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Toro-Pérez D, Limonero JT, Guillen M, Bolancé C, Vilarrubí SN, Camprodon-Rosanas E. Evaluating quality of life in pediatric palliative care: a cross-sectional analysis of children's and parents' perspectives. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1305-1314. [PMID: 38112799 PMCID: PMC10951001 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05330-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The patient's perspective is an essential component of understanding the individual experience of suffering in children with palliative needs, but it is a perspective that is often overlooked. The aim of this study was to compare the perception of quality of life (QoL) of children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions expressed by the children themselves and their parents. Through a cross-sectional study, the responses of 44 parent-child dyads were obtained and the analysis was performed with the statistics based on Student's t distribution and non-parametric tests. Children value QoL more positively (mean = 6.95, SD = 1.85) than their parents (mean = 5.39, SD = 2.43). This difference exists even if we consider sociodemographic and disease variables. The presence of exacerbated symptoms is the situation in which both parents (mean = 3.70; SD = 1.95) and children (mean = 5.60; SD = 1.17) evaluate QoL more negatively. CONCLUSIONS Children have a more optimistic view than their parents. When the child is the one who reports a lower QoL score than their parent, the child should be carefully monitored. The voice of the child and that of the family members can be collected to create a "family voice" and can be complementary. WHAT IS KNOWN • Children with life-limiting conditions experience multiple and changing symptoms that affect their QoL. • The child's perspective is often overlooked. WHAT IS NEW • Children value QoL more positively than their parents do, even if we control for sociodemographic variables and the disease itself. • When the child is the one who reports a lower QoL score than their parent, the child should be carefully monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Toro-Pérez
- School of Psychology, Stress and Health Research Group, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Palliative Care and Complex Chronic Patient Service (C2P2), Sant Joan de Déu Hospital in Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Children and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
- ANJANA Working Group, Catalan-Balearic Society of Palliative Care, Catalan Society of Pediatrics, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joaquin T Limonero
- School of Psychology, Stress and Health Research Group, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Guillen
- Department of Econometrics, Statistics and Applied Economics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Catalina Bolancé
- Department of Econometrics, Statistics and Applied Economics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Navarro Vilarrubí
- Palliative Care and Complex Chronic Patient Service (C2P2), Sant Joan de Déu Hospital in Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ANJANA Working Group, Catalan-Balearic Society of Palliative Care, Catalan Society of Pediatrics, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Camprodon-Rosanas
- Children and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
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Masello L, Castignani G, Sheehan B, Guillen M, Murphy F. Using contextual data to predict risky driving events: A novel methodology from explainable artificial intelligence. Accid Anal Prev 2023; 184:106997. [PMID: 36854225 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.106997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Usage-based insurance has allowed insurers to dynamically tailor insurance premiums by understanding when and how safe policyholders drive. However, telematics information can also be used to understand the driving contexts experienced by the driver within each trip (e.g., road types, weather, traffic). Since different combinations of these conditions affect exposure to accidents, this understanding introduces predictive opportunities in driving risk assessment. This paper investigates the relationships between driving context combinations and risk using a naturalistic driving dataset of 77,859 km. In particular, XGBoost and Random Forests are used to determine the predictive significance of driving contexts for near-misses, speeding and distraction events. Moreover, the most important contextual factors in predicting these risky events are identified and ranked through Shapley Additive Explanations. The results show that the driving context has significant power in predicting driving risk. Speed limit, weather temperature, wind speed, traffic conditions and road slope appear in the top ten most relevant features for most risky events. Analysing contextual feature variations and their influence on risky events showed that low-speed limits increase the predicted frequency of speeding and phone unlocking events, whereas high-speed limits decrease harsh accelerations. Low temperatures decrease the expected frequency of harsh manoeuvres, and precipitations increase harsh acceleration, harsh braking, and distraction events. Furthermore, road slope, intersections and pavement quality are the most critical factors among road layout attributes. The methodology presented in this study aims to support road safety stakeholders and insurers by providing insights to study the contextual risk factors that influence road accident frequency and driving risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Masello
- University of Limerick, Limerick KB3-040, Ireland; Motion-S S.A., Mondorf-les-Bains L-5610, Luxembourg
| | - German Castignani
- Motion-S S.A., Mondorf-les-Bains L-5610, Luxembourg; University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette L-4365, Luxembourg
| | | | - Montserrat Guillen
- Department of Econometrics, Statistics and Applied Economics, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal, 690, Barcelona 08034, Catalonia, Spain
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Toro-Pérez D, Camprodon-Rosanas E, Navarro Vilarrubí S, Bolancé C, Guillen M, Limonero JT. Assessing well-being in pediatric palliative care: A pilot study about views of children, parents and health professionals. Palliat Support Care 2023:1-9. [PMID: 36960600 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951523000251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our research aims to compare the perception that children in the pediatric palliative care setting have of their emotional well-being, or that expressed by the parents, with the perception held by the professionals involved in their care. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the emotional well-being of 30 children with a mean age of 10.8 years (standard deviation [SD] = 6.1) is evaluated. Children, or parents where necessary, evaluate their situation with a question about emotional well-being on a 0-10 visual analog scale. For each child, a health professional also rates the child's emotional status using the same scale. RESULTS The average child's emotional well-being score provided by children or parents was 7.1 (SD = 1.6), while the average score given by health professionals was 5.6 (SD = 1.2). Children or parents graded the children's emotional well-being significantly higher than professionals (t-test = 4.6, p-value < .001). Health professionals rated the children's emotional well-being significantly lower when the disease status was progressive than when the disease was not (t-test = 2.2, p-value = .037). SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Children themselves, or their parents, report more positive evaluations of emotional well-being than health professionals. Sociodemographic and disease variables do not seem to have a direct influence on this perception, rather it is more likely that children, parents, and professionals focus on different aspects and that children or parents need to hold on to a more optimistic vision. We must emphasize that when this difference is more pronounced, it can be a warning sign that further analysis is required of the situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Toro-Pérez
- School of Psychology, Stress and Health Research Group, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Children and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Palliative Care and Complex Chronic Patient Service (C2P2), Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Camprodon-Rosanas
- Children and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Navarro Vilarrubí
- Department of Palliative Care and Complex Chronic Patient Service (C2P2), Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Catalina Bolancé
- Department of Econometrics, Statistics and Applied Economics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Guillen
- Department of Econometrics, Statistics and Applied Economics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín T Limonero
- School of Psychology, Stress and Health Research Group, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Salas-Molina F, Rodríguez-Aguilar JA, Guillen M. A multidimensional review of the cash management problem. Financ Innov 2023; 9:67. [PMID: 36936884 PMCID: PMC10014414 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we summarize and analyze the relevant research on the cash management problem appearing in the literature. First, we identify the main dimensions of the cash management problem. Next, we review the most relevant contributions in this field and present a multidimensional analysis of these contributions, according to the dimensions of the problem. From this analysis, several open research questions are highlighted.
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Pons-Novell J, Guillen M. The Autonomous Capacity of the Elderly Population in Spain for Shopping and Preparing Meals. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14828. [PMID: 36429546 PMCID: PMC9691086 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A loss of the ability to buy and prepare meals, especially in people aged 65 and over, leads to a deterioration in their optimal level of nutrition. The Index of Autonomy in Food Acquisition (IAFA) was used to identify contributing factors. This is a composite indicator for shopping and meal preparation that can be used to assess the degree of autonomous capacity observed in a specific group. Data from the European Health Survey in Spain (7167 respondents aged 65 and over) show that capacity decreased with age and that women were less affected than men, with very little difference found in levels of autonomous capacity by territory. However, in relation to different income levels, after standardizing for age and sex, no evidence was found for differences in the ability to access and prepare meals in groups that were separated by income level. This result shows the importance of standardizing when analysing food acquisition autonomy in groups of people aged 65 years and over.
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Guillen M, Bardes Robles I, Bordera Cabrera E, Acebes Roldán X, Bolancé C, Jorba D, Moriña D. Acute respiratory infection rates in primary care anticipate ICU bed occupancy during COVID-19 waves. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267428. [PMID: 35507567 PMCID: PMC9067638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bed occupancy in the ICU is a major constraint to in-patient care during COVID-19 pandemic. Diagnoses of acute respiratory infection (ARI) by general practitioners have not previously been investigated as an early warning indicator of ICU occupancy. Methods A population-based central health care system registry in the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain, was used to analyze all diagnoses of ARI related to COVID-19 established by general practitioners and the number of occupied ICU beds in all hospitals from Catalonia between March 26, 2020 and January 20, 2021. The primary outcome was the cross-correlation between the series of COVID-19-related ARI cases and ICU bed occupancy taking into account the effect of bank holidays and weekends. Recalculations were later implemented until March 27, 2022. Findings Weekly average incidence of ARI diagnoses increased from 252.7 per 100,000 in August, 2020 to 496.5 in October, 2020 (294.2 in November, 2020), while the average number of ICU beds occupied by COVID-19-infected patients rose from 1.7 per 100,000 to 3.5 in the same period (6.9 in November, 2020). The incidence of ARI detected in the primary care setting anticipated hospital occupancy of ICUs, with a maximum correlation of 17.3 days in advance (95% confidence interval 15.9 to 18.9). Interpretation COVID-19-related ARI cases may be a novel warning sign of ICU occupancy with a delay of over two weeks, a latency window period for establishing restrictions on social contacts and mobility to mitigate the propagation of COVID-19. Monitoring ARI cases would enable immediate adoption of measures to prevent ICU saturation in future waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Guillen
- Riskcenter-IREA, Department of Econometrics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Xénia Acebes Roldán
- CatSalut Care Management Direction, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Catalina Bolancé
- Riskcenter-IREA, Department of Econometrics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Jorba
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Moriña
- Department of Econometrics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Lleo A, Ruiz-Palomino P, Guillen M, Marrades-Pastor E. The role of ethical trustworthiness in shaping trust and affective commitment in schools. Ethics & Behavior 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2034504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Lleo
- School of Economics and Business, Business Department, Campus Universitario, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - P. Ruiz-Palomino
- Department of Business Administration, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
- Institute for Ethics in Communication and Organizations (Ieco), Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Guillen
- Department of Business Administration Juan José Renau Piqueras (University of Valencia) and Ieco, Valencia, Spain
| | - E. Marrades-Pastor
- Department of Business Organization, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Guillen M, Bolancé C, Frees EW, Valdez EA. Case study data for joint modeling of insurance claims and lapsation. Data Brief 2021; 39:107639. [PMID: 34901350 PMCID: PMC8640253 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dataset tracks 40,284 insurance clients over five years, between 2010 and 2015, who subscribed to both automobile and homeowners insurance. We have combined information on these customers. First, the characteristics including age, gender or driving experience, among others and dates of renewal for the two types of policies considered here. Note that we have only considered clients corresponding to persons and not commercial firms that can also underwrite home and motor insurance policies. Second, the policy data file for motor vehicle insurance consists of all vehicle insurance coverage including power, driving area or whether there is a second driver that drives the car occasionally. Third, the policy data file for homeowners insurance has information on the property such as value of the building (essentially the value of the home without any furniture, apparel and personal items), location and type of dwelling. Besides these three sources, we have access to data containing information on the number of claims and total cost of those claims per year and per policy type. So, for all policies that are in force, we finally have up to a five year record of the yearly cost of claims in the motor insurance and in the home coverage. If the customer does not renew one of those two policies or both, we do not have more information after this lapse occurs. After summarizing the data, we provide the usual marginal analysis, where we fit regression models using Tweedie distributions for claims and a logistic model for lapse. Data can be used for joint analysis of insurance policyholders with more than one product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Edward W Frees
- University of Wisconsin-Madison and Australian National University, United States
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9
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Cespon Fernandez M, Nunez Gil I, Jamhour K, Abu-Assi E, Aritza Conty D, Vedia O, Almendro Delia M, Sionis A, Martin Garcia AC, Corbi Pascual M, Martinez Selles M, Uribarri A, Guillen M, Garcia Acuna JM, Raposeiras Roubin S. Long-term prognostic impact of renin-angiotensin system blockade in tako-tsubo syndrome. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Medical therapy in TakoTsubo Syndrome (TTS) remains mainly empirical, given the lack of randomized studies evaluating different pharmacological strategies.
The prognostic benefit of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) is not well established. The clinical data published so far are often based on small sample registries and offer opposite results, both in terms of survival and TTS recurrence.
Expert recommendations seem favorable to the prescription of ACEI and ARB. Nevertheless, clinical investigation is encouraged for validating the observed results.
Purpose
The aim of our study was to evaluate the long-term prognostic impact of renin-angiotesin blockers (ACEI or ARB) in terms of mortality and TTS recurrence.
Methods
The data analyzed in this study were obtained from the nationwide registry “RETAKO”. It included TTS post-discharge survivors, between January 1, 2003, and July 31, 2018. A total of 1062 patients were included for analysis. Cox regression analysis and inverse probability weighting (IPW) propensity score analysis were performed to asses the prognostic benefit of ACEI/ARB. Primary endpoint was a composite outcome of all-cause mortality and TTS recurrence.
Results
A total of 1062 TTS patients were included. ACEI or ARB were used in 639 patients (60.2%). During a mean follow-up of 2.7±3.5 years, there were 101 deaths (3.9 per 100 patients/year) and 34 recurrences of TTS (1.3 per 100 patients/year). We found no significant difference in follow-up mortality or TTS recurrence in unadjusted and adjusted Cox regression analysis (Hazard Ratio [HR] 0.69, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.47–1.02) between patients treated and untreated with ACEI/ARB. After performing propensity score matching, differences in long term prognosis (all-cause mortality or recurrence) remained no statistically significant (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.45–1.18).
Conclusions
In this observational study, we found that ACEI and ARB therapy was not significantly associated with improved long term survival free of recurrence in post-discharged TTS patients.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Incidence of primary endpoint
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K Jamhour
- University Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
| | - E Abu-Assi
- University Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - O Vedia
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - A Sionis
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - A Uribarri
- University Hospital Clinic of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - M Guillen
- University Hospital of Taragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - J M Garcia Acuna
- University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Sun S, Bi J, Guillen M, Pérez-Marín AM. Driving Risk Assessment Using Near-Miss Events Based on Panel Poisson Regression and Panel Negative Binomial Regression. Entropy (Basel) 2021; 23:e23070829. [PMID: 34209743 PMCID: PMC8305578 DOI: 10.3390/e23070829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study proposes a method for identifying and evaluating driving risk as a first step towards calculating premiums in the newly emerging context of usage-based insurance. Telematics data gathered by the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) contain a large number of near-miss events which can be regarded as an alternative for modeling claims or accidents for estimating a driving risk score for a particular vehicle and its driver. Poisson regression and negative binomial regression are applied to a summary data set of 182 vehicles with one record per vehicle and to a panel data set of daily vehicle data containing four near-miss events, i.e., counts of excess speed, high speed brake, harsh acceleration or deceleration and additional driving behavior parameters that do not result in accidents. Negative binomial regression (AICoverspeed = 997.0, BICoverspeed = 1022.7) is seen to perform better than Poisson regression (AICoverspeed = 7051.8, BICoverspeed = 7074.3). Vehicles are separately classified to five driving risk levels with a driving risk score computed from individual effects of the corresponding panel model. This study provides a research basis for actuarial insurance premium calculations, even if no accident information is available, and enables a precise supervision of dangerous driving behaviors based on driving risk scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Sun
- Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
| | - Jun Bi
- Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (M.G.); Tel.: +86-13488812321 (J.B.); +34-934037039 (M.G.)
| | - Montserrat Guillen
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (M.G.); Tel.: +86-13488812321 (J.B.); +34-934037039 (M.G.)
| | - Ana M. Pérez-Marín
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
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Alcañiz M, Guillen M, Santolino M. Differences in the risk profiles of drunk and drug drivers: Evidence from a mandatory roadside survey. Accid Anal Prev 2021; 151:105947. [PMID: 33385961 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study assesses the prevalence rates of alcohol- and drug-involved driving in Catalonia (Spain). METHOD Drivers were randomly selected for roadside testing using a stratified random sampling procedure representative of all vehicles circulating on non-urban roads. Mandatory alcohol and drug tests were performed during autumn 2017. A sample of 6860 drivers were tested for alcohol use, of these 671 were also tested for drugs. Standard procedures were employed by traffic officers to detect alcohol and drug use. Alcohol breath tests were performed with breathalyser devices and on-site drug screening systems were used to test for drugs. RESULTS The prevalence of alcohol use above the legal limit and drug use were 1.2 % (95 % CI: 0.9-1.5 %) and 8.3 % (95 % CI: 5.8-11.2 %), respectively. The most frequent drugs detected were THC (5.6 %, 95 % CI: 3.7-8.0 %), cocaine (3.5 %, 95 % CI: 2.0-5.5 %) and amphetamines (1.6 %, 95 % CI: 0.6-3.4 %). Alcohol use was detected more frequently on conventional roads, at weekends and during night-time hours. Drug use was detected more frequently in young males during daytime hours. CONCLUSIONS Driver risk profiles associated with alcohol use and drug use differ. Positive alcohol use is not a predictor of drug use when controlling for all other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Alcañiz
- Department of Econometrics Riskcenter-IREA, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Guillen
- Department of Econometrics Riskcenter-IREA, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Santolino
- Department of Econometrics Riskcenter-IREA, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Guillen M, Pérez-Marín AM, Alcañiz M. Percentile charts for speeding based on telematics information. Accid Anal Prev 2021; 150:105865. [PMID: 33276187 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Reference charts are widely used as a graphical tool for assessing and monitoring children's growth given gender and age. Here, we propose a similar approach to the assessment of driving risk. Based on telematics data, and using quantile regression models, our methodology estimates the percentiles of the distance driven at speeds above the legal limit depending on drivers' characteristics and the journeys made. We refer to the resulting graphs as percentile charts for speeding and illustrate their use for a sample of drivers with Pay-How-You-Drive insurance policies. We find that percentiles of distance driven at excessive speeds depend mainly on total distance driven, the percentage of driving in urban areas and the driver's gender. However, the impact on the estimated percentile for these covariates is not constant. We conclude that the heterogeneity in the risk of driving long distances above the speed limit can be easily represented using reference charts and that, conversely, individual drivers can be scored by calculating an estimated percentile for their specific case. The dynamics of this risk score can be assessed by recording drivers as they accumulate driving experience and cover more kilometres. Our methodology should be useful for accident prevention and, in the context of Manage-How-You-Drive insurance, reference charts can provide real-time alerts and enhance recommendations for ensuring safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Guillen
- Dept. Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 690, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ana M Pérez-Marín
- Dept. Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 690, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Manuela Alcañiz
- Dept. Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 690, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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13
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Jamhour-Chelh K, Raposeiras-Roubin S, Nunez-Gil I, Abu-Assi E, Aritza Conty D, Vedia O, Almendro-Delia M, Sionis A, Martin-Garcia A, Corbi-Pascual M, Martinez-Selles M, Uribarri A, Guillen M, Lopez Pais J, Blanco E. Long-term prognostic benefit of beta-blockers use after discharge in patients with Tako-Tsubo syndrome. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Tako-tsubo Syndrome (TS) seems to be associated with a catecholamine-mediated mechanism. However, the impact of beta-blockers (BB) in-hospital and after discharge still remain uncertain. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine whether BB use after discharge in patients with TS, was associated with lower long-term mortality and recurrence.
Methods
Using a national multicentre large-scale inpatient database (RETAKO Registry), we analysed patients with a definitive TS diagnosis.
Results
A total of 970 patients were analysed (568 with BB therapy and 402 no-BB therapy). After discharge and over a median of follow-up of 1.1 years, treatment with BB have no shown prognostic effectiveness in terms of mortality and TS recurrence in unadjusted and adjusted Cox analysis (HR 0.86; 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.27; and 0.95; 95% CI: 0.57–1.13, respectively).
Conclusions
This data suggests that use of beta-blockers after hospital discharge has not shown long-term prognostic benefit in patients with Tako-tsubo Syndrome.
Prognostic impact of BB in TS.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Retako webpage was funded by a non-conditioned Astrazeneca scholarship.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jamhour-Chelh
- University Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, Department of Cardiology, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - I Nunez-Gil
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Department of Cardiology, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Abu-Assi
- University Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, Department of Cardiology, Vigo, Spain
| | - D Aritza Conty
- Hospital de Navarra, Cardiology Deparment, Pamplona, Spain
| | - O Vedia
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Department of Cardiology, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Almendro-Delia
- University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Department of Cardiology, Sevilla, Spain
| | - A Sionis
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Cardiology Department, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A.C Martin-Garcia
- Clinical Universitary Hospital of Salamanca, Cardiology Department, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Corbi-Pascual
- Albacete University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Albacete, Spain
| | - M Martinez-Selles
- University Hospital Gregorio Maranon, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Uribarri
- University Hospital Clinic of Valladolid, Cardiology Department, Valladolid, Spain
| | - M Guillen
- University Hospital of Taragona Joan XXIII, Cardiology Department, Tarragona, Spain
| | - J Lopez Pais
- University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Cardiology Department, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - E Blanco
- Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Department of Cardiology, Lleida, Spain
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14
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Guenego A, Bourcier R, Guillen M, Weisenburger-Lile D, Lapergue B, Gory B, Richard S, Ducroux C, Piotin M, Blanc R, Labreuche J, Lucas L, Detraz L, Aubertin M, Dargazanli C, Benali A, Vannier S, Eugene F, Lun R, Walker G, Consoli A, Fahed R. Neurological improvement predicts clinical outcome after acute basilar artery stroke thrombectomy. Eur J Neurol 2020; 28:117-123. [PMID: 32812674 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the standard of care for patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion. Early neurological improvement (ENI), defined as a reduction of ≥ 8 on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) compared with baseline score, or an NIHSS score of 0 or 1 at 24 h after MT, is a strong predictor of 3-month favorable outcome in such patients. The impact of ENI after MT in stroke patients with basilar artery occlusion (BAO) on 3-month outcome is not clear. We aimed to study the effects of ENI in patients with BAO. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort of all consecutive stroke patients with BAO who underwent MT. We compared clinical outcomes between BAO patient groups according to ENI status. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine the impact of ENI on favorable 90-day outcome (modified Rankin scale score 0-3) and to report factors contributing to ENI. RESULTS A total of 237 patients were included. ENI was observed in 70 patients (30%). Outcomes were significantly better in ENI-positive patients, with 84% achieving favorable outcome (mRS score 0-3) at 3 months versus 30% for ENI-negative patients (P < 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, ENI was an independent predictive factor associated with higher rates of favorable outcome {odds ratio (OR) 18.12 [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.95-83.10]; P = 0.0001}. Higher number of passes [OR 0.62 (95% CI 0.43-0.89); P = 0.010] and need for stenting [OR 0.27 (95% CI 0.07-0.95); P = 0.041] were negatively associated with ENI. CONCLUSION Early neurological improvement on day 1 following MT for BAO is a strong independent predictor of a favorable 3-month clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guenego
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Bourcier
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nantes, L'institut du thorax, Inserm 1087, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - M Guillen
- Neurovascular Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | | | - B Lapergue
- Neurovascular Unit, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - B Gory
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France.,IADI, INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - S Richard
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France.,INSERM U1116, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - C Ducroux
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - M Piotin
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - R Blanc
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - J Labreuche
- ULR 2694-METRICS: Evaluation Des Technologies De Santé et des Pratiques Médicales, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - L Lucas
- Neurovascular Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - L Detraz
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nantes, L'institut du thorax, Inserm 1087, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - M Aubertin
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - C Dargazanli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - A Benali
- Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - S Vannier
- Neurovascular Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - F Eugene
- Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - R Lun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - G Walker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, BC, Canada
| | - A Consoli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - R Fahed
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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15
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Montserrat Guillen
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Sun S, Bi J, Guillen M, Pérez-Marín AM. Assessing Driving Risk Using Internet of Vehicles Data: An Analysis Based on Generalized Linear Models. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20092712. [PMID: 32397508 PMCID: PMC7249090 DOI: 10.3390/s20092712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the major advances made in internet of vehicles (IoV) technology in recent years, usage-based insurance (UBI) products have emerged to meet market needs. Such products, however, critically depend on driving risk identification and driver classification. Here, ordinary least square and binary logistic regressions are used to calculate a driving risk score on short-term IoV data without accidents and claims. Specifically, the regression results reveal a positive relationship between driving speed, braking times, revolutions per minute and the position of the accelerator pedal. Different classes of risk drivers can thus be identified. This study stresses both the importance and feasibility of using sensor data for driving risk analysis and discusses the implications for traffic safety and motor insurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Sun
- Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (A.M.P.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-657319779
| | - Jun Bi
- Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
| | - Montserrat Guillen
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (A.M.P.-M.)
| | - Ana M. Pérez-Marín
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (A.M.P.-M.)
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17
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Monteverde M, Palloni A, Guillen M, Tomas S. Early Poverty and Future Life Expectancy with Disability among the Elderly in Argentina: Pobreza Temprana y Esperanza de Vida Futura con Discapacidad entre los Adultos Mayores de la Argentina. Rev Latinoam Poblac 2020; 14:5-22. [PMID: 34926106 DOI: 10.31406/relap2020.v14.i1.n26.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two aspects of the ageing process in Latin America should be specially taken into account in order to evaluate future perspectives of morbidity among the elderly in the region: 1) Cohorts who will compose the bulk of the elderly population in the 21st century in Latin America survived to old age largely because of improvements in medicine and to a much lesser extent to amelioration of living standards, as is the case in high income countries; 2) a high proportion of the Latin American population still live in poor economic conditions and even these vulnerable individuals continue to experience gains in (adult and older adult) survival. We aim to evaluate to what an extent recent levels of poverty and indigence among young children in Argentina could impact future levels of disability and demands for long-term care of older people. Our results show that given the levels of poverty and indigence in childhood observed between 1988 and 1994 and given the relationship between poor early conditions and the risk of being disabled among the elderly in Argentina, life expectancy with disability at age 60 old would increase substantially between 2000 and 2040 both in absolute and relative terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Monteverde
- Doctora en Economía por la Universidad de Barcelona, España. Realizó un posdoctorado en Demografía en la University of Wsiconsin-Madison, EE.UU. Es investigadora adjunta del Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad (CIECS), Unidad Ejecutora del Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Argentina. Su línea de investigación es el envejecimiento poblacional y la dependencia
| | - Alberto Palloni
- PhD University of Washington, Department of Sociology. Professor of Population, University of Wisconsin-Madison, EE.UU. Alberto Palloni conducted the first study to consider selection mechanisms arising from early childhood experience as a source of socioeconomic differentials in health and mortality in developed countries
| | - Montserrat Guillen
- Doctora en Economía por la Universidad de Barcelona, España. Catedrática de la Universidad de Barcelona, Departamento de Econometria, Estadística y Economía Aplicada. Trabaja en la estimación de riesgos, seguros, estadistica actuarial, entre otros temas
| | - Silvia Tomas
- Maestranda en Demografía Social por la Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNL). Actualmente está a cargo del Departamento de Estudios Sociales y Demográficos de la Dirección Provincial de Estadística de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, y es docente en la Escuela de Técnicos en Estadísticas de Salud, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires y de Estadísticas I y II en la Universidad de Este. Se especializa en el análisis de la evolución de la población de la provincia en el marco de Argentina y de Latinoamérica
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18
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Guillen M, Sarabia JM, Prieto F, Jordá V. Aggregation of Dependent Risks with Heavy-Tail Distributions. INT J UNCERTAIN FUZZ 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s021848851940004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Straightforward methods to evaluate risks arising from several sources are specially difficult when risk components are dependent and, even more if that dependence is strong in the tails. We give an explicit analytical expression for the probability distribution of the sum of non-negative losses that are tail-dependent. Our model allows dependence in the extremes of the marginal beta distributions. The proposed model is flexible in the choice of the parameters in the marginal distribution. The estimation using the method of moments is possible and the calculation of risk measures is easily done with a Monte Carlo approach. An illustration on data for insurance losses is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Guillen
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 690, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José María Sarabia
- Department of Economics, Universidad de Cantabria, Av. de los Castros, s/n 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Faustino Prieto
- Department of Economics, Universidad de Cantabria, Av. de los Castros, s/n 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Vanesa Jordá
- Department of Economics, Universidad de Cantabria, Av. de los Castros, s/n 39005 Santander, Spain
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19
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Galvez-Nino M, Ruiz R, Roque K, Moreno J, Valdivieso N, Olivera M, Miranda Y, Maquera G, Cabero O, Guillen M, Rojas V, Amorin E, Mas L. P2.05 Real World Data on Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Use in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer from a Latin American Cohort. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.09.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Guillen M, Nielsen JP, Ayuso M, Pérez-Marín AM. The Use of Telematics Devices to Improve Automobile Insurance Rates. Risk Anal 2019; 39:662-672. [PMID: 30566751 DOI: 10.1111/risa.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Most automobile insurance databases contain a large number of policyholders with zero claims. This high frequency of zeros may reflect the fact that some insureds make little use of their vehicle, or that they do not wish to make a claim for small accidents in order to avoid an increase in their premium, but it might also be because of good driving. We analyze information on exposure to risk and driving habits using telematics data from a pay-as-you-drive sample of insureds. We include distance traveled per year as part of an offset in a zero-inflated Poisson model to predict the excess of zeros. We show the existence of a learning effect for large values of distance traveled, so that longer driving should result in higher premiums, but there should be a discount for drivers who accumulate longer distances over time due to the increased proportion of zero claims. We confirm that speed limit violations and driving in urban areas increase the expected number of accident claims. We discuss how telematics information can be used to design better insurance and to improve traffic safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Guillen
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Ayuso
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana M Pérez-Marín
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Pérez-Marín AM, Guillen M. Semi-autonomous vehicles: Usage-based data evidences of what could be expected from eliminating speed limit violations. Accid Anal Prev 2019; 123:99-106. [PMID: 30472530 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of advanced driver assistance systems and the transition towards semi-autonomous vehicles are expected to contribute to a lower frequency of motor accidents and to have a significant impact for the automobile insurance industry, as rating methods must be revised to ensure that risks are correctly measured. Telematics information and usage-based insurance research are analyzed to identify the effect of driving patterns on the risk of accident. This is used as a starting point for addressing risk quantification and safety for vehicles that can control speed. The effect of excess speed on the risk of accidents is estimated with a real telematics data set. Scenarios for a reduction of speed limit violations and the consequent decrease in the expected number of accident claims are shown. If excess speed could be eliminated, then the expected number of accident claims could be reduced to half of its initial value, applying the average conditions of the data used in this study. As a consequence, insurance premiums also diminish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Pérez-Marín
- Riskcenter, Universidad de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 690, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Guillen
- Riskcenter, Universidad de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 690, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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22
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Uribe JM, Chuliá H, Guillen M. Trends in the Quantiles of the Life Table Survivorship Function. Eur J Popul 2018; 34:793-817. [PMID: 30976262 PMCID: PMC6261849 DOI: 10.1007/s10680-017-9460-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We offer a new approach for modeling past trends in the quantiles of the life table survivorship function. Trends in the quantiles are estimated, and the extent to which the observed patterns fit the unit root hypothesis or, alternatively, an innovative outlier model, are conducted. Then a factor model is applied to the detrended data, and it is used to construct quantile cycles. We enrich the ongoing discussion about human longevity extension by calculating specific improvements in the distribution of the survivorship function, across its full range, and not only at the central-age ranges. To illustrate our proposal, we use data for the UK from 1922 to 2013. We find that there is no sign in the data of any reduction in the pace of longevity extension during the last decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M. Uribe
- Economics Department, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Económicas, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13, 100-00, Ciudadela Universitaria Meléndez Cali, Cali, Colombia
- Riskcenter-IREA and UB School of Economics, Facultat de Ciències Econòmiques i Empresarials, University of Barcelona, Diagonal, 690, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Chuliá
- Riskcenter-IREA and Department of Econometrics, Facultat de Ciències Econòmiques i Empresarials, University of Barcelona, Diagonal, 690, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Guillen
- Riskcenter-IREA and Department of Econometrics, Facultat de Ciències Econòmiques i Empresarials, University of Barcelona, Diagonal, 690, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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23
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Molina L, Salek K, Picart P, Euston S, Gutierrez T, Guillen M, Caudepon D. Lab scale fermentation studies with marine bacteria to maximize the production of bioemulsifiers for cosmetic and food industries. N Biotechnol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2018.05.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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24
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Alcañiz M, Guillen M, Santolino M. Prevalence of drug use among drivers based on mandatory, random tests in a roadside survey. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199302. [PMID: 29920542 PMCID: PMC6007923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the context of road safety, this study aims to examine the prevalence of drug use in a random sample of drivers. Methods A stratified probabilistic sample was designed to represent vehicles circulating on non-urban roads. Random drug tests were performed during autumn 2014 on 521 drivers in Catalonia (Spain). Participation was mandatory. The prevalence of drug driving for cannabis, methamphetamines, amphetamines, cocaine, opiates and benzodiazepines was assessed. Results The overall prevalence of drug use is 16.4% (95% CI: 13.9; 18.9) and affects primarily younger male drivers. Drug use is similarly prevalent during weekdays and on weekends, but increases with the number of occupants. The likelihood of being positive for methamphetamines is significantly higher for drivers of vans and lorries. Conclusions Different patterns of use are detected depending on the drug considered. Preventive drug tests should not only be conducted on weekends and at night-time, and need to be reinforced for drivers of commercial vehicles. Active educational campaigns should focus on the youngest age-group of male drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Alcañiz
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Guillen
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Santolino
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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25
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Vidal M, De Castro R, Bonet G, Martin G, Santos S, Quintern V, Gonzalez M, Peiro O, Dominguez F, Camprubi M, Sanz E, Serrano I, Guillen M, Merce J, Bardaji A. P1179Do we follow the recommendation of anticoagulation withdrawal after electrical cardioversion, in patients with atrial fibrillation? Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Vidal
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - R De Castro
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - G Bonet
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - G Martin
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - S Santos
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - V Quintern
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - M Gonzalez
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - O Peiro
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - F Dominguez
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - M Camprubi
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - E Sanz
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - I Serrano
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - M Guillen
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - J Merce
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
| | - A Bardaji
- Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, cardiology, Tarragona, Spain
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26
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Chuliá H, Guillen M, Llatje O. Seasonal and Time-Trend Variation by Gender of Alcohol-Impaired Drivers at Preventive Sobriety Checkpoints. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2016; 77:413-20. [DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2016.77.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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27
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Piulachs X, Alemany R, Guillen M. Joint Modelling of Survival and Emergency Medical Care Usage in Spanish Insureds Aged 65+. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153234. [PMID: 27073868 PMCID: PMC4830517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We study the longevity and medical resource usage of a large sample of insureds aged 65 years or older drawn from a large health insurance dataset. Yearly counts of each subject's emergency room and ambulance service use and hospital admissions are made. Occurrence of mortality is also monitored. The study aims to capture the simultaneous dependence between their demand for healthcare and survival. METHODS We demonstrate the benefits of taking a joint approach to modelling longitudinal and survival processes by using a large dataset from a Spanish medical mutual company. This contains historical insurance information for 39,137 policyholders aged 65+ (39.5% men and 60.5% women) across the eight-year window of the study. The joint model proposed incorporates information on longitudinal demand for care in a weighted cumulative effect that places greater emphasis on more recent than on past service demand. RESULTS A strong significant and positive relationship between the exponentially weighted demand for emergency, ambulance and hospital services is found with risk of death (alpha = 1.462, p < 0.001). Alternative weighting specifications are tested, but in all cases they show that a joint approach indicates a close connection between health care demand and time-to-death. Additionally, the model allows us to predict individual survival curves dynamically as new information on demand for services becomes known. CONCLUSIONS The joint model fitted demonstrates the utility of analysing demand for medical services and survival simultaneously. Likewise, it allows the personalized prediction of survival in advanced age subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Piulachs
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Alemany
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Guillen
- Department of Econometrics, Riskcenter-IREA, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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D'amico G, Guillen M, Manca R. Semi-Markov Disability Insurance Models. COMMUN STAT-THEOR M 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/03610926.2012.746982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Cassidy J, Wagh A, Haynes S, Kirk R, Ferguson L, Smith J, Guillen M, Thiru Y, Griselli M, Hasan A. 337 Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) as a Bridge to Paediatric Heart Transplant: Does the End Justify the Means? J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Cassidy J, Ferguson L, Guillen M, Haynes S, Smith J, Thiru Y, Kirk R, Kesteven P, Griselli M, Hasan A. 821 Heparin Free VADs: Can It Be Done? J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Sotos Prieto M, Guillen M, Sorlí JV, Asensio EM, Gillem Sáiz P, González JI, Corella D. [Meat and fish consumption in a high cardiovascular risk Spanish Mediterranean population]. NUTR HOSP 2012; 26:1033-40. [PMID: 22072349 DOI: 10.1590/s0212-16112011000500017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High saturated fat consumption, mostly from red meat and sausage meat has been associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk (CVR) in contrast to the effect of high fish consumption. OBJECTIVE To get to know the frequency of meat and fish consumption in an elderly high Mediterranean population, their correlations with adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and their association with intermediate CVR phenotypes. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out on 945 people (67.4±6.2 years old) with high CVR recruited in primary care centres of Valencia, and participating in the PREDIMED study. The frequency of meat and fish consumption was determined through a validated questionnaire. We analyzed clinical, biochemical and anthropometric variables using standard methods. RESULTS Mean red meat consumption was high (7.4±4.7 times/week), being higher in men than in women (P=0.031) and was associated with greater weight (P=0.001) and prevalence of obesity (P=0.025). Fish consumption was also high (4.5±2.6 time/week) and was associated with lower concentrations of fasting plasma glucose (P=0.016) as well as with lower prevalence of diabetes (P=0.017). CONCLUSION Red meat consumption in this high CVR population is very high and far from the recommendations of MD, needing, therefore, to be reduced. Fish consumption is closer to the recommendations and should be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sotos Prieto
- CIBER (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red) Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.
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Irving C, Parry G, Crossland D, Cassidy J, Ferguson L, Guillen M, Thiru Y, Hasan A, Griselli M, Kirk R. 262 Experience with ABO-Incompatible Cardiac Transplantation in Sensitised Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Cassidy J, Kirk R, Haynes S, Ferguson L, Guillen M, Thiru Y, Hayden-Smith J, Chaudhari M, Griselli M, Hasan A. 329 Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) as a Bridge To Transplant in Children with Univentricular Physiology: What Have We Learned? J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Canales A, Sánchez-Muniz FJ, Bastida S, Librelotto J, Nus M, Corella D, Guillen M, Benedi J. Effect of walnut-enriched meat on the relationship between VCAM, ICAM, and LTB4 levels and PON-1 activity in ApoA4 360 and PON-1 allele carriers at increased cardiovascular risk. Eur J Clin Nutr 2011; 65:703-10. [PMID: 21407247 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular risk depends largely on paraoxonase (PON-1) and apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) gene polymorphisms. To compare the effects of consumption of walnut-enriched meat versus low-fat meat (LM) on selected soluble adhesion molecules and leukotrienes (LTB4). SUBJECTS/METHODS In all 22 subjects at increased cardiovascular risk were taken. It is a non-blinded, cross-over, placebo-controlled study. Two 5-week experimental periods separated by 4-6 week wash-out interval. Participants consumed walnut-enriched meat during one period and LM during the other. Diet characteristics, HDLc, Apo A1, paraoxonase, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 and LTB4 were analysed. PON-1 55, PON-1 192 and APOA4 360 polymorphism effects were also assessed. RESULTS Individuals consuming walnut-enriched meat displayed higher paraoxonase activity (P<0.001), lower levels of sICAM and aVCAM (P=0.046, P=0.012, respectively) and leukotriene B4 (P=0.044), and lower paraoxonase-1/HDLc and paraoxonase-1/Apo A1 ratios (both, P<0.001) than those consuming LM. Paraoxonase levels correlated negatively with those of sICAM (r=-0.471, P<0.01). Significant decreases (at least P<0.05) were observed in sICAM concentrations in PON-1 55LM+MM, PON-1 QQ192 and APOA4-2 carriers while decreases in sVCAM in QR+RR and APOA4-1 carriers were observed. Paraoxonase-1/HDLc and paraoxonase-1/Apo A1 ratios were significantly influenced by paraoxonase polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS Walnut-enriched meat appears as a functional meat as consumed in the framework of a mix diet lowered the concentration of some selected inflammatory chemoattractant biomarkers. This effect was largely influenced by PON-1 and Apo A4-360 polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Canales
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
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Francès F, Guillen M, Verdú F, Portolés O, Castelló A, Sorlí J, Corella D. The 1258 G>A polymorphism in the neuropeptide Y gene is associated with greater alcohol consumption in a Mediterranean population. Alcohol 2011; 45:131-6. [PMID: 21303710 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurotransmitter widely distributed in the central nervous system. Several studies have demonstrated that increases of NPY are associated with reduced alcohol intake and anxiety manifestations. The Leu7Pro polymorphism in the NPY has been associated with alcohol consumption, but evidence is scarce. In the Spanish Mediterranean population, this variant is not polymorphic. Thus, our aim is to identify novel functional variants in the NPY and to investigate the impact of these markers and others previously described on alcohol consumption in this population. A total of 911 subjects (321 men and 590 women) from the Spanish Mediterranean population were recruited. Alcohol consumption, and demographic and lifestyle variables were measured. Nucleotide sequence determination and SNP analyses were carried out. Only one exonic SNP was detected by direct sequencing (1258 G>A or rs9785023; allele frequency 0.47). From the intronic markers chosen (483 A>G or rs13235938, 2517 A>G or rs4722342, and 7065 A>G or rs4722343), only the two latter ones were polymorphic (allele frequencies 0.46 and 0.04, respectively), and none of them were associated with alcohol consumption. However, the 1258 G>A SNP was associated (recessive pattern) with higher alcohol intake. This association was particularly relevant in men with high alcohol intake (59.1±5.0 g/day in AA as opposed to 40.6±7.5 in the G carriers, P=.022) and women with moderate alcohol intake (7.3±5.5 g/day in AA as opposed to 4.6±3.9g/day in G carriers, P=.048). The 1258 G>A polymorphism in the NPY is associated with higher alcohol consumption in the Mediterranean population.
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Canales A, Benedi J, Bastida S, Corella D, Guillen M, Librelotto J, Nus M, Sánchez-Muniz FJ. The effect of consuming meat enriched in walnut paste on platelet aggregation and thrombogenesis varies in volunteers with different apolipoprotein A4 genotype. NUTR HOSP 2010; 25:746-754. [PMID: 21336431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Low-fat meat (LM) has been considered adequate under a cardiovascular disease point of view. Meat enriched in walnut paste (WM) consumption produces beneficial antithrombogenic effects but with striking inter-individual variability that may be related to gene polymorphism. Variants in the APOA4 gene (APOA4) polymorphism are known to affect the cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to compare the effects of consumption of WM and LM on platelet aggregation, production of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and prostacyclin I2 (PGI2), and the TXA2/PGI2 ratio in 22 volunteers with different APOA4 polymorphism. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Six volunteers carried the Gln allele (APOA4-2) while 16 were homozygous for the His allele (APOA4-1). Platelet aggregation, TXA2 (measured as TXB2), PGI2 (measured as 6-keto-PGF1α), and the thrombogenic ratio (TXB2/6-keto-PGF1α) were determined at baseline and at weeks 3 and 5 for the WM and LM dietary periods. RESULTS Platelet aggregation decreased significantly (P<0.05) more in APOA4-1 than in APOA4-2 volunteers at 3-wk WM period, while TXB2 levels dropped more in APOA4-2 than in APOA4-1 volunteers at 5-wk WM period. TXB2 levels and the TXB2/6-keto-PGF1α ratio decreased significantly more (P<0.05) after 5 wk treatment in APOA4-2 than in APOA4-1 carriers on the WM diet than on the LM counterpart. However, 6-keto-PGF1α levels increased more (P<0.05) in APOA4-1 than in APOA4-2 volunteers after the 5-wk WM period than after the 5-wk LM diet. CONCLUSIONS Present results suggest that consumption of WM with respect to LM decrease the thrombogenic risk more in Gln carriers than in His/His.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Canales
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Corella D, Guillem-Saiz P, Gonzalez J, Saiz C, Guillen M. Abstract: P1278 A COMMON CETP HAPLOTYPE IS A STRONG DETERMINANT OF HDL-C CONCENTRATIONS IN A HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK MEDITERRANEAN POPULATION AND DOES NOT INTERACT WITH ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION, TOBACCO SMOKING OR DIETARY FAT INTAKE. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)71295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Francès F, Verdú F, Portolés O, Castelló A, Sorlí JV, Guillen M, Corella D. PPAR-alpha L162V and PGC-1 G482S gene polymorphisms, but not PPAR-gamma P12A, are associated with alcohol consumption in a Spanish Mediterranean population. Clin Chim Acta 2008; 398:70-4. [PMID: 18786524 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2008.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2008] [Revised: 08/14/2008] [Accepted: 08/14/2008] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) and its co-activators are regulatory elements of the cellular lipid homeostasis and have been associated with feeding behavior modulation. Animal models suggest that these genes may be involved in alcohol consumption regulation. However, no studies in humans exist. Our aim is to estimate the possible association between polymorphisms in the PPAR-alpha, PPAR-gamma and PPAR-gamma co-activator 1A (PGC-1A) genes and alcohol consumption in humans. METHODS We have conducted a cross-sectional study between the PPAR-alpha L162V, PPAR-gamma P12A and PGC-1A G482S polymorphisms, and alcohol consumption in a general Mediterranean Spanish population (303 men and 443 women). RESULTS We have found an association between the L162V polymorphism and alcohol consumption in which, carriers of the V allele were more prevalent among alcohol consumers (19.4% vs. 9.8%; OR 2.69; 95% CI: 1.31-5.54, p=0.007). The G482S polymorphism showed a significantly higher frequency in the group of high alcohol drinkers than in non-high alcohol drinkers (33.4% vs. 20.6%; OR 2.28; 95% CI: 1.07-4.88, p=0.034). Mean alcohol consumption was higher as the number of G alleles increased (GG 8.6+/-12.8 g/day, GS 6.6+/-9.2 g/day, SS 5.6+/-7.8 g/day, p=0.003). These results remained statistically significant after covariate adjustment. CONCLUSIONS PPAR-alpha L162V and PGC-1A G482S polymorphisms are associated with alcohol consumption in the Mediterranean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Francès
- Department of Preventive and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Sorli J, Frances F, Portoles O, Guillen M, Gonzalez J, Saiz C, Godoy D, Corella D. PO6-164 INFLUENCE OF THE SNP RS7566605 IN THE INSIG2 GENE ON ANTHROPOMETRIC AND LIPID PARAMETERS IN A SPANISH MEDITERRANEAN POPULATION. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(07)71174-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sorli J, Frances E, Guillen M, Gonzalez J, Carrasco P, Ortega C, Gimenez F, Saiz C, Valderrama J, Corella D. Mo-P6:398 The effect of the APOE polymorphism on HDL-C concentrations depends on the CETP gene variation in a Spanish population. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)80528-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Knowledge of trends in life expectancy is of major importance for policy planning. It is also a key indicator for assessing future development of life insurance products, substantiality of existing retirement schemes, and long-term care for the elderly. This article examines the feasibility of decomposing age-gender-specific accidental and natural mortality rates. We study this decomposition by using the Lee and Carter model. In particular, we fit the Poisson log-bilinear version of this model proposed by Wilmoth and Brouhns et al. to historical (1975-1998) Spanish mortality rates. In addition, by using the model introduced by Wilmoth and Valkonen we analyze mortality-gender differentials for accidental and natural rates. We present aggregated life expectancy forecasts compared with those constructed using nondecomposed mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Guillen
- Departament d'Econometria, Estadistica i Economia Espanyola, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal, 690 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Corella D, Francese F, Sorli J, Guillen M, Carrasco P, Ordovas J, Gimenez F, Hortoneda M, Portoles O. W06-P-002 Effects of the APOA5 gene variation on plasma lipids and risk of myocardial infarction in spanish subjects. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(05)80089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Chaves FJ, Corella D, Sorli JV, Marin-Garcia P, Guillen M, Redon J. Polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system influence height in normotensive women in a Spanish population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89:2301-5. [PMID: 15126556 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2003-031058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the polymorphisms G-6A of the angiotensinogen gene, insertion/deletion (I/D) of the angiotensin-converting enzyme, and C573T of the angiotensin II AT1 receptor gene on a healthy, middle-age population. A total of 370 (194 women) healthy normotensive Caucasian subjects, aged 25-50 yr old, were selected from the general population. A significant association was found between height and the C573T polymorphism in women (P < 0.001). After adjustment for age, this association remained significant (P < 0.002). Thus, the lowest height values were from subjects carrying TT genotype (CC, 1.627 +/- 0.008 m; CT, 1.595 +/- 0.006 m; TT, 1.586 +/- 0.010 m; P = 0.002). Likewise, the I/D polymorphism was associated with height (P = 0.002) in women. It remained significant after adjustment for age and the lowest height for the DD genotype (II, 1.629 +/- 0.011 m; ID, 1.603 +/- 0.006 m; DD, 1.591 +/- 0.007 m; P = 0.016). For both C573T and I/D polymorphisms, there was an allele dosage effect. Moreover, an additive and independent effect of the C573T polymorphism (P = 0.006) and the I/D polymorphism (P = 0.045) on height was observed. In contrast, no association with height was observed for the G-6A polymorphism. In conclusion, additive effects between polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system genes and height were observed in healthy women. These results should be studied by other groups in other populations and ethnic groups. Whether or not these associations need to be considered in the epidemiological studies analyzing the relationship between polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system genes and such height-influenced parameters as blood pressure merits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Chaves
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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Ganan A, Corella D, Guillen M, Ordovas JM, Pocovi M. Frequencies of Apolipoprotein A4 Gene Polymorphisms and Association with Serum Lipid Concentrations in Two Healthy Spanish Populations. Hum Biol 2004. [DOI: 10.1353/hub.2004.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Solves P, Mirabet V, Larrea L, Moraga R, Planelles D, Saucedo E, Uberos FC, Planells T, Guillen M, Andres A, Monleon J, Soler MA, Franco E. Comparison between two cord blood collection strategies. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2003; 82:439-42. [PMID: 12752074 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0412.2003.00129.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Collection strategy is the first step for collecting good quality cord blood (CB) units. There are two principal different techniques to collect CB from the umbilical vein: in the delivery room while the placenta is still in the uterus by midwives and obstetricians or in an adjacent room after placental delivery by CB-bank trained personnel. In this study, the benefits and disadvantages between two different CB collection strategies were evaluated in order to improve CB bank methodology. DESIGN AND METHODS Valencia CB bank maintains the two different collection strategies aforementioned. Before processing CB units, volume was calculated and samples were drawn for cell counts. After processing and before cryopreservation, samples for cell counts, CD34 analysis, viability, clonogenic assays and microbiology were drawn directly from the bags. We compared the efficiency of the two collection techniques. RESULTS Obstetric date and umbilical CB was obtained from 848 vaginal (484 collected in uterus and 364 collected ex uterus). The proportion of excluded CB units before processing was 33% for ex uterus and 25% for in uterus. The difference was statistically significant. A larger volume and a higher number of total nucleated cells, CD34+ cells and CFUs were harvested in the in uterus collection group. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS Based on our findings, we conclude that the mode of collection influences the hematopoietic content of CB donations. Collection before placental delivery is the best approach to CB collection and allows optimizing CB bank methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Solves
- Valencia Cord Blood Bank, Valencia Transfusion Centre, and La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
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Artis M, Ayuso M, Guillen M. Approximated Perfect Values in Logistic Regression for Prediction and Outlier Detection. COMMUN STAT-THEOR M 2003. [DOI: 10.1081/sta-120018832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Borràs JM, Guillen M, Sánchez V, Juncà S, Vicente R. Educational level, voluntary private health insurance and opportunistic cancer screening among women in Catalonia (Spain). Eur J Cancer Prev 1999; 8:427-34. [PMID: 10548398 DOI: 10.1097/00008469-199910000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Health care services in Catalonia (Spain) are organized in a national health service with universal population coverage and include preventive services such as mammography and Pap tests. In addition to a national health service (NHS) coverage, 22% of the population is enrolled in a voluntary private health insurance (VPHI), leading to a double coverage. This situation offers an opportunity to study the impact of this organizational aspect of health care with regard to cancer screening access. The source of data was the Catalan Health Survey (CHS), a cross-sectional survey conducted in a random sample of non-institutionalized population carried out in 1994. Variables analysed were age, educational level and voluntary private health insurance (VPHI). Women were asked if they had ever had a mammography and Pap test for preventive purposes. Logistic regression was used to study the relationship between these variables and the mammography or Pap test participation. The study sample was 5865 women aged 20 years and older. A Pap test and mammography were carried out on 42% and 25% of women, respectively. Participation had a peak between the ages of 30 and 39 years in Pap test and between 40 and 49 years in mammography; it decreased in older women. The percentage of Pap test practice increases according to a higher educational level than it does in mammography. Women who had a VPHI showed a higher percentage of screening tests than the rest of the population. There is also an increase in the mammography practice related to the educational level in older groups, but this fact is not observed in women younger than 40 years . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed an increase in the likelihood of ever had a mammography and a Pap test according to age and to educational level, although this situation is less pronounced in older age groups. Both variables (educational level and age) remained significant after introducing the VPHI into the model (women who reported having a VPHI were more likely to have had a Pap test and a mammography than the rest of the women). In conclusion the opportunistic screening is associated with age, educational level and VPHI. Educational level is also associated with participation in both screening tests after adjusting by age. Furthermore, screening for cervical cancer shows a higher educational gradient than for breast cancer screening. The influence of VPHI after adjusting by age and by educational level poses the question about the role of private health insurances with regard to preventive practices in the context of a national health service aimed at promoting equity of health care access.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Borràs
- Cancer Prevention and Control Unit, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Spain.
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Abstract
The effect of ammonium sulfate on the Escherichia coli elongation factor Tu-GTP-aminoacyl-tRNA complex has been studied. The half-lives of 12 E. coli aminoacyl-tRNA species were determined at 37 degrees C in the presence and absence of an equimolar amount of EF-Tu-GTP and in the presence and absence of 1.5 M ammonium sulfate. The results indicate that the addition of 1.5 M ammonium sulfate to the ternary complex increased the stability of all 12 complexes studied. In addition, the effects of various salts and crystallization agents on the stability of the E. coli EF-Tu-GTP-phenylalanyl-tRNA complex was studied in detail. Binding parameters were also measured under various conditions at 37 degrees C. The results indicate that the stability and the Kassoc of the ternary complex, using phenylalanyl-tRNA, can be increased by the presence of polyethylene glycol or ammonium sulfate.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Delaria
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside 92521
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Sanchez-Fauquier A, Guillen M, Martin J, Kendal AP, Melero JA. Conservation of epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies against the separated subunits of influenza hemagglutinin among type A viruses of the same and different subtypes. Arch Virol 1991; 116:285-92. [PMID: 1705790 DOI: 10.1007/bf01319250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies raised against the separated hemagglutinin subunits (HA1 and HA2) of influenza A/Vic/3/75 (H3N2) virus were tested against a large panel of human and avian strains. The epitopes recognized by most antibodies were conserved among subtype H3 viruses, but reactivity of some antibodies with members of other subtypes was also observed. Particularly, the H4 virus reacted with most antibodies directed against the HA2 subunit. These results are discussed in terms of sequence similarities between subtypes and application of these antibodies as subtyping reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sanchez-Fauquier
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centro Nacional de Microbiologia, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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