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Mowat A, Balbirsingh V, Sandhar P, Parekh M, Amlani A, Young B, Giblett N. Rigid bronchoscopy: a consultant survey. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024; 106:377-384. [PMID: 37843132 PMCID: PMC10981987 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2023.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inhalation of foreign bodies represents a potentially fatal emergency in both adults and children. Chest x-ray, in isolation, is neither sensitive nor specific. Rigid bronchoscopy represents the gold standard to diagnose and retrieve paediatric foreign bodies. Cases are encountered infrequently, creating anxieties about their management. Little is known about the confidence in, and maintenance of, rigid bronchoscopy skills by ear, nose and throat teams. METHODS A 15-question survey was completed by 50 practising otolaryngology consultants in England. RESULTS Results show that almost 40% of otolaryngology consultants covering rigid bronchoscopy have not performed bronchoscopy in more than 5 years. Consultants raised concerns about the anaesthetic support and the speed of equipment assembly. Questions on clinical practice showed disparities in practice in the same scenario. CONCLUSIONS The authors advocate addressing many of the issues raised by the study with a greater availability of simulation courses and regular scheduled intradepartmental teaching days for all professionals involved. National guidelines on criteria for transfer to tertiary centres would improve the consistency of practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mowat
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, UK
| | | | - P Sandhar
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, UK
| | - M Parekh
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, UK
| | - A Amlani
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, UK
| | - B Young
- Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, UK
| | - N Giblett
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, UK
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Challa A, Sirisha S, Khandelia H, Parekh M, Patil A, Jayalakshmi S. A case of eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis with concurrent central and peripheral nervous system involvement. Oxf Med Case Reports 2023; 2023:omad067. [PMID: 37484549 PMCID: PMC10359064 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omad067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis (EGPA) like other antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis has multisystemic involvement. It commonly manifests with prodromal pulmonary involvement as asthma, chronic sinusitis followed by systemic vasculitic complications associated with blood and tissue eosinophilia. Central nervous system manifestations at presentation are uncommon compared with peripheral nervous system involvement. Vasculitic neuropathy in EGPA commonly presents as mononeuritis multiplex but rarely as polyradiculopathy. Late onset EGPA often presents with systemic involvement, and early diagnosis is a key to prevent further complications. The neuropathy in late onset EGPA is often refractory to immunosuppression and corticosteroids treatment. We report a case of EGPA with late onset asthma presenting with acute infarct and demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that progressed with bulbar paralysis and profound dysautonomia. This illustrates simultaneous involvement of central and peripheral nervous system with EGPA. Autonomic dysfunction can occur in patients of EGPA with multisystem involvement, which may predict severe complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Challa
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Sai Sirisha
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Harsh Khandelia
- Department of Critical Medicine, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Mihir Parekh
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Anuja Patil
- Correspondence address. 26, 3rd floor, New Block, Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana 500003, India. Tel: +914044186352, +919970538440; E-mail:
| | - Sita Jayalakshmi
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
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Feng Y, Lv Y, Fu H, Parekh M, Rao AM, Wang H, Tai X, Yi X, Lin Y, Zhou J, Lu B. Co-activation for enhanced K-ion storage in battery anodes. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad118. [PMID: 37389185 PMCID: PMC10306327 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The relative natural abundance of potassium and potentially high energy density has established potassium-ion batteries as a promising technology for future large-scale global energy storage. However, the anodes' low capacity and high discharge platform lead to low energy density, which impedes their rapid development. Herein, we present a possible co-activation mechanism between bismuth (Bi) and tin (Sn) that enhances K-ion storage in battery anodes. The co-activated Bi-Sn anode delivered a high capacity of 634 mAh g-1, with a discharge plateau as low as 0.35 V, and operated continuously for 500 cycles at a current density of 50 mA g-1, with a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.2%. This possible co-activation strategy for high potassium storage may be extended to other Na/Zn/Ca/Mg/Al ion battery technologies, thus providing insights into how to improve their energy storage ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Feng
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yawei Lv
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hongwei Fu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Mihir Parekh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson Nanomaterials Institute, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29643, USA
| | - Apparao M Rao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson Nanomaterials Institute, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29643, USA
| | - He Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaolin Tai
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xianhui Yi
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yue Lin
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Jayalakshmi S, Patil A, Parekh M, Vooturi S, Madigubba S, Panigrahi M. Ictal bruxism in temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Epileptic Disord 2023; 25:434-436. [PMID: 36946360 DOI: 10.1002/epd2.20053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Content available: Video
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Jayalakshmi
- Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Anuja Patil
- Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Mihir Parekh
- Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Sudhindra Vooturi
- Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Sailaja Madigubba
- Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Manas Panigrahi
- Neurosurgery, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
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Jayalakshmi S, Patil A, Challa A, Parekh M, Khandelia H, Vooturi S. Determinants of mortality and long-term outcome in children with refractory and super refractory status epilepticus. J Clin Neurosci 2022; 97:12-16. [PMID: 35030458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate factors associated with progression of convulsive refractory status epilepticus(RSE) to super refractory status epilepticus(SRSE) and long term outcome in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this open cohort study, data of children admitted with convulsive RSE from 2010 to 2018 was retrospectively analyzed. The outcome at two years was graded according to the Glasgow outcome scale(GOS). RESULTS Fifty six children formed study population, 24 progressed to SRSE. The mean age of the study population was 9.38 ± 4.28(2-16) years. There was no significant difference for age between SRSE and RSE children (9.53 ± 4.50 years vs. 9.17 ± 4.06 years; p = 0.756). Acute symptomatic aetiology was the most common aetiology for RSE (57.1%) and SRSE (54.2%). There were no differences for aetiology between children who progressed to SRSE and those who did not. Mean length of stay in the NICU was 13.54 ± 17.53 days and children who progressed to SRSE had a longer length of stay in NICU (4.78 ± 3.03 days vs. 25.21 ± 21.77 days; p < 0.001). The mortality was 14.2%. Acidosis was more common in children who died (27.1% vs. 87.5%;p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the mortality between RSE and SRSE (9.4% vs. 20.8%; p = 0.268). At latest follow up 34 (60.7%) children had good outcome. Poor outcome was more common in children who progressed to SRSE(29.4% vs. 63.6%;p < 0.015). CONCLUSION Acute symptomatic etiology is more frequent in children with RSE and SRSE. Progression to SRSE did not significantly increase mortality but associated with poor GOS outcome. Encouragingly, 60% of children had good outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Jayalakshmi
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India.
| | - Anuja Patil
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Anusha Challa
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Mihir Parekh
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Harsh Khandelia
- Department of Neuro-critical Care, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
| | - Sudhindra Vooturi
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India
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Balabhadra A, Parekh M, Patil A, Jayalakshmi S. A Case of Drug-resistant Epilepsy Associated with Ring Chromosome 20. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2021; 24:805-807. [PMID: 35002161 PMCID: PMC8680879 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_1292_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anvesh Balabhadra
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mihir Parekh
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anuja Patil
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sita Jayalakshmi
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
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Borroni D, Parekh M, Rocha De Lossada C, Madathilethu S, Marino L, Romano V. Basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:947. [PMID: 31088608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Borroni
- Department of Doctoral Studies, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
- Corneal and External Eye Service, St. Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Parekh
- University College London - Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - C Rocha De Lossada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - S Madathilethu
- University of Liverpool, School of Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - L Marino
- Department of Doctoral Studies, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - V Romano
- Corneal and External Eye Service, St. Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
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PHATAK AG, Matheathew M, Dave NM, Parekh M, Pandya HV. Impact of Educational Intervention on Quality of Discharge Summaries. J Clin Diagn Res 2018. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2018/30042.11188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fry M, Teng C, Lee A, Sun W, Parekh M, Rajadas J, Beachy P, Epstein E, Tang J. LB783 Topical Itraconazole inhibits the Hedgehog signaling pathway and reduces tumor development and size in murine models. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Parekh M, Sheth S, Vaishnav B, Mangalampalli A. Delayed-type of hypersensitivity reaction due to piperacillin/tazobactam causing severe thrombocytopenia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5455/njppp.2016.6.12012016117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
The use of multimodal (speech plus manual) control of the sensors on combinations of one, two, three or five simulated unmanned vehicles (UVs) is explored. Novice controllers of simulated UVs complete a series of target checking tasks. Two experiments compare speech and gamepad control for one, two, three or five UVs in a simulated environment. Increasing the number of UVs has an impact on subjective rating of workload (measured by NASA-Task Load Index), particularly when moving from one to three UVs. Objective measures of performance showed that the participants tended to issue fewer commands as the number of vehicles increased (when using the gamepad control), but, while performance with a single UV was superior to that of multiple UVs, there was little difference across two, three or five UVs. Participants with low spatial ability (measured by the Object Perspectives Test) showed an increase in time to respond to warnings when controlling five UVs. Combining speech with gamepad control of sensors on UVs leads to superior performance on a secondary (respond-to-warnings) task (implying a reduction in demand) and use of fewer commands on primary (move-sensors and classify-target) tasks (implying more efficient operation). STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: Benefits of multimodal control for unmanned vehicles are demonstrated. When controlling sensors on multiple UVs, participants with low spatial orientation scores have problems. It is proposed that the findings of these studies have implications for selection of UV operators and suggests that future UV workstations could benefit from multimodal control.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Baber
- Electronic, Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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Parekh M, Majeed H, Khan T, Khan A, Khalid S, Khwaja N, Khalid R, Khan M, Rizqui I, Jehan I. Fc24-01 - Ego defense mechanisms in pakistani medical students: a cross sectional analysis. Eur Psychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73649-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundEgo defense mechanisms, defined by Freud as unconscious resources used by the ego to reduce conflict between the id and superego, are a reflection of how an individual deals with conflict and stress. Vaillants’ proposed Hierarchy of Defenses states that mature defenses are associated with better adaptive functioning and health, as opposed to immature defense which are correlated negatively with measures of adaptive adult functioning.ObjectivesThis study assesses the prevalence of various ego defense mechanisms employed by medical students of Karachi, which is a group with higher stress levels than the general population.MethodsA questionnaire based cross-sectional study was conducted on 682 students from five major medical colleges of Karachi in November 2006. Ego defense mechanisms were assessed using the Defense Style Questionnaire(DSQ-40) individually and as grouped under Mature, Immature, and Neurotic factors.ResultsNeurotic defenses had a higher mean score(5.62) than Mature(5.60) and Immature(4.78) mechanisms. Immature mechanisms were more commonly employed by males whereas females employed more Neurotic mechanisms than males. Neurotic and Immature defenses were significantly more prevalent in first and second year students. Mature mechanisms were significantly higher in students enrolled in Government colleges than Private institutions (p< 0.05).ConclusionsNeurotic mechanisms are more commonly encountered than Mature or Immature mechanisms among medical students of Karachi, and this could reflect greater stress levels than the general population. Employment of these mechanisms was associated with female gender, enrollment in a private medical college, and students enrolled in the first 2 years of medical school.
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Ghoniem G, Stanford E, Kenton K, Achtari C, Goldberg R, Mascarenhas T, Parekh M, Tamussino K, Tosson S, Lose G, Petri E. Evaluation and outcome measures in the treatment of female urinary stress incontinence: International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) guidelines for research and clinical practice. Int Urogynecol J 2008; 19:5-33. [PMID: 18026681 PMCID: PMC2096636 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-007-0495-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2007] [Accepted: 10/14/2007] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Ghoniem
- Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA.
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Nistor M, Don M, Parekh M, Sarsoza F, Goodus M, Lopez G, Kawas C, Leverenz J, Doran E, Lott I, Hill M, Head E. Alpha- and beta-secretase activity as a function of age and beta-amyloid in Down syndrome and normal brain. Neurobiol Aging 2006; 28:1493-506. [PMID: 16904243 PMCID: PMC3375834 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2005] [Revised: 05/09/2006] [Accepted: 06/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aged individuals with Down syndrome (DS) develop Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology by the age of 40 years. The purpose of the current study was to measure age-associated changes in APP processing in 36 individuals with DS (5 months-69 years) and in 26 controls (5 months-100 years). Alpha-secretase significantly decreased with age in DS, particularly in cases over the age of 40 years and was stable in controls. The levels of C-terminal fragments of APP reflecting alpha-secretase processing (CTF-alpha) decreased with age in both groups. In both groups, there was significant increase in beta-secretase activity with age. CTF-beta remained constant with age in controls suggesting compensatory increases in turnover/clearance mechanisms. In DS, young individuals had the lowest CTF-beta levels that may reflect rapid conversion of beta-amyloid (Abeta) to soluble pools or efficient CTF-beta clearance mechanisms. Treatments to slow or prevent AD in the general population targeting secretase activity may be more efficacious in adults with DS if combined with approaches that enhance Abeta degradation and clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Nistor
- Institute for Brain Aging & Dementia, CA, United States
| | - M. Don
- Institute for Brain Aging & Dementia, CA, United States
| | - M. Parekh
- Institute for Brain Aging & Dementia, CA, United States
| | - F. Sarsoza
- Institute for Brain Aging & Dementia, CA, United States
| | - M. Goodus
- Institute for Brain Aging & Dementia, CA, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of California, 1259 Gillespie NRF, Irvine, CA 92697-4540, United States
| | - G.E. Lopez
- Institute for Brain Aging & Dementia, CA, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of California, 1259 Gillespie NRF, Irvine, CA 92697-4540, United States
| | - C. Kawas
- Institute for Brain Aging & Dementia, CA, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of California, 1259 Gillespie NRF, Irvine, CA 92697-4540, United States
| | - J. Leverenz
- Neurology and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98108, United States
| | - E. Doran
- Institute for Brain Aging & Dementia, CA, United States
| | - I.T. Lott
- Institute for Brain Aging & Dementia, CA, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of California, 1259 Gillespie NRF, Irvine, CA 92697-4540, United States
| | - M. Hill
- Institute for Brain Aging & Dementia, CA, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of California, 1259 Gillespie NRF, Irvine, CA 92697-4540, United States
| | - E. Head
- Institute for Brain Aging & Dementia, CA, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of California, 1259 Gillespie NRF, Irvine, CA 92697-4540, United States
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 949 824 8700; fax: +1 949 824 2071. (E. Head)
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Serna A, Parekh M, Urbano M, Shaid Y, Gavin M, Qaseem T. 236 BARRIERS IMPACTING COMPLIANCE WITH SCREENING COLONOSCOPY IN HISPANICS AND NON-HISPANIC WHITES IN NEW MEXICO. J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl1-236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Parekh M, Drake HL, Daniel SL. Bidirectional transformation of aromatic aldehydes by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans under nitrate-dissimilating conditions. Lett Appl Microbiol 1996; 22:115-20. [PMID: 8936370 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.1996.tb01122.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 27774 was screened for reactivity against aromatic compounds during lactate-dependent, nitrate-dissimilating growth. Only aromatic aldehydes (benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin, iso-vanillin and o-vanillin) were reactive and, with the exception of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, were stimulatory to lactate-dependent growth. Aromatic aldehydes were transformed to their corresponding benzoate and benzyl alcohol derivatives, with the ratio of benzoate-to-benzyl alcohol derivatives being dependent upon lactate availability. In presence of lactate, aromatic aldehydes were primarily reduced to their corresponding benzyl alcohol derivatives; in the absence of lactate, aromatic aldehydes were mainly oxidized to their corresponding benzoate derivatives. In the absence of nitrate, 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde was neither reduced nor oxidized. These results indicate that D. desulfuricans is competent in the bidirectional transformation of aromatic aldehydes under nitrate-dissimilating conditions and that the direction of transformation (i.e. reduction or oxidation) is regulated by reductant availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Parekh
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, USA
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Parekh M, Keith ES, Daniel SL, Drake HL. Comparative evaluation of the metabolic potentials of different strains of Peptostreptococcus productus: utilization and transformation of aromatic compounds. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1992; 73:69-74. [PMID: 1521774 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1097(92)90585-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Three strains of Peptostreptococcus productus were tested for growth at the expense of methoxylated aromatic compounds. Strain M8A-18 (human fecal isolate) was unable to utilize methoxylated aromatic compounds. While the type strain ATCC 27340 (human septicemia isolate) was capable of minimal growth with methoxylated aromatic compounds, ATCC 35244 (sewage sludge isolate) displayed significant growth on methoxylated aromatic compounds. Methoxylated phenols, benzoates, benzyl alcohol and phenylacrylates supported the growth of ATCC 35244 and were O-demethylated to their respective hydroxylated derivatives. During O-methyl- or CO-dependent growth, the double bond of the acrylate side chain of certain methoxylated and non-methoxylated phenylacrylates was reduced. Although other aromatic substituent groups (-COOH and -CH3) were transformed during CO-dependent growth, in short-term growth studies, the aromatic ring was not subject to reduction or degradation. Of the three strains tested, only strain M8A-18 failed to grow at the expense of carbon monoxide (CO).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Parekh
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University
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Leo S, Rorat E, Parekh M. Primary malignant melanoma in a dermoid cyst of the ovary. Obstet Gynecol 1973; 41:205-10. [PMID: 4119291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Urschel HC, Razzuk MA, Wood RE, Parekh M, Paulson DL. Objective diagnosis (ulnar nerve conduction velocity) and current therapy of the thoracic outlet syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg 1971; 12:608-20. [PMID: 4331517 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(10)64797-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Gillespie RJ, Hartman JS, Parekh M. Solvent effects on the boron–fluorine coupling constant and on fluorine exchange in the tetrafluoroborate anion. CAN J CHEM 1968. [DOI: 10.1139/v68-268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The 11B—19F spin–spin coupling constant in AgBF4 is shown to have an opposite sign in water from that found in a number of organic solvents. Application of the hypothesis of Bell and Danyluk indicates that it has a positive sign in water. Evidence is presented for association, probably in the form of solvent-separated ion pairs, in aqueous LiBF4 and NaBF4 solutions, and for the formation of more tightly bound ion pairs in solvents of lower dielectric constant. In contrast, there apparently is no solute association in AgBF4 solutions in water, DMSO, DMF, or acetonitrile. The pronounced changes observed in the 11B—19F coupling constant support the postulate that its small size is a result of near cancellation of large opposing terms.The collapse of the 10B—11B isotope shift at high temperatures in the 19F spectra of solutions of AgBF4 in acetonitrile and in acetone provides evidence for exchange of fluorine among boron atoms; a mechanism is proposed for this process.
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