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Hood P, Maraun M, McMain SF, Kuo JR, Chapman AL. The role of mindfulness and emotion regulation in dialectical behavioral therapy for borderline personality disorder. Personal Disord 2024; 15:134-145. [PMID: 38059949 DOI: 10.1037/per0000640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite nearly 30 years of research demonstrating its effectiveness in the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and related problems, few studies have investigated mechanisms of change for dialectical behavior therapy (DBT; Linehan, 1993a). Improvements in mindfulness and emotion regulation have been highlighted as key potential mechanisms of change in DBT (Lynch et al., 2006). The present study examined the time course of and associations between mindfulness, emotion regulation, and BPD symptoms during DBT. Participants were 240 repeatedly and recently self-harming adults (Mage = 27.75) with BPD who were randomly assigned to receive either 6 or 12 months of standard DBT. Primary hypotheses were that: (a) changes in mindfulness would occur before changes in emotion regulation, and (b) changes in emotion regulation would mediate the association of changes in mindfulness with changes in BPD symptoms. Results from changepoint analysis illuminated the proportion of participants for whom first changes occurred in emotion regulation (40.7%), mindfulness (32.4%), or both (26.9%). Contrary to hypotheses, five-wave, cross-lagged analyses did not indicate mediational effects of either mindfulness or emotion regulation on the association of either variable with change in BPD symptoms. Supplemental analyses, however, suggested that changes in emotion regulation mediated the inverse association of changes in mindfulness with changes in BPD symptoms. Findings highlight patterns of change in key, proposed mechanisms of change in DBT and suggest important future research directions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Zellweger MJ, Haaf P, Maraun M, Osterhues HH, Keller U, Müller-Brand J, Jeger R, Pfister O, Brinkert M, Burkard T, Pfisterer M. Predictors and prognostic impact of silent coronary artery disease in asymptomatic high-risk patients with diabetes mellitus. Int J Cardiol 2017; 244:37-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Maraun
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Moritz Heene
- Learning Sciences Research Methodologies, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
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Lange K, Ziegler R, Neu A, Reinehr T, Daab I, Walz M, Maraun M, Schnell O, Kulzer B, Reichel A, Heinemann L, Parkin CG, Haak T. Optimizing insulin pump therapy: the potential advantages of using a structured diabetes management program. Curr Med Res Opin 2015; 31:477-85. [PMID: 25597225 DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2015.1006355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy improves glycemic control, reduces hypoglycemia and increases treatment satisfaction in individuals with diabetes. As a number of patient- and clinician-related factors can hinder the effectiveness and optimal usage of CSII therapy, new approaches are needed to address these obstacles. Ceriello and colleagues recently proposed a model of care that incorporates the collaborative use of structured SMBG into a formal approach to personalized diabetes management within all diabetes populations. We adapted this model for use in CSII-treated patients in order to enable the implementation of a workflow structure that enhances patient-physician communication and supports patients' diabetes self-management skills. We recognize that time constraints and current reimbursement policies pose significant challenges to healthcare providers integrating the Personalised Diabetes Management (PDM) process into clinical practice. We believe, however, that the time invested in modifying practice workflow and learning to apply the various steps of the PDM process will be offset by improved workflow and more effective patient consultations. This article describes how to implement PDM into clinical practice as a systematic, standardized process that can optimize CSII therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Lange
- Department of Medical Psychology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
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Zellweger MJ, Maraun M, Osterhues HH, Keller U, Müller-Brand J, Jeger R, Pfister O, Burkard T, Eckstein F, von Felten S, Osswald S, Pfisterer M. Progression to overt or silent CAD in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus at high coronary risk: main findings of the prospective multicenter BARDOT trial with a pilot randomized treatment substudy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 7:1001-10. [PMID: 25240454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate prevalence, progression, treatment, and outcome of silent coronary artery disease (CAD) in asymptomatic patients with diabetes (DM) at high coronary risk. BACKGROUND Despite the close association of diabetes and CAD, general CAD screening in asymptomatic patients with DM is discouraged even though outcome data in patients at high coronary risk are lacking. METHODS Prospective multicenter outcome study-with a pilot randomized treatment substudy. The study comprised 400 asymptomatic patients with DM (type 2) without history or symptoms of CAD at high CAD risk. They underwent clinical evaluation and myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (MPS) at baseline and after 2 years. Patients with normal MPS received usual care; those with abnormal MPS received medical or combined invasive and medical management. RESULTS An abnormal MPS was found in 87 of 400 patients (22%). In patients with normal MPS, MACE occurred in 2.9% and ischemia or new scar in 3.2%. Patients with abnormal MPS had more MACE (9.8%; hazard ratio: 3.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32 to 8.95; p = 0.011) and ischemia or new scar (34.2%; odds ratio: 15.91; 95% CI: 7.24 to 38.03; p < 0.001) despite therapy, resulting in "overt or silent CAD progression" of 35.6% versus 4.6% (odds ratio: 11.53; 95% CI: 5.63 to 24.70; p < 0.001). Patients with abnormal MPS randomized to medical versus invasive-medical strategies had similar event rates (p = 0.215), but more ischemic or new scar findings (54.3% vs. 15.8%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High-risk asymptomatic patients with DM and normal MPS (78%) have a low rate of first manifestations of CAD. Patients with abnormal MPS at baseline (22%) have a 7-fold higher rate of progression to "overt or silent CAD," despite therapy. Randomized patients' outcomes suggest that a combined invasive and medical strategy for silent CAD may reduce scintigraphic but not symptomatic CAD progression versus medical therapy alone. (Trial of Invasive versus Medical therapy of Early coronary artery disease in Diabetes Mellitus ISRCTN87953632).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Zellweger
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Ulrich Keller
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Müller-Brand
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raban Jeger
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Otmar Pfister
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thilo Burkard
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Eckstein
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie von Felten
- Clinical Trial Unit, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Osswald
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Pfisterer
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Abstract
In his article, "An alternative to null-hypothesis significance tests," Killeen (2005) urged the discipline to abandon the practice of p obs-based null hypothesis testing and to quantify the signal-to-noise characteristics of experimental outcomes with replication probabilities. He described the coefficient that he invented, prep, as the probability of obtaining "an effect of the same sign as that found in an original experiment" (Killeen, 2005, p. 346). The journal Psychological Science quickly came to encourage researchers to employ prep, rather than p obs, in the reporting of their experimental findings. In the current article, we (a) establish that Killeen's derivation of prep contains an error, the result of which is that prep is not, in fact, the probability that Killeen set out to derive; (b) establish that prep is not a replication probability of any kind but, rather, is a quasi-power coefficient; and (c) suggest that Killeen has mischaracterized both the relationship between replication probabilities and statistical inference, and the kinds of claims that are licensed by knowledge of the value assumed by the replication probability that he attempted to derive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Maraun
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
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Bezemer TM, Fountain MT, Barea JM, Christensen S, Dekker SC, Duyts H, van Hal R, Harvey JA, Hedlund K, Maraun M, Mikola J, Mladenov AG, Robin C, de Ruiter PC, Scheu S, Setälä H, Šmilauer P, van der Putten WH. Divergent composition but similar function of soil food webs of individual plants: plant species and community effects. Ecology 2010; 91:3027-36. [DOI: 10.1890/09-2198.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. M. Bezemer
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 8123, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M. T. Fountain
- Science Department, East Malling Research, East Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ United Kingdom
| | - J. M. Barea
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - S. Christensen
- Copenhagen University, Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Ø. Farimagsgade 2D, DK 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. C. Dekker
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Institute, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H. Duyts
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, The Netherlands
| | - R. van Hal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Institute, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J. A. Harvey
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, The Netherlands
| | - K. Hedlund
- Department of Ecology, Lund University, S 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - M. Maraun
- Georg August University of Goettingen, J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Animal Ecology, Berliner Strasse 28, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - J. Mikola
- Department of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland
| | - A. G. Mladenov
- Biodiversity Department, Central Laboratory of General Ecology, 2, Yurii Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - C. Robin
- Nancy Université, (INPL)-INRA, Agronomie et Environment, Nancy-Colmar, BP 172, F-54505 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - P. C. de Ruiter
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Institute, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Soil Centre, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - S. Scheu
- Georg August University of Goettingen, J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Animal Ecology, Berliner Strasse 28, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - H. Setälä
- Department of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland
| | - P. Šmilauer
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - W. H. van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 8123, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Kolassa R, Mühlen H, Maraun M, Rose L, Hellenkamp A, Eberlein G, Donaubauer B, Busch K, Häußler RU, Jung R, Göbel R, Jansen I, Semmler S, Kohn W, Schulze-Schleppinghof B, Sack A, Bonnermann S, Thomas A. Nutzung des kontinuierlichen Glukosemonitorings (CGM) zur Ausschöpfung des Bolusmanagements von modernen Insulinpumpen. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1253847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Heethoff M, Domes K, Laumann M, Maraun M, Norton RA, Scheu S. High genetic divergences indicate ancient separation of parthenogenetic lineages of the oribatid mite Platynothrus peltifer (Acari, Oribatida). J Evol Biol 2007; 20:392-402. [PMID: 17210032 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2006.01183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Theories on the evolution and maintenance of sex are challenged by the existence of ancient parthenogenetic lineages such as bdelloid rotifers and darwinulid ostracods. It has been proposed that several parthenogenetic and speciose taxa of oribatid mites (Acari) also have an ancient origin. We used nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I to estimate the age of the parthenogenetic oribatid mite species Platynothrus peltifer. Sixty-five specimens from 16 sites in North America, Europe and Asia were analysed. Seven major clades were identified. Within-clade genetic distances were below 2 % similar to the total intraspecific genetic diversity of most organisms. However, distances between clades averaged 56 % with a maximum of 125 %. We conclude that P. peltifer, as it is currently conceived, has existed for perhaps 100 million years, has an extant distribution that results from continental drift rather than dispersal and was subject to several cryptic speciations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Heethoff
- Abteilung für Evolutionsbiologie der Invertebraten, Zoologisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Schaefer I, Domes K, Heethoff M, Schneider K, Schön I, Norton RA, Scheu S, Maraun M. No evidence for the 'Meselson effect' in parthenogenetic oribatid mites (Oribatida, Acari). J Evol Biol 2006; 19:184-93. [PMID: 16405590 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00975.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that in ancient apomictic, nonrecombining lineages the two alleles of a single copy gene will become highly divergent as a result of the independent accumulation of mutations (Meselson effect). We used a partial sequence of the elongation factor-1alpha (ef-1alpha) and the heat shock protein 82 (hsp82) genes to test this hypothesis for putative ancient parthenogenetic oribatid mite lineages. In addition, we tested if the hsp82 gene is fully transcribed by sequencing the cDNA and we also tested if there is evidence for recombination and gene conversion in sexual and parthenogenetic oribatid mite species. The average maximum intra-specific divergence in the ef-1alpha was 2.7% in three parthenogenetic species and 8.6% in three sexual species; the average maximum intra-individual genetic divergence was 0.9% in the parthenogenetic and 6.0% in the sexual species. In the hsp82 gene the average maximum intra-individual genetic divergence in the sexual species Steganacarus magnus and in the parthenogenetic species Platynothrus peltifer was 1.1% and 1.2%, respectively. None of the differences were statistically significant. The cDNA data indicated that the hsp82 sequence is transcribed and intron-free. Likelihood permutation tests indicate that ef-1alpha has undergone recombination in all three studied sexual species and gene conversion in two of the sexual species, but neither process has occurred in any of the parthenogenetic species. No evidence for recombination or gene conversion was found for sexual or parthenogenetic oribatid mite species in the hsp 82 gene. There appears to be no Meselson effect in parthenogenetic oribatid mite species. Presumably, their low genetic divergence is due to automixis, other homogenizing mechanisms or strong selection to keep both the ef-1alpha and the hsp82 gene functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Schaefer
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Institut für Zoologie, Darmstadt, Germany
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Renker C, Otto P, Schneider K, Zimdars B, Maraun M, Buscot F. Oribatid mites as potential vectors for soil microfungi: study of mite-associated fungal species. Microb Ecol 2005; 50:518-28. [PMID: 16333718 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-005-5017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2005] [Accepted: 05/23/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability of soil-living oribatid mites to disperse fungal propagules on their bodies was investigated. Classical plating methods were applied to cultivate these fungi and to study their morphology. Molecular markers were used for further determination. The nuclear ribosomal large subunit and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer of DNA extracts of the cultured fungi as well as total DNA extracts of the mites themselves, also containing fungal DNA, were amplified and sequenced. Based on phylogenetic analysis, a total of 31 fungal species from major fungal groups were found to be associated with oribatid mites, indicating that mites do not selectively disperse specific species or species groups. The detected taxa were mainly saprobiontic, cosmopolitan (e.g., Alternaria tenuissima), but also parasitic fungi (Beauveria bassiana) for whose dispersal oribatid mites might play an important role. In contrast, no mycorrhizal fungi were detected in association with oribatid mites, indicating that their propagules are dispersed in a different way. In addition, fungi that are known to be a preferred food for oribatid mites such as the Dematiacea were not detected in high numbers. Results of this study point to the potential of oribatid mites to disperse fungal taxa in soil and indicate that co-evolutionary patterns between oribatid mites and their associated fungi might be rare or even missing in most cases, since we only detected ubiquitous taxa attached to the mites.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Renker
- Terrestrial Ecology, Institute of Botany, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 21, D-04103, Germany.
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