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Abdelkader MFM, Mahmoud MH, Diyasty MZ, Sukar NA, Farag MI, Mohamed NNI, Salama YAMA, Abdein MA. Genetic Components Derived Parameters and Heterosis in Okra under Saudi Arabia Conditions. Genet Res (Camb) 2024; 2024:6432560. [PMID: 38292516 PMCID: PMC10827370 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6432560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Four parental genotypes of okra were crossed in complete diallel design to study the direction and extent of relative heterosis and heterobeltiosis for yield and its associated traits for utilization of existing genetic diversity to develop heterotic F1 hybrids in okra. The additive genetic component (D) was significant in all studied traits except average pod weight. Nonadditive (H1 and H2) components were found to be significant in all studied traits. However, the values of the dominant effect (H1) were smaller than the D components for no. of nodes/plant, no. of pods/plant, weight of medium pods, weight of large pods, and total fresh pod yield. The maximum significant MP heterosis in the desirable direction (149.9%) was recorded for the weight of large pods/plot. The maximum significant heterobeltiosis in the desirable direction (120.1%) was recorded for the weight of small pods/plot followed by total fresh pod yield (107.4%), the weight of large pods/plot (104.9%), weight of medium pods/plot (92.1%), average pod weight (51.8%), number of pods/plant (38.4%), and plant height (34.3%). It could be concluded that plant height, average pod weight, and the number of branches could be considered for the development of elite hybrids (heterosis breeding) or inbred lines (pure line selection) in succeeding generations. Therefore, these parameters can be considered for selecting genotypes to improve the pod yield of okra. The superior crosses identified through heterosis analysis were Egyptian Balady × Line 4.1.18 (30.8 ton/ha), Line 4.1.18 × Egyptian Balady (29.8 ton/ha), Dwarf Green Long Pod × Line 4.1.18 (28.3 ton/ha), and Egyptian Balady × Dwarf Green Long Pod (27.6 ton/ha) as these crosses had high performance as well as significant and higher estimates of heterobeltiosis for fruit yield per plant and yield attributing other characters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F. M. Abdelkader
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H. Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Z. Diyasty
- Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Noha A. Sukar
- Agricultural Botany (Genetics) Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maged I. Farag
- Department of Drug Discovery Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Nesma N. I. Mohamed
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A. Abdein
- Seeds Development Department, El-Nada Misr Scientific Research and Development Projects, Turrell, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
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Ibrahim EA, Alhaithloul HAS, Shamseldin SAM, Awaly SBH, El-Latif Hesham A, Abdelkader MFM, Alqahtani MM, Alzuaibr FM, Alasmari A, Sukar NA, Diyasty MZ, Abdein MA. Morphological, Biochemical, and Molecular Diversity Assessment of Egyptian Bottle Gourd Cultivars. Genet Res (Camb) 2024; 2024:4182158. [PMID: 38205231 PMCID: PMC10781529 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4182158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The genetic variability and relationships between ten bottle gourd cultivars were evaluated based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular parameters. The results displayed high variability among selected cultivars in terms of photosynthetic pigments, total free amino acids, total phenol content, isozymes pattern, and protein electrophoresis. Furthermore, differences in molecular markers were revealed by the SCoT technique. The peroxidase (POD) and polyphenyl oxidase (PPO) isozymes patterns did not detect significant differences in bands among cultivars. The protein patterns revealed seventeen bands ranging from 126 to 9 kDa and five polymorphic bands representing 29.41%. On the other hand, eight SCoT primers were used to evaluate the genetic variability and relationships between the ten Egyptian bottle gourd cultivars. The results of SCoT analysis detected 44 amplicons with 50% polymorphism. In addition, the results of the phylogenetic tree that is constructed based on the similarity coefficient revealed by SCoT analysis confirm the results of biochemical analysis indicating a genetic relationship between the most efficient bottle gourd cultivars (S1 and S2 cultivars). In addition, there is a genetic relationship among the less efficient bottle gourd cultivars (S4 and S5 cultivars). These results could be beneficial to distinguish among bottle gourd cultivars in the plant breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab A. Ibrahim
- Department of Cross-Pollinated Vegetable Research, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | | | - Sahar A. M. Shamseldin
- Botany Department, Women's College for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Sara B. H. Awaly
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Latif Hesham
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F. M. Abdelkader
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mesfer M. Alqahtani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, P.O. Box 1040, Ad-Dawadimi, Shaqra 11911, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulrahman Alasmari
- Biology Department, College of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha A. Sukar
- Agricultural Botany (Genetics) Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z. Diyasty
- Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Abdein
- Seeds Development Department, El-Nada Misr Scientific Research and Development Projects, Turrell, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
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Taher MA, Lo'ay AA, Gouda M, Limam SA, Abdelkader MFM, Osman SO, Fikry M, Ali EF, Mohamed SY, Khalil HA, El-Ansary DO, El-Gioushy SF, Ghazzawy HS, Ibrahim AM, Maklad MF, Abdein MA, Hikal DM. Impacts of Gum Arabic and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with Salicylic Acid on Peach Fruit ( Prunus persica) Shelf Life. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082595. [PMID: 35458795 PMCID: PMC9025755 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peaches are grown in many Egyptian orchards for local and global fresh market sales. The interior fruit tissue breakdown (IFTB), often resulting in decayed peaches, is a severe problem during marketing. Therefore, to minimize FTB of peaches, in this study, gum arabic (GA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were mixed with different concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) (0, 1, and 2 mM) and were applied as edible coating to extend the shelf life of peach fruits. Mature peaches were selected and harvested when peaches reached total soluble solid content (SSC: 8.5%) and fruit firmness of about 47 N. Fruits were coated and stored at room temperature (26 ± 1 °C and air humidity 51 ± 1%) for 10 days during two seasons: 2020 and 2021. Fruit coated with GA/PVP-SA 2 mM showed a significant (p < 0.05) inhibition in degrading enzyme activities (CWDEs), such as lipoxygenase (LOX), cellulase (CEL), and pectinase (PT), compared to uncoated and coated fruits during the shelf-life period. Hence, cell wall compartments were maintained. Consequently, there was a reduction in browning symptoms in fruits by inhibiting polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities. Thus, the fruit skin browning index showed almost no symptoms. The lipid peroxidation process and ionic permeability declined as well. The result suggests that, by applying GA/PVP-SA 2 mM as an edible coating, fruit tissue breakdown can be minimized, and the shelf life of peach can be extended up to 10 days without symptoms of tissue breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Taher
- Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35336, Egypt
| | - A A Lo'ay
- Pomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35336, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Gouda
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12422, Egypt
| | - Safaa A Limam
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F M Abdelkader
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samah O Osman
- Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Fikry
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Esmat F Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed Y Mohamed
- Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Hoda A Khalil
- Department of Pomology, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
| | - Diaa O El-Ansary
- Precision Agriculture Laboratory, Pomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
| | - Sherif F El-Gioushy
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Moshtohor), Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Hesham S Ghazzawy
- Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Central Laboratory for Date Palm Research and Development, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Aly M Ibrahim
- Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud F Maklad
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abdein
- Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia M Hikal
- Nutrition and Food Science, Home Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Mansura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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