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Abulnaja K, Bakkar A, Kannan K, Al-Manzlawi AM, Kumosani T, Qari M, Moselhy S. Olive leaf (Olea europaea L. folium) extract influences liver microsomal detoxifying enzymes in rats orally exposed to 2-amino-l-methyI-6-phenyI-imidazo pyridine (PhIP). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:16346-16354. [PMID: 36181589 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23341-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Olive tree (Olea europaea, Oleaceae) leaf extract (OLE) exerts many biological activities. One of the most common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that pollute the environment is 2-amino-l-methyI-6-phenyI-imidazo pyridine (PhIP). It is a food-derived carcinogen that is present in fish and meat that has been cooked at high temperatures. Due to the generation of reactive electrophilic species, phase I enzymes have the potential to cause oxidative damage. In order to safely remove these reactive species from the body, phase II detoxification (conjugation) enzymes are necessary. It is not known whether OLE could influence their activities and hence reduce the carcinogenic effects of PhIP. This study evaluated whether OLE could modulate phase I detoxifying enzymes as well as phase II enzymes that metabolize PhIP in rat liver microsomes. Four groups of rats were used: group I: no treatment; group II: OLE (10 mg/kg bw orally); group III: PhIP (0.1 mg/kg bw orally); and group IV: PhIP followed by OLE. After 4 weeks, the activities of phase I enzymes such as CYP1A1 (ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase), CYP2E1 (p-nitrophenol hydroxylase), CYP1A2 (methoxyresorufin O-demethylase), UDP-glucuronyl transferase, sulphotransferase, and glutathione-S transferase were evaluated in rat liver microsomes. Analysis of OLE by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) showed various active ingredients in OLE, including 3,5-Heptadienal (C10H14O), 3,4-dimethoxy benzoic acid (C8H10O3), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy (C8H8O4), 1,3,5-Benzenetriol (C6H6O3), hexadecanoic acid (C16H32O2), and hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (C18H36O2). Our results showed that rats given PhIP were found to have a statistically significant (p < 0.001) reduction in the activities of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP2E1 in comparison with the control group. However, treatment with OLE enhanced their activities but not to a normal level compared with untreated groups. Administration of PhIP decreased the activities of phase II enzymes (glutathione S-transferase, UDP-glucuronyltransferase, or sulphotransferase) (p < 0.01) in comparison with the control group. Histological examination of rat livers was consistent with the biochemical changes. The administration of OLE improved the phase II enzyme activities in animals injected with PhIP. We conclude that OLE influences phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes exposed to PhIP, which may represent a new approach to attenuating carcinogenesis induced by it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Abulnaja
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Bakkar
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA), 6Th of October Giza-Egypt, Giza, Egypt
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Taha Kumosani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Production of Bio-Products for Industrial Applications Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Qari
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Said Moselhy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Abulnaja KO, Kannan K, Al-Manzlawi AMK, Kumosani TA, Qari M, Moselhy SS. Ajwa date flavonoids mitigate neutrophil migration and interferon-γ-induced renal injury by ultraviolet C radiation in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:71607-71613. [PMID: 35604596 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20956-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Date was considered a high nutritional value fruit due to its high content of active ingredients. Frequent exposure to cosmetic radiations including UVC caused deleterious effects and tissue damage and organ affection. This study investigated the efficacy of Ajwa date extract (ADE) in protection against UVC-induced kidney injury in rats. Five groups of rats were included in this study. Group I: Rats were exposed to UVC radiation at a dose 5 kJ (1 h/day) for 28 days. Group II: Rats were pretreated orally with ADE (10 mg/kg/day) 1 h before exposure to UVC radiation with dose 5 kJ. Group III: Rats were pretreated with ADE (15 mg/kg) 1 h before exposure to UVC radiation. Group IV: Rats were exposed to UVC radiation then treated with ADE (10 mg/kg). Group V: Rats exposed to UV radiation then treated with ADE (15 mg/kg) after 1 h from exposure. Analyzing the active constituents of ADE by GC/MS showed that, quercetin, myricetin kaempferol, thymine, and catechol are the most active ingredients. Biochemical markers obtained showed that, serum 8-oxoguanine as marker for DNA damage was increased, and total antioxidant activity and glutathione reduced were decreased (p < 0.01), while neutrophil (p < 0.001), conjugated diene (p < 0.05), and interferon-γ (p < 0.01) were increased after exposure to UVC. However, all the parameters changed were reversed by ADE-treated rats compared with untreated; the higher dose was more effective and protective effect was better than treated effect. Kidney total proteins and reduced glutathione and procollagen levels were decreased while malondialdehyde was increased after exposure to UVC (p < 0.01). These abnormalities were normalized by ADE treatment and protected. It was concluded that, flavonoids from Ajwa extract protected against deleterious effects of UVC by enhancing antioxidant activities and reducing infiltration of neutrophils that caused kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid O Abulnaja
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Taha A Kumosani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Production of Bio-Products for Industrial Applications Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Qari
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Said S Moselhy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Abulnaja KO, Kannan K, Al-Manzlawi AMK, Kumosani TA, Qari M, Moselhy SS. Sensitivity, specificity of biochemical markers for early prediction of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerotic obese subjects. Afr Health Sci 2022; 22:286-294. [PMID: 36407366 PMCID: PMC9652627 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v22i2.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The obesity increased incidence of diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerosis and rate of morbidity and mortality. The main cause of atherosclerosis is endothelial dysfunction and formation of foam cells and macrophage that lead to unfavorable complications. This study evaluated specific biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction as sensitive indices for early predication of atherosclerosis in obese subjects. STUDY DESIGN One hundred fifty male age and sex matching were included in the current study divided into three groups according to body mass index (BMI): Control (BMI ≤ 22), obese (BMI> 28) and obese with atherosclerosis (BMI> 28). Fasting serum was subjected for determination of adhesion molecules, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, E-selectin, oxo-LDL and 8-iso-PGF2α by ELISA technique. RESULTS Data obtained showed that, a significant elevation of serum inflammatory markers CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α and adhesion molecules sICAM-1 (p<0.001) with sensitivity 96%, sVCAM-1 (p <0.01) with sensitivity 92%, E-selectin (p<0.001) with sensitivity 94%, oxo-LDL (p <0.05) and 8-iso-PGF2α (p < 0.001) with sensitivity 97% in obese with atherosclerosis compared with obese and control. CONCLUSION The levels of serum adhesion molecules contributed in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction can be used as sensitive biomarkers for early prediction of atherosclerosis in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid O Abulnaja
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, KAU
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric, New York, University School of medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | - Taha A Kumosani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, KAU
- Production of Bio-products for Industrial Applications Research Group, KAU
| | - Mohamed Qari
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah
| | - Said S Moselhy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Helmi N, Choudhry H, Qari M, Kumosani TA, Al-Malki AL, Moselhy SS, Kumosani AT. Association of serum asymmetric dimethyl-arginine and troponin I levels as a risk of myocardial infarction in thalassemia. Afr Health Sci 2018; 18:720-726. [PMID: 30603005 PMCID: PMC6307029 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v18i3.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study evaluated level of serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and its association to cardiac biomarkers in thalassemia patients for early diagnosis of abnormality in myocardial infarction. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study was conducted on 80 subjects divided into four groups each with 20 subjects. Group I: Control: healthy subjects. Group II: Myocardial infarction: Patients with elevated serum troponin T. Group III: thalassemia patients. Group IV: thalassemia with myocardial infarction patients: Included 20 thalassemia patients with Myocardial infarction. Serum samples were subjected for assay of creatine kinase (CK:MB), Lactate dehydrogenase, troponin I, ADMA, Serum MDA level was determined. RESULTS Data obtained showed that serum CKMB, LDH1, AST, Troponin T and ADMA levels were significant elevated in MI with or without Thalassemia compared with control groups. Serum MDA was statistically significantly elevated in MI with or without Thalassemia compared with control groups. The serum level of troponin T showed an area under curve (AUC) of 0.92, (sensitivity 91.0 % and specificity, 88%). Also, the ADMA supported the diagnostic profile, showing an AUC of 0.85 with (sensitivity, 92.0%; specificity, 91,9%). CONCLUSION Serum ADMA is sensitive marker for incidence of MI in thalassemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Helmi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Choudhry
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science (KAU) ; Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KAU)
| | - M Qari
- Hematology department, Faculty of medical science, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha A Kumosani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science (KAU) ; Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KAU)
- Experimental biochemistry unit, King Fahd Medical Research center, KAU
- Production of bio products for industrial applications research Group, KAU
| | - Abdulrahman L Al-Malki
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science (KAU) ; Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KAU)
- Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, KAU
| | - Said Salama Moselhy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Experimental biochemistry unit, King Fahd Medical Research center, KAU
- Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, KAU
- Biochemistry department, Faculty of science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Afnan T Kumosani
- Department of pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Blood Bank Transfusion medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, National Guards, Jeddah, 21423
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AL-Ghamdi MA, Huwait EA, Kumosani TA, Qari M, Moselhy SS, Kumosani AT. Serum proteins C and S levels as early biomarkers for kidney dysfunction in hemophilic patients. Afr Health Sci 2018; 18:681-688. [PMID: 30603001 PMCID: PMC6307028 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v18i3.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophilia is an inherited genetic disease characterized by the inability to coagulate blood after injury. The rationale of the current study was to evaluate serum proteins S and C and correlate to kidney function test in hemophilic patients for early diagnosis of abnormality in renal function. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study was conducted on 80 males subjects divided into four groups. Group I: Control: Healthy subjects. Group II: Renal dysfunction (serum Creatinine >2mg/dl): Group III: Hemophilic patients. Group IV: Hemophilic patients with renal disorder. Serum urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, protein C and protein S level were determined. RESUTS Protein C and S levels showed a significant decrease in hemophilic/and with renal dysfunction (P < 0.001, p<0.001). The level of plasma protein C and S levels were positively correlated with increased urinary albumin (P < 0.01). Urinary albumin was increased about 15 folds in hemophilic patients with renal dysfunction and nephrotic patients as compared with the control group. The cut-off value in 90% patients at the hemophilic patients with renal dysfunction 70%. Positive correlations were observed between urinary albumin (r=0.66), and creatinine (r=0.73). CONCLUSION These biomarkers showed good predictive values with regard to ROC-AUC (0.41 and 0.75 for Proteins C and S, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam A AL-Ghamdi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Etimad A Huwait
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahad Medical Research center (KFMRC), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha A Kumosani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahad Medical Research center (KFMRC), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Production of bio products for industrial applications research Group, KAU
| | - M Qari
- Hematology Department, Faculty of Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Said S Moselhy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahad Medical Research center (KFMRC), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Afnan T Kumosani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Blood Bank Transfusion Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, National Guards, Jeddah, 21423
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Kherd AA, Helmi N, Balamash KS, Kumosani TA, Al-Ghamdi SA, Qari M, Huwait EA, Yaghmoor SS, Nabil A, Al-Ghamdi MA, Moselhy SS. Changes in erythrocyte ATPase activity under different pathological conditions. Afr Health Sci 2017; 17:1204-1210. [PMID: 29937894 PMCID: PMC5870295 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v17i4.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that Na+-K+ ATPase activity was altered in disrupted red blood cell membranes and this enzyme is believed to be the site of active transport of Na+ and K+ in intact red blood cells. The enzyme is often referred to as Na+-K+ pump because it pumps Na+ out and K+ into the cell against gradients with the concomitant hydrolysis of intracellular ATP. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to find out the possibility of using Na+-K+-ATPase activity as a biomarker for the diagnosis of individuals with different physiological conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The activity of Na+-K+ ATPase was determined in blood samples collected from different pathological and physiological conditions such as pregnancy, smoking, diabetes and renal dysfunction compared with healthy subjects matched for age and sex. RESULTS The Na+-K+ ATPase activity in pregnancy (0.094 ± 0.0051 µM Pi/min. mg protein), smoking (0.064 ± 0.0011 µM), diabetes (0.047 µM 0.002 µM) and kidney disease (0.069 ± 0.0014 µM) was higher compared to the measurements in healthy individuals (0.0081 ± 0.0031 µM). CONCLUSION Na+-K+ATPase specific activity is a biomarker for the diagnosis of individuals with different physiological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Kherd
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Helmi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research center KFMRC, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah Saeed Balamash
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha A Kumosani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research center KFMRC, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Production of natural products for Industrial health Research group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shareefa A Al-Ghamdi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M Qari
- Hematology department, Faculty of Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Etimad A Huwait
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Soonham S Yaghmoor
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research center KFMRC, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Production of natural products for Industrial health Research group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaama Nabil
- King Abdulaziz University hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam A Al-Ghamdi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Said S Moselhy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research center KFMRC, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Al Najjar S, Adam S, Ahmed N, Qari M. Markers of endothelial dysfunction and leucocyte activation in Saudi and non-Saudi haplotypes of sickle cell disease. Ann Hematol 2016; 96:141-146. [PMID: 27686084 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-016-2823-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive inherited hemoglobinopathy, characterized by chronic hemolysis and recurrent vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC). This study investigates changes in leucocyte subsets and the relationship between cell adhesion molecule expression and disease manifestations in patients during steady state and acute VOC. We compared soluble E-selectin and P-selectin levels in 84 SCD patients, in steady state and during VOC to 84 healthy controls. Using immunophenotyping, we also compared lymphocyte subsets in these three groups. Further, we compared E-selectin and P-selectin levels in patients of Saudi ethnicity to non-Saudi patients, in all three groups. Lymphocyte subsets showed high percentages of total T lymphocytes, T helper and suppressor lymphocytes, B lymphocytes as well as NK cells in patients with SCD during steady state, while B lymphocytes and NK cells were significantly higher during acute VOC crisis. High levels of both soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) markers were demonstrated in the serum of patients with SCD during both steady state and acute VOC. Levels of selectins were significantly higher in acute VOC. The immunophenotypic expression of L-selectin, on leucocytes, was high in SCD both during steady state and during acute VOC in comparison to normal control subjects. There was no significant difference in all three study groups between Saudi and non-Saudi patients. These findings suggest that patients with SCD have increased expression of adhesion molecules: E-selectin and P-selectin, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of VOC. Despite the distinct phenotype of Saudi patients with SCD, there was no significant difference in levels of soluble E-selectin and soluble P-selectin between Saudi and non-Saudi patients in all three groups. While sickle cell disease is a well-recognized state of chronic inflammation, the role of specific adhesion molecules is steadily unraveling. Studies are underway to investigate the potential role of selectin antagonists, for prevention and reversal of acute vascular occlusions in SCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Al Najjar
- Department of Hematology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soheir Adam
- Department of Hematology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia. .,Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Nessar Ahmed
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Mohamed Qari
- Department of Hematology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia
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Rouzi A, Ardawi M, Qari M, Bakhish T, Raddadi R, Ali A. Risk factors for falls in a longitudinal cohort study of saudi postmenopausal women: the CEOR study. Fertil Steril 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Farge-Bancel D, Debourdeau P, Beckers M, Baglin C, Bauersachs R, Brenner B, Brilhante D, Falanga A, Gerotziafas G, Kakkar A, Khorana A, Lecumberri R, Mandalà M, Marty M, Monréal M, Mousa S, Nissim H, Noble S, Pabinger I, Prins M, Qari M, Streiff M, Bounameaux H, Büller H. Abstract related to PL-22 Guidelines for antithrombotics in cancer patients. Thromb Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(12)70141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Greene R, Mousa SS, Ardawi M, Qari M, Mousa SA. Pharmacogenomics in osteoporosis: Steps toward personalized medicine. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2009; 2:69-78. [PMID: 23226036 PMCID: PMC3513203 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s5803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a complicated and preventable disease with major morbidity complications that affects millions of people. In the last 15 years, there have been numerous studies and research in the new fields of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics related to osteoporosis. Numerous “candidate genes” have been identified and have been found to be associated with osteoporosis as well as the treatment of osteoporosis. Many studies have found conflicting results on different polymorphisms and whether or not they are related to bone mineral density and osteoporosis. There is a need for larger and better designed pharmacogenomic studies related to osteoporosis incorporating a greater variety of candidate genes. The evaluation of osteoporosis and fracture risk is moving from a risk stratification approach to a more individualized approach, in which an individual’s absolute risk of fracture is evaluable as a constellation of the individual’s environmental exposure and genetic makeup. Therefore, the identification of gene variants associated with osteoporosis phenotypes or response to therapy might help individualize the prognosis, treatment, and prevention of fracture. This review focuses on major candidate genes and what needs to be done to take the genetics of osteoporosis and incorporate them into the pharmacogenomics of the management of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Greene
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | - Mohamed Ardawi
- Center of Excellence in Osteoporosis Research, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Qari
- Center of Excellence in Osteoporosis Research, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA
- Correspondence: Shaker A Mousa, Executive VP and Chairman of the Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA, Tel +1 518 694 7397, Fax +1 518 694 7567, Email
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Qadri SM, Postle AG, Qari M, Quraishi MA. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) as intestinal flora from poultry in Riyadh. Ann Saudi Med 1997; 17:553-4. [PMID: 17339790 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.1997.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S M Qadri
- Departments of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, and Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
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Qari M, Qadri SM. Parvovirus B19 infection. Associated diseases, common and uncommon. Postgrad Med 1996; 100:239-43, 246, 252. [PMID: 8668619 DOI: 10.3810/pgm.1996.07.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Parvovirus B19 infection is common worldwide but is often asymptomatic. However, the virus has been implicated in numerous disorders, including aplastic crisis in patients with chronic hemolytic anemia, erythema infectiosum, arthropathy, arthritis, and fetal infections. Diagnostic tests are not routine, but several are available through commercial reference laboratories. Treatment ranges from analgesics and antipyretics for mild and self-limited illness to administration of commercial immunoglobulin preparations and blood transfusion for more serious conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Qari
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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