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Stuart SF, Curpen P, Gomes AJ, Lan MC, Nie S, Williamson NA, Kannourakis G, Morokoff AP, Achuthan AA, Luwor RB. Interleukin-11/IL-11 Receptor Promotes Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, and Invasion. Brain Sci 2024; 14:89. [PMID: 38248304 PMCID: PMC10813507 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is highly proliferative and invasive. However, the regulatory cytokine networks that promote glioblastoma cell proliferation and invasion into other areas of the brain are not fully defined. In the present study, we define a critical role for the IL-11/IL-11Rα signalling axis in glioblastoma proliferation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and invasion. We identified enhanced IL-11/IL-11Rα expression correlated with reduced overall survival in glioblastoma patients using TCGA datasets. Proteomic analysis of glioblastoma cell lines overexpressing IL-11Rα displayed a proteome that favoured enhanced proliferation and invasion. These cells also displayed greater proliferation and migration, while the knockdown of IL-11Rα reversed these tumourigenic characteristics. In addition, these IL-11Rα overexpressing cells displayed enhanced invasion in transwell invasion assays and in 3D spheroid invasion assays, while knockdown of IL-11Rα resulted in reduced invasion. Furthermore, IL-11Rα-overexpressing cells displayed a more mesenchymal-like phenotype compared to parental cells and expressed greater levels of the mesenchymal marker Vimentin. Overall, our study identified that the IL-11/IL-11Rα pathway promotes glioblastoma cell proliferation, EMT, and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah F. Stuart
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; (S.F.S.); (A.J.G.); (A.P.M.)
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia;
| | - Peter Curpen
- Townsville Hospital and Health Service, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4814, Australia;
| | - Adele J. Gomes
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; (S.F.S.); (A.J.G.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Michelle C. Lan
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; (S.F.S.); (A.J.G.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Shuai Nie
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (S.N.); (N.A.W.)
| | - Nicholas A. Williamson
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (S.N.); (N.A.W.)
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia;
- Federation University, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Andrew P. Morokoff
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; (S.F.S.); (A.J.G.); (A.P.M.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Adrian A. Achuthan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia;
| | - Rodney B. Luwor
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; (S.F.S.); (A.J.G.); (A.P.M.)
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia;
- Federation University, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
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Abstract
The effect of body tilting on physiological functions was studied in 32 healthy, full-term neonates at 2 and 24 h of age. The neonates were placed in the supine position and the physiological functions were measured in the sequence of -30 degrees (head-down), 0 degree and 30 degrees (head-up) tilts. Arterial oxygen saturation and respiratory rate were comparable in the vaginal delivery and caesarean section groups. The baroreceptor responses were similar in the neonates delivered vaginally and by caesarean section. Mean heart rate increased on 30 degrees up tilting and the responses tended to be larger at 24 h compared with those at 2 h of age, but these differences were not significant. At 2 h of age, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased on 30 degrees up tilting. At 24 h of age, mean systolic and diastolic pressures decreased on up tilting (from -30 degrees to 0 degree) and the values were sustained on further up tilting (from -0 degree to 30 degrees). The present results indicate that baroreceptor reflexes are present from birth and the responses tend to be less developed at 2 h than those at 24 h of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, Ts'u-Chi Buddhist General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China
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