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Sauvadet M, Trap J, Damour G, Plassard C, Van den Meersche K, Achard R, Allinne C, Autfray P, Bertrand I, Blanchart E, Deberdt P, Enock S, Essobo JD, Freschet GT, Hedde M, de Melo Virginio Filho E, Rabary B, Rakotoarivelo M, Randriamanantsoa R, Rhino B, Ripoche A, Rosalie E, Saj S, Becquer T, Tixier P, Harmand JM. Agroecosystem diversification with legumes or non-legumes improves differently soil fertility according to soil type. Sci Total Environ 2021; 795:148934. [PMID: 34328927 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant diversification through crop rotation or agroforestry is a promising way to improve sustainability of agroecosystems. Nonetheless, criteria to select the most suitable plant communities for agroecosystems diversification facing contrasting environmental constraints need to be refined. Here, we compared the impacts of 24 different plant communities on soil fertility across six tropical agroecosystems: either on highly weathered Ferralsols, with strong P limitation, or on partially weathered soils derived from volcanic material, with major N limitation. In each agroecosystem, we tested several plant communities for diversification, as compared to a matching low diversity management for their cropping system. Plant residue restitution, N, P and lignin contents were measured for each plant community. In parallel, the soil under each community was analyzed for organic C and N, inorganic N, Olsen P, soil pH and nematode community composition. Soil potential fertility was assessed with plant bioassays under greenhouse controlled climatic conditions. Overall, plant diversification had a positive effect on soil fertility across all sites, with contrasting effects depending on soil type and legumes presence in the community. Communities with legumes improved soil fertility indicators of volcanic soils, which was demonstrated through significantly higher plant biomass production in the bioassays (+18%) and soil inorganic N (+26%) compared to the low diversity management. Contrastingly, communities without legumes were the most beneficial in Ferralsols, with increases in plant biomass production in the bioassays (+39%), soil Olsen P (+46%), soil C (+26%), and pH (+5%). Piecewise structural equation models with Shipley's test revealed that plant diversification impacts on volcanic soil fertility were related to soil N availability, driven by litter N. Meanwhile, Ferralsols fertility was related to soil P availability, driven by litter P. These findings underline the importance of multifactorial and multi-sites experiments to inform trait-based frameworks used in designing optimal plant diversification in agroecological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Sauvadet
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France; Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
| | - Jean Trap
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Gaëlle Damour
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Claude Plassard
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Karel Van den Meersche
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CATIE (Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center), Turrialba 7170, Costa Rica
| | - Raphaël Achard
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-97285 Le Lamentin, Martinique, France
| | - Clémentine Allinne
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CATIE (Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center), Turrialba 7170, Costa Rica; SYSTEM, Univ Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrice Autfray
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR AIDA, BP 110 Antsirabe, Madagascar; FOFIFA SRR, BP 230 Antsirabe, Madagascar
| | - Isabelle Bertrand
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Blanchart
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Péninna Deberdt
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR HORTSYS, F-97285 Le Lamentin, France
| | - Séguy Enock
- ICRAF (World Agroforestry), West and Central Africa Regional Program, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jean-Daniel Essobo
- ICRAF (World Agroforestry), West and Central Africa Regional Program, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Grégoire T Freschet
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, F-09200 Moulis, France; CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Institut Agro, INRAE, F-34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Mickaël Hedde
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Miora Rakotoarivelo
- Université d'Antananarivo, Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques, BP 175 Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Béatrice Rhino
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR HORTSYS, F-97285 Le Lamentin, France
| | - Aude Ripoche
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR AIDA, BP 110 Antsirabe, Madagascar; FOFIFA SRR, BP 230 Antsirabe, Madagascar
| | - Elisabeth Rosalie
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-97285 Le Lamentin, Martinique, France
| | - Stéphane Saj
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; SYSTEM, Univ Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; ICRAF (World Agroforestry), West and Central Africa Regional Program, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Thierry Becquer
- Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Tixier
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR GECO, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Harmand
- Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, F-34398 Montpellier, France; ICRAF (World Agroforestry), West and Central Africa Regional Program, Yaounde, Cameroon
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