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Krumov MR, Lang S, Johnson L, Abruña HD. Operando Investigation of Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation, Dynamic Evolution, and Degradation During Lithium Plating/Stripping. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:47692-47703. [PMID: 37751476 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) dictates the stability and cycling performance of highly reactive battery electrodes. Characterization of the thin, dynamic, and environmentally sensitive nature of the SEI presents a formidable challenge, which calls for the use of microscopic, time-resolved operando methods. Herein, we employ scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) to directly probe the heterogeneous surface electronic conductivity during SEI formation and degradation. Complementary operando electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) and ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provide comprehensive analysis of the dynamic size and compositional evolution of the complex interfacial microstructure. We have found that stable anode passivation occurs at potentials of 0.5 V vs Li/Li+, even in cases where anion decomposition and interphase formation occur above 1.0 V. We investigated the bidirectional relationship between the SEI and lithium plating-stripping, finding that plating-stripping ruptures the SEI. The current efficiency of this reaction is correlated to the anodic stability of the SEI, highlighting the interdependent relationship between the two. We anticipate this work will provide critical insights on the rational design of stable and effective SEI layers for safe, fast-charging, and long-lifetime lithium metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihail R Krumov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Shuangyan Lang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lucas Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Héctor D Abruña
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Xu W, Lang S, Wang K, Zeng R, Li H, Feng X, Krumov MR, Bak SM, Pollock CJ, Yeo J, Du Y, Abruña HD. Fundamental mechanistic insights into the catalytic reactions of Li─S redox by Co single-atom electrocatalysts via operando methods. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadi5108. [PMID: 37585528 PMCID: PMC10431713 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi5108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries represent an attractive option for energy storage applications. A deeper understanding of the multistep lithium-sulfur reactions and the electrocatalytic mechanisms are required to develop advanced, high-performance batteries. We have systematically investigated the lithium-sulfur redox processes catalyzed by a cobalt single-atom electrocatalyst (Co-SAs/NC) via operando confocal Raman microscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The real-time observations, based on potentiostatic measurements, indicate that Co-SAs/NC efficiently accelerates the lithium-sulfur reduction/oxidation reactions, which display zero-order kinetics. Under galvanostatic discharge conditions, the typical stepwise mechanism of long-chain and intermediate-chain polysulfides is transformed to a concurrent pathway under electrocatalysis. In addition, operando cobalt K-edge XAS studies elucidate the potential-dependent evolution of cobalt's oxidation state and the formation of cobalt-sulfur bonds. Our work provides fundamental insights into the mechanisms of catalyzed lithium-sulfur reactions via operando methods, enabling a deeper understanding of electrocatalysis and interfacial dynamics in electrical energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Shuangyan Lang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Kaiyang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Rui Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Huiqi Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Xinran Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Mihail R. Krumov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Seong-Min Bak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher J. Pollock
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Wilson Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jingjie Yeo
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yonghua Du
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Héctor D. Abruña
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Krumov MR, Simpson BH, Counihan MJ, Rodríguez-López J. In Situ Quantification of Surface Intermediates and Correlation to Discharge Products on Hematite Photoanodes Using a Combined Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Approach. Anal Chem 2018; 90:3050-3057. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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