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Lake L, Hayes JE, Ortega Martinez R, Weller JL, Javid M, Butler JB, James LE, Gimenez R, Dreccer MF, French R, Sadras VO. Genetics of phenological development and implications for seed yield in lentil. J Exp Bot 2024:erae203. [PMID: 38712747 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Understanding phenology, its genetics and agronomic consequences, is critical for crop adaptation. Here we aim at (1) characterising lentil response to photoperiod with a focus on five loci: the lentil ELF3 ortholog Sn, two loci linked to clusters of lentil FT orthologs and two loci without candidates in chromosomes 2 and 5 (exp. 1: 36 lines, short and long day in phytotron); (2) establishing phenology-yield relationship (exp. 2: 25 lines, 11 field environments). A vintage perspective, where we quantify time trends in phenotype over three decades of breeding, links both experiments. Yield increased linearly from older to newer varieties at 29 kg ha-1 yr-1 or 1.5% yr-1, correlated negatively with flowering time in both winter- and summer-rainfall regimes, and decoupled from biomass in favourable environments. Time to flowering shortened from older to newer varieties at -0.56 % yr-1 in the field, and -0.42 % yr-1 (short day) and -0.99 % yr-1 (long day) in the phytotron. Early-flowering lines of diverse origin carried multiple early alleles for the five loci, indicating that at least some of these loci affect phenology additively. Current germplasm primarily features the early flowering haplotype for an FTb cluster region, hence the potential to increase phenological diversity with yield implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lake
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Australia
| | - J E Hayes
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - R Ortega Martinez
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay Campus, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J L Weller
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay Campus, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - M Javid
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Merredin, WA, Australia
| | - J B Butler
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay Campus, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - L E James
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay Campus, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - R Gimenez
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay Campus, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - M F Dreccer
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Queensland, Australia
| | - R French
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Merredin, WA, Australia
| | - V O Sadras
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Australia
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Javid M, Bhandari M, Parameshwari P, Reddiboina M, Prasad S. Evaluation of ChatGPT for Patient Counseling in Kidney Stone Clinic: A Prospective Study. J Endourol 2024; 38:377-383. [PMID: 38411835 DOI: 10.1089/end.2023.0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The potential of large language models (LLMs) is to improve the clinical workflow and to make patient care efficient. We prospectively evaluated the performance of the LLM ChatGPT as a patient counseling tool in the urology stone clinic and validated the generated responses with those of urologists. Methods: We collected 61 questions from 12 kidney stone patients and prompted those to ChatGPT and a panel of experienced urologists (Level 1). Subsequently, the blinded responses of urologists and ChatGPT were presented to two expert urologists (Level 2) for comparative evaluation on preset domains: accuracy, relevance, empathy, completeness, and practicality. All responses were rated on a Likert scale of 1 to 10 for psychometric response evaluation. The mean difference in the scores given by the urologists (Level 2) was analyzed and interrater reliability (IRR) for the level of agreement in the responses between the urologists (Level 2) was analyzed by Cohen's kappa. Results: The mean differences in average scores between the responses from ChatGPT and urologists showed significant differences in accuracy (p < 0.001), empathy (p < 0.001), completeness (p < 0.001), and practicality (p < 0.001), except for the relevance domain (p = 0.051), with ChatGPT's responses being rated higher. The IRR analysis revealed significant agreement only in the empathy domain [k = 0.163, (0.059-0.266)]. Conclusion: We believe the introduction of ChatGPT in the clinical workflow could further optimize the information provided to patients in a busy stone clinic. In this preliminary study, ChatGPT supplemented the answers provided by the urologists, adding value to the conversation. However, in its current state, it is still not ready to be a direct source of authentic information for patients. We recommend its use as a source to build a comprehensive Frequently Asked Questions bank as a prelude to developing an LLM Chatbot for patient counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Javid
- Department of Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahendra Bhandari
- Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - P Parameshwari
- Department of Community Medicine, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Srikala Prasad
- Department of Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
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Maity N, Mishra A, Barman S, Padhi SK, Panda BB, Jaseer EA, Javid M. Tuning Pd-to-Ag Ratio to Enhance the Synergistic Activity of Fly Ash-Supported Pd xAg y Bimetallic Nanoparticles. ACS Omega 2024; 9:1020-1028. [PMID: 38222517 PMCID: PMC10785790 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Fly ash (FA)-supported bimetallic nanoparticles (PdxAgy/FA) with varying Pd:Ag ratios were prepared by coprecipitation of Pd and Ag involving in situ reduction of Pd(II) and Ag(I) salts in aqueous medium. All the supported nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized with the aid of powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron microscopy (field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)), and elemental analyses, which include inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). A gradual broadening and shifting of PXRD peaks, ascribable to Ag, to higher angles with an increase in the Pd:Ag ratio affirms the alloying of interface between Pd and Ag nanoparticles. The coexistence of Pd and Ag was further confirmed by EDS elemental mapping as well as by the presence of bimetallic lattices on the FA surface, as evident from the high-resolution TEM analysis. The dependency of crystallite size and average size of bimetallic nanoparticles on Ag loading (mol %) was elucidated with the help of a combination of PXRD and TEM studies. Based on XPS analysis, the charge transfer phenomenon between contacting Pd-Ag sites could be evident from the shifting of 3d core electron binding energy for both Pd and Ag compared with monometallic Pd and Ag nanoparticles. Following a pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics, all the nanocatalysts were able to efficiently reduce 4-nitrophenol into 4-aminophenol in aqueous NaBH4. The superior catalytic performance of the bimetallic nanocatalysts (PdxAgy/FA) over their monometallic (Pd100/FA and Ag100/FA) analogues has been demonstrated. Moreover, the tunable synergistic effect of the bimetallic systems has been explored in detail by varying the Pd:Ag mol ratio in a systematic manner which in turn allowed us to achieve an optimum reaction rate (k = 1.050 min-1) for the nitrophenol reduction using a Pd25Ag75/FA system. Most importantly, all the bimetallic nanocatalysts explored here exhibited excellent normalized rate constants (K ≈ 6000-15,000 min-1 mmol-1) compared with other supported bimetallic Pd-Ag nanocatalysts reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niladri Maity
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Refining and Advanced Chemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aman Mishra
- Artificial
Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Samir Barman
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Refining and Advanced Chemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sumanta Kumar Padhi
- Artificial
Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Binod Bihari Panda
- Department
of Chemistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of
Technology, Sarang, Dhenkanal, Odisha 759146, India
| | - E. A. Jaseer
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Refining and Advanced Chemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Javid
- Core
Research Facilities, King Fahd University
of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Sara S, Tv D, Dg G, Elumalai B, Javid M. A Rare Case of Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis With Acute Urinary Retention: Diagnosis and Management. Cureus 2024; 16:e52839. [PMID: 38406120 PMCID: PMC10884782 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (hypoPP) is a rare channelopathy caused by mutations in skeletal muscle ion channels that usually occurs in young individuals and adolescents. The etiology can be attributed to various factors, such as idiopathic or secondary causes. It is characterized by episodes of sudden flaccid muscle weakness. Timely detection may mitigate the risk of severe complications. Secondary causes of hypoPP, such as hyperthyroidism, should be ruled out, as this could lead to thyrotoxic periodic paralysis. We report the case of a 19-year-old boy who presented to the ED with severe weakness in both the upper and lower extremities. The weakness rapidly progressed to his trunk and was accompanied by acute urinary retention. The physical examination was significant for bilateral upper and lower extremity weakness. Subsequent laboratory investigations revealed markedly low serum potassium levels. The patient's symptoms resolved after the replacement of potassium, and he was discharged without neurological deficits. Although rarely accompanied by acute urinary retention, hypoPP must be differentiated from other causes of weakness and paralysis so that the proper treatment can be initiated quickly. The rarity of hypoPP, a condition seldom encountered in clinical practice, and the added rarity of its coexistence with acute urinary retention further underscore the uniqueness of this case report.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sara
- Internal Medicine, Public Health Centre, Chennai, IND
| | - Dhigvijay Tv
- General Surgery, Sri Saraswathi Hospital and Surgical Center, Krishnagiri, IND
| | - Gokulesh Dg
- Internal Medicine, Madras Medical College, Chennai, IND
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Javid M, Abdullah A, Ganapathy R, Gupta YB, Selvaraj S, Ilangovan AK, Sivalingam S, Prasad S. Tamsulosin Versus Mirabegron in Relieving Ureteric Stent-Related Symptoms: A Prospective, Double-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2023; 15:e50502. [PMID: 38222169 PMCID: PMC10787345 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alpha-adrenergic blockers like tamsulosin are widely used in the treatment of stent-related symptoms due to ureteric stents. Recently, mirabegron has emerged as a potential alternative. So, our study aimed to compare the effect of mirabegron and tamsulosin on ureteric stent-related morbidity. Methods In this randomized controlled study, 80 patients undergoing uncomplicated ureteroscopic lithotripsy with double J stenting for ureteric stones were enrolled. They were divided into two groups: Group A (n=40) received mirabegron (25mg) and Group B (n=40) received tamsulosin (0.4mg). Outcomes were assessed using the Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ), International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS), and the visual analog pain scale. The t-test and the Chi-square test were utilized to study the efficacy of the interventions across both groups. Results The USSQ urinary symptom score (25.5 vs 33.45; p < 0.001) and body pain score (16.15 vs 26.02; P < 0.001) were significantly lower in the mirabegron group. However, the general health score (17.0 vs 17.28; p = 0.62) and work performance score (7.6 vs 8.0; p = 0.28) did not show a significant difference. The storage symptom score was significantly lower in the mirabegron group (3.98 vs 5.1; p = 0.001). Furthermore, the mirabegron group reported a better quality of life score (2.18 vs 3; p < 0.001). Conclusion Mirabegron has been shown to reduce urinary symptoms associated with ureteric stents and also results in a better quality of life when compared with tamsulosin. However, large-scale, prospective, multicentric studies are further required to holistically evaluate and comprehend the beneficial effects of mirabegron on stent-related morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Javid
- Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, IND
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Srikala Prasad
- Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, IND
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Javid M, Ilangovan AK, Ganapathy R, Sivalingam S, Selvaraj S, Prasad S, Elumalai P. Role of Posterior Acoustic Shadow Width in Ultrasound in Determining Stone Size in Urolithiasis. Cureus 2023; 15:e49254. [PMID: 38143591 PMCID: PMC10745085 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ultrasound (US) is frequently the initial diagnostic tool for urolithiasis, though computed tomography (CT) remains the imaging modality of choice. However, due to potential overestimations, the accuracy of US in gauging stone size has been a point of contention. This study aims to compare the accuracy of stone size measurements in US, specifically evaluating the utility of the posterior acoustic shadow (PAS) width, against the CT measurements. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study where 120 adult patients (aged >18 years) with confirmed urolithiasis through CT participated. Stone sizes were assessed via both CT and US, with the PAS width also being measured in the latter. Statistical analysis compared stone size discrepancies between both CT and US measurement techniques. Results The study enrolled 73 males and 47 females with various stone locations. The average stone sizes were 15.93 ± 4.59 mm (CT), 18.60 ± 4.80 mm (US), and 16.69 ± 4.61 mm (PAS width). There was a mean difference of 2.67 mm (p < 0.0001) between CT and US sizes, whereas the difference between the PAS width and CT sizes was only 0.75 mm (p = 0.203). Stone size miscalculation by US was 16.77%, whereas it was only 4.77% for PAS width. Conclusion US tends to significantly overestimate stone size when compared to CT. Conversely, the measurement of the PAS width in US presents a more aligned estimation to CT outputs. Integrating PAS width into routine US reporting can enhance the accuracy of stone size estimation, optimizing urolithiasis management and patient counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Javid
- Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, IND
| | | | | | | | | | - Srikala Prasad
- Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, IND
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Javid M, Selvaraj S, Ganapathy R, Sivalingam S, Prasad S, Ilangovan AK, Elumalai P. Chengai Nomogram: A Comprehensive Study of Uroflow Parameters and Characteristics in Healthy Adult Males From South India. Cureus 2023; 15:e48283. [PMID: 38058318 PMCID: PMC10696164 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Uroflowmetry is a widely accepted non-invasive diagnostic modality used in the evaluation of lower urinary tract dysfunction. While various nomograms have been established for different populations and races, there has been a lack of studies that focus on the South Indian populations. Consequently, the objective of the study was to investigate the urinary flow parameters in a healthy adult male South Indian population using uroflowmetry and identify the variations in flow rates. Additionally, the study sought to assess the influence of age and voided volume (VV) on flow rates and create a representative nomogram. Methods A total of 500 uroflowmetry tests were prospectively performed on healthy adult males. The gravimetric method was utilized for uroflowmetry. Flow charts and parameters were analyzed for correlation and linear regression models, and statistical calculations were employed to generate uroflow nomograms. Results The mean age of the participants was 37.77±9.91 years. The mean values for maximum flow rate (Qmax), average flow rate (Qavg), and VV were 23.42±6.64 mL/s, 11.71±3.77 mL/s, and 229.90±59 mL, respectively. A significant correlation was observed between flow rates (Qmax and Qavg) and VV, which indicated that increased VV leads to higher flow rates. Additionally, a significant negative correlation between the flow rates and age was noted. Conclusion The findings provide insight into the uroflow parameters of the South Indian adult male population and contribute to the development of nomograms, establishing normal reference ranges for flow rates across varying VVs. As a tribute to the hospital and the study participants, the nomogram was named the "Chengai Nomogram."
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Javid
- Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, IND
| | | | | | | | - Srikala Prasad
- Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, IND
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Javid M, Selvaraj S, Ganapathy R, Sivalingam S, Prasad S. An Unusual Case of Inflammatory Pseudotumor of Paratesticular Region. Cureus 2023; 15:e46768. [PMID: 37954714 PMCID: PMC10632551 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory pseudotumors (IPT) are rare benign tumors that can develop in various regions of the body. Notably, IPTs have been uncommonly described in the Genitourinary system including occasional reports from the paratesticular region. This origin from this area is significant because of the ambiguity in differentiating this pathology from malignant lesions arising from the testis. We would like to report a case of a 32-year-old male who presented with a painless left scrotal mass for two years. Ultrasonography was done followed by a radical orchidectomy and histopathological examination of the excised lesion showed features suggestive of inflammatory pseudotumor from the paratesticular region. We feel this case merits reporting owing to the rarity of IPT occurring in the paratesticular region and the essential need for increased awareness and differentiation from the malignant counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Javid
- Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, IND
| | | | | | | | - Srikala Prasad
- Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, IND
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Ehsan MA, Khan A, Suliman MH, Javid M. Facile deposition of FeNi/Ni hybrid nanoflower electrocatalysts for effective and sustained water oxidation. Nanoscale Adv 2023; 5:5122-5130. [PMID: 37705797 PMCID: PMC10496914 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00298e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic iron-nickel (FeNi) compounds are widely studied materials for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) owing to their high electrocatalytic performance and low cost. In this work, we produced thin films of the FeNi alloy on nickel foam (NF) by using an aerosol-assisted chemical deposition (AACVD) method and examined their OER catalytic activity. The hybrid FeNi/Ni catalysts obtained after 1 and 2 h of AACVD deposition show improved charge transfer and kinetics for the OER due to the strong interface between the FeNi alloy and Ni support. The FeNi/Ni-2h catalyst has higher catalytic activity than the FeNi/Ni-1h catalyst because of its nanoflower morphology that provides a large surface area and numerous active sites for the OER. Therefore, the FeNi/Ni-2h catalyst exhibits low overpotentials of 300 and 340 mV at 50 and 500 mA cm-2 respectively, and excellent stability over 100 h, and ∼0% loss after 5000 cycles in 1 M KOH electrolyte. Furthermore, this catalyst has a small Tafel slope, low charge transfer resistance and high current exchange density and thus surpasses the benchmark IrO2 catalyst. The easy, simple, and scalable AACVD method is an effective way to develop thin film electrocatalysts with high activity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Ehsan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES) Saudi Arabia
| | - Abuzar Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES) Saudi Arabia
| | - Munzir H Suliman
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES) Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Javid
- Core Research Facilities, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Box 5040 Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
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Javid M, Ilangovan AK, Selvaraj S, Ganapathy R, Prasad S. Beyond the Breaking Point: A Unique Case Report of a Penile Fracture With a Distal Urethral Injury. Cureus 2023; 15:e46268. [PMID: 37908947 PMCID: PMC10615226 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A penile fracture is a rare urological emergency, often resulting from blunt trauma to the erect penis. This case report describes a 30-year-old male who presented with penile swelling during sexual intercourse, raising suspicion of a penile fracture. The patient underwent surgical exploration, revealing a rent in the tunica albuginea and an additional laceration in the corpus spongiosum with the Foley catheter exposed. The lacerations were closed using Vicryl sutures over a Foley catheter. The patient experienced an uneventful postoperative course, and follow-up assessments showed satisfactory healing of the urethra. This case underlines the need for clinicians to consider the possibility of urethral involvement in cases of penile fracture, as timely surgical intervention can prevent long-term sequelae such as erectile dysfunction and urethral strictures. By sharing this case, we hope to further emphasize the need for vigilance and swift action when faced with potential penile fractures in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Javid
- Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, IND
| | | | | | | | - Srikala Prasad
- Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, IND
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11
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Javid M, Reddiboina M, Bhandari M. Emergence of artificial generative intelligence and its potential impact on urology. Can J Urol 2023; 30:11588-11598. [PMID: 37633285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Artificial generative intelligence (AGI) and large language models (LLMs) have gained significant attention in healthcare and hold enormous promise for transforming every aspect of our life and urology is no exception. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature search of electronic databases and included articles discussing AGI and LLMs in healthcare. Additionally, we have incorporated our experiences interacting with the ChatGPT and GPT-4 in different situations with real case reports and case constructs. RESULTS Our review highlights the potential applications and likely impact of these technologies in urology, for differential diagnosis, prioritizing treatment options, and facilitating research, surgeon, and patient education. At their current developmental stage, we have recognized the need for concurrent validation and continuous human interaction necessary to induce inverse reinforced learning with human feedback to mature them to authenticity. We need to consciously adjust to the hallucinations and guard patients' confidentiality before their extensive implementations in clinical practice. We propose possible remedies for these shortcomings and emphasize the critical role of human interaction in their evolution. CONCLUSION The integration of these tools has the potential to revolutionize urology, but it also presents several challenges needing attention. To harness the full potential of these models, urologists must consistently engage in training these tools with their clinical sense and experience. We urge the urology community to actively participate in AGI and LLM development to address potential challenges. These models could help us in unleashing our full potential and help us achieve a better work-life balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Javid
- Department of Urology, Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu, India
| | | | - Mahendra Bhandari
- Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Lines KE, Stevenson M, Mihai R, Grigorieva IV, Shariq OA, Gaynor KU, Jeyabalan J, Javid M, Thakker RV. Hypoxia stimulates angiogenesis and a metabolic switch in human parathyroid adenoma cells. Endocr Oncol 2021; 1:23-32. [PMID: 37435188 PMCID: PMC10265544 DOI: 10.1530/eo-21-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a primary stimulus for angiogenesis, is important for tumour proliferation and survival. The effects of hypoxia on parathyroid tumour cells, which may also be important for parathyroid autotransplantation in patients, are, however, unknown. We, therefore, assessed the effects of hypoxia on gene expression in parathyroid adenoma (PA) cells from patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Cell suspensions from human PAs were cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions and then subjected to cDNA expression analysis. In total, 549 genes were significantly upregulated and 873 significantly downregulated. The most highly upregulated genes (carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), Solute carrier family 2A1 (SLC2A1) and hypoxia-inducible lipid droplet-associated protein (HIG2)) had known involvement in hypoxia responses. Dysregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis pathway genes were also observed, consistent with data indicating that cells shift metabolic strategy of ATP production in hypoxic conditions and that tumour cells predominantly utilise anaerobic glycolysis for energy production. Proliferation- and angiogenesis-associated genes linked with growth factor signalling, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1), Jun proto-oncogene (JUN) and ETS proto-oncogene 1 (ETS1), were increased, however, Ras association domain family member 1 (RASSF1), an inhibitor of proliferation was also upregulated, indicating these pathways are unlikely to be biased towards proliferation. Overall, there appeared to be a shift in growth factor signalling pathways from Jak-Stat and Ras signaling to extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α signalling. Thus, our data demonstrate that PAs, under hypoxic conditions, promote the expression of genes known to stimulate angiogenesis, as well as undergoing a metabolic switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Lines
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - M Stevenson
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - R Mihai
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - I V Grigorieva
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - O A Shariq
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - K U Gaynor
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - J Jeyabalan
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - M Javid
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - R V Thakker
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
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Javid M, Swaminathan SP, Mani R, Jebasingh AV. An Unusual Cause of Adult Ileoileal Intussusception. J Glob Infect Dis 2020; 12:228-230. [PMID: 33888965 PMCID: PMC8045545 DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_115_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal intussusception in adults is not considered to be common. Clinical presentations may range from an acute presentation to a chronic one and such wide variations make it challenging to establish the diagnosis on time. Adult intussusceptions usually have an identifiable pathological lead point: commonly a polyp, submucosal lipoma, or other tumors. Our patient, a 42-year-old male, presented to us with features of acute intestinal obstruction. He underwent an emergency laparotomy when intussusception of the ileum was noted; the involved bowel segment was resected. Histopathology showed that the lead point was due to tuberculous lesion. Further investigations showed that the patient had pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), which was not identified till then. The patient was started on antituberculous treatment thereafter and the patient recovered well. We intend to present this case to sensitize the readers to the unusual presentation of intestinal TB as intussusception which should be considered especially in countries with high TB endemicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Javid
- Institute of General Surgery, Madras Medical College, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanthi Ponnandai Swaminathan
- Institute of General Surgery, Madras Medical College, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajeswari Mani
- Institute of General Surgery, Madras Medical College, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arun Victor Jebasingh
- Institute of General Surgery, Madras Medical College, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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14
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Javid M, Swaminathan SP, Kawarat V, Jebasingh AV, Velayutham M. Noniatrogenic Colorectal Barotrauma with Extraperitoneal Rectal Injury. J Emerg Trauma Shock 2020; 13:88-90. [PMID: 32395058 PMCID: PMC7204950 DOI: 10.4103/jets.jets_156_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a 22-year-old male who presented to us with abdomen discomfort with subcutaneous emphysema in the abdomen and lower chest, following a prank played by his friend who had inserted a nozzle through his anal orifice and pumped high-pressure condensed air through it. Computed tomography showed evidence of air pockets in the ischiorectal fossa and pelvis. Intraoperatively, we found large-bowel and small-bowel distension with large-bowel serosal tears and rectal tears. The tears were primarily sutured and a transverse loop colostomy was fashioned to facilitate healing of rectal wounds and to relieve the distension. The colostomy was closed after 8 weeks. The postoperative period turned out to be uneventful. We intend to present this case to sensitize the readers about the unusual mode of presentation and our management which we hope would help the medical fraternity who might encounter similar scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Javid
- Institute of General Surgery, Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanthi Ponnandai Swaminathan
- Institute of General Surgery, Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vikas Kawarat
- Institute of General Surgery, Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arun Victor Jebasingh
- Institute of General Surgery, Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manivannan Velayutham
- Institute of General Surgery, Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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15
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Javid M, Swaminathan S, Mani R, Jebasingh A. A rare case of proliferating trichilemmal tumour of mons pubis in an elderly male. Formos J Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/fjs.fjs_112_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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16
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Lim LM, Galvin SD, Javid M, Matalanis G. Should the radial artery be used as a bypass graft following radial access coronary angiography. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013; 18:219-24. [PMID: 24254539 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivt478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The radial artery (RA) is often selected as the next conduit of choice following the internal thoracic artery for coronary artery bypass grafting operations (CABG). Radial access coronary angiography (RA-CA) has grown in popularity among cardiologists and has been advocated as the access route of choice for coronary angiography and intervention by many groups. However, sheath insertion and instrumentation may lead to structural and functional damage to the RA, which may preclude its use as a bypass conduit. The increasing use of RA-CA may therefore have an adverse effect on the ability to use the RA as a bypass conduit at subsequent CABG. To review this, a best evidence topic in cardiothoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was: 'should the radial artery be used as a bypass conduit following radial access coronary angiography'? Altogether, 167 papers were found using the reported search; 11 papers were identified that provided the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The authors, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these studies were tabulated. Acute RA occlusion occurs in 2.3-30.5% of patients undergoing RA-CA. While a significant number of occluded RA's show recanalization on early follow-up, markers of endothelial function such as intima-media thickening (IMT) and flow-mediated dilatation remain impaired. RA-CA causes structural injury to the RA with evidence of histological injury (including intimal hyperplasia, periarterial tissue/fat necrosis and adventitial inflammation) along with intimal tears and medial dissections evident along the entire length of the vessel. Only one paper directly assesses patency rates of RA's used as bypass grafts following RA-CA finding a significant adverse effect on graft patency (77% patency in RA-CA, compared with 98% in the control group). We recommend avoiding the RA as a bypass conduit if it has previously been used for RA-CA. In situations where conduit options are limited, if possible, the RA should be avoided for at least 3 months following RA-CA and it may be beneficial to assess the RA's patency and flow characteristics with Doppler ultrasound preoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Lim
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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17
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Javid M, Galvin SD, Lo C, Lim L, Srinivasan B, Seevanayagam S, Matalanis G. Can the Radial Artery be Used as a Bypass Graft Following Radial Access Coronary Angiography. Heart Lung Circ 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2013.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Lovegrove R, Javid M, Magee T, Galland R. Endovascular and Open Approaches to Non-thrombosed Popliteal Aneurysm Repair: A Meta-analysis. J Vasc Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2008.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Lovegrove R, Javid M, Magee T, Galland R. Endovascular and Open Approaches to Non-thrombosed Popliteal Aneurysm Repair: A Meta-analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2008; 36:96-100. [PMID: 18396427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2007] [Accepted: 02/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Lovegrove RE, Javid M, Magee TR, Galland RB. A meta-analysis of 21 178 patients undergoing open or endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Br J Surg 2008; 95:677-84. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.6240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Several studies have compared outcomes after elective open and endovascular approaches to abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) surgery, with varying results.
Methods
A random-effects meta-analysis was undertaken to compare operative outcomes, postoperative complications, 30-day mortality and long-term patient survival after surgery. Endpoints were compared using odds ratios (ORs), weighted mean differences (WMDs) or log hazard ratios (HRs) as appropriate.
Results
Forty-two studies comprising 21 178 patients (10 855 open; 10 323 endovascular) were included. In the elective setting (20 715 patients), the endovascular method was associated with a shorter stay in intensive care (WMD − 36 h; P < 0·001) and a shorter total postoperative stay (WMD − 5·4 days; P < 0·001). Cardiac (OR 1·76; P = 0·002) and respiratory (OR 4·01; P < 0·001) complications were more common after open surgery. In the endovascular group, 30-day mortality was lower (OR 0·46; P < 0·001). Endovascular surgery was also associated with an improved long-term aneurysm-related mortality (HR 0·39; P < 0·001). For ruptured AAA (463 patients), the less invasive operation was associated with a reduced stay in intensive care (WMD − 100·4 h; P = 0·005) and a significantly lower 30-day mortality (OR 0·45; P = 0·005).
Conclusions
The endovascular repair of AAA offers a clear benefit in terms of reduction in postoperative adverse events and 30-day mortality. In the longer term, it is also associated with a reduction in aneurysm-related mortality, but not in all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Lovegrove
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Berkshire Hospital, London Road, Reading RG1 5AN, UK
| | - M Javid
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Berkshire Hospital, London Road, Reading RG1 5AN, UK
| | - T R Magee
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Berkshire Hospital, London Road, Reading RG1 5AN, UK
| | - R B Galland
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Berkshire Hospital, London Road, Reading RG1 5AN, UK
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Javid M, Magee T, Galland R. Arterial Thrombosis Associated with Malignant Disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2008; 35:84-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2007.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2007] [Accepted: 08/24/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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22
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Ostlere S, Javid M. Radiculopathy. Imaging 2005. [DOI: 10.1259/imaging/65666422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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23
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Abstract
Sorption of Ni2+ ions by AlPO4 is studied as a function of concentrations and temperature at pH 7. Potentiometric titration, dissolution and FTIR studies are employed to determine the mechanism of the process of the uptake of Ni2+ ions which is found to be both the ion exchange and the surface precipitation of the corresponding metal phosphates. Freundlich equation is found applicable to the sorption data, and is employed to evaluate the thermodynamic parameters deltaH(o) and deltatS(o).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mustafa
- National Centre For Excellence in Physical Chemistry, Peshawar University, Peshawar-25120, Pakistan
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24
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Abstract
Sorption studies were conducted for Co2+ ions on AlPO4 at different concentrations and temperatures. Sorption of Co2+ was found to increase with increase in concentration and temperature. To determine the mechanism of the sorption process, dissolution of AlPO4 in the presence of Co2+ ions and desorption studies were performed which indicated the mechanism of sorption to be the ion exchange followed by precipitation. FTIR studies were also employed to confirm the proposed mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mustafa
- National Centre for Excellence in Physical Chemistry, Peshawar University, Peshawar-25120, Pakistan
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25
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Baker MR, Javid M, Edgley SA. Activation of cerebellar climbing fibres to rat cerebellar posterior lobe from motor cortical output pathways. J Physiol 2001; 536:825-39. [PMID: 11691875 PMCID: PMC2278917 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.00825.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2001] [Accepted: 06/11/2001] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
1. The activation of climbing fibres projecting to the posterior lobe cerebellar cortex by focal stimulation of the cerebral corticofugal pathway was investigated in anaesthetised rats. Large climbing fibre responses were evoked in parts of crus II and paramedian lobule by stimulation of corticofugal fibres. Lesions of the pyramidal tract just rostral to the inferior olive substantially reduced these responses, suggesting that they were not mediated by relays in the rostral brainstem. 2. By comparison of latencies of climbing fibre responses evoked from different locations in the corticofugal pathway, the conduction velocities of the corticofugal fibres that mediate the responses were estimated to be 1.9 +/- 0.3 m s(-1) (mean +/- S.E.M.). The fastest conducting corticofugal fibres were estimated to conduct significantly faster (18.7 +/- 2.3 m s(-1)). 3. Climbing fibre responses with similar form and cerebellar distribution were evoked from sites in the pyramidal tract rostral and caudal to the inferior olive. This suggests that at least a proportion of the fibres that activate climbing fibres are corticospinal fibres. 4. Lesions of the dorsal column nuclei did not affect the climbing fibre responses evoked in crus II, and produced a relatively small reduction of the responses in the paramedian lobule. This implies that the climbing fibre responses were not exclusively mediated via the dorsal column nuclei. 5. Corticofugal evoked climbing fibre responses were mapped across the cerebellar hemisphere. At some sites they were co-localised with responses evoked by limb afferents. On the basis of limb afferent inputs and other work, these zones were tentatively identified as being functionally equivalent to the c1, c2 and d zones described in the cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Baker
- Department of Anatomy, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
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26
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Shahcheraghi GH, Javid M. Abductor paralysis and external oblique transfer. J Pediatr Orthop 2000; 20:380-2. [PMID: 10823609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Eighteen patients with hip abductor paralysis owing to poliomyelitis underwent external oblique muscle transfer. Five male and 13 female patients with a mean age of 15 years 5 months (range, 10-23 years) with an average follow-up of 5 years (range, 2-11 years) were studied. An improvement in gait with decreased limp and swaying and increased ability to walk long distances was seen in 17 patients. Nine patients became free of their assistive ambulatory devices. Subjective improvement was observed in 16 patients (the improved appearance being the main element of satisfaction). According to a detailed scoring system, six excellent, six good, three fair, and three poor results were identified. There was very good correlation between the scoring system and the final outcome, making it a valuable predictive point system. The transfer was suitable for flail lower limb as well.
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27
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Javid M, Shahcheraghi GH, Nooraie H. Ilizarov lengthening in centralized fibula. J Pediatr Orthop 2000; 20:160-2. [PMID: 10739274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Tibial hemimelia often produces major limb length problems (1,6,9,15) as well as foot deformity. The decision to perform reconstructive surgery depends on the expected leg-length discrepancy, the anomalies of the foot, and the status of the knee (4,6,8,15). Congenital bone deficiencies usually have a constant rate of growth inhibition (8), and leg lengthening is often associated with more complications (5,13). The complication rate is also increased with the increased leg-length discrepancy (5). In tibial hemimelia with functioning quadriceps (types I and II) and a functional foot, centralization of the fibula onto the talus and synostosis with the proximal tibia is an accepted reconstructive procedure (1,4,6,7,9,15). However, when the transplanted fibula produces a functional limb for the patient, the correction of leg-length inequality would be a challenge. This is a report of such a case.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Javid
- Namazee Hospital, Shiraz, Iran
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28
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Kumar SR, Javid M, Misra KP, Kumar MV. Complete common AV canal with long survival. Indian Heart J 1997; 49:421-2. [PMID: 9358669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S R Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai
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29
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Abstract
Fifteen cases of paralysis of the quadriceps muscles secondary to poliomyelitis were managed by hamstring tendon transfers with an average follow-up of 48 months. Results of 13.5% excellent, 73% good, and 13.5% fair were obtained, according to an objective scoring system. Significant improvement in gait pattern, relief from brace use, or "hand-on-thigh" ambulation was seen in all cases. A mean extension lag of 30 degrees was observed in patients examined in the sitting position. Lack of active terminal knee flexion, prohibiting comfortable floor sitting, was the main untoward effect and the source of complaint in four patients.
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30
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Javid M, Kumar SR, Kumar MV, Misra KP. Mycotic pulmonary artery aneurysm complicating bacterial endocarditis. Indian Heart J 1996; 48:403-4. [PMID: 8908831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Javid
- Department of Cardiology, Apollo Hospitals, Madras
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31
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Young JB, Javid M, George J. Rest cramps in the elderly. J R Coll Physicians Lond 1989; 23:103-6. [PMID: 2659779 PMCID: PMC5387509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J B Young
- Department of Medicine for the Elderly, St Luke's Hospital, Bradford
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32
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Dubuc FL, Apfelbach H, Simmons JW, Javid M, Nordby EJ. Four brief reports on long-term results of intradiscal chymopapain. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1986:42-4. [PMID: 3708991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Five- to 12-year statistics for 842 patients treated with intradiscal chymopapain are presented by four observers. While the results are presented in different formats, long-term satisfactory results can be reported for 81% of the patients, with a range of 71%-83%.
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33
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Javid M, Levin A, Duff T, Gilboe D. Rebound phenomenon. J Neurosurg 1982; 57:153. [PMID: 7086495 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1982.57.1.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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35
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Abstract
This report describes our experience with the use of osmotic diuretics, governed by continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP), as the primary treatment for 12 consecutive patients suffering from an acute, supratentorial intracerebral hematoma. In all cases the hematoma, as shown by computed tomographic scan, had a long axis of greater than 4.0 cm. ICP and cerebral perfusion pressure were successfully maintained within the assigned limits in all patients, and in none was surgical evacuation required. There was one death during the 6-month follow-up period. With appropriate weighting to differences in admission status, statistical comparison of the patient outcome in the present series with that reported by McKissock et al. suggests that ICP monitoring can improve the outcome of conservatively (and perhaps surgically) treated patients.
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36
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Strother CM, Sackett JF, Crummy AB, Lilleas FG, Zwiebel WJ, Turnipseed WD, Javid M, Mistretta CA, Kruger RA, Ergun DL, Shaw CG. Clinical applications of computerized fluoroscopy: the extracranial carotid arteries. Radiology 1980; 136:781-3. [PMID: 7403561 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.136.3.7403561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Preliminary results obtained with a new computerized fluoroscopic apparatus in examination of the extracranial carotid arteries are described. All patients had clinical signs of symptoms of extracranial occlusive vascular disease. In most cases, image quality was sufficient to display patency of the internal carotid arteries, with excellent correlation between intravenous and conventional angiography. While the new technique is not totally noninvasive, it does eliminate many of the risks and costs of conventional arteriography.
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37
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Javid M, Taylon C. Neurosurgical experience with carotid endarterectomy at University Hospitals (1954-1976). Wis Med J 1978; 77:65-8. [PMID: 685287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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38
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Massaro TA, Javid M. Chemonucleolysis. J Neurosurg 1977; 46:696-7. [PMID: 403256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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39
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Javid M. Office treatment of craniocerebral trauma. Postgrad Med 1977; 61:233-8, 240. [PMID: 854489 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.1977.11712200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The first physician to see a victim of craniocerebral trauma must provide necessary first aid and then rapidly assess the type and extent of injury. The level of consciousness is the most important guide to severity of injury, and frequent appraisal is essential until the critical period is determined to have passed.
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Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contains two groups of proteins that bind tightly to DNA and to polyriboguanylic acid, respectively. In certain diseases the amounts of a given nucleic acid bound by a constant volume of CSF may increase, while in others the amount of such proteins may be reduced. Binding of polyriboguanylic acid increased in CSF samples from patients with brain tumors, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and communicating hydrocephalus, but it significantly decreased in CSF samples from patients with obstructive hydrocephalus. These increases may or may not be proportional to the rise in total CSF proteins characteristic for these diseases. Elevated binding of DNA was observed in samples from patients with hydrocephalus, epilepsy, and cortical atrophy. The technique described may be applicable to the diagnosis of a variety of diseases of the central nervous system.
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Edland RW, Javid M, Ansfield FJ. Glioblastoma multiforme. An analysis of the results of postoperative radiotherapy alone versus radiotherapy and concomitant 5-fluorouracil. (A prospective randomized study of 32 cases). Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1971; 111:337-42. [PMID: 5100220 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.111.2.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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43
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Mitchell JW, Myers GE, Hutchinson WJ, Javid M. An experimental and analytical investigation of an internal cooling technique. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1970; 28:695-9. [PMID: 5445395 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1970.28.5.695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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44
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Javid M, Dardenne G. Evaluation of carbamazepine in the management of tic douloureux and other painful disorders. Wis Med J 1969; 68:95-101. [PMID: 5766471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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