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Brown HL, Selbe SM, Flesaker M, Rosellini AJ, Maple M, Gradus JL, Cerel J. The impact of relationship type and closeness on mental health following suicide loss. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024. [PMID: 38375945 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most research investigating the effect of suicide on loss survivors has been limited to first-degree family members. Few studies examine the impact of suicide on others outside the immediate family and the influence of relationship type and closeness on mental health. METHODS This study used data from a sample obtained through random digit dialing (n = 805) to assess exposure to suicide loss, relationship types, perceived closeness, and mental health symptoms (prolonged grief, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder). RESULTS Familial status, friend status, and higher perceived closeness were associated with prolonged grief, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder, with the strongest adjusted associations observed for posttraumatic stress disorder and prolonged grief. In general, the magnitude of adjusted standardized associations for closeness and mental health symptoms was stronger than those observed for familial status and mental health symptoms and friend status and mental health symptoms. CONCLUSION Closeness, familial status, and friend status are associated with mental health symptoms experienced after suicide loss, but the magnitude of associations was strongest for closeness. Future studies should examine perceived closeness in addition to other factors related to relationship type and dynamics to assess the complexities of suicide bereavement reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L Brown
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sophie M Selbe
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michelle Flesaker
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anthony J Rosellini
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Myfanwy Maple
- University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jaimie L Gradus
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julie Cerel
- College of Social Work, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Shu X, Zhou Q, Sun X, Flesaker M, Guo X, Long J, Robson ME, Shu XO, Zheng W, Bernstein JL. Associations between circulating proteins and risk of breast cancer by intrinsic subtypes: a Mendelian randomisation analysis. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:1507-1514. [PMID: 35882941 PMCID: PMC9553869 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01923-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aetiologic role of circulating proteins in the development of breast cancer subtypes is not clear. We aimed to examine the potential causal effects of circulating proteins on the risk of breast cancer by intrinsic-like subtypes within the Mendelian randomisation (MR) framework. METHODS MR was performed using summary statistics from two sources: the INTERVAL protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) Study (1890 circulating proteins and 3301 healthy individuals) and the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC; 106,278 invasive cases and 91,477 controls). The inverse-variance (IVW)-weighted method was used as the main analysis to evaluate the associations between genetically predicted proteins and the risk of five different intrinsic-like breast cancer subtypes and the weighted median MR method, the Egger regression, the MR-PRESSO, and the MRLocus method were performed as secondary analysis. RESULTS We identified 98 unique proteins significantly associated with the risk of one or more subtypes (Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate < 0.05). Among them, 51 were potentially specific to luminal A-like subtype, 14 to luminal B/Her2-negative-like, 11 to triple negative, 3 to luminal B-like, and 2 to Her2-enriched-like breast cancer (ntotal = 81). Associations for three proteins (ICAM1, PLA2R1 and TXNDC12) showed evident heterogeneity across the subtypes. For example, higher levels of genetically predicted ICAM1 (per unit of increase) were associated with an increased risk of luminal B/HER2-negative-like cancer (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.03-1.08, BH-FDR = 2.43 × 10-4) while inversely associated with triple-negative breast cancer with borderline significance (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-0.99, BH-FDR = 0.065, Pheterogeneity < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our study found potential causal associations with the risk of subtypes of breast cancer for 98 proteins. Associations of ICAM1, PLA2R1 and TXNDC12 varied substantially across the subtypes. The identified proteins may partly explain the heterogeneity in the aetiology of distinct subtypes of breast cancer and facilitate the personalised risk assessment of the malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Shu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Michelle Flesaker
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Program in Statistical & Data Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA
| | - Xingyi Guo
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mark E Robson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jonine L Bernstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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