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Abskharon R, Dang J, Elfarash A, Wang Z, Shen P, Zou LS, Hassan S, Wang F, Fujioka H, Steyaert J, Mulaj M, Surewicz WK, Castilla J, Wohlkonig A, Zou WQ. Soluble polymorphic bank vole prion proteins induced by co-expression of quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase in E. coli and their aggregation behaviors. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:170. [PMID: 28978309 PMCID: PMC5628483 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0782-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The infectious prion protein (PrPSc or prion) is derived from its cellular form (PrPC) through a conformational transition in animal and human prion diseases. Studies have shown that the interspecies conversion of PrPC to PrPSc is largely swayed by species barriers, which is mainly deciphered by the sequence and conformation of the proteins among species. However, the bank vole PrPC (BVPrP) is highly susceptible to PrPSc from different species. Transgenic mice expressing BVPrP with the polymorphic isoleucine (109I) but methionine (109M) at residue 109 spontaneously develop prion disease. Results To explore the mechanism underlying the unique susceptibility and convertibility, we generated soluble BVPrP by co-expression of BVPrP with Quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase (QSOX) in Escherichia coli. Interestingly, rBVPrP-109M and rBVPrP-109I exhibited distinct seeded aggregation pathways and aggregate morphologies upon seeding of mouse recombinant PrP fibrils, as monitored by thioflavin T fluorescence and electron microscopy. Moreover, they displayed different aggregation behaviors induced by seeding of hamster and mouse prion strains under real-time quaking-induced conversion. Conclusions Our results suggest that QSOX facilitates the formation of soluble prion protein and provide further evidence that the polymorphism at residue 109 of QSOX-induced BVPrP may be a determinant in mediating its distinct convertibility and susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romany Abskharon
- VIB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIFO), Cairo, 11516, Egypt.,Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Johnny Dang
- Departments of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ameer Elfarash
- Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assuit, 71516, Egypt
| | - Zerui Wang
- Departments of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.,The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingping Shen
- Departments of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.,The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lewis S Zou
- Departments of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sedky Hassan
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, New Valley Branch, El-Kharja, 72511, Egypt
| | - Fei Wang
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Hisashi Fujioka
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jan Steyaert
- VIB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mentor Mulaj
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Witold K Surewicz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Joaquín Castilla
- CIC bioGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Alexandre Wohlkonig
- VIB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, 1050, Brussels, Belgium. .,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Wen-Quan Zou
- Departments of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Departments of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,National Center for Regenerative Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Lin S, Lu S, Mulaj M, Fang B, Keeley T, Wan L, Hao J, Muschol M, Sun J, Yang S. Abstract 5333: Monoubiquitination inhibits the actin bundling activity of fascin. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-5333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fascin is the most frequently upregulated actin regulatory protein in metastatic tumors. The elevated expression levels of fascin universally correlate with poor clinical course and shorter survival across different cancer types. It is believed that fascin promotes cancer cell migration and invasion by crosslinking actin filaments into bundles. However, the molecular mehcanisms underlying the regulation of fascin bundling activity are not completely understood. In this study we examine the regulation of Fascin activity by monoubiquitination. IP and LC-MS/MS was used to identify the posttranslational modification of Fascin A novel chemical monoubiquitination method was employed to synthesize monoubiquitinated Fascin. The monoubiquitinated fascin was purified, and the effect of monoubiquitination on fascin bundling activity was determined using low speed sedimentation assay, fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Here we identified monoubiquitination as a novel mechanism that regulates fascin bundling activity and dynamics. The monoubiquitination sites were identified to be K247 and K250, two residues located in a positive charge patch at the actin binding site 2 (ABS2) of fascin. Using a chemical ubiquitination method, we synthesized chemically monoubiquitinated fascin (mUb-fascin) and determined the effects of monoubiquitination on fascin bundling activity and dynamics. Our data demonstrated that monoubiquitination decreased the fascin bundling EC50, delayed the initiation of bundle assembly and accelerated the disassembly of existing bundles. By analyzing the electrostatic properties on the solvent accessible surface of fascin, we proposed that monoubiquitination introduced steric hindrance to interfere with the interaction between actin filaments and the positively charged patch at ABS2. Mutation of the monoubiquitination sites (K247 and K 250) to arginine inhibited fascin monoubiquitination and enhanced pro-migration ability of fascin, supporting the notion that monoubiquitination inhibit fascin activity. We also identified Smurf1 as an E3 ligase regulating the monoubiquitination of fascin. Our findings revealed a previously unidentified regulatory mechanism for fascin, which will have important implications for the understanding of actin bundle regulation under physiological and pathological conditions.
Citation Format: Shengchen Lin, Shuang Lu, Mentor Mulaj, Bin Fang, Tyler Keeley, Lixin Wan, Jihui Hao, Martin Muschol, Jianwei Sun, Shengyu Yang. Monoubiquitination inhibits the actin bundling activity of fascin [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5333. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5333
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bin Fang
- 2Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | | | | | - Jihui Hao
- 4Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Jianwei Sun
- 5South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Lin S, Lu S, Mulaj M, Fang B, Keeley T, Wan L, Hao J, Muschol M, Sun J, Yang S. Monoubiquitination Inhibits the Actin Bundling Activity of Fascin. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:27323-27333. [PMID: 27879315 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.767640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fascin is an actin bundling protein that cross-links individual actin filaments into straight, compact, and stiff bundles, which are crucial for the formation of filopodia, stereocillia, and other finger-like membrane protrusions. The dysregulation of fascin has been implicated in cancer metastasis, hearing loss, and blindness. Here we identified monoubiquitination as a novel mechanism that regulates fascin bundling activity and dynamics. The monoubiquitination sites were identified to be Lys247 and Lys250, two residues located in a positive charge patch at the actin binding site 2 of fascin. Using a chemical ubiquitination method, we synthesized chemically monoubiquitinated fascin and determined the effects of monoubiquitination on fascin bundling activity and dynamics. Our data demonstrated that monoubiquitination decreased the fascin bundling EC50, delayed the initiation of bundle assembly, and accelerated the disassembly of existing bundles. By analyzing the electrostatic properties on the solvent-accessible surface of fascin, we proposed that monoubiquitination introduced steric hindrance to interfere with the interaction between actin filaments and the positively charged patch at actin binding site 2. We also identified Smurf1 as a E3 ligase regulating the monoubiquitination of fascin. Our findings revealed a previously unidentified regulatory mechanism for fascin, which will have important implications for the understanding of actin bundle regulation under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuang Lu
- From the Departments of Tumor Biology
| | | | - Bin Fang
- Proteomics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Tyler Keeley
- From the Departments of Tumor Biology.,the Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620
| | | | - Jihui Hao
- the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Martin Muschol
- Proteomics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Jianwei Sun
- From the Departments of Tumor Biology, .,the College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China, and
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Stehli D, Mulaj M, Miti T, Traina J, Foley J, Muschol M. Collapsed state of polyglutamic acid results in amyloid spherulite formation. Intrinsically Disord Proteins 2015; 3:e1056905. [PMID: 28232889 DOI: 10.1080/21690707.2015.1056905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of proteins and peptides into amyloid fibrils involves multiple distinct intermediates and late-stage fibrillar polymorphs. Understanding the conditions and mechanisms that promote the formation of one type of intermediate and polymorph over the other represents a fundamental challenge. Answers to this question are also of immediate biomedical relevance since different amyloid aggregate species have been shown to have distinct pathogenic potencies. One amyloid polymorph that has received comparatively little attention are amyloid spherulites. Here we report that self-assembly of the intrinsically disordered polymer poly(L-glutamic) acid (PLE) can generate amyloid spherulites. We characterize spherulite growth kinetics, as well as the morphological, optical and tinctorial features of this amyloid polymorph previously unreported for PLE. We find that PLE spherulites share both tinctorial and structural characteristics with their amyloid fibril counterparts. Differences in PLE's molecular weight, polydispersity or chemistry could not explain the selective propensity toward either fibril or spherulite formation. Instead, we provide evidence that PLE polymers can exist in either a collapsed globule or an extended random coil conformation. The collapsed globule consistently produces spherulites while the extended coil assembles into disordered fibril bundles. This results suggests that these 2 PLE conformers directly affect the morphology of the resulting macroscopic amyloid assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stehli
- Department of Physics; University of South Florida ; Tampa, FL USA
| | - Mentor Mulaj
- Department of Physics; University of South Florida ; Tampa, FL USA
| | - Tatiana Miti
- Department of Physics; University of South Florida ; Tampa, FL USA
| | - Joshua Traina
- Department of Physics; University of South Florida ; Tampa, FL USA
| | - Joseph Foley
- Department of Physics; University of South Florida ; Tampa, FL USA
| | - Martin Muschol
- Department of Physics; University of South Florida ; Tampa, FL USA
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Miti T, Mulaj M, Muschol M. Transition of Amyloid Oligomers to Mature Fibrils: Internal Conversion Vs. Competing Assembly Pathways? Biophys J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Mulaj M, Miti T, Muschol M. Self-Replication of Transthyretin Amyloid Aggregates from Native Tetramers in vitro. Biophys J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
Self-assembly of proteins into amyloid fibrils plays a key role in a multitude of human disorders that range from Alzheimer's disease to type II diabetes. Compact oligomeric species, observed early during amyloid formation, are reported as the molecular entities responsible for the toxic effects of amyloid self-assembly. However, the relation between early-stage oligomeric aggregates and late-stage rigid fibrils, which are the hallmark structure of amyloid plaques, has remained unclear. We show that these different structures occupy well-defined regions in a peculiar phase diagram. Lysozyme amyloid oligomers and their curvilinear fibrils only form after they cross a salt and protein concentration-dependent threshold. We also determine a boundary for the onset of amyloid oligomer precipitation. The oligomeric aggregates are structurally distinct from rigid fibrils and are metastable against nucleation and growth of rigid fibrils. These experimentally determined boundaries match well with colloidal model predictions that account for salt-modulated charge repulsion. The model also incorporates the metastable and kinetic character of oligomer phases. Similarities and differences of amyloid oligomer assembly to metastable liquid-liquid phase separation of proteins and to surfactant aggregation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Miti
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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Abstract
![]()
Self-assembly
of amyloid fibrils is the molecular mechanism best
known for its connection with debilitating human disorders such as
Alzheimer’s disease but is also associated with various functional
cellular responses. There is increasing evidence that amyloid formation
proceeds along two distinct assembly pathways involving either globular
oligomers and protofibrils or rigid monomeric filaments. Oligomers,
in particular, have been implicated as the dominant molecular species
responsible for pathogenesis. Yet the molecular mechanisms regulating
their self-assembly have remained elusive. Here we show that oligomers/protofibrils
and monomeric filaments, formed along distinct assembly pathways,
display critical differences in their ability to template amyloid
growth at physiological vs denaturing temperatures. At physiological
temperatures, amyloid filaments remained stable but could not seed
growth of native monomers. In contrast, oligomers and protofibrils
not only remained intact but were capable of self-replication using
native monomers as the substrate. Kinetic data further suggested that
this prion-like growth mode of oligomers/protofibrils involved two
distinct activities operating orthogonal from each other: autocatalytic
self-replication of oligomers from native monomers and nucleated polymerization
of oligomers into protofibrils. The environmental changes to stability
and templating competence of these different amyloid species in different
environments are likely to be important for understanding the molecular
mechanisms underlying both pathogenic and functional amyloid self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mentor Mulaj
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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Miti T, Mulaj M, Foley J, Muschol M. Phase Boundaries for Fibril and Metastable Oligomer Formation of Lysozyme. Biophys J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.3773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Mulaj M, Miti T, Foley J, Muschol M. Stable Amyloid Oligomers can Seed Fibril Growth Near Physiological Conditions. Biophys J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.3772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Foley J, Hill SE, Miti T, Mulaj M, Ciesla M, Robeel R, Persichilli C, Raynes R, Westerheide S, Muschol M. Structural fingerprints and their evolution during oligomeric vs. oligomer-free amyloid fibril growth. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:121901. [PMID: 24089713 PMCID: PMC3716784 DOI: 10.1063/1.4811343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Deposits of fibrils formed by disease-specific proteins are the molecular hallmark of such diverse human disorders as Alzheimer's disease, type II diabetes, or rheumatoid arthritis. Amyloid fibril formation by structurally and functionally unrelated proteins exhibits many generic characteristics, most prominently the cross β-sheet structure of their mature fibrils. At the same time, amyloid formation tends to proceed along one of two separate assembly pathways yielding either stiff monomeric filaments or globular oligomers and curvilinear protofibrils. Given the focus on oligomers as major toxic species, the very existence of an oligomer-free assembly pathway is significant. Little is known, though, about the structure of the various intermediates emerging along different pathways and whether the pathways converge towards a common or distinct fibril structures. Using infrared spectroscopy we probed the structural evolution of intermediates and late-stage fibrils formed during in vitro lysozyme amyloid assembly along an oligomeric and oligomer-free pathway. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed that both pathways produced amyloid-specific β-sheet peaks, but at pathway-specific wavenumbers. We further found that the amyloid-specific dye thioflavin T responded to all intermediates along either pathway. The relative amplitudes of thioflavin T fluorescence responses displayed pathway-specific differences and could be utilized for monitoring the structural evolution of intermediates. Pathway-specific structural features obtained from infrared spectroscopy and Thioflavin T responses were identical for fibrils grown at highly acidic or at physiological pH values and showed no discernible effects of protein hydrolysis. Our results suggest that late-stage fibrils formed along either pathway are amyloidogenic in nature, but have distinguishable structural fingerprints. These pathway-specific fingerprints emerge during the earliest aggregation events and persist throughout the entire cascade of aggregation intermediates formed along each pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Foley
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
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Muschol M, Hill SE, Ciesla M, Robeel R, Miti T, Foley J, Persichilli C, Mulaj M, Raynes R, Westerheide S. Structural Evolution of Oligomeric Vs. Oligomer-Free Amyloid Fibril Growth. Biophys J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.11.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Thomas JM, Alvarez W, Mulaj M, De Breucker S, Leeman M, Pepersack T. [Control of hypertension in nursing homes]. Rev Med Brux 2006; 27:S271-3. [PMID: 17091890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In a cross sectional study we determined prevalence of hypertension among institutionalized old subjects. Prevalence of hypertension was 69%. Among detected hypertensive patients, 76% received an antihypertensive drug treatment. 61% of the declared hypertensive patients and 80% of the treated hypertensive patients had their blood pressure controlled. The general practitioners should better detect and treat this common geriatric problem associated with a high comorbidity.
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