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Corso S, Cargnelutti M, Durando S, Menegon S, Apicella M, Migliore C, Capeloa T, Ughetto S, Isella C, Medico E, Bertotti A, Sassi F, Sarotto I, Casorzo L, Pisacane A, Mangioni M, Sottile A, Degiuli M, Fumagalli U, Sgroi G, Molfino S, De Manzoni G, Rosati R, De Simone M, Marrelli D, Saragoni L, Rausei S, Pallabazzer G, Roviello F, Cassoni P, Sapino A, Bass A, Giordano S. Rituximab Treatment Prevents Lymphoma Onset in Gastric Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts. Neoplasia 2018; 20:443-455. [PMID: 29574251 PMCID: PMC5915970 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient-Derived Xenografts (PDXs), entailing implantation of cancer specimens in immunocompromised mice, are emerging as a valuable translational model that could help validate biologically relevant targets and assist the clinical development of novel therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer. More than 30% of PDXs generated from gastric carcinoma samples developed human B-cell lymphomas instead of gastric cancer. These lymphomas were monoclonal, Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) positive, originated tumorigenic cell cultures and displayed a mutational burden and an expression profile distinct from gastric adenocarcinomas. The ability of grafted samples to develop lymphomas did not correlate with patient outcome, nor with the histotype, the lymphocyte infiltration level, or the EBV status of the original gastric tumor, impeding from foreseeing lymphoma onset. Interestingly, lymphoma development was significantly more frequent when primary rather than metastatic samples were grafted. Notably, the development of such lympho-proliferative disease could be prevented by a short rituximab treatment upon mice implant, without negatively affecting gastric carcinoma engraftment. Due to the high frequency of human lymphoma onset, our data show that a careful histologic analysis is mandatory when generating gastric cancer PDXs. Such care would avoid misleading results that could occur if testing of putative gastric cancer therapies is performed in lymphoma PDXs. We propose rituximab treatment of mice to prevent lymphoma development in PDX models, averting the loss of human-derived samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Corso
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | - Cristina Migliore
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Tania Capeloa
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy; Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Stefano Ughetto
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | | | - Enzo Medico
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Andrea Bertotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | | | - Ivana Sarotto
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Laura Casorzo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giovanni Sgroi
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Surgical Science Department, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio (BG), Italy
| | - Sarah Molfino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Surgical Clinic, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Manzoni
- First Department of General Surgery, Borgo Trento Hospital, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rosati
- Gastroenterological Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Marrelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Unit of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Luca Saragoni
- Pathology Unit, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Stefano Rausei
- Department of Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Franco Roviello
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Unit of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Anna Sapino
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Adam Bass
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Silvia Giordano
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy.
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Sottile A, Ortega C, Berruti A, Mangioni M, Saponaro S, Polo A, Prati V, Muto G, Aglietta M, Montemurro F. A pilot study evaluating serum pro-prostate-specific antigen in patients with rising PSA following radical prostatectomy. Oncol Lett 2012; 3:819-824. [PMID: 22741000 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
[-2]pro-prostate-specific antigen (2pPSA), a proform of PSA, is a new marker in patients at risk of prostate cancer. We explored the potential role of 2pPSA in the identification of patients with metastatic progression following radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Seventy-six patients with biochemical (PSA) recurrence following radical prostatectomy were studied retrospectively. Diagnostic imaging performed at the time of biochemical recurrence confirmed metastatic disease in 31 of the 76 patients. Serum samples were collected and stored at the time of imaging-confirmed metastatic progression or at the most recent procedure for patients with negative imaging. Median values of PSA, free PSA (fPSA), %fPSA, 2pPSA and prostate health index (PHI) were compared between metastatic and non-metastatic patients by the Mann-Whitney U test. The results of each test were then correlated with metastatic status by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. PSA, fPSA, %fPSA, 2pPSA serum concentrations and PHI values were statistically significantly higher in patients with metastatic disease. Results of the multivariate analysis revealed that 2pPSA remained a statistically significant predictor of imaging-proven metastatic prostate cancer among patients with biochemical recurrence. At a cut-off value of 12.25 pg/ml, 2pPSA outperformed the other markers in terms of sensitivity and specificity (97 and 80%, respectively) with respect to imaging-confirmed metastatic progression. This is the first study suggesting that 2pPSA predicts diagnostic imaging-proven metastatic disease in previously resected prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence. Our results merit validation in a prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Sottile
- Oncology Foundation of Piedmont, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Laboratory Medicine, Candiolo, Italy
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