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Kandarakis SA, Petrou P, Katsimpris A, Mitsopoulou D, Chatziralli IP, Kanakis M, Halkiadakis I, Georgalas I. UGH Syndrome Resolution after IOL Explantation and Concomitant Carlevale IOL Implantation. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024; 32:320-325. [PMID: 36749924 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2169716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the use of Carlevale IOL placement in patients with UGH, and to evaluate surgical outcomes. DESIGN In this retrospective study, 28 patients with UGH syndrome that were subjected to IOL explantation and concomitant Carlevale IOL implantation were included in the study. METHODS Information about VA, IOP, number of glaucoma medication, need for glaucoma surgery, presence of hemorrhage and inflammation were recorded up to 6 months after the procedure. RESULTS We found a statistically significant increase in mean visual acuity and complete resolution of uveitis in all patients. Mean IOP and the mean number of glaucoma medications were significantly decreased postoperatively, while 14% of patients required additional glaucoma surgery. CONCLUSIONS IOL explantation and concomitant Carlevale IOL implantation may provide a viable solution for UGH syndrome resolution, increases visual acuity, and decreases the need for glaucoma medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos A Kandarakis
- First Ophthalmology Department, "G.gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Petrou
- First Ophthalmology Department, "G.gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Katsimpris
- First Ophthalmology Department, "G.gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Mitsopoulou
- First Ophthalmology Department, "G.gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Irini P Chatziralli
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Menelaos Kanakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Ilias Georgalas
- First Ophthalmology Department, "G.gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Sideri AM, Mitsopoulou D, Kandarakis SA, Katsimpris A, Kanakis M, Karamaounas A, Brouzas D, Petrou P, Papakonstantinou E, Droutsas K, Giannopoulos G, Georgalas I. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Changes in Patients Diagnosed With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2024; 16:e54121. [PMID: 38487148 PMCID: PMC10939045 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Two independent reviewers searched the electronic databases (MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), Scopus, Embase (Excerpta Medica Database), Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) from inception until April 2023. According to the inclusion criteria of this review, eligible were observational studies, randomized control trials, and registry/database studies that included the eyes of adult ACS patients and assessed OCTA parameters within the macula. The pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) between patients diagnosed with ACS and healthy controls with a confidence interval (CI) of 95% were calculated using the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman random-effects method. The heterogeneity was assessed by I2 and the Cochran Q and a random effects model was applied. Seven studies were eligible and included in our systematic review (n = 898), of which three were included in the meta-analysis (n = 341). The pooled SMD in the superficial vascular plexus (SVP), deep vascular plexus (DVP), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were -0.46 (95% CI: -0.94 to 0.01, p = 0.05, I2 = 0%, three studies), -0.10 (95% CI: -3.20 to 3.00, p = 0.75, I2 = 67%, two studies), and 0.43 (95% CI: -1.22 to 2.09, p = 0.38, I2 = 92%, three studies), respectively. Our findings suggest that there are no differences in OCTA metrics between ACS patients and healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Sideri
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Dimitra Mitsopoulou
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Stylianos A Kandarakis
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | | | - Menelaos Kanakis
- Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Rion University Hospital, University of Patras, Patras, GRC
| | - Aristotelis Karamaounas
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Dimitrios Brouzas
- Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Petros Petrou
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Evangelia Papakonstantinou
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Konstantinos Droutsas
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Georgios Giannopoulos
- Third Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Ilias Georgalas
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
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Totou S, Karmiris E, Kanakis M, Gartaganis P, Petrou P, Kalogeropoulos C, Kozobolis V, Stavrakas P. Impact of flight and equivalent short-term high-altitude exposure on ocular structures and function. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2023; 12:127-141. [PMID: 38476577 PMCID: PMC10926315 DOI: 10.51329/mehdiophthal1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Background Exposure to high-altitude conditions during flight or similar activities affects many aspects of visual function, which is critical not only for flight safety but for any altitude-related activity. We aimed to summarize the available literature pertaining to ocular changes during flight or equivalent short-term high-altitude exposure (e.g., hypobaric chamber, effortless ascent lasting ≤ 24 h) and to highlight future research priorities. Methods Using the PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science/ISI Web of Knowledge databases with structured search syntax, we conducted a systematic review of the literature spanning a 40-year period (January 1, 1983, to October 10, 2023). Articles pertaining to ocular changes during flight or flight-equivalent exposure to altitude were retrieved. The reference lists of retrieved studies were also searched, and citations of these references were included in the results. Results Of 875 relevant PubMed and ISI publications, 122 qualified for inclusion and 20 more were retrieved from the reference lists of initially selected records, for a total of 142 articles. Reported anterior segment changes included deterioration in tear film stability and increased dry eye incidence, increased corneal thickness, discomfort and bubble formation in contact lens users, refraction changes in individuals with prior refractive surgery, decreased intraocular pressure, and alterations in pupillary reaction, contrast sensitivity, and visual fields. Photoreceptor-visual pathway changes included alterations in both photoreceptors and neuro-transduction, as evidenced in dark adaptation, macular recovery time, reduction in visual field sensitivity, and optic neuritis (likely an element of decompression sickness). Retinochoroidal changes included increases in retinal vessel caliber, retinal blood flow, and choroidal thickness; central serous chorioretinopathy; and retinal vascular events (non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy, high-altitude retinopathy, and retinal vein occlusion). Conclusions The effect of short-term high-altitude exposure on the eye is, in itself, a difficult area to study. Although serious impairment of visual acuity appears to be rare, ocular changes, including tear film stability, contact lens wear, central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, contrast sensitivity, stability of refractive surgeries, retinal vessels, visual fields, and macula recovery time, should be considered in civilian aviators. Our report provides guidance to climbers and lowlanders traveling to altitude if they have pre-existing ocular conditions or if they experience visual symptoms while at altitude. However, key outcomes have been contradictory and comprehensive studies are scarce, especially those pertaining to the choroid and retina. Such studies could not only deepen our understanding of high-altitude ocular pathophysiology, but could also offer valuable information and treatment possibilities for a constellation of other vision-threatening diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Styliani Totou
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Patras, School of Medicine, Patras, Greece
- Hellenic Air Force General Hospital, Athens, Attika, Greece
| | | | - Menelaos Kanakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Patras, School of Medicine, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Petros Petrou
- Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Vassilios Kozobolis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Patras, School of Medicine, Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Stavrakas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Patras, School of Medicine, Patras, Greece
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Sideri AM, Kanakis M, Katsimpris A, Karamaounas A, Brouzas D, Petrou P, Papakonstaninou E, Droutsas K, Kandarakis S, Giannopoulos G, Georgalas I. Correlation Between Coronary and Retinal Microangiopathy in Patients With STEMI. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2023; 12:8. [PMID: 37145590 PMCID: PMC10168007 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.5.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the morphological and functional correlation between microvascular retinal changes in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and the microvascular coronary circulation in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods A total of 330 eyes from 165 participants (88 cases and 77 controls) were enrolled and imaged. Superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) vascular density was measured in the central (1 mm) and perifoveal (1-3 mm) areas and in the superficial foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and choriocapillaris (3 mm). These parameters were then correlated to the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and the number of affected coronary arteries. Results Decreased vessel densities in the SCP and DCP and choriocapillaris were positively correlated to the LVEF values (P = 0.006, P = 0.026, and P = 0.002, respectively). No statistically significant correlation between the SCP and DCP central area or FAZ area was found. Regarding the number of affected vessels, significant negative correlations were revealed for the SCP and DCP central vessel densities (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively) and the SCP perifoveal vascular density (P = 0.009). Conclusions OCTA vascular indices are significantly correlated with morphological and functional parameters in patients with STEMI CHD. SCP vascular density especially seems to be a promising biomarker for the extent of both macrovascular damage (number of affected coronary arteries) and microvascular damage, as mirrored in the decreased LVEF at admission. Translational Relevance OCTA vascular indices offer a valuable insight into the microvascular status of coronary circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Sideri
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Menelaos Kanakis
- School of Medicine, University of Patras, University Eye Clinic, Rion University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Andreas Katsimpris
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristotelis Karamaounas
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Brouzas
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Petrou
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Papakonstaninou
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Droutsas
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stylianos Kandarakis
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Giannopoulos
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ilias Georgalas
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Xirou V, Xirou T, Siganos C, Ntonti P, Georgakopoulos C, Stavrakas P, Makri OE, Kanakis M, Tsapardoni F, Fragkoulis I, Garnavou-Xirou C, Kozobolis V. Impact of Cataract Surgery on IOP and Ocular Structures in Normotensive Patients and Primary and Exfoliation Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:1047-1055. [PMID: 37041963 PMCID: PMC10083030 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s402550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the changes in Intraocular Pressure (IOP) and other ocular parameters: the Anterior Chamber Angle (ACA), Anterior Chamber Volume (ACV), and Anterior Chamber Depth (ACD) during phacoemulsification surgery in Greek patients with normotensive eyes and those with well-controlled Open-Angle Glaucoma (OAG). Additionally, parameters such as the Corneal Thickness (CCT), Axial Length (AL), Central Macular Thickness (CMT), and Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (RNFL) were also examined. Patients and Methods This was a prospective observational case-control study that included 50 phakic eyes, 25 normotensive (Group 1), and 25 with OAG: 15 Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and 10 Exfoliation Glaucoma (EXG) (Group 2). Ophthalmic assessment included IOP measurements, ocular biometry, and anterior and posterior segment optical coherence tomography evaluation of the aforementioned ocular parameters, prior and 6 months after phacoemulsification surgery. Results At the 6 months post-operative review, a greater IOP reduction was recorded in eyes with OAG, in comparison to normotensive ones (5.3mmHg and 1.6 mmHg respectively). In addition, a significant but similar increase was recorded in the values of the ACA, ACV, and ACD of both groups between the pre- and the post-op period. Furthermore, the CCT and AL values remained unaltered. Finally, there was a non-statistically significant change in the mean CMT and the mean average RNFL of both groups. Conclusion Eyes with OAG tend to undergo a greater reduction in IOP post-phacoemulsification surgery, in comparison to normotensive eyes. This reduction may not be solely attributed to ocular anatomical changes after phacoemulsification surgery but may also be due to the remodeling of the trabecular meshwork and the ciliary body. This may be especially true in the case of OAG eyes, which already start off with a compromised trabecular endothelium prior to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Xirou
- Ophthalmology Department, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: Vasiliki Xirou, Ophthalmology Department, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece, Email
| | - Tina Xirou
- Ophthalmology Department, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalambos Siganos
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Panagiota Ntonti
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | | | - Olga E Makri
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Menelaos Kanakis
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Vassilios Kozobolis
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Eye Institute of Thrace, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Kanakis M, Georgalas I, Kozobolis V, Lekkou A, Karmiris E, Stavrakas P. Late PAMM-Like Lesions in a Patient with HIV Retinopathy. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2023; 14:23-28. [PMID: 36644617 PMCID: PMC9837467 DOI: 10.1159/000528408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This report describes a case of a newly diagnosed 49-year-old HIV patient, who presented with decreased visual acuity and retinal lesions characterized by ischemia at the level of the deep retinal capillary plexus, documented with optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography, fluorescein angiography, and visual fields testing. These lesions closely resembled the morphologic and clinical characteristics of late paracentral acute middle maculopathy. The presence of these lesions suggests that HIV microangiopathy can potentially affect both superficial and deep retinal capillary plexuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menelaos Kanakis
- University Eye Clinic, University of Patras School of Medicine, Rion University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Ilias Georgalas
- 1st Athens University Eye Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilios Kozobolis
- University Eye Clinic, University of Patras School of Medicine, Rion University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Alexandra Lekkou
- Division of Internal Medicine, University of Patras School of Medicine, Rion University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Efthymios Karmiris
- Ophthalmology Department, Hellenic Air Force General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Stavrakas
- University Eye Clinic, University of Patras School of Medicine, Rion University Hospital, Patras, Greece
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Danielides G, Lygeros S, Kanakis M, Naxakis S. Periostin as a biomarker in chronic rhinosinusitis: A contemporary systematic review. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2022; 12:1535-1550. [PMID: 35514144 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of periostin, a matricellular protein encoded by the POSTN gene, in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is reviewed. Periostin is considered a potential biomarker of endotype and may be useful for evaluating response to treatment. METHODS Search terms in PubMed and Web of Science (1990-March 2022) included: ((periostin) OR (POSTN)) AND ((sinusitis) OR (nasal polyp) OR (CRSwNP) OR (CRS). The primary outcomes were differences in tissue, serum, and nasal lavage between CRSwNP and CRS without NP (CRSsNP) or controls. Associated factors reported to affect periostin expression, data regarding participants' clinical characteristics, disease endotypes, laboratory methods, and samples' origin were also pooled. Studies on <10 patients were excluded. RESULTS Out of 101 records harvested through database searching, 29 prospective cross-sectional or case-control studies were eligible for review and qualitative analysis. Tissue sample origin, concurrent infection, current and past medication, primary or recurrent disease, allergic rhinitis, and smoking status should be considered as confounding factors for periostin levels. Periostin and POSTN messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were consistently and significantly higher in CRSwNP than CRSsNP and controls. Despite the distinctly different inflammation patterns among CRSwNP endotypes, periostin-related remodeling patterns seemed to be similar. CONCLUSION Tissue and serum periostin levels, and POSTN expression appear elevated in CRSwNP, especially in eosinophilic inflammation, compared to CRSsNP and controls. Disease severity and comorbidities are also reflected in periostin and POSTN values. Carefully designed prospective studies may establish the role of periostin as a biomarker in CRSwNP and allow its incorporation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Danielides
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Spyridon Lygeros
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Menelaos Kanakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stephanos Naxakis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Papathanasiou KA, Kazantzis D, Vrachatis DA, Giotaki SG, Papaconstantinou E, Kanakis M, Avramides D, Deftereos S, Chatziralli I, Georgalas I. Choroidal thickness in patients with systemic arterial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ther Adv Ophthalmol 2022; 14:25158414221132825. [DOI: 10.1177/25158414221132825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The global burden of hypertension is constantly increasing with adverse cardiovascular and ocular sequelae. The association between elevated blood pressure and choroidal thickness (CT), as assessed via optical coherence tomography (OCT), is poorly understood. Objectives and Design: Studies including hypertensive adults and normotensive controls undergoing OCT were evaluated for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The primary endpoint was CT difference between hypertensive and normotensive adults. Data Sources and Methods: We conducted a systematic review and after searching 1011 results from MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov, medRxiv and Cochrane Library, six studies were deemed eligible and were pooled according to a random-effect model. Results: A statistically significant reduction in choroidal thickness was found in hypertensive adults ( n = 454) as compared with normotensive controls ( n = 365) [mean difference: −0.77; 95% confidence intervals: (−1.20, −0.34); p = 0.0004]. The main limitations of this meta-analysis are the relatively small population included and the high statistical heterogeneity ( I2 = 87%) among the various studies. Of note, after excluding one study the heterogeneity was markedly reduced. Conclusion: Choroidal thickness is reduced among hypertensive subjects compared with normotensive controls. This finding mandates further examination in the context of long-term clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimitrios Kazantzis
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Sotiria G. Giotaki
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Papaconstantinou
- Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Menelaos Kanakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Avramides
- Department of Cardiology, ‘G. Gennimatas’ General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Deftereos
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini Str., Chaidari, Attiki, 12462 Athens, Greece
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Irini Chatziralli
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ilias Georgalas
- Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Kanakis M, Petrou P, Lourida G, Georgalas I. Erdheim-Chester disease: a comprehensive review from the ophthalmologic perspective. Surv Ophthalmol 2021; 67:388-410. [PMID: 34081930 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare clonal histiocytic neoplasm with less than 1200 documented cases to date. The disease is life-threatening and difficult to recognize, although increasing awareness as well as the integration of clinical, imaging, pathology information , and genetic studies have led to a recent exponential increase in new reported cases. ECD affects multiple organs and systems, including skeletal, neurologic, and cardiovascular. Pulmonary, retroperitoneal, and cutaneous lesions have also been reported in various combinations. Until the discovery that more than half of ECD patients harbor the BRAF-V600E mutation or other mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and RAS pathways, Interferon-a was the first-line treatment. Nowadays BRAF and MEK-inhibitors targeted therapies are the mainstay of treatment. Ophthalmologic involvement occurs in 25% -30% of ECD cases, usually in the form of orbital involvement presenting with exophthalmos and ophthalmoplegia. Other ophthalmologic manifestations include palpebral xanthelasmas, anterior uveitis and vitritis, optic disk edema, choroidal infiltration, recurrent serous retinal detachment, retinal drusen-like deposits and retinal pigment epithelial changes. ECD patients can also present with ocular symptoms as a result of adverse effects of the treatment regimens. In some cases with smoldering or protean symptoms, the emergence of eye manifestations triggered the diagnosis. Ophthalmologists have to be aware of the disease, recognize the constellation of ECD symptoms, and contribute to the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of ECD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petros Petrou
- G. Genimatas General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, Athens, Greece
| | - Giota Lourida
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ilias Georgalas
- G. Genimatas General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, Athens, Greece.
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Petrou A, Kanakis M, Magkoutas K, de Vries B, Meboldt M, Daners MS. Cardiac Output Estimation: Online Implementation for Left Ventricular Assist Device Support. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2021; 68:1990-1998. [PMID: 33338010 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.3045879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We present a novel pipeline that consists of various algorithms for the estimation of the cardiac output (CO) during ventricular assist devices (VADs) support using a single pump inlet pressure (PIP) sensor as well as pump intrinsic signals. METHODS A machine learning (ML) model was constructed for the prediction of the aortic valve opening status. When a closed aortic valve is detected, the estimated CO equals the estimated pump flow. Otherwise, the estimated CO equals the sum of the estimated pump flow and the aortic valve flow, estimated via a Kalman-filter approach. Both the pathophysiological conditions and the pump speed of an in-vitro test bench were adjusted in various combinations to evaluate the performance of the pipeline, as well as the individual estimators. RESULTS The ML model yielded a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.771, a sensitivity of 0.913 and a specificity of 0.871. An overall CO root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.69 L/min was achieved. Replacing the pump flow and aortic pressure estimators with sensors would decrease the RMSE below 0.5 L/min. CONCLUSION The performance of the proposed pipeline is considered the state of the art for VADs with an integrated PIP sensor. The effect of the individual estimators on the overall performance of the pipeline was thoroughly investigated and their limitations were identified for future research. SIGNIFICANCE The clinical application of the proposed solution could provide the clinicians with essential information about the interaction between the patient's heart and the VAD to further improve the VAD therapy.
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Giannakouras P, Kanakis M, Diamantea F, Tzetis M, Koutsandrea C, Papaconstantinou D, Georgalas I. Ophthalmologic manifestations of adult patients with cystic fibrosis. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:11206721211008780. [PMID: 33832348 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211008780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common life-shortening recessive genetic disease in Caucasians, affecting primarily the lungs. The objective of our study was to investigate potential ophthalmologic involvement in adult patients with CF. METHODS Fifty adult patients with cystic fibrosis and 60 age- and sex-matched controls underwent complete ophthalmologic examination including tear-film Break-Up Time (BUT), Macular Thickness, and peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (pRNFL) thickness measurements using Spectral Domain-OCT. RESULTS CF patients had significantly lower nasal-inferior pRNFL thickness (median 82 IQR 67-102 vs 92.5 IQR 82-107, p = 0.005) and lower percentage of normal tear Break-Up Time (56.0% vs 96.7%, p = 0.001) than healthy controls. All CF patients with BUT <10 s were diagnosed with blepharitis at the time of our assessement. The subgroup of patients homozygous for the most common CF mutation, F508del, had lower nasal-inferior pRNFL thickness (p = 0.014) and lower percentage of normal tear Break-Up Time (p = 0.001) compared to the control group. Additional findings, present in the CF group only, were punctuate retinal hemorrhages (four patients), vessel tortuosity (four patients), snail-track degeneration, and retinal tufts (two patients without refractive error). There were no significant differences in visual acuity, refractive errors, gonioscopic findings, or intraocular pressure between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study is, to the best of our knowledge, the largest ophthalmologic study of patients with cystic fibrosis. We found that CF patients had significantly decreased inferior-quadrant peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and decreased tear-film break-up time compared to controls. We highlight the importance of careful regular ophthalmologic assessment and follow-up of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Giannakouras
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Menelaos Kanakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Patras, University of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - Filia Diamantea
- Third Respiratory Medicine Department, Sismanogleio General Hospital, Marousi, Greece
| | - Maria Tzetis
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Koutsandrea
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Papaconstantinou
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ilias Georgalas
- First Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Petrou P, Angelidis CD, Andreanos K, Kanakis M, Kandarakis S, Karamaounas A, Papakonstantinou E, Mamas N, Droutsas K, Georgalas I. Reduction of Foveal Avascular Zone After Vitrectomy Demonstrated by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. Cureus 2021; 13:e13757. [PMID: 33717769 PMCID: PMC7943050 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effect of pars plana vitrectomy on foveal circulation, and in particular the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: This was a prospective, non-randomized, comparative case series of patients that underwent vitrectomy. Twenty-six eyes of 26 patients that underwent vitrectomy were studied postoperatively by OCTA. Our patients underwent 23 or 25G pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for any posterior segment pathology. Three-dimensional OCTAs (DRI Triton Swept Source OCT; Topcon) of the capillary plexus were obtained three months post-operatively. The FAZ measurements of the fellow eyes were used as controls. Main outcome measures: Change in FAZ area between vitrectomized eyes and controls. Results: From a total of 26 patients, 17 underwent vitrectomy due to retinal detachment (RD). Almost all patients demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in FAZ size based on the OCTA measurements. Τhe mean difference in FAZ size for the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) was -93.77 ± 71.73 μm and for the deep capillary plexus (DCP) -88.87 ± 75.41 μm, both statistically significant (p=0.000), while the amount of reduction in μm was the same for both SCP and DCP. Conclusion: The foveal avascular zone seems to be reduced following vitrectomy as shown by optical coherence tomography angiography. It is postulated that this may be the result of changes in the physiology of the vitrectomized eye, and that this change should be attributed to the removal of the vitreous itself rather than other structures such as the internal limiting membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Petrou
- Ophthalmology, "G. Gennimatas" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Constantine D Angelidis
- Ophthalmology, "G. Gennimatas" General Hospital of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC
| | - Konstantinos Andreanos
- Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC
| | - Menelaos Kanakis
- Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC
| | - Stylianos Kandarakis
- Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC
| | | | | | - Nikolaos Mamas
- Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC
| | - Konstantinos Droutsas
- Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC
| | - Ilias Georgalas
- Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC
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Georgalas I, Spyropoulos D, Gotzaridis S, Papakonstantinou E, Kandarakis S, Kanakis M, Karamaounas A, Petrou P. Scleral fixation of Carlevale intraocular lens: A new tool in correcting aphakia with no capsular support. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:527-533. [PMID: 33530722 DOI: 10.1177/1120672121992978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the clinical outcomes of the use of a novel specially designed scleral fixated intraocular lens, the Carlevale intraocular lens (carlevale IOL, Soleko, Italy) for the correction of aphakia in the absence of capsular support of variable etiology. METHODS This retrospective, non-comparative study included 169 eyes of 169 consecutive patients who underwent 3-port pars plana vitrectomy and scleral fixation on Carlevale IOL. Inclusion criteria were at least 6 months' follow-up period, patients > 18 years old who underwent vitrectomy and Carlevale IOL placement for aphakia and inadequate capsular support. RESULTS The median follow up period of 9 months (range 6-18 months). Mean post-operative BCVA at the last follow-up visit was 20/25 (0.09 ± 0.1 LogMAR), improving from a mean baseline BCVA of 20/80 (0.58 ± 0.49 LogMAR), a statistically significant change (p = 0.0001). Regarding the post-operative complications, a transient rise in the IOP was observed in 28 patients (16.5%) and mild vitreous hemorrhage was observed in the immediate post-operative period in eight eyes (4.7%) and it spontaneously resolved within 3 weeks. All patients demonstrated good IOL position at the end of the follow-up without IOL capture. None of the patients required re-operation. CONLCUSION The present study represents the largest to date in evaluating the use of carlevale IOL in patients with aphakia and inadequate capsular support. The technique is safe and provides excellent post-operative IOL fixation without IOL capture in any of the patients studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Georgalas
- First Opthalmology Department, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Spyropoulos
- First Opthalmology Department, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stratos Gotzaridis
- First Opthalmology Department, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Papakonstantinou
- First Opthalmology Department, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stylianos Kandarakis
- First Opthalmology Department, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Menelaos Kanakis
- First Opthalmology Department, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristotelis Karamaounas
- First Opthalmology Department, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Petrou
- First Opthalmology Department, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Daoussis D, Kraniotis P, Tsimeka AM, Kanakis M, Liossis SN. Neck pain, red eyes and hearing loss. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 59:4002. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Menelaos Kanakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
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Georgalas I, Makris G, Papaconstantinou D, Petrou P, Chalkiadaki E, Droutsas K, Andreanos K, Kanakis M. A Pilot Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study on Superficial and Deep Capillary Plexus Foveal Avascular Zone in Patients With Beta-Thalassemia Major. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 60:3887-3896. [PMID: 31529120 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate foveal avascular zone (FAZ) changes in the superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses in beta-thalassemia major (BTM) patients, as shown in optical coherence tomography angiography. Methods Nonrandomized, comparative case series of 54 eyes of 27 BTM patients and 46 eyes of 23 healthy controls, utilizing an automated FAZ detection algorithm. Measurements included FAZ area and FAZ shape descriptors (convexity, circularity, and contour temperature). Results were compared between the two groups, and correlated to iron load and chelation therapy parameters. Results SCP and DCP FAZ area were not significantly different between the control and BTM groups (P = 0.778 and P = 0.408, respectively). The same was true regarding SCP FAZ convexity (P = 0.946), circularity (P = 0.838), and contour temperature (P = 0.907). In contrast, a statistically significant difference was detected between controls and BTM group regarding DCP FAZ convexity (P = 0.013), circularity (P = 0.010), and contour temperature (P = 0.014). Desferrioxamine dosage was strongly correlated to the DCP area (r = 0.650, P = 0.05) and liver magnetic resonance imaging/T2-star to DCP circularity (r = -0.492, P = 0.038). Correlations were also revealed between urine Fe excretion and DCP convexity (r = 0.531, P = 0.019), circularity (r = 0.661, P = 0.002), and contour temperature (r = -0.591, P = 0.008). Conclusions Retinal capillary plexuses and especially DCP seem to present unique morphologic changes in BTM patients, not in the FAZ area, but in specific shape descriptors, indicating minor but detectable FAZ changes. These changes correlate well with iron load and chelation therapy parameters. Their clinical importance and pathophysiologic implications remain to be elucidated through further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Georgalas
- First Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Makris
- Department of Ophthalmology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Papaconstantinou
- First Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Petrou
- First Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Chalkiadaki
- First Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Droutsas
- First Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Andreanos
- First Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Menelaos Kanakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Patras University School of Medicine, Rion, Patras, Greece
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Georgalas L, Tservakis I, Kiskira EE, Petrou P, Papaconstantinou D, Kanakis M. Efficacy and safety of dexamethasone intravitreal implant in patients with retinal vein occlusion resistant to anti-VEGF therapy: a 12-month prospective study. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2019; 38:330-337. [PMID: 31060385 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2019.1614020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of repeated intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) injections administrated on an "as-needed" protocol for retinal vein occlusion patients with macular oedema, previously subjected to at least five anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections with poor or no response. Methods: Prospective interventional case series of 13 branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and 10 central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) patients with persistent macular oedema (>250 μm) after at least five anti-VEGF injections. Exclusion criteria included: baseline visual acuity worse than 1.5 logMAR, previous intravitreal implant, history of vitreoretinal surgery, manifest glaucoma or ocular hypertension, epiretinal membrane, retinal neovascularization, massive retinal or macular ischaemia, vitreous haemorrhage or severe lens opacity, previous laser photocoagulation treatment. Each patient received an initial intraocular dexamethasone implant and the procedure was repeated at 6 months "as needed." Patients were followed up at months 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 with spectral domain optical coherence tomography and best corrected visual acuity measurements. Exclusion criteria included: baseline visual acuity worse than 1.5 logMAR, previous intravitreal implant, history of vitreoretinal surgery, manifest glaucoma or ocular hypertension, epiretinal membrane, retinal neovascularization, retinal or macular ischaemia, vitreous haemorrhage or severe lens opacity, previous laser photocoagulation treatment. Patients on topical or systemic corticosteroid therapy (during the last 3 months), and known steroid responders as well as diabetic patients were also excluded. Results: In the BRVO group, the mean central retinal thickness (CRT) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly improved from 482.92 ± 139.99 μm (0.55 ± 0.12 logMAR) at baseline, to 369.31 ± 119.72 μm (0.43 ± 0.18 logMAR) at 6 months (p = 0.011/p = 0.019). At 12 months CRT was 295.82 ± 135.48 μm (p = 0.026) and BCVA 0.29 ± 0.17 logMAR (p = 0.002). Minimum CRT values were achieved at 3.45 months after the first injection, and 2.46 months after the second injection (197.00 ± 84.27 and 180.00 ± 76.89 μm, respectively). Best BCVA values were achieved at a mean of 4 ± 0.853 months after the first injection, and 4 months after the second injection (0.219 ± 0.129 and 0.222 ± 0.078 logMAR, respectively). In the CRVO group, neither the mean CRT nor BCVA improved significantly at 6 months: from 669.70 ± 203.20 μm (0.80 ± 0.231 logMAR) at baseline, to 586.20 ± 237.63 μm (0.740 ± 0.268 logMAR) at 6 months (p = 0.131/p = 0.333). At 12 months CRT was significantly improved: 549.90 ± 191.26 μm (p = 0.047), but BCVA lacked significant improvement: 0.690 ± 0.285 logMAR (p = 0.072). Minimum CRT values were achieved at a mean of 2 months after the first injection, and also 2 months after the second injection (261.60 ± 121.31 and 280.00 ± 177.43 μm, respectively). Best BCVA values were achieved at a mean of 2 months after the first injection, and 2 months after the second injection and were 0.390 ± 0.173 and 0.385 ± 0.233 logMAR, respectively. Cataract progression was a rare event (2/23 eyes), while transient steroid-induced ocular hypertension (5/23 eyes) was managed successfully with IOP-lowering medication Conclusion: Dexamethasone implant should be considered as an effective and safe alternative in patients with BRVO and CRVO who have failed anti-VEGF therapy. Shortening the re-injection interval especially for CRVO cases should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lias Georgalas
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital , Athens , Greece
| | - Ioannis Tservakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital , Athens , Greece
| | | | - Petros Petrou
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital , Athens , Greece
| | - Dimitris Papaconstantinou
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital , Athens , Greece
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Kanakis M, Georgalas I, Makatsoris T, Pharmakakis N. Taxane Induced Cystoid Macular Edema: Case Report and Integrated Pathogenic Theory. Curr Drug Saf 2019; 14:43-47. [PMID: 30156164 DOI: 10.2174/1574886313666180828163016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of a 73-year-old man who presented with decreased visual acuity due to bilateral macular edema after paclitaxel administration for prostate cancer. METHODS The ophthalmic evaluation consisted of medical and ocular history, Best Corrected Visual Acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy and Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography / Fluorescein Angiography. RESULTS Optical Coherence Tomography and Fluorescein Angiography revealed silent cystoid macular edema. After consulting with the oncologist, the cessation of paclitaxel therapy was decided. The patient presented a gradual but steady resumption of the retinal edema, with complete restoration of normal retinal morphology and function within two months. The pathogenesis of the silent Cystoid Macular Edema (CME) is still unclear. Based on our case and a critical review of the previous observations and published data, we propose that the underlying cause of Taxane induced CME is the functional failure of Aquaporin mediated water transport at the level of retinal Intermediate and Deep capillary plexuses, and at lesser extent at the level of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium. CONCLUSION Taxane induced silent CME should be attributed to the action of Taxanes on the microtubule guided aquaporin vesicles transport to the cell membrane. In our case of Taxane induced silent CME, withdrawal of the taxane was enough for complete recovery, and no additional treatment was needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kanakis
- University of Patras, Medical School, University Eye Clinic, Rion University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - I Georgalas
- University of Athens, Medical School, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Genimatas General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - T Makatsoris
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of Patras, Medical School, Rion University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - N Pharmakakis
- University of Patras, Medical School, University Eye Clinic, Rion University Hospital, Patras, Greece
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Malamos P, Tservakis I, Kanakis M, Koutsiouki C, Kiskira E, Mylonas G, Lakoumentas J, Georgalas I. Long-Term Results of Combination Treatment with Single-Dose Ranibizumab plus Photodynamic Therapy for Retinal Angiomatous Proliferation. Ophthalmologica 2018; 240:213-221. [DOI: 10.1159/000487610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Malamos P, Tsolkas G, Kanakis M, Mylonas G, Karatzenis D, Oikonomopoulos N, Lakoumentas J, Georgalas I. OCT-Angiography for monitoring and managing neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Curr Eye Res 2017; 42:1689-1697. [DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2017.1356336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Malamos
- Retina and Macula Service, Ypapanti Eye Clinic, Athens, Greece
| | - G. Tsolkas
- Retina and Macula Service, Ypapanti Eye Clinic, Athens, Greece
| | - M Kanakis
- University of Athens, Medical School, 1st University Eye Clinic, G.Genimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - G Mylonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Teaching Hospital of St. John of God, Vienna, Austria
| | - D. Karatzenis
- Retina and Macula Service, Ypapanti Eye Clinic, Athens, Greece
| | | | - J Lakoumentas
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rion, Greece
| | - Ilias Georgalas
- University of Athens, Medical School, 1st University Eye Clinic, G.Genimatas General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Georgalas I, Petrou P, Papaconstantinou D, Brouzas D, Koutsandrea C, Kanakis M. Iris cysts: A comprehensive review on diagnosis and treatment. Surv Ophthalmol 2017; 63:347-364. [PMID: 28882598 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Iris cysts, both primary and secondary, are a diagnostic and treatment challenge. Primary cysts arise either from the iris pigment epithelium or the iris stroma. Posterior pigment epithelial cysts are subdivided according to their location as central, midzonal, and peripheral. Iris stromal cysts are classified either as congenital or acquired. Free-floating cysts are usually dislodged pigment epithelial cysts. Secondary cysts are classified according to the underlying cause as implantation cysts, drug-induced, uveitic, tumor-induced, parasitic, or as cysts associated with systemic disorders. Differential diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation and imaging. Ultrasound biomicroscopy is the gold standard for the imaging of iris cysts, combining excellent resolution with sufficient tissue penetration. Treatment of iris cysts depends largely on whether they become symptomatic or not. Symptoms include obstruction of the visual axis, corneal decompensation, secondary uveitis, and secondary glaucoma. Treatment options cover a range from simple observation to fine-needle aspiration (with or without intracystic injection of absolute alcohol or antimitotic agents), laser (argon, Nd:YAG), or surgical excision. In the past, the prevailing notion was that of a radical surgical intervention in the form of iridectomy or iridocyclectomy. Given the high rate of recurrence, a stepwise conservative approach is currently favored by most clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Georgalas
- Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - Petros Petrou
- Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Papaconstantinou
- Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Brouzas
- Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Koutsandrea
- Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Menelaos Kanakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Brookes J, Kuznecovs M, Kanakis M, Grigals A, Narvidas M, Gallagher J, Levesley M. Robots testing robots: ALAN-Arm, a humanoid arm for the testing of robotic rehabilitation systems. IEEE Int Conf Rehabil Robot 2017; 2017:676-681. [PMID: 28813898 DOI: 10.1109/icorr.2017.8009326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Robotics is increasing in popularity as a method of providing rich, personalized and cost-effective physiotherapy to individuals with some degree of upper limb paralysis, such as those who have suffered a stroke. These robotic rehabilitation systems are often high powered, and exoskeletal systems can attach to the person in a restrictive manner. Therefore, ensuring the mechanical safety of these devices before they come in contact with individuals is a priority. Additionally, rehabilitation systems may use novel sensor systems to measure current arm position. Used to capture and assess patient movements, these first need to be verified for accuracy by an external system. We present the ALAN-Arm, a humanoid robotic arm designed to be used for both accuracy benchmarking and safety testing of robotic rehabilitation systems. The system can be attached to a rehabilitation device and then replay generated or human movement trajectories, as well as autonomously play rehabilitation games or activities. Tests of the ALAN-Arm indicated it could recreate the path of a generated slow movement path with a maximum error of 14.2mm (mean = 5.8mm) and perform cyclic movements up to 0.6Hz with low gain (<1.5dB). Replaying human data trajectories showed the ability to largely preserve human movement characteristics with slightly higher path length and lower normalised jerk.
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Georgalas I, Kanakis M, Pagoulatos D, Petrou P. Unilateral metamorphopsia in a 73 year old woman. BMJ 2016; 354:i3720. [PMID: 27443189 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i3720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Georgalas
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, "G Gennimatas" Hospital of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Menelaos Kanakis
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, "G Gennimatas" Hospital of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dionisis Pagoulatos
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, "G Gennimatas" Hospital of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Petrou
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, "G Gennimatas" Hospital of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Koutsandrea C, Kanakis M, Papaconstantinou D, Brouzas D, Ladas I, Petrou P, Georgalas I. Scleral Buckling versus Vitrectomy for Retinal Detachment Repair: Comparison of Visual Fields and Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness. Ophthalmologica 2016; 235:10-7. [PMID: 26731764 DOI: 10.1159/000439443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare visual field loss and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects in cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) treated with scleral buckle (SB) versus pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and C3F8 injection. METHODS This was a prospective, comparative interventional study of 50 eyes with primary RRD, treated with PPV (25 eyes) or SB (25 eyes). All measurements took place at least 9 months following successful and uncomplicated surgical treatment. The visual field total deviation (TD) values for preoperative attached and detached areas were calculated and compared separately. The optic nerve head morphology was studied with Heidelberg retinal tomography (HRT), and the RNFL using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. RESULTS The preoperative detached areas demonstrated more affected TD values (in dB) compared to the preoperative attached areas (-6.9 ± 5.2 vs. -4.3 ± 3.3 for the SB group and -9.6 ± 5.2 vs. -7.8 ± 5.1 for the PPV group; p = 0.001) in both groups. The preoperative attached areas of the SB group showed better TD values (calculated mean values) compared to the preoperative attached areas of the PPV group (-4.3 ± 3.3 vs. -7.8 ± 5.1, p = 0.007). The RNFL and HRT values showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS It seems that the preoperative detached retina, despite successful reattachment, suffers permanent damage as a result of the detachment, irrespective of the method of treatment. In the PPV group, the postoperative functionality of the preoperative attached areas was detected to be worse compared to the postoperative functionality of the preoperative attached areas of the SB group. We postulate that this fact could be attributed to an additional traumatizing factor (possibly fluid-air exchange or gas injection) in patients with RRD treated with PPV.
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Petrou P, Kanakis M, Koutsandrea C, Georgalas I, Banerjee PJ. Full-Thickness Macular Hole Secondary to High-Power Handheld Blue Laser: Natural History and Management Outcomes. Am J Ophthalmol 2015; 160:1084. [PMID: 26321171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Alexoudi I, Kapsimali V, Vaiopoulos A, Kanakis M, Vaiopoulos G. Toll-like receptors pathways implication in common autoimmune diseases and therapeutic perspectives. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2015; 150:255-260. [PMID: 25876147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a category of receptors that recognize and activate their signaling pathways to defend against the pathogen factors. However, an alteration in the proper activation might occurr, resulting in the production of proinflammatory cytokines. This improper activation is the beginning of an autoimmune disease. The inhibition of the implicated receptors or their pathways may prevent the induction of autoimmunity. This paper describes in detail new therapeutic opportunities based on the alteration of the TLR activation for rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Loggos S, Mitropoulos F, Kondrafouris K, Milonakis M, Kanakis M, Chantzis A, Bobos D, Giannopoulos N, Azariadis P. Large pericardial cyst in an asymptomatic child: a case report. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2013; 4:315-7. [PMID: 24327506 DOI: 10.1177/2150135112471351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We present a case report of a nine-year-old asymptomatic girl with a large cystic lesion of the left hemithorax, occupying almost 80% of the left hemithorax, first believed to be a parasitic cyst that was operated and proved to be of parietal pericardial origin. Mediastinal cysts and pericardial cysts in particular are mostly discovered accidentally and so was the case with our patient. The diagnosis included not only clinical examination but also the utilization of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The only treatment for pericardial cysts is surgical excision and patients recover fully with no complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Loggos
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Onassis Heart Center, Kalithea, Athens, Greece
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Abstract
A 72 year old man presented with progressive dysphagia. A poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma occluding the esophagus was diagnosed. The trachea was initially unaffected. This mode of presentation for a thyroid carcinoma is very uncommon.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Varsamidakis
- 1st Surgical Department, Athens General Hospital, Georgios Gennimatas, Greece.
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Kasparian A, Floros A, Gialafos E, Kanakis M, Tassiopoulos S, Kafasi N, Vaiopoulos G. Raynaud's phenomenon is correlated with elevated systolic pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2007; 16:505-8. [PMID: 17670849 DOI: 10.1177/0961203307080629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In patients with Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Raynaud phenomenon (RP) is frequently present and associated with pulmonary hypertension (PHT). Elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) is an indicator of PHT and can be estimated noninvasively. We attempt to explore the significance of RP in SLE and to correlate it with clinical and serological parameters of the disease. The study population consisted of 34 patients (age, sex and disease duration matched) who fulfilled the revised SLE criteria of the American College of Rheumatology, and were categorized into two groups: Group 1 had patients having SLE and RP (2 males/15 females, mean age 45 +/- 18 years) and group 2 had patients with SLE but without RP (3 males/14 females, mean age 40 +/- 14 years. Detailed cardiac ultrasound was performed including measurement of PASP, while clinical and serological features of both groups were collected and correlated. Significant differences were shown in the presence of arterial hypertension (P < 0.05), arthralgias (P < 0.005), arthritis (P < 0.05), myalgias (P < 0.05), alopecia (P < 0.05) and PASP (P < 0.0001). No difference was observed among the cardiac ultrasound indices and the ejection fraction between the two groups. PASP was significantly correlated with RP, while no correlation was observed regarding the disease duration. In patients with SLE, the presence of RP was associated with elevation in PASP. Further investigation is needed to clarify the significance of this relation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kasparian
- Department of Cardiology, Laikon General Hospital, Univ. of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Sideris P, Tassiopoulos S, Sakellaropoulos N, Androulaki A, Variami E, Gogas H, Kanakis M, Vaiopoulos G. Unusual radiological findings in a case of myelofibrosis secondary to polycythemia vera. Ann Hematol 2006; 85:555-6. [PMID: 16673126 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-006-0131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2005] [Accepted: 12/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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