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Bilska-Zajac E, Tonanzi D, Pozio E, Rozycki M, Cencek T, Thompson PC, Rosenthal BM, La Rosa G. Genetic evidence substantiates transmission of Trichinella spiralis from one swine farm to another. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:359. [PMID: 34243814 PMCID: PMC8268521 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04861-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichinella spiralis ranks seventh in the risk posed by foodborne parasites. It causes most human cases of trichinellosis and is the most frequent cause of Trichinella outbreaks on pig farms and in wild boar, worldwide. Veterinary inspectors seek the source of outbreaks in hopes of limiting the spread. Established molecular tools are inadequate for distinguishing among potential T. spiralis infection sources because genetic variability in these zoonotic pathogens is limited in Europe. Microsatellite markers proved successful in tracing an outbreak of T. britovi, a related parasite harboring much more genetic variation. Here, we successfully employed microsatellite markers to determine the genetic structure of T. spiralis isolates from two pig outbreaks, discovering notable uniformity among parasites within each farm and discovering an epidemiological link between these two outbreaks. METHODS The individual larvae from five isolates of T. spiralis from two pig farms and from ten wild boars were genotyped using nine microsatellite markers to examine their genetic structure. RESULTS Notably uniform parasite populations constituted each farm outbreak, and the parasites from the first and second outbreaks resembled each other to a notable degree, indicating an epidemiological link between them. Wild boar harbored more genetically variable larval cohorts, distinguishing them from parasites isolated from domestic pigs. CONCLUSIONS Microsatellite markers succeeded in distinguishing isolates of the highly homogeneous T. spiralis, aiding efforts to track transmission. Each outbreak was composed of a homogenous group of parasites, suggesting a point source of contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Bilska-Zajac
- National Veterinary Research Institute in Puławy, Al. Partyzantów 57, Puławy, Poland
| | - Daniele Tonanzi
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pozio
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Miroslaw Rozycki
- National Veterinary Research Institute in Puławy, Al. Partyzantów 57, Puławy, Poland
| | - Tomasz Cencek
- National Veterinary Research Institute in Puławy, Al. Partyzantów 57, Puławy, Poland
| | - Peter C. Thompson
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA
| | - Benjamin M. Rosenthal
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA
| | - Giuseppe La Rosa
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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2
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van der Giessen J, Deksne G, Gómez-Morales MA, Troell K, Gomes J, Sotiraki S, Rozycki M, Kucsera I, Djurković-Djaković O, Robertson LJ. Surveillance of foodborne parasitic diseases in Europe in a One Health approach. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2021; 13:e00205. [PMID: 33665388 PMCID: PMC7900597 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2021.e00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2012, WHO/FAO ranked 24 foodborne parasites (FBP) using multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to provide risk assessors with a basis for prioritising control of highly ranked FBP on the global level. One conclusion was that ranking may differ substantially per region. In Europe, the same methodology was used to rank FBP of relevance for Europe. Of the 24 FBP, the top-five prioritised FBP were identified for Europe as Echinococcus multilocularis, Toxoplasma gondii, Trichinella spiralis, E. granulosus, and Cryptosporidium spp., all of which are zoonotic. The objective of the present study was to provide an overview of surveillance and reporting systems in Europe for these top five prioritised FBP in the human and animal populations, to identify gaps, and give recommendations for improvement. Information on the surveillance systems was collected from 35 European countries and analysed according to the five different regions. For most FBP, human surveillance is passive in most countries and regions in Europe and notification differs between countries and regions. Adequate surveillance programmes for these FBP are lacking, except for T. spiralis, which is notifiable in 34 countries with active surveillance in susceptible animals under EU directive. Although human and animal surveillance data are available for the five prioritised FBP, we identified a lack of consistency in surveillance and reporting requirements between national experts and European bodies. Recommendations for improved surveillance systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke van der Giessen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven 3720 BA, Netherlands
| | - Gunita Deksne
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes Str. 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia.,Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Str. 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Maria Angeles Gómez-Morales
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Karin Troell
- National Veterinary Institute, Ulls väg 2B, Uppsala SE-751 89, Sweden
| | - Jacinto Gomes
- National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, Oeiras 2780-157, Portugal
| | - Smaragda Sotiraki
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-Demeter, Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Miroslaw Rozycki
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, Puławy 24-100, Poland
| | - István Kucsera
- National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6, Budapest 1097, Hungary
| | - Olgica Djurković-Djaković
- Centre of Excellence for Food- and Vector-borne Zoonoses, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotića 4, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Lucy J Robertson
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Adamstuen Campus, Ullevålsveien 72, Oslo 0454, Norway
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Franssen F, Gerard C, Cozma-Petruţ A, Vieira-Pinto M, Jambrak AR, Rowan N, Paulsen P, Rozycki M, Tysnes K, Rodriguez-Lazaro D, Robertson L. Inactivation of parasite transmission stages: Efficacy of treatments on food of animal origin. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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4
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Sroka J, Kusyk P, Bilska-Zajac E, Karamon J, Dutkiewicz J, Wojcik-Fatla A, Zajac V, Stojecki K, Rozycki M, Cencek T. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats from the south-west region of Poland and the detection of T. gondii DNA in goat milk. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2017; 64. [PMID: 28783032 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2017.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908) is an obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite prevalent in animals and humans worldwide having medical and veterinary importance on account of causing abortion or congenital disease in intermediate hosts, including man. Since T. gondii has already been identified in the milk of goats, Capra aegagrus hircus (Linnaeus), the possibility of acquiring infection by ingesting unpasteurised goat milk should be taken into consideration. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the presence of T. gondii DNA in goat milk. First, 73 goats (females) from 36 farms located in Poland were examined serologically by direct agglutination test (DAT) to estimate the T. gondii serological status. Milk samples from 60 selected lactating females were examined for the presence of T. gondii DNA by Real time PCR and nested PCR (B1 gene). To estimate the clonal type of detected T. gondii, multiplex PCR was performed using 6 markers. In DAT, positive results were found in 70% of 73 goats. Among examined 60 milk samples, 65% were positive in Real time PCR and 43% in nested PCR. It is noteworthy that 11 samples positive in PCR were collected from seronegative goats. The multilocus PCR analysis mostly revealed the occurrence of genotype III, which is relatively rare in Europe. The recorded high prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies in tested goats (70%), associated with a high prevalence of T. gondii DNA in goat milk samples (65%), indicates a potential risk of the parasite transmission through goat milk ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Sroka
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Pawel Kusyk
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Ewa Bilska-Zajac
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Jacek Karamon
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Jacek Dutkiewicz
- Department of Health Biohazards and Parasitology, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Angelina Wojcik-Fatla
- Department of Health Biohazards and Parasitology, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Violetta Zajac
- Department of Health Biohazards and Parasitology, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Stojecki
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Rozycki
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Tomasz Cencek
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
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5
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Karamon J, Stojecki K, Samorek-Pierog M, Bilska-Zajac E, Rozycki M, Chmurzynska E, Sroka J, Zdybel J, Cencek T. Genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes in Poland: the first report of a haplotype of probable Asian origin. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2017; 64. [DOI: 10.14411/fp.2017.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Ailenberg M, Di Ciano-Oliveira C, Szaszi K, Dan Q, Rozycki M, Kapus A, Rotstein OD. Dynasore enhances the formation of mitochondrial antiviral signalling aggregates and endocytosis-independent NF-κB activation. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3748-63. [PMID: 25850711 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dynasore has been used extensively as an inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. While studying the role of endocytosis in LPS-induced signalling events, we discovered that dynasore itself induced activation of NF-κB, independently of its effects on endocytosis and without involving the Toll-like receptor 4 signalling pathways. The purpose of this study was to characterize this novel effect and to explore the underlying mechanism of action. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We utilized gel electrophoresis, microscopy, gene knockdown and luciferase-based promoter activity to evaluate the effect of dynasore on cell signalling pathways and to delineate the mechanisms involved in its effects, KEY RESULTS Dynasore activated the NF-κB and IFN-β pathways by activating mitochondrial antiviral signalling protein (MAVS). We showed that MAVS is activated by NOX/Rac and forms high molecular weight aggregates, similar to that observed in response to viral infection. We also demonstrated that dynasore-induced activation of JNK occurs downstream of MAVS and is required for activation of NF-κB and IFN-β. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These findings demonstrate a novel effect of dynasore on cell signalling. We describe a novel Rac1-, ROS- and MAVS-mediated signalling cascade through which dynasore dramatically activates NF-κB, mimicking the viral induction of this key inflammatory signalling pathway. Our results call attention to the need for a broader interpretation of results when dynasore is used in its traditional fashion as an inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. These results suggest the intriguing possibility that dynasore or one of its analogues might be of value as an antiviral therapeutic strategy or vaccine adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ailenberg
- Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C Di Ciano-Oliveira
- Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - K Szaszi
- Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Q Dan
- Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Rozycki
- Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Kapus
- Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - O D Rotstein
- Departments of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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7
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Abstract
Problems associated with the use of sodium or potassium azide as an inhibitor of microbial activity in soil include erroneous CO(2) evolution readings, shifts in inhibitor concentration, rise in soil pH, and explosion hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rozycki
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Cook College, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903
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8
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Mackowski M, Szymoniak K, Szydlowski M, Kamyczek M, Eckert R, Rozycki M, Switonski M. Missense mutations in exon 4 of the porcine LEPR gene encoding extracellular domain and their association with fatness traits. Anim Genet 2005; 36:135-7. [PMID: 15771723 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01247.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (T221C, T232A and C233T) were detected in exon 4 of the porcine leptin receptor (LEPR) gene. The T232A substitution could be identified as a (Tsp509I) restriction fragment length polymorphism. The frequency of genotype TT varied in six genetic groups from 0.62 (Duroc) to 0.99 (Polish Large White). Sequencing of exon 4, performed for 30 animals, revealed that only two intragenic haplotypes (TC and AT at nucleotide position 232-233) were present. The phenotypic effect of the Tsp509I polymorphism was tested for the Polish Landrace (n = 241) and a synthetic line 990 (n = 243). There was no statistical evidence for the direct effect of the LEPR polymorphisms on fatness traits. However, in Polish Landrace allele A at position 232 was associated with thicker backfat over shoulder.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mackowski
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, August Cieszkowski Agricultural University of Poznan, Poznan, Poland
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9
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Szydlowski M, Stachowiak M, Mackowski M, Kamyczek M, Eckert R, Rozycki M, Switonski M. No major effect of the leptin gene polymorphism on porcine production traits. J Anim Breed Genet 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2004.00453.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Björkegren C, Rozycki M, Schutt CE, Lindberg U, Karlsson R. Mutagenesis of human profilin locates its poly(L-proline)-binding site to a hydrophobic patch of aromatic amino acids. FEBS Lett 1993; 333:123-6. [PMID: 8224149 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80388-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The actin-binding protein, profilin, contains a src-homology (SH) 3-like fold (Schutt, C.E. et al., submitted), and its tight interaction with poly(L-proline) is reminiscent of the binding activity exhibited by SH3-domains. Here we demonstrate that replacements of aromatic amino acids in a hydrophobic patch on the surface of the profilin molecule abolish its poly(L-proline)-binding capacity. However, the location of this hydrophobic patch is found in another region of the molecule than that displaying structural similarities with SH3 domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Björkegren
- Department of Zoological Cell Biology, Stockholm University, Sweden
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11
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Abstract
The effect on the structure of profilin of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) binding was probed by fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Fluorescence of Trp3 and Trp31 of profilin at 292 nm showed a linear decrease in solution emission at 340 nm as PIP2/profilin was increased from 0 to 80:1, apparently due to a static quenching mechanism involving formation of a nonfluorescent PIP2/profilin complex. CD spectra revealed an increase of up to 3.3-fold in the molar ellpticity at 222 nm for profilin as it binds PIP2, as well as changes in the Cotton effect between 250 and 310 nm. These results are consistent with a possible increase in the alpha-helix content of profilin triggered by the binding of PIP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Raghunathan
- Frick Chemical Laboratory, Princeton University, NJ 08544
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13
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Orlowska J, Jedrzejewska-Iwanowska A, Rozycki M. [Malignant meningioma with extracranial metastases]. Neurol Neurochir Pol 1976; 10:595-7. [PMID: 958591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The authors report a case of primary malignant meningioma of meninges in the right frontal area with metastases to meninges in the right temporal area and left atrial endocardium and with emboli composed of malignant cells in the vessels of the myocardium, spleen, liver, lungs and pancreas in a 49-year-old woman after commissurotomy performed for rheumatic valvular heart disease.
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