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de Jesus L, de Oliveira MC, Lopes DJ, da Silva Mello FP, de Faria Valle S, Pöppl ÁG. Applying children's enuresis treatment with amitriptyline for canine post-spaying urinary incontinence: A pilot estriol-controlled randomized clinical trial. Res Vet Sci 2024; 167:105118. [PMID: 38150943 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Urinary incontinence due to urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) affects up to 20% of bitches that undergo spaying surgery. Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant whose urinary retention is a reported side effect. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of amitriptyline when compared to estriol orally. Fifteen bitches with a clinical diagnosis of post-spaying UI were evaluated during 60 days in a non-blinded randomized clinical trial. All patients were enrolled after clinical evaluation consisting of anamnesis, physical examination, and complementary exams (complete blood count, biochemical parameters, urinalysis, and abdominal ultrasound). The amitriptyline (AMT) group consisted of 8 bitches, which received the initial dose of 1 mg/kg every 12 h, whereas the estriol (EST) group consisted of 7 bitches which were initially treated with 1 mg/animal every 24 h. Patients underwent clinical evaluation at 7 days, and then at 21 and 60 days of treatment to assess safety and efficacy, as well as adjustments of dose when necessary. A urinary incontinence scale was used to assess the level of incontinence and therapeutic response to treatment. During the period of the study, estriol was fully effective in 71% of cases and amitriptyline in 62%. Both drugs proved safe in the medical treatment of USMI, with adverse effects such as somnolence (AMT, n = 5/8) and male attraction (EST, n = 1/7). The results support the amitriptyline recommendation as a substitute for estriol in USMI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana de Jesus
- Veterinary Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 9090 Bento Gonçalves Av., Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Milena Cleff de Oliveira
- Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 9090 Bento Gonçalves Av., Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Daniela Jardim Lopes
- Veterinary Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 9090 Bento Gonçalves Av., Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Peixoto da Silva Mello
- Veterinary Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 9090 Bento Gonçalves Av., Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Stella de Faria Valle
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 9090 Bento Gonçalves Av., Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Álan Gomes Pöppl
- Veterinary Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 9090 Bento Gonçalves Av., Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil; Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 9090 Bento Gonçalves Av., Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil.
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Machado L, de Oliveira MC, Barbieri CR, Riboldi CI, Leotti VB, González FHD, Valle SDF, Siqueira FM, Pöppl ÁG. Clinical and microbiological characterization of subclinical bacteriuria and sporadic bacterial cystitis in dogs with spontaneous hypercortisolism. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 75:101624. [PMID: 33609989 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Study's aims were to characterize subclinical bacteriuria (SB) and sporadic bacterial cystitis (SBC) in dogs with spontaneous hypercortisolism (HC). Prospective cross-sectional design divided patients as newly diagnosed (n = 27), poorly controlled (n = 21), well controlled (n = 34), and controls (n = 19). Urine culture positive results were identified by MALDI-TOF and submitted to antibiogram. Escherichia coli was the most common microorganism (36%). The majority of positive cultures in HC were SB (12.2%). All 4.1% SBC cases were in well controlled HC cases. Bacteriuria correlated with low urine specific gravity and low lymphocyte count. HC degree of control correlated with leukocyturia. SB/SBC cases were treated based in antimicrobial susceptibility leading to microbiological cure in 75% of HC cases. Persistent infections occurred only in SB cases, all by E. coli which became more resistant. SB/SBC prevalence in canine HC is actually lower. Further evidence for current ISCAID guideline contraindication for SB treatment due to HC were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Machado
- Veterinary Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Milena Cleff de Oliveira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Ruga Barbieri
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Camila Impérico Riboldi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Bielefeldt Leotti
- Department of Statistics, Mathematics and Statistics Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Félix Hilário Díaz González
- Veterinary Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Stella de Faria Valle
- Veterinary Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Franciele Maboni Siqueira
- Veterinary Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Álan Gomes Pöppl
- Veterinary Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil; Department of Animal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91540-000, Brazil.
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