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Shabani A, Rasoulian M, Naserbakht M, Hakim Shooshtari M, Hajebi A, Tiyuri A, Motevalian SA. Prevalence and determinants of post-traumatic stress disorder five months after the 2019 huge flooding in Iran. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:346. [PMID: 38302994 PMCID: PMC10835963 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17861-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high occurrence of floods in Iran, its psychological consequences have been less discussed. The present paper addresses the prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and its determinants among the affected adults by the huge flood of 2019. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted through household face-to-face surveys in August and September 2019. Individuals who were affected by floods and were at least 16 years old were randomly selected from three provinces in Iran: Lorestan and Khuzestan in the west and southwest, and Golestan in the northeast. The questionnaire of demographic and flood related variables in addition to the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) were utilized to collect the data. We applied a complex sample analysis to describe the prevalence of PTSD and logistic regression analyses to find its determinants. RESULTS Out of the 2,305 individuals approached for surveys, 1,671 (72.5%) adults affected by the floods participated in the study. The majority of participants were housewives, married, had either no formal education or primary education, and resided in rural areas. The prevalence of PTSD in the participants was 24.8% (CI 95%: 20.7-28.8%) and was significantly higher in Lorestan province (39.7%, P < 0.001). Determinants of PTSD, were unemployment (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.53, CI 95%: 1.38-9.00), primary (AOR = 2.44, CI 95%: 1.10-5.41) or high school (AOR = 2.35, CI 95%: 1.25-4.40) education (vs. university), a history of mental disorders (AOR = 2.36, CI 95%: 1.22-4.58), high damage to assets (AOR = 2.29, CI 95%: 1.40-3.75), limited access to health care services after the flood (AOR = 1.95, CI 95%: 1.20-3.19), not receiving compensation for flood damage (AOR = 1.94, CI 95%: 1.01-3.83), high wealth index (AOR = 1.90, CI 95%: 1.23-2.93), and flooded house with a height of more than one meter (AOR = 1.66, CI 95%: 1.02-2.76). CONCLUSION Results show a notable prevalence of PTSD, especially in Lorestan province, among adults affected by floods. Determinants of PTSD include unemployment, lower education, psychiatric history, extensive property damage, limited post-flood healthcare access, lack of compensation, and increased flood exposure. We recommend adopting an inclusive screening approach for high-risk groups and developing appropriate therapeutic and supportive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shabani
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rasoulian
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Naserbakht
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Hajebi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Tiyuri
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Abbas Motevalian
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Akouchekian M, Alizadeh R, Beiranvandi F, Dehghan Manshadi M, Taherizadeh F, Hakim Shooshtari M. Evaluation of DNA repair capacity in parents of pediatric patients diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder using the comet assay procedure. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023; 15:304-309. [PMID: 37885831 PMCID: PMC10598524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social communication, limited repetitive behaviors, impaired language development, and interest or activity patterns, which include a group complex neurodevelopmental syndrome with diverse phenotypes that reveal considerable etiological and clinical heterogeneity and are also considered one of the most heritable disorders (over 90%). Genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors play a role in the development of ASD. Aim This study was designed to investigate the extent of DNA damage in parents of autistic children by treating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with bleomycin and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated by the Ficoll method and treated with a specific concentration of bleomycin and H2O2 for 30 min and 5 min, respectively. Then, the degree of DNA damage was analyzed by the alkaline comet assay or single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE), an effective way to measure DNA fragmentation in eukaryotic cells. Results Our findings revealed that there is a significant difference in the increase of DNA damage in parents with affected children compared to the control group, which can indicate the inability of the DNA molecule repair system. Furthermore, our study showed a significant association between fathers' occupational difficulties (exposed to the influence of environmental factors), as well as family marriage, and suffering from ASD in offspring. Conclusion Our results suggested that the influence of environmental factors on parents of autistic children may affect the development of autistic disorder in their offspring. Subsequently, based on our results, investigating the effect of environmental factors on the amount of DNA damage in parents with affected children requires more studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoureh Akouchekian
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Beiranvandi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Dehghan Manshadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Taherizadeh
- Department of Information and Communication, Faculty 3, Hanover University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Hanover, Germany
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry – School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tiyuri A, Rasoulian M, Hajebi A, Naserbakht M, Shabani A, Hakim Shooshtari M, Rezapour A, Motevalian SA. Psychological impact of the Spring 2019 flood among adult population of Iran. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1916-1927. [PMID: 37329163 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231180824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND From March to April 2019, a flood occurred in several regions of Iran. The most affected provinces were Golestan, Lorestan, and Khuzestan. AIMS The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of psychological distress and depression among the affected adult population 6 months after the event. METHODS A cross-sectional household survey with face-to-face interview was carried out on a random sample of 1,671 adults aged above 15 years living in the flood-affected areas from August to September 2019. We applied GHQ-28 and PHQ-9 for the assessment of psychological distress and depression, respectively. RESULTS The prevalence of psychological distress and depression were 33.6% (95% CI [29.5, 37.7]) and 23.0% (95% CI [19.4, 26.7]), respectively. Determinants of psychological distress were a history of mental disorders (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.7), primary (AOR = 2.9) or high school (AOR = 2.4) education (vs. university), no compensation received (AOR = 2.1), high damage to assets (AOR = 1.8), the house flooded more than 1 m (AOR = 1.8), female gender (AOR = 1.8), and limited access to health care services (AOR = 1.8). Determinants of depression were unemployment (AOR = 5.3) or being a housewife (AOR = 2.7), a history of mental disorders (AOR = 4.1), high damage to assets (AOR = 2.5), no compensation received (AOR = 2.0), the house flooded more than 1 m (AOR = 1.8), limited access to health care services (AOR = 1.8), and high wealth index (AOR = 1.7). CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed a high prevalence of psychological distress and depression in the flood-affected adult population. The high-risk group, particularly flood victims who had a history of mental disorders, and those exposed to severe damages of flood, should be prioritized for screening, and mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Tiyuri
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rasoulian
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Hajebi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Naserbakht
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shabani
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aziz Rezapour
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Motevalian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abdi S, Tarameshlu M, Nakhostin Ansari N, Ghelichi L, Hakim Shooshtari M. The Effect of Combined Intervention on Improvement of Early Lexical Development in Minimally Verbal Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2023; 37:104. [PMID: 38021379 PMCID: PMC10657262 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.37.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by severe communication deficits and limited and repetitive behavioral tendencies. There are several treatment approaches and methods for minimally verbal children with ASD; nonetheless, there is inconclusive evidence about how early lexical development could be improved. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of combined intervention derived from the principles of different theories-including contemporary behaviorism, schemas, sociocultural, and event representation theories-to improve early lexical development in minimally verbal children with ASD. Methods In this single-group pretest-posttest study, 10 children with ASD (mean age, 47.9 ± 8.3 months), including 7 boys and 3 girls, participated. Participants received 16 intervention sessions in 8 weeks. The combined intervention consisted of various methods derived from contemporary behaviorism, schemas, sociocultural, and event representation approaches. The MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory 1 (Infant form) assessed early lexical development before and after intervention and after a 2-month follow-up. The Friedman test was used to analyze the data, and pairwise comparisons were performed with the Will-Coxon test. Cohen's d was used to investigate the effect sizes. Results Significant increases in expressive vocabulary (P < 0.001) and receptive language (P < 0.001) were seen after the end of the intervention and at the follow-up (P = 0.005). Large effect sizes were found for expressive vocabulary (d = 3.7) and receptive vocabulary (d = 2.17). Conclusion This study suggests that the combination of intervention based contemporary behaviorism, schemas, sociocultural, and event representation approaches improved receptive and expressive vocabulary in minimally verbal children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Abdi
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, Rehabilitation Research
Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Tarameshlu
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, Rehabilitation Research
Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
| | - Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University
of Medical Sciences; Research Center for War-affected People, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Ghelichi
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, Rehabilitation Research
Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry,
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
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Raeisy H, Bayati P, Noorbakhsh F, Hakim Shooshtari M, Eftekhar Ardebili M, Shekarabi M, Mojtabavi N. C1q/TNF-related protein-1: Potential biomarker for early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:3946320221079471. [PMID: 35202556 PMCID: PMC8883289 DOI: 10.1177/03946320221079471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental diseases characterized by communication inabilities, social interaction impairment, repetitive behavior, as well as learning problems. Although the exact mechanism underlying this disease is still obscure, researchers believe that several factors play a significant role in its development and pathogenesis. Some authors have reported an association between adipokines family and autism. C1q/TNF-related protein-1 (CTRP1) is a member of the adipokines family, and we hypothesized that this adipokine might have an influential role in the pathogenesis of ASDs. Since there is no specific marker for screening the disease, we evaluated CTRP1 as a potential marker for achieving this purpose. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 82 (41 ASDs boys, 41 healthy boys as controls) children aged 5-7 years old. CTRP1 gene expression and CTRP1 serum level were measured by quantitative realtime-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods, respectively. RESULTS It was found that CTRP1 is significantly elevated in autistic children in comparison to healthy controls, both at the gene expression level, as well as at the serum level; demonstrating a good diagnostic value with a good range of sensitivity and specificity for detecting ASDs. CONCLUSION CTRP1 expression is elevated in ASDs boys aged 5-7 years old, suggesting a role for this adipokine in ASDs pathophysiology. Also, receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that this adipokine could be utilized as a diagnostic biomarker for differentiating ASDs patients from healthy individuals along with other recently proposed biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Raeisy
- 440827Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,440827Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Bayati
- 440827Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,440827Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- 48504Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- 216057Department of Psychiatry, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Eftekhar Ardebili
- 440827Mental Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shekarabi
- 440827Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mojtabavi
- 440827Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,440827Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Akhani A, Dehghani M, Gharraee B, Hakim Shooshtari M. Parent training intervention for autism symptoms, functional emotional development, and parental stress in children with autism disorder: A randomized clinical trial. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 62:102735. [PMID: 34171493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Today, early interventions to treat autistic children through parent training interventions is of outmost importance. Interventions are focused on developmental or behavioral approaches and are mostly individual or group ones. In the present study, both proposed approaches in the form of structured individual and group parent training sessions among Iranian families are investigated. METHOD This study was a randomized clinical trial which was performed in 2019-2020 in Tehran. Forty four 3-5 year-old children with autism participated in the study and were assigned to experimental (n = 22) and control (n = 22) groups through block randomization method. To evaluate the effectiveness of therapy on autism symptoms, Gilliam Autism Rating and Functional Emotional Assessment Scales were used. Also, Parenting Stress Index and Quality of Life Questionnaire were implemented to investigate the secondary effects of the therapy. After 12 therapy sessions, both groups took the posttest and 3 months later, follow up evaluations were performed. RESULTS The treatment group manifested significant improvement regarding autism symptoms in both the posttest and follow up (ŋ2 = .77, P < .05) as well as Functional Emotional Development (ŋ2 = .62, P < .05). Comparing the means indicates that the experimental group mean score is significantly higher in quality of life and lower in parenting stress than the control group's. CONCLUSION Parent training is effective on autism symptoms and functional emotional development. Regarding the fact that the follow-up phase coincided with Covid-19 pandemic and quarantine, it can be concluded that the therapy has been successful in maintaining the attained capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Akhani
- Clinical Psychology Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Dehghani
- Clinical Psychology Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Banafsheh Gharraee
- Clinical Psychology Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ebrahimi A, Elhami Athar M, Hakim Shooshtari M, Karsazi H, Storch EA. Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Teasing Questionnaire 23. Front Psychol 2021; 12:664736. [PMID: 33935925 PMCID: PMC8081849 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.664736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was a cross-sectional research and aimed to investigate the factor structure, internal consistency, and validities of the Persian version of the Teasing Questionnaire-Revised (TQ-R). Forward and backward translations of the TQ-R were performed; face and content validities were determined based on comments by a sample of psychology students and specialists. Using the cluster sampling method, 290 participants were recruited, and 201 valid data (Mage = 23.53, SD = 3.53, 64.2% men) were analyzed. The factor structure was assessed by confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The result of the confirmatory factor analysis(es) did not confirm the proposed three, four, and five-factor models. EFA revealed four factors with 23 items, explaining 52.03% of the total variance. The internal consistency of the Persian version of Teasing Questionnaire 23 was in the excellent range (α = 0.92), and its expected associations with external correlates (e.g., depression and anxiety) supported the measure’s convergent validity. The findings indicated that the Persian version of the TQ-R has sound psychometric properties and can be used as a valid and reliable tool in research and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Elhami Athar
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossain Karsazi
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eric A Storch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Moeinian P, Alizadeh R, Hakim Shooshtari M, Mozdarani H, Yousefi Laksari F, Taherizadeh F, Mortazavi Z, Akouchekian M. Assessment of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Parents of Autistic Children by Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus Assay. Neuromolecular Med 2021; 23:466-470. [PMID: 33751343 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-021-08652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental complex diseases with causative de-novo and inherited genetic factors. They include a range of cognitive and behavioral conditions such as pervasive developmental disorder, Asperger's syndrome, and autism. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay, as a cytogenetic study has been considered as one of the indicators of chromosomal damage in peripheral blood. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of micronucleus (MN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of parents with autistic children. The study was case-control and the cases were parents of autistic children referring to the psychiatric department of the Ali-Asghar Hospital of Tehran. The total number of samples was 60 cases and 30 controls. The results showed that autistic children's parents had a significant increase in MN frequency in binucleated lymphocytes. Further researches are suggested to analyze the environmental and genetic reasons for MN increase in autistic children parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Moeinian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Crossroads of Hemmat and Chamran Expressways, 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry - School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Mozdarani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Taherizadeh
- Department of Information and Communication, Faculty 3, Hanover University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Hanover, Germany
| | - Zahra Mortazavi
- Faculty of Paramedicine, Babol Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Akouchekian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Crossroads of Hemmat and Chamran Expressways, 1449614535, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hakim Shooshtari M, Shariati B, Kamalzadeh L, Naserbakht M, Tayefi B, Taban M. The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Iran: An updated systematic review. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2021; 35:8. [PMID: 33996659 PMCID: PMC8111633 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.35.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adolescents. There is a controversy over the true prevalence of ADHD in Iran, the knowledge of which is crucial for allocating health care resources and identifying research priorities. This is an updated systematic review of the prevalence of ADHD in Iranian children and adolescents. Methods: For this systematic review, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, IranPsych, IranMedex, Irandoc, Google Scholar, and grey literature were reached for publications between January 1990 and December 2018 that reported prevalence estimates of ADHD in Iran. Parallel independent assessments were conducted. The Quality Assessment Checklist for Prevalence Studies was used to assess the overall quality of studies. Results: A total of 34 original studies covering 33 621 Iranian children, adolescents, and adults were included. The included studies were mostly conducted on the population of preschool, elementary, middle, and high school-aged children as well as adolescents. Also, 6 studies addressed university students. Prevalence estimates of ADHD reported varied substantially across the studies and offered a range of heterogeneous data. Conclusion: Overall, making exact comparisons among studies was not easy because the assessment method and the type of sampling could impact prevalence estimates. These factors need to be considered when comparing data from different studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Shariati
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Kamalzadeh
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Naserbakht
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Batool Tayefi
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Taban
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Khanjari S, Mianji M, Hakim Shooshtari M, Haghani H. Impact of Coping Skills Training on the Quality of Life Among the Daughters of Mothers with Breast Cancer. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery 2020; 8:333-344. [PMID: 33178856 PMCID: PMC7648854 DOI: 10.30476/ijcbnm.2020.83048.1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Background Cancer affects the quality of life (QoL) of patients and their families. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of coping skills training on the QoL among daughters of mothers with breast cancer. Methods In this quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design, data were collected from 70 participants (35 in each of the control and education groups) from January 2016 to July 2017 in Imam Khomeini and Rasole-e-Akram Hospitals in Tehran. The education group participated in a workshop and group discussion (groups of 5 to 8 participants) with the presence of a pediatric psychiatrist and two pediatric nurses, and then a follow up program was performed. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0 was used in this study in two stages of pre-test (before education) and post-test (four weeks later). Data were analyzed through SPSS, version 21 using independent t-test and paired t-test for comparison of the mean scores of the two groups, with the significance level of 0.05. Results After the education, there were significantly improved scores of the QoL in the dimensions of physical functioning (P<0.001), emotional functioning (P<0.001), and school functioning (P<0.001) in the study group compared to the control group. The social functioning did not show a significant change (P<0.083). Conclusion The findings of the study confirm that coping skills training can lead to the improvement of QoL in adolescent daughters of mothers with breast cancer. Healthcare professionals must provide the mothers and daughters with information about breast cancer and instruments to handle their situation to promote the daughters' QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Khanjari
- Nusing Care Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Mianji
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Haghani
- Biostatistics, School of Management and Information Technology, Iran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
PURPOSE Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) consist of a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that include autistic behavior, Asperger's syndrome and pervasive developmental disabilities. According to the increasing observations that patients with mitochondrial disorders have symptoms associated with ASD, we have aimed to analyze the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in autistic patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS We selected children with autistic behaviors (15-60 CARS Score). The mitochondrial DNA extraction process was done by GeNet Bio DNA extraction kit. The regions of interest were amplified using independent PCR runs. After purification of PCR products, both strands were sequenced by Big Dye Termination system in a directly determined automated sequencing on an ABI 3700 capillary sequencer machine using both primers. All sequencing results were analyzed using bioinformatics' tools sequencher software 5. RESULTS In this study, 31 samples were examined, which 15 unique variants were detected in genes related to COXI-III. The most frequent variant (30.76%) were related to COX1 with amino acid change A → A. The only significant pathogenic variant was C8264G, except for C8264G, all variants seemed to be homoplasmic substitution. CONCLUSION In our study, among the variations we found, one variant what probably had an interesting association with possible amyloidosis, had been reported in patient with autism previously. It is hoped that with finding more definable genetic and biological markers, the autistic children diagnosis and treatment will be more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoureh Akouchekian
- a Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- b Mental Health Research Center , Tehran Institute of Psychiatry- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hamed Heidary
- c Human Genetics Department, Ali Asghar Hospital , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Fateme Zahedi Abghari
- a Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Parisa Moeinian
- a Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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12
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Nasr Esfahani F, Hakim Shooshtari M, Shirmohammadi Sosfadi R, Saeed F, Jalai F, Farsham A, Bidaki R. Internalizing and Externalizing Problems, Empathy Quotient, and Systemizing Quotient in 4 to 11 Years-Old Siblings of Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder Compared to Control Group. Iran J Psychiatry 2018; 13:191-199. [PMID: 30319702 PMCID: PMC6178333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study was conducted to recognize the problems of living with a sibling with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to improve their quality of life. Method : A total of 30 participants were selected among the 4-to11- year-old siblings of children who had referred to Tehran Psychiatric Institute due to autism spectrum disorder. For the control group, 30 children aged 4 to11years old who were the siblings of patients with chronic diseases referring to Pediatric Clinic of Rasoul-e Akram (PBUH) hospital were selected. Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Second Edition (GARS-2) was filled out for patients and siblings participating in the study and Child Behavior Checklist was completed by their parents. Results: The mean age of the patients in this study was 4.46 ± 9.66 years (range: 1.5-22 years), and the mean age in the healthy children was 2.54 ± 8.18 years (range: 4-11 years). The mean scores of anxiety/depression, withdrawn/depressed, somatic complaints, social problems, thought problems, attention problems, and rule-breaking behavior subscale of CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist) were not significantly different between groups. Aggressive behavior was the only subscale that showed such difference (p = 0.008). Externalizing problems in children who had siblings with ASD was higher than children who had siblings with physical illness. In a group in which a sibling had ASD, sisters were more anxious/ depressed than brothers. Conclusion: Due to various psychological and social problems that siblings of children with ASD experience throughout their life, studying their psychological problems to improve their quality of life seems to be of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Nasr Esfahani
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,Corresponding Author: Address: Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: 98-2166509024, Fax: 98-2166506853,
| | | | - Fahimeh Saeed
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Aida Farsham
- Clinical Psychology, Day Center in Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Bidaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medicine Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medicine Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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13
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Hakim Shooshtari M, Malakouti SK, Panaghi L, Mohseni S, Mansouri N, Rahimi Movaghar A. Factors Associated With Suicidal Attempts in Iran: A Systematic Review. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 2016; 10:e948. [PMID: 27284284 PMCID: PMC4898752 DOI: 10.17795/ijpbs-948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Context: Suicide prevention is a health service priority. Some surveys have assessed suicidal behaviors and potential risk factors. Objectives: The current paper aimed to gather information about etiology of suicide attempts in Iran. Data Sources: Pubmed, ISI web of science, PsychInfo, IranPsych, IranMedex, IranDoc as well as gray literature were searched. Study Selection: By electronic and gray literature search, 128 articles were enrolled in this paper. Pubmed, ISI web of science, PsychInfo, IranPsych, IranMedex, IranDoc were searched for electronic search. After reading the abstracts, 84 studies were excluded and full texts of 44 articles were reviewed critically. Data Extraction: Pubmed, ISI web of science, PsychInfo, IranPsych, IranMedex, IranDoc as well as gray literature were searched to find any study about etiologic factors of suicide attempt in Iran. Results: Depressive disorder was the most common diagnosis in suicide attempters that is 45% of the evaluated cases had depression. One study that had used Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI) found that Histrionics in females and Schizophrenia and Paranoia in males were significantly influential. Family conflicts with 50.7% and conflict with parents with 44% were two effective psychosocial factors in suicidal attempts. In around one fourth (28.7%) of the cases, conflict with spouse was the main etiologic factor. Conclusions: According to the methodological limitations, outcomes should be generalized cautiously. Further studies will help to plan preventive strategies for suicidal attempts; therefore, continued researches should be conducted to fill the data gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Seyyed Kazem Malakouti
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Leili Panaghi
- Department of Psychology, Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Shohreh Mohseni
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Naghmeh Mansouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Afarin Rahimi Movaghar
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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14
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Ahouee SM, Shooshtari MH, Bidaki R. A girl with increased writing and painting activities associated with Turner's syndrome and autistic spectrum disorder. Adv Biomed Res 2015; 4:91. [PMID: 26015917 PMCID: PMC4434451 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.156655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes the findings on the evaluation of a 9-year-old girl with disabling and pronounced increased writing and painting activities associated with Turner's syndrome and autistic spectrum disorder. She spent most of the time doing these activities which affected not only her academic performance, but also social relationships. A comprehensive treatment plan consists of both biological and psychological aspects, is the main point of this case. Low dose of risperidone (0.5 mg/day) was started to decrease the patient's stereotypic behaviors. Sertraline (12.5 mg/day) was prescribed for her phobia. She was also referred to an occupational therapist in order to improve her social skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Mohseni Ahouee
- Mental Health Research Center, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Resident of Psychiatry of Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Associate Professor of Iran University of Medical Science, Mental Health Research Center of Tehran, Psychiatric Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Bidaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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15
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Malakouti SK, Nojomi M, Poshtmashadi M, Hakim Shooshtari M, Mansouri Moghadam F, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Afghah S, Bolhari J, Bazargan-Hejazi S. Integrating a suicide prevention program into the primary health care network: a field trial study in Iran. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015:193729. [PMID: 25648221 PMCID: PMC4306260 DOI: 10.1155/2015/193729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe and evaluate the feasibility of integrating a suicide prevention program with Primary Health Care services and evaluate if such system can improve screening and identification of depressive disorder, reduce number of suicide attempters, and lower rate of suicide completion. METHODOLOGY This was a quasi-experimental trial in which one community was exposed to the intervention versus the control community with no such exposure. The study sites were two counties in Western Iran. The intervention protocol called for primary care and suicide prevention collaboration at different levels of care. The outcome variables were the number of suicides committed, the number of documented suicide attempts, and the number of identified depressed cases. RESULTS We identified a higher prevalence of depressive disorders in the intervention site versus the control site (χ (2) = 14.8, P < 0.001). We also found a reduction in the rate of suicide completion in the intervention region compared to the control, but a higher prevalence of suicide attempts in both the intervention and the control sites. CONCLUSION Integrating a suicide prevention program with the Primary Health Care network enhanced depression and suicide surveillance capacity and subsequently reduced the number of suicides, especially in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Kazem Malakouti
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Nojomi
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-5988, Iran
| | - Marjan Poshtmashadi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Susan Afghah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Bolhari
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, CA, USA
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16
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Ahmad Khaniha AR, Hakim Shooshtari M, Mohammadian M, Bidaki R, Pourrashidi Boshrabadi A. Familial characteristics of street children in tehran, iran. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 2014; 8:86-9. [PMID: 25053962 PMCID: PMC4105609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The phenomenon of street children is one of the most important concerns facing global community. Identifying risk factors in such children could lead to crucial investigations to find their essential needs by intervention programs. The present study examined the family profile of street children in Tehran, Iran. METHODS The sample consisted of 576 street children who were evaluated by 15 examiners. Using multi-stage sampling, twenty-seven different areas of Tehran were divided into 5 clusters and the children were selected randomly from each cluster. The two questionnaires applied included a demographic questionnaire and a questionnaire about high-risk behaviors such as substance use, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, etc. RESULTS There was a statistical significant association between the length of work time and two variables: sex and economic status of family (p < 0.05). Incarceration history of street children who had lost both their parents and their parents had been divorced was significantly higher than others (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The street children's lifestyle is a risk factor for affecting them to variety types of socio-mental problems. Statistical significant association between parental divorces or the loss of both parents with a history of conviction mentions the important role of parents in transmitting moral and social values to children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Reza Ahmad Khaniha
- Associate Professor, Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Associate Professor, Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mohammadian
- Assistant Professor, Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Bidaki
- Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Pourrashidi Boshrabadi
- Medical Student, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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17
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Bidaki R, Zarei M, Khorram Toosi A, Hakim Shooshtari M. A review on genetics of sleep disorders. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 2012; 6:12-9. [PMID: 24644464 PMCID: PMC3939950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
One-third of population deal with sleep disorders which might be due to social, economic or medical problems. Studies on twins have indicated the role of genetic factors in these disorders. Monozygotic twins have a very similar hypnogram. A higher prevalence of some sleep disorders is reported in relatives of the patients with these disorders. Genes also affect sleep disorders as well as some other disorders at the same time. Sleep disorders can also influence the level of the personal and social functioning. Recent genetic advances have clarified the role of different genes in sleep disorders. The purpose of this article is to present a brief review about the role of genetic factors in some of the sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Bidaki
- Department of psychiatry Rafsanjan University of medical sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mina Zarei
- Tehran University of Medical Science. Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Assistant professor of Child and adolescence psychiatry. Department of psychiatry, Tehran University of medical sciencs. Tehran, Iran
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18
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Ghalebandi M, Salehi M, Rasoulain M, Shooshtari MH, Naserbakht M, Salarifar MH. Prevalence of Parasomnia in School aged Children in Tehran. Iran J Psychiatry 2011; 6:75-9. [PMID: 22952526 PMCID: PMC3395942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parasomnias can create sleep disruption; in this article we assessed parasomnias in school-aged children in Tehran. METHODS In spring 2005, a total of 6000 sleep questionnaires were distributed to school-aged children in 5 districts of Tehran (Iran). A modified Pediatrics sleep questionnaire with 34 questions was used. RESULTS Parasomnias varied from 0.5% to 5.7% among the subjects as follows: 2.7% sleep talking, 0.5% sleepwalking, 5.7% bruxism, 2.3% enuresis, and nightmare 4%. A group of children showed parasomnias occasionally- this was 13.1% for sleep talking, 1.4% for sleepwalking, 10.6% for bruxism, 3.1% for enuresis and 18.4% for nightmares. CONCLUSION A high proportion of children starting school suffer from sleep problems. In many cases this is a temporary, developmentally related phenomenon, but in 6% of the children the disorder is more serious and may be connected with various stress factors and further behavioral disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirfarhad Ghalebandi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Mental Health Research Center of Tehran Institute of psychiatry, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Salehi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Mental Health Research Center of Tehran Institute of psychiatry, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rasoulain
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Mental Health Research Center of Tehran Institute of psychiatry, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hakim Shooshtari
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Mental Health Research Center of Tehran Institute of psychiatry, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Naserbakht
- Mental Health Research Center of Tehran Institute of psychiatry, Tehran, Iran
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Sharifi V, Assadi SM, Mohammadi MR, Amini H, Kaviani H, Semnani Y, Shabani A, Shahrivar Z, Davari-Ashtiani R, Shooshtari MH, Seddigh A, Jalali M. A Persian translation of the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition: psychometric properties. Compr Psychiatry 2009; 50:86-91. [PMID: 19059520 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2008] [Accepted: 04/10/2008] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to assess the reliability and validity of a Persian translation of the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) through a multicenter study in a clinical population in Iran. METHOD The sample consisted of 299 subjects admitted to outpatient or inpatient services of 3 psychiatric centers in Tehran, Iran. The SCID was administered by trained interviewers. To study the test-retest reliability, a second independent SCID interview was administered to 104 of the entire sample within 3 to 7 days of the first interviews. For the assessment of validity, the SCID diagnoses were compared with the consensus clinical diagnoses made by 2 psychiatrists for all 299 patients. RESULTS Diagnostic agreements between test and retest SCID administration were fair to good for most diagnostic categories. Overall weighted kappa was 0.52 for current diagnoses and 0.55 for lifetime diagnoses. Specificity values for most psychiatric disorders were high (>0.85); the sensitivity values were somewhat lower. CONCLUSIONS The Persian translation of the SCID yields diagnoses with acceptable to good reliability and validity in a clinical population in Iran. This supports the cross-cultural use of the instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandad Sharifi
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13337, Iran.
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