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Oros Ruiz M, Perejón López D, Serna Arnaiz C, Siscart Viladegut J, Àngel Baldó J, Sol J. Maternal and foetal complications of pregestational and gestational diabetes: a descriptive, retrospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9017. [PMID: 38641705 PMCID: PMC11031602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes is characterized by hyperglycaemia diagnosed during pregnancy. Gestational and pregestational diabetes can have deleterious effects during pregnancy and perinatally. The baby's weight is frequently above average and might reach macrosomia (≥ 4 kg), which can reduce pregnancy time causing preterm births, and increase foetal-pelvic disproportion which often requires delivery by caesarean section. Foetal-pelvic disproportion due to the baby's weight can also cause foetal distress resulting in lower Apgar scores. To analyse the association between pregestational and gestational diabetes with maternal and foetal risk. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in women pregnant between 2012 and 2018 in the region of Lleida. Regression coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used. The multivariate analysis showed statistically significant associations between pregestational diabetes and: prematurity (OR 2.4); caesarean section (OR 1.4); moderate (OR 1.3), high (OR 3.3) and very high (OR 1.7) risk pregnancies; and birth weight ≥ 4000 g (macrosomia) (OR 1.7). In getational diabetes the multivariate analysis show significant association with: caesarean section (OR 1.5); moderate (OR 1.7), high (OR 1.7) and very high (OR 1.8) risk pregnancies and lower 1-minuto Apgar score (OR 1.5). Pregestational and gestational diabetes increase: pregnancy risk, caesarean sections, prematurity, low Apgar scores, and macrosomia.
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Seabra HF, Campello AC, Chagas EFG, Martins LPA, Suzuki RB, Ruiz MO, Donadi EA, Baleoti W. The role of cholinesterases in chagas disease. Parasitol Int 2022; 92:102659. [PMID: 36029960 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2022.102659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) hydrolyze acetylcholine (ACh) in neural synaptic clefts and are primarily found in erythrocytes and blood plasma, respectively. Besides inactivating ACh, cholinesterases may play a non-classical role in inflammation and in immune response. In a previous study, we reported that BChE levels were decreased in chronic Chagas disease patients presenting the mega syndromes. In this series, we reported that: i) the activity of AChE did not differ between patients and controls, irrespective of the presence or not of the 1057C > A ACHE polymorphism, and ii) the increased BChE levels modestly influenced the AChE activity in Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Seabra
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Marília Medical School, Marília, SP 17519-030, Brazil
| | - A C Campello
- Department of Parasitology, Marília Medical School, Marília, SP 17519-030, Brazil
| | - E F G Chagas
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation and Interdisciplinary Center on Diabetes (CENID), University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília, SP 17525-902, Brazil
| | - L P A Martins
- Department of Parasitology, Marília Medical School, Marília, SP 17519-030, Brazil
| | - R B Suzuki
- University of Marília, SP 17525-902, Brazil
| | - M O Ruiz
- Laboratório Diagnósticos do Brasil (DB), Curitiba, Paraná 80050-350, Brazil
| | - E A Donadi
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - W Baleoti
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Marília Medical School, Marília, SP 17519-030, Brazil.
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Diez V, Iglesias A, Cámara JM, Ruiz MO, Ramos C. A novel anaerobic filter membrane bioreactor: prototype start-up and filtration assays. Water Sci Technol 2018; 78:1833-1842. [PMID: 30566087 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion allows efficient treatment of high loaded wastewater, and membrane technology allows obtaining high quality effluents with complete biomass retention. However, high biomass concentration interferes with membrane fouling. In the present work, a new bioreactor that integrates an attached biomass anaerobic culture on a fixed bed and a submerged membrane has been started up. The recirculation between the digestion and filtration chambers is coupled to the gas-lift effect of the bubbling employed for the scouring of the membranes, avoiding the use or electromechanical pumps that damage the suspended biomass. The support material retains the biomass in the digestion tank despite the downwards flow, avoiding the submerged membrane contacting with a high concentrated suspension. This novel system, called an anaerobic filter membrane bioreactor was immediately started up, achieving chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies of 96% at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 7 kg COD/m3·d. In order to select filtration flux, specific gas demand and filtration cycle duration, the results of 15 short term assays, eight hours for each one, is presented for fluxes between 15.7 and 17.7 L/m2·h, cycle duration between 10 and 30 minutes, and three levels of scouring. It was checked that reversible and irreversible fouling were directly related when dTMP/dt > 2.5 mbar/min.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Diez
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Chemical Engineering Division, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001 Burgos, Spain E-mail:
| | - A Iglesias
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Chemical Engineering Division, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001 Burgos, Spain E-mail:
| | - J M Cámara
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Electronics Technology Division, University of Burgos, Avda. Cantabria s/n, 09006 Burgos, Spain
| | - M O Ruiz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Chemical Engineering Division, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001 Burgos, Spain E-mail:
| | - C Ramos
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Chemical Engineering Division, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001 Burgos, Spain E-mail:
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Shand L, Brown WM, Chaves LF, Goldberg TL, Hamer GL, Haramis L, Kitron U, Walker ED, Ruiz MO. Predicting West Nile Virus Infection Risk From the Synergistic Effects of Rainfall and Temperature. J Med Entomol 2016; 53:935-944. [PMID: 27113111 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjw042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Mosquito-based surveillance is a practical way to estimate the risk of transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) to people. Variations in temperature and precipitation play a role in driving mosquito infection rates and transmission of WNV, motivating efforts to predict infection rates based on prior weather conditions. Weather conditions and sequential patterns of meteorological events can have particularly important, but regionally distinctive, consequences for WNV transmission, with high temperatures and low precipitation often increasing WNV mosquito infection. Predictive models that incorporate weather can thus be used to provide early indications of the risk of WNV infection. The purpose of this study was first, to assess the ability of a previously published model of WNV mosquito infection to predict infection for an area within the region for which it was developed, and second, to improve the predictive ability of this model by incorporating new weather factors that may affect mosquito development. The legacy model captured the primary trends in mosquito infection, but it was improved considerably when calibrated with local mosquito infection rates. The use of interaction terms between precipitation and temperature improved model performance. Specifically, temperature had a stronger influence than rainfall, so that lower than average temperature greatly reduced the effect of low rainfall on increased infection rates. When rainfall was lower, high temperature had an even stronger positive impact on infection rates. The final model is practical, stable, and operationally valid for predicting West Nile virus infection rates in future weeks when calibrated with local data.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Shand
- Department of Statistics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 ,
| | - W M Brown
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 (; )
| | - L F Chaves
- Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - T L Goldberg
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
| | - G L Hamer
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - L Haramis
- Division of Environmental Health, Illinois Department of Public Health, Springfield, IL 62761
| | - U Kitron
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - E D Walker
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 , and
| | - M O Ruiz
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 (; ),
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Mainardi-Novo DTO, Santos AS, Fukui RT, Gamberini M, Correia MRS, Ruiz MO, Mangueira CLP, Matioli SR, Vasconcelos DM, Silva MER. The PTPN22 1858T allele but not variants in the proximal promoter region of IL-21 gene is associated with the susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and the presence of autoantibodies in a Brazilian cohort. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 172:16-22. [PMID: 23480181 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-21 and protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 (PTPN22) regulate lymphocyte function and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes. We sequenced the proximal promoter of the IL-21 gene for the first time and analysed the PTPN22 1858T polymorphism in type 1A diabetes (T1AD) patients and healthy controls (HC). We correlated the frequencies of islet and extra-pancreatic autoantibodies with genotypes from both loci. The case series comprised 612 T1AD patients and 792 HC. Genotyping of PTPN22 C1858T was performed on 434 T1AD patients and 689 HC. The -448 to +83 base pairs (bp) region of the IL-21 gene was sequenced in 309 Brazilian T1AD and 189 HC subjects. We also evaluated human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DR3/DR4 alleles. The frequencies of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (IA)-2, anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroglobulin (TG), thyrotrophin receptor autoantibody (TRAb), anti-smooth muscle (ASM) and 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) autoantibodies were higher in T1AD patients than in HC. The PTPN22 1858T allele was associated with an increased risk for developing T1AD [odds ratio (OR) = 1·94; P < 0·001], particularly in patients of European ancestry, and with a higher frequency of GAD65 and TG autoantibodies. HLA-DR3/DR4 alleles predominated in T1AD patients. A heterozygous allelic IL-21 gene variant (g.-241 T > A) was found in only one patient. In conclusion, only PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism and HLA-DR3 and/or DR4 alleles, but not allelic variants in the 5'-proximal region of the IL-21 gene were associated with T1AD risk. Patients with T1AD had increased frequencies of anti-islet-cell, anti-thyroid, anti-nuclear, anti-smooth muscle and anti-21-OH autoantibodies. The C1858T PTPN22 polymorphism was also associated with a higher frequency of GAD65 and TG autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T O Mainardi-Novo
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 18 (LIM-18), Hospital das Clínicas-Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Unidade de Diabetes, São Paulo, Brazil
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