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Jacques-Aviñó C, Alarcón Guitiérrez M, Barbera MJ, Fuertes I, Martin-Ezquerra G, Lopez-Contreras J, Vives Á, Rodriguez R, Ros M, Rius C, de Olalla PG. Epidemiological Characteristics and Factors Associated with Repeat Sexually Transmitted Infections in Barcelona, Spain Over a Decade. Arch Sex Behav 2024; 53:735-744. [PMID: 37875628 PMCID: PMC10844332 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02711-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, the frequency of sexually transmitted infections (STI) has increased, as has the number of people with multiple infections. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of persons with repeated bacterial STI and to determine the risk factors for these episodes in persons living in Barcelona during the period 2007-2018. We studied all cases of bacterial STI included in the STI registry of Barcelona. Repeated STI were defined as a diagnosis of gonorrhea, syphilis, or lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) after a first episode of one of these infections. Analysis was stratified by sex and place of birth. The factors associated with time to reinfection were determined by Kaplan-Meier estimates, while the factors associated with risk of infection were determined by a Cox proportional hazards model. Of 9927 persons with a diagnosis of bacterial STI, 1690 (17.0%) had at least two episodes of STI during the study period. On multivariate analysis, repeat STI were independently associated with male sex assigned at birth (HR: 3.45; 95%CI 2.22-5.36), age less than 34 years (HR: 1.22; 95%CI 1.10-1.35); gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men, and transgender o transsexual woman (GBSMS/Trans) (HR: 4.03; 95%CI 3.24-5.03), having gonorrhea as first diagnosis (HR:1.49, 95%CI 1.34-1.66) or LGV (HR:1.75; 95%CI 1.47-2.08) and coinfection with HIV (HR:1.98; 95%CI 1.78-2.21). Sexual health programs should be strengthened to prevent STI and reinfection in key populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Jacques-Aviñó
- Servei d'Epidemiologia, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina, Gran Via Corts Catalanes, 587, àtic, 08007, Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Bellaterra, Spain.
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel Alarcón Guitiérrez
- Servei d'Epidemiologia, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Bellaterra, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Barbera
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Fuertes
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Martin-Ezquerra
- Dermatology Department, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Lopez-Contreras
- Infectious Diseases Unit-Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Rodriguez
- Servei d'Epidemiologia, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Ros
- Servei d'Epidemiologia, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Rius
- Servei d'Epidemiologia, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Garcia de Olalla
- Servei d'Epidemiologia, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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