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Kumar S, Ahmed F, Ahmad N, Shaalan NM, Kumar R, Alshoaibi A, Arshi N, Dalela S, Albossed M, Chae KH, Alvi PA, Kumari K. Role of Cr Doping on the Structure, Electronic Structure, and Electrochemical Properties of BiFeO 3 Nanoparticles. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15124118. [PMID: 35744177 PMCID: PMC9227576 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BiFe1−xCrxO3, (0 ≤ x ≤ 10) nanoparticles were prepared through the sol−gel technique. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques, viz., X-ray diffraction, high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (HRFESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), UV−Vis absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), dc magnetization, near-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, to investigate the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic and electrochemical properties. The structural analysis showed the formation of BiFeO3 with rhombohedral (R3c) as the primary phase and Bi25FeO39 as the secondary phase. The secondary phase percentage was found to reduce with increasing Cr content, along with reductions in crystallite sizes, lattice parameters and enhancement in strain. Nearly spherical shape morphology was observed via HRFESEM with Bi, Fe, Cr and O as the major contributing elements. The bandgap reduced from 1.91 to 1.74 eV with the increase in Cr concentration, and PL spectra revealed emissions in violet, blue and green regions. The investigation of magnetic field (H)-dependent magnetization (M) indicated a significant effect of Cr substitution on the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles. The ferromagnetic character of the samples was found to increase with the increase in the Cr concentration and the increase in the saturation magnetization. The Fe (+3/+4) was dissolved in mixed-valence states, as found through NEXAFS analysis. Electrochemical studies showed that 5%-Cr-doped BFO electrode demonstrated outstanding performance for supercapacitors through a specific capacitance of 421 F g−1 measured with a scan rate of 10 mV s−1. It also demonstrated remarkable cyclic stability through capacitance retention of >78% for 2000 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalendra Kumar
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (N.M.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
- Department of Physics, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Faheem Ahmed
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (N.M.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Naushad Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nagih M. Shaalan
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (N.M.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi 110078, India;
| | - Adil Alshoaibi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (N.M.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Nishat Arshi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Hofuf Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saurabh Dalela
- Department of Pure & Applied Physics, University of Kota, Kota 324005, India;
| | - Mohammed Albossed
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (N.M.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Keun Hwa Chae
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Korea;
| | - Parvez Ahmad Alvi
- Department of Physics, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, India;
| | - Kavita Kumari
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea;
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