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Ciampelli C, Galleri G, Puggioni S, Fais M, Iannotta L, Galioto M, Becciu M, Greggio E, Bernardoni R, Crosio C, Iaccarino C. Inhibition of the Exocyst Complex Attenuates the LRRK2 Pathological Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12656. [PMID: 37628835 PMCID: PMC10454163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the major genetic cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). Multiple lines of evidence link LRRK2 to the control of vesicle dynamics through phosphorylation of a subset of RAB proteins. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are not fully elucidated. We have previously demonstrated that LRRK2 increases the exocyst complex assembly by Sec8 interaction, one of the eight members of the exocyst complex, and that Sec8 over-expression mitigates the LRRK2 pathological effect in PC12 cells. Here, we extend this analysis using LRRK2 drosophila models and show that the LRRK2-dependent exocyst complex assembly increase is downstream of RAB phosphorylation. Moreover, exocyst complex inhibition rescues mutant LRRK2 pathogenic phenotype in cellular and drosophila models. Finally, prolonged exocyst inhibition leads to a significant reduction in the LRRK2 protein level, overall supporting the role of the exocyst complex in the LRRK2 pathway. Taken together, our study suggests that modulation of the exocyst complex may represent a novel therapeutic target for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ciampelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.C.); (G.G.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Grazia Galleri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.C.); (G.G.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Silvia Puggioni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.C.); (G.G.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Milena Fais
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.C.); (G.G.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Lucia Iannotta
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.I.); (E.G.)
| | - Manuela Galioto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.C.); (G.G.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Marta Becciu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.C.); (G.G.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Elisa Greggio
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.I.); (E.G.)
| | - Roberto Bernardoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Claudia Crosio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.C.); (G.G.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Ciro Iaccarino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.C.); (G.G.); (S.P.); (M.F.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (C.C.)
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Marchesi I, Fais M, Fiorentino FP, Bordoni V, Sanna L, Zoroddu S, Bagella L. Bromodomain Inhibitor JQ1 Provides Novel Insights and Perspectives in Rhabdomyosarcoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073581. [PMID: 35408939 PMCID: PMC8998669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common type of pediatric soft tissue sarcoma. It is classified into two main subtypes: embryonal (eRMS) and alveolar (aRMS). MYC family proteins are frequently highly expressed in RMS tumors, with the highest levels correlated with poor prognosis. A pharmacological approach to inhibit MYC in cancer cells is represented by Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal motif (BET) protein inhibitors. In this paper, we evaluated the effects of BET inhibitor (+)-JQ1 (JQ1) on the viability of aRMS and eRMS cells. Interestingly, we found that the drug sensitivity of RMS cell lines to JQ1 was directly proportional to the expression of MYC. JQ1 induces G1 arrest in cells with the highest steady-state levels of MYC, whereas apoptosis is associated with MYC downregulation. These findings suggest BET inhibition as an effective strategy for the treatment of RMS alone or in combination with other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Marchesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.M.); (M.F.); (F.P.F.); (V.B.); (L.S.); (S.Z.)
- Kitos Biotech Srls, Tramariglio, 07041 Alghero, Italy
| | - Milena Fais
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.M.); (M.F.); (F.P.F.); (V.B.); (L.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Francesco Paolo Fiorentino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.M.); (M.F.); (F.P.F.); (V.B.); (L.S.); (S.Z.)
- Kitos Biotech Srls, Tramariglio, 07041 Alghero, Italy
| | - Valentina Bordoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.M.); (M.F.); (F.P.F.); (V.B.); (L.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Luca Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.M.); (M.F.); (F.P.F.); (V.B.); (L.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Stefano Zoroddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.M.); (M.F.); (F.P.F.); (V.B.); (L.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Luigi Bagella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.M.); (M.F.); (F.P.F.); (V.B.); (L.S.); (S.Z.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Correspondence:
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Fais M, Sanna G, Galioto M, Nguyen TTD, Trần MUT, Sini P, Carta F, Turrini F, Xiong Y, Dawson TM, Dawson VL, Crosio C, Iaccarino C. LRRK2 Modulates the Exocyst Complex Assembly by Interacting with Sec8. Cells 2021; 10:203. [PMID: 33498474 PMCID: PMC7909581 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in LRRK2 play a critical role in both familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). Up to date, the role of LRRK2 in PD onset and progression remains largely unknown. However, experimental evidence highlights a critical role of LRRK2 in the control of vesicle trafficking, likely by Rab phosphorylation, that in turn may regulate different aspects of neuronal physiology. Here we show that LRRK2 interacts with Sec8, one of eight subunits of the exocyst complex. The exocyst complex is an evolutionarily conserved multisubunit protein complex mainly involved in tethering secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane and implicated in the regulation of multiple biological processes modulated by vesicle trafficking. Interestingly, Rabs and exocyst complex belong to the same protein network. Our experimental evidence indicates that LRRK2 kinase activity or the presence of the LRRK2 kinase domain regulate the assembly of exocyst subunits and that the over-expression of Sec8 significantly rescues the LRRK2 G2019S mutant pathological effect. Our findings strongly suggest an interesting molecular mechanism by which LRRK2 could modulate vesicle trafficking and may have important implications to decode the complex role that LRRK2 plays in neuronal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Fais
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.S.); (M.G.); (T.T.D.N.); (M.U.T.T.); (P.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Giovanna Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.S.); (M.G.); (T.T.D.N.); (M.U.T.T.); (P.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Manuela Galioto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.S.); (M.G.); (T.T.D.N.); (M.U.T.T.); (P.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Thi Thanh Duyen Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.S.); (M.G.); (T.T.D.N.); (M.U.T.T.); (P.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Mai Uyên Thi Trần
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.S.); (M.G.); (T.T.D.N.); (M.U.T.T.); (P.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Paola Sini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.S.); (M.G.); (T.T.D.N.); (M.U.T.T.); (P.S.); (C.C.)
| | | | - Franco Turrini
- Nurex Srl, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.C.); (F.T.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Yulan Xiong
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (Y.X.); (T.M.D.); (V.L.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ted M. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (Y.X.); (T.M.D.); (V.L.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Valina L. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (Y.X.); (T.M.D.); (V.L.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Claudia Crosio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.S.); (M.G.); (T.T.D.N.); (M.U.T.T.); (P.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Ciro Iaccarino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.S.); (M.G.); (T.T.D.N.); (M.U.T.T.); (P.S.); (C.C.)
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Sanna S, Esposito S, Masala A, Sini P, Nieddu G, Galioto M, Fais M, Iaccarino C, Cestra G, Crosio C. HDAC1 inhibition ameliorates TDP-43-induced cell death in vitro and in vivo. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:369. [PMID: 32409664 PMCID: PMC7224392 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
TDP-43 pathology is a disease hallmark that characterizes both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP). TDP-43 undergoes several posttranslational modifications that can change its biological activities and its aggregative propensity, which is a common hallmark of different neurodegenerative conditions. New evidence is provided by the current study pointing at TDP-43 acetylation in ALS cellular models. Using both in vitro and in vivo approaches, we demonstrate that TDP-43 interacts with histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) via RRM1 and RRM2 domains, that are known to contain the two major TDP-43 acetylation sites, K142 and K192. Moreover, we show that TDP-43 is a direct transcriptional activator of CHOP promoter and this activity is regulated by acetylation. Finally and most importantly, we observe both in cell culture and in Drosophila that a HDCA1 reduced level (genomic inactivation or siRNA) or treatment with pan-HDAC inhibitors exert a protective role against WT or pathological mutant TDP-43 toxicity, suggesting TDP-43 acetylation as a new potential therapeutic target. HDAC inhibition efficacy in neurodegeneration has long been debated, but future investigations are warranted in this area. Selection of more specific HDAC inhibitors is still a promising option for neuronal protection especially as HDAC1 appears as a downstream target of both TDP- 43 and FUS, another ALS-related gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sonia Esposito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Masala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Sini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gabriele Nieddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Manuela Galioto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Milena Fais
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciro Iaccarino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gianluca Cestra
- Istitute of Molecular Biology and Pathology-National Research Council at Department of Biology and Biotechnology-Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, P.Le A.Moro 5, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Crosio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, I-07100, Sassari, Italy.
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Rassu M, Biosa A, Galioto M, Fais M, Sini P, Greggio E, Piccoli G, Crosio C, Iaccarino C. Levetiracetam treatment ameliorates LRRK2 pathological mutant phenotype. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:8505-8510. [PMID: 31560168 PMCID: PMC6850958 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common genetic cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). The LRRK2 physiological and pathological function is still debated. However, different experimental evidence based on LRRK2 cellular localization and LRRK2 protein interactors suggests that LRRK2 may be part and regulate a protein network modulating vesicle dynamics/trafficking. Interestingly, the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A is part of this protein complex. Importantly, SV2A is the binding site of the levetiracetam (LEV), a compound largely used in human therapy for epilepsy treatment. The binding of LEV to SV2A reduces the neuronal firing by the modulation of vesicle trafficking although by an unclear molecular mechanism. In this short communication, we have analysed the interaction between the LRRK2 and SV2A pathways by LEV treatment. Interestingly, LEV significantly counteracts the effect of LRRK2 G2019S pathological mutant expression in three different cellular experimental models. Our data strongly suggest that LEV treatment may have a neuroprotective effect on LRRK2 pathological mutant toxicity and that LEV repositioning could be a viable compound for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Rassu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alice Biosa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Manuela Galioto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Milena Fais
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Sini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Elisa Greggio
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Claudia Crosio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciro Iaccarino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Marchesi I, Sanna L, Fais M, Fiorentino FP, Giordano A, Bagella L. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and EZH2 inhibition: A novel approach for promoting myogenic differentiation in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2360-2365. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Marchesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Sassari; Sassari Italy
| | - Luca Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Sassari; Sassari Italy
| | - Milena Fais
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Sassari; Sassari Italy
| | | | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine; Center for Biotechnology; College of Science and Technology; Temple University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine; Surgery and Neuroscience; University of Siena; Siena Italy
| | - Luigi Bagella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Sassari; Sassari Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine; Center for Biotechnology; College of Science and Technology; Temple University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
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Gianguzza F, Di Bernardo MG, Fais M, Palla F, Casano C, Russo R, Spinelli G. Sequence and expression of Paracentrotus lividus alpha tubulin gene. Nucleic Acids Res 1990; 18:4915. [PMID: 2395653 PMCID: PMC331980 DOI: 10.1093/nar/18.16.4915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Gianguzza
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Palermo, Italy
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Di Bernardo MG, Gianguzza F, Ciaccio M, Palla F, Colombo P, Di Blasi F, Fais M, Spinelli G. Nucleotide sequence of a full length cDNA clone encoding for beta-tubulin of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Nucleic Acids Res 1989; 17:5851. [PMID: 2762163 PMCID: PMC318214 DOI: 10.1093/nar/17.14.5851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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