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Reddy YRM, Muralidhar P, Srinivas M. An Effective Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Single-Channel EEG-Based Subject-Independent Drowsiness Recognition. Brain Topogr 2024; 37:1-18. [PMID: 37995000 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-023-01016-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, road accidents pose a severe risk in cases of sleep disorders. We proposed a novel hybrid deep-learning model for detecting drowsiness to address this issue. The proposed model combines the strengths of discrete wavelet long short-term memory (DWLSTM) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) models to classify single-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Baseline models such as support vector machine (SVM), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), back propagation neural networks (BPNN), CNN, and CNN merged with LSTM (CNN+LSTM) did not fully utilize the time sequence information. Our proposed model incorporates a majority voting between LSTM layers integrated with discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the CNN model fed with spectrograms as images. The features extracted from sub-bands generated by DWT can provide more informative & discriminating than using the raw EEG signal. Similarly, spectrogram images fed to CNN learn the specific patterns and features with different levels of drowsiness. Furthermore, the proposed model outperformed state-of-the-art deep learning techniques and conventional baseline methods, achieving an average accuracy of 74.62%, 77.76% (using rounding, F1-score maximization approach respectively for generating labels) on 11 subjects for leave-one-out subject method. It achieved high accuracy while maintaining relatively shorter training and testing times, making it more desirable for quicker drowsiness detection. The performance metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score) are evaluated after 100 randomized tests along with a 95% confidence interval for classification. Additionally, we validated the mean accuracies from five types of wavelet families, including daubechis, symlet, bi-orthogonal, coiflets, and haar, merged with LSTM layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Rama Muni Reddy
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India.
| | - P Muralidhar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Computer Science Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India
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Nagendla MK, Jain V, Agarwala S, Srinivas M, Sharma MC, Gupta S. Comparison of High Spermatic Vessel Ligation and Low Spermatic Vessel Ligation in an Undescended Model of Rat Testis. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2023; 28:465-471. [PMID: 38173635 PMCID: PMC10760615 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_14_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to compare the immediate and long-term outcomes after high spermatic vessel ligation (HSVL) and low spermatic vessel ligation (LSVL) in a high undescended testis (UDT) model in rats. Materials and Methods A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted on 24 male Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups. Group A underwent a sham laparotomy and acted as the control. Group B underwent HSVL of both testicular vessels. Group C underwent LSVL of both testicular vessels. Each group was again subdivided into two subgroups. One sub-group underwent blood collection and testicular biopsy of both testes 24 h after the procedure to demonstrate immediate changes. Other subgroups underwent blood sample collection and testicular biopsy of both testes on day 50 following the procedure for hormonal changes and long-term changes. Results All the testes in HSVL showed atrophy (100%) in the long term, whereas LSVL showed atrophy in 12.5% of testes, even though both groups showed adequate neovascularization. Testes in HSVL showed poor bleeding on incision at both 24 h and day 50. On histology, 75% of testes in HSVL showed complete necrosis, and 50% in LSVL showed partial necrosis at 24 h. On day 50, all the testes in HSVL (100%) showed complete necrosis with dystrophic calcification, whereas all the testes in LSVL showed normal histology with good maturation of seminiferous tubules. There was no significant difference in testosterone levels between both groups. Conclusions Both immediate and long-term changes following LSVL showed an increase in blood flow to the testis after ligation through collaterals and reverses early ischemic changes to the testis. Given the higher testicular atrophic rate after HSVL, LSVL or at least low ligation can be preferred for the management of high intra-abdominal UDT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | - M. Srinivas
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - M. C. Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Surabhi Gupta
- Department of Reproductive Biology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Srinivas M, Patil NJ, Prabhakar K, Jagmohan SV. Effect of Yoga on Quality of Life in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Randomized Control Trial. Int J Yoga 2023; 16:185-191. [PMID: 38463647 PMCID: PMC10919413 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_208_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Yoga is emerging as one of the holistic approaches to respiratory diseases. The scope of yoga is expanding in communicable diseases with physical, mental, and societal benefits. Aim and Objective The present study aims to evaluate the effect of integrated yoga as an adjuvant therapy to the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) on assessing health-related Quality of Life (QoL) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Setting and Design A randomized controlled trail study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methodology The study screened 826 PTB patients; 72 patients were found suitable and agreed to participate. The PTB patients were randomly assigned to either a yoga group (n = 36) or a control group (n = 36) using the sequentially numbered opaque sealed envelope technique. The control group received standard-of-care treatment as per NTEP, and the yoga group practiced 45 min of integrated yoga for 8 weeks along with standard of care. The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire was used to collect the data at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention. Results The results of within-group comparisons in both the groups showed that there was a significant improvement in physical (P < 0.01), psychological (P < 0.01), and social (P < 0.01), with P ≤ 0.05 being considered statistically significant except environmental domain. Between groups, analysis shows that in the preintervention, there was no difference between the yoga and control group as P > 0.05. After the yoga intervention, there was an enhancement in QoL scores with three domains except the environmental domain (P = 0.28). Conclusion The study evidence supports the use of yoga as a complementary therapy for the NTEP in patients with PTB may improve their QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Srinivas
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - N. J. Patil
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, Karnataka, India
- Department of Yoga, Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - K. Prabhakar
- Department of General Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - S. V. Jagmohan
- Department of Pulmonology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka, India
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Mitra A, Bhatnagar V, Agarwala S, Gupta AK, Jana M, Srinivas M, Dhua AK. Preoperative Triple-Phase Three-Dimensional-Multi-Detector Computed Tomography Imaging of the Hepatic Vascular Tree: An Accurate Road Map Prior to Tumor Resection in Hepatoblastoma. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2023; 28:233-241. [PMID: 37389399 PMCID: PMC10305947 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_113_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the hepatic vasculature/tumor relations in hepatoblastoma patients with three-dimensional (3D) reformatted images after triple-phase multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) and to compare these with the surgical findings to judge the accuracy of this investigation. Materials and Methods The study was carried out in hepatoblastoma patients after appropriate neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, prior to resection. Images were postprocessed at a dedicated workstation for multi-planar reformations, maximum intensity projection, curved planar reformations, and volume-rendered technique reconstructions. The reporting was done as per a specific protocol by both the radiologist and surgeon (per-operative findings) and the accuracy of MDCT ascertained as per concordance between the surgical and imaging findings. Results Fourteen children (13 boys, 1 girl) underwent surgery. Clinically, relevant information regarding vascular, tumor involvement, and interface with vessels was provided by the study in all cases. Although all tumors were deemed resectable on preoperative imaging, one procedure was abandoned due to an unanticipated portal cavernoma. While a few anatomical variations were unexpectedly encountered during surgery, there was good concordance overall between findings on imaging and surgical exploration. Conclusions MDCT with 3D reformatting provides accurate virtual representations of the hepatic tumor. This allows simulation of surgical resection with decreased risk of vascular injury and postoperative liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparajita Mitra
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Veereshwar Bhatnagar
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar Gupta
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Jana
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M. Srinivas
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Dhua
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Ghoshal UC, Sachdeva S, Pratap N, Karyampudi A, Mustafa U, Abraham P, Bhatt CB, Chakravartty K, Chaudhuri S, Goyal O, Makharia GK, Panigrahi MK, Parida PK, Patwari S, Sainani R, Sadasivan S, Srinivas M, Upadhyay R, Venkataraman J. Indian consensus statements on irritable bowel syndrome in adults: A guideline by the Indian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association and jointly supported by the Indian Society of Gastroenterology. Indian J Gastroenterol 2023; 42:249-273. [PMID: 36961659 PMCID: PMC10036984 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-022-01333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The Indian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association (INMA), earlier named the Indian Motility and Functional Diseases Association developed this evidence-based practice guidelines for the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). A modified Delphi process was used to develop this consensus containing 28 statements, which were concerning diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis and comorbidities, investigations, lifestyle modifications and treatments. Owing to the Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, lockdowns and mobility restrictions, web-based meetings and electronic voting were the major tools used to develop this consensus. A statement was regarded as accepted when the sum of "completely accepted" and "accepted with minor reservation" voted responses were 80% or higher. Finally, the consensus was achieved on all 28 statements. The consensus team members are of the view that this work may find use in teaching, patient care, and research on IBS in India and other nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday C Ghoshal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 014, India.
| | - Sanjeev Sachdeva
- Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Hospital, New Delhi, 110 002, India
| | - Nitesh Pratap
- Department of Gastroenterology, KIMS Hospital, Secunderabad, 500 003, India
| | - Arun Karyampudi
- Department of Gastroenterology, GSL Medical College and General Hospital, Rajahmundry , 533 296, India
| | - Uzma Mustafa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 014, India
| | - Philip Abraham
- Department of Gastroenterology, P. D. Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, 400 016, India
| | - Chetan B Bhatt
- Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital, Mumbai, 400 004, India
| | - Karmabir Chakravartty
- Department of Gastroenterology, Woodland Multispeciality Hospital, Kolkata, 700 027, India
| | - Sujit Chaudhuri
- Department of Gastroenterology, AMRI Hospitals, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700 098, India
| | - Omesh Goyal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, 141 001, India
| | - Govind K Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Manas Kumar Panigrahi
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Parida
- Department of Gastroenterology, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, 753 001, India
| | | | - Rajesh Sainani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, 400 026, India
| | - Shine Sadasivan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, 682 041, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - Rajesh Upadhyay
- Department of Gastroenterology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, 110 017, India
| | - Jayanthi Venkataraman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600 116, India
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Sunku M, Venkataswamy P, Bindu GH, Srilekha P, Srinivas M, Vithal M. A novel approach for generation of oxygen vacancies in trirutile MnSb2O6 and their impact on photocatalytic degradation of MO dye. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manasa Sunku
- Osmania University Faculty of Science Chemistry INDIA
| | | | | | - Pallati Srilekha
- Osmania University Faculty of Science department of chemistry INDIA
| | - M. Srinivas
- Osmania University Faculty of Science Department of Physics INDIA
| | - M. Vithal
- Osmania University Chemistry Tarnaka 500007 Hyderabad INDIA
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Parameswari B, Bhaskar B, Karthikaiselvi L, Sivaraj N, Mangrauthia SK, Nagalakshmi S, Prasanna H, Srinivas M, Celia Chalam V, Anitha K. First Report of the Association of Zygocactus virus X with Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus spp.) plants from Telangana, India. Plant Dis 2022; 107:1249. [PMID: 36089689 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-22-1242-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) a member of the family Cactaceae, is widely cultivated throughout the world, includingspan style="font-family:'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing:0.05pt; color:#333333"> India. During 2020-2021 crop growing season, mosaic symptoms were observed on the cladodes of dragon fruit plants (Purple Pink cultivar: 1-2% disease incidence) grown at a farmer's field of Telangana, India (Fig. S1 a). The symptomatic cladodes (n= 4), observed under leaf-dip electron microscopy (Zuchmaan and Zellnig, 2009) at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, revealed the presence of flexuous rod- shaped virus-like particles (Fig S1 b). Virus particles were of 580 x 13 nm size, corresponding to the genus Potexvirus. For further confirmation, the total RNA isolated from symptomatic cladodes using a NucleoSpin RNA Plant Mini kit (Macherey-Nagel). Subsequently, a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using the PrimeScript 1st strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Takara Bio). The cDNA was further amplified with the primers specific to coat protein (CP) gene of four different species of the genus Potexvirus known to infect members of Cactaceae family. Four sets of primers were used for detection, viz., Cactus virus X (CVX) (F, 5'-ATGTCTACTACTGGAGTCCA-3'; R, 5'-CTACTCAGGGCCTGGGAGAA-3'); Pitaya virus X (PiVX) (F, 5'-ATGGCTACTCAAACAGCACAA-3'; R, 5'-CTACTCTGGGGAGGGAAG-3'); Schlumbergera virus X (SchVX) (F, 5'-ATGTCGACCACTCCATCTTC-3'; R, 5'-TTATTCAGGGGATGGTAGTA-3') and Zygocactus virus X (ZyVX) (F, 5'-ATGTCTAACACTGCAGGAGT-3'; R, TCATTC GGGACCCGGTAGGA-3') (Duarte et al., 2008; Janssen et al., 2021; Parameswari et al., 2021), by following the PCR profile (Park et al., 2018). The species-specific primers of CVX, PiVX and SchVX did not amplify any amplicon, whereas the primers specific to ZyVX at nucleotide position 5841-6521 from complete CP gene have resulted in amplification of expected size (~680 base pairs) from all the samples. The gel-purified RT-PCR products were cloned into a pDrive cloning vector (Qiagen, Germany) and sequenced bi-directionally using Sanger sequencing. The resultant sequences (681 nt) of the CP gene showed 98% (nucleotide) and 100% (amino acid) sequence similarity with the CP gene sequence (Accession No: KY581590) of ZyVX. Hence, one representative sequence was deposited to the NCBI GenBank database as ZyVX-DPC isolate (Accession number- OK415019). The Neighbour Joining Phylogenetic Tree constructed using MEGA6 software (Tamura et al. 2013) showed grouping of Indian ZyVX-DPC isolate with the previously reported ZyVX isolates from Korea, Taiwan, China and Germany (Fig. S1c). These results confirmed the association of ZyVX with the symptomatic cladodes of dragon fruit plants collected from Telangana, India. Earlier studies revealed that ZyVX is a member of the genus Potexvirus known to infect dragon fruit plants from Brazil and China (Duarte et al., 2008). In India until now, anthracnose disease (Colletotrichum siamense) and CVX from Hylocereus spp. were reported (Abirami et al., 2019; Parameswari et al., 2021). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of ZyVX infection on dragon fruit in India. The draon fruit, being vegetatively propagated and with increasing cultivable area in India (Abirami et al, 2019), the present study gains significance. Further studies on mode of virus transmission, estimation of crop yield losses, host range studies and finding out source of resistance are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bajaru Bhaskar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Hyderabad, Telegana, India;
| | | | - Natarajan Sivaraj
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Hyderabad, Telegana, India;
| | | | - Sanivarapu Nagalakshmi
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Crop Improvement- Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India;
| | - Holajjer Prasanna
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Hyderabad, Telegana, India;
| | - M Srinivas
- Deccan Exotics Farmers Producer Organization, Hyderabad, Telangana, India;
| | | | - Kodaru Anitha
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station , Hyderabad, Telegana, India;
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Upadhyayula A, Preetham BS, Mudunuru AK, Fatima F, Reddy B, Sri PSS, Srinivas M. Objective Assessment of Cardiopostural Control and its Improvement after Yoga Training using Wii Balance Board and Heart Rate Variability in Young Girls with Flat Foot. IJCDW 2022. [DOI: 10.25259/mm_ijcdw_436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
Bipedalism in humans demanded robust postural control systems to maintain balance and equilibrium during variety of volitional activities. Adaptive learning is a key characteristic of these control systems. Postural control and balance are associated with autonomic changes trying to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis during postural imbalances, which are specifically important in conditions like flat foot. Yoga training could help such cases to achieve better postural balance and autonomic state. Young adolescent girls with flat foot were studied in comparison to normal girls and flat foot boys.
Materials and Methods:
Sixteen girls and 11 boys with flat foot were subjected to posturography on Wii Balance Board connected wirelessly to PowerLab 15T. Wireless heart rate belt was used to acquire RR intervals. Vrikshasana was chosen as the suitable asana for 4-week training. Displacement of center of pressure (COP) and heart rate variability was analyzed using LabChart pro software before and after yoga training.
Results:
COP displacement in flat foot subjects is away from the center during erect stance and sway toward sides. Flat foot girls showed significant greater displacements and lesser correction after yoga compared to flat foot boys (P < 0.05). Flat foot girls also showed lesser recovery in LF% and RMSSD after 4-week yoga training.
Conclusion:
Studying the autonomic changes during voluntary postural imbalance on balance board provide real-time picture of internal state in flat foot individuals. The sympathetic dominance would account for preparedness and adaptation in postural control systems. This state improved with yoga training toward better cardiac vagal tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Upadhyayula
- Department of Physiology, ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,
| | - B. Shashi Preetham
- Department of Physiology, ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,
| | | | - Farheen Fatima
- Department of Physiology, ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,
| | - Bhavya Reddy
- Department of Physiology, ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,
| | - P. Sushma Sai Sri
- Department of Physiology, ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,
| | - M. Srinivas
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, ESIC Super Specialty Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,
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Moharir SC, Thota SC, Goel A, Thakur B, Tandel D, Reddy SM, Vodapalli A, Singh Bhalla G, Kumar D, Singh Naruka D, Kumar A, Tuli A, Suravaram S, Chander Bingi T, Srinivas M, Mesipogu R, Reddy K, Khosla S, Harshan KH, Bharadwaj Tallapaka K, Mishra RK. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the air in Indian hospitals and houses of COVID-19 patients. J Aerosol Sci 2022; 164:106002. [PMID: 35495416 PMCID: PMC9040488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2022.106002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
To understand the transmission characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) through air, samples from different locations occupied by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients were analyzed. Three sampling strategies were used to understand the presence of virus in the air in different environmental conditions. In the first strategy, which involved hospital settings, air samples were collected from several areas of hospitals like COVID-intensive-care units (ICUs), nurse-stations, COVID-wards, corridors, non-COVID-wards, personal protective equipment (PPE) doffing areas, COVID rooms, out-patient (OP) corridors, mortuary, COVID casualty areas, non-COVID ICUs and doctors' rooms. Out of the 80 air samples collected from 6 hospitals from two Indian cities- Hyderabad and Mohali, 30 samples showed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids. In the second sampling strategy, that involved indoor settings, one or more COVID-19 patients were asked to spend a short duration of time in a closed room. Out of 17 samples, 5 samples, including 4 samples collected after the departure of three symptomatic patients from the room, showed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids. In the third strategy, involving indoor settings, air samples were collected from rooms of houses of home-quarantined COVID-19 patients and it was observed that SARS-CoV-2 RNA could be detected in the air in the rooms occupied by COVID-19 patients but not in the other rooms of the houses. Taken together, we observed that the air around COVID-19 patients frequently showed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in both hospital and indoor residential settings and the positivity rate was higher when 2 or more COVID-19 patients occupied the room. In hospitals, SARS-CoV-2 RNA could be detected in ICUs as well as in non-ICUs, suggesting that the viral shedding happened irrespective of the severity of the infection. This study provides evidence for the viability of SARS-CoV-2 and its long-range transport through the air. Thus, airborne transmission could be a major mode of transmission for SARS-CoV-2 and appropriate precautions need to be followed to prevent the spread of infection through the air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivranjani C Moharir
- CSIR- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007, India
- The Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Sharath Chandra Thota
- CSIR- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Arushi Goel
- CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTech), Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Bhuwaneshwar Thakur
- CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTech), Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Dixit Tandel
- CSIR- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - S Mahesh Reddy
- CSIR- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Amareshwar Vodapalli
- CSIR- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | | | - Dinesh Kumar
- CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTech), Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | | | - Ashwani Kumar
- CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTech), Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Amit Tuli
- CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTech), Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | | | | | - M Srinivas
- ESI Hospital and Medical College, Hyderabad, 500018, India
| | | | - Krishna Reddy
- Durgabai Deshmukh Hospital, Hyderabad, 500044, India
| | - Sanjeev Khosla
- CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTech), Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Krishnan H Harshan
- CSIR- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | | | - Rakesh K Mishra
- CSIR- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007, India
- The Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, Bangalore, 560065, India
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Douvaras P, Lepack A, Buenaventura D, Sun B, Sira E, Ibourk M, Kosmyna B, Pereira E, Ebel M, Srinivas M, Simpson L, LoSchiavo D, Dilworth D, Wilkinson D, Keightley A, Domian I, Soh C, Wang J, Fisher S, Tomishima M, Paladini C, Patsch C, Irion S. iPSC: Late Breaking Abstract: A UNIVERSAL APPROACH TO TREAT CNS MANIFESTATIONS IN LYSOSOMAL STORAGE DISEASES USING IPSC-DERIVED MICROGLIA. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00398-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Perumal M, Nayak A, Sree RP, Srinivas M. INASNET: Automatic identification of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) based on chest X-ray using deep neural network. ISA Trans 2022; 124:82-89. [PMID: 35300854 PMCID: PMC8892361 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2022.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Testing is one of the important methodologies used by various countries in order to fight against COVID-19 infection. The infection is considered as one of the deadliest ones although the mortality rate is not very high. COVID-19 infection is being caused by SARS-CoV2 which is termed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus. To prevent the community, transfer among the masses, testing plays an important role. Efficient and quicker testing techniques helps in identification of infected person which makes it easier for to isolate the patient. Deep learning methods have proved their presence and effectiveness in medical image analysis and in the identification of some of the diseases like pneumonia. Authors have been proposed a deep learning mechanism and system to identify the COVID-19 infected patient on analyzing the X-ray images. Symptoms in the COVID-19 infection is well similar to the symptoms occurring in the influenza and pneumonia. The proposed model Inception Nasnet (INASNET) is being able to separate out and classify the X-ray images in the corresponding normal, COVID-19 infected or pneumonia infected classes. This testing method will be a boom for the doctors and for the state as it is a way cheaper method as compared to the other testing kits used by the healthcare workers for the diagnosis of the disease. Continuous analysis by convolutional neural network and regular evaluation will result in better accuracy and helps in eliminating the false-negative results. INASNET is based on the combined platform of InceptionNet and Neural network architecture search which will result in having higher and faster predictions. Regular testing, faster results, economically viable testing using X-ray images will help the front line workers to make a win over COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murukessan Perumal
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, India.
| | - Akshay Nayak
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, India.
| | - R Praneetha Sree
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design & Manufacturing Kurnool, India.
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, India.
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Nagamani M, Vishnu T, Jalapathi P, Srinivas M. Molecular docking studies on COVID-19 and antibacterial evaluation of newly synthesized 4-(methoxymethyl)-1,2,3-triazolean analogues derived from (E)-1-phenyl-3-(2-(piperidin-1-yl)quinolin-3-yl) prop-2-en-1-one. J IRAN CHEM SOC 2022. [PMCID: PMC8367766 DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel quinolone-based 4-(methoxymethyl)-1,2,3-triazole derivatives were synthesized, and their structures were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy. The compounds (IXa-l) were screened in vitro antibacterial activity against five gram-positive and five gram-negative bacterial strains, viz. M. Tuberculosis, M. Luteus, MRSA, B. Subtilis, B. Cereus, P. Aerginosa, K. Pneumonia, E. Coli, P. Vulgaris and S. Typhi, used and compared with standard gentamycin. The combination of the pharmacologically active moieties in a single scaffold results in their synergistic effect and high antimicrobial activity against several bacterial strains. COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the globe since its first identification in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19 Mpro) has become a major health problem causing severe acute respiratory illness in humans. The causative virus is called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and the World Health Organization named the new epidemic disease Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Also, docking studies demonstrated that all derivatives exhibit a good theoretical affinity with Autodock 4.2 software score in between − 9.89 and − 13.4 kCal/mol against the main protease of COVID‐19 Mpro that caused worldwide epidemics. We believe that newly synthesized quinolone-based 4-(methoxymethyl)-1,2,3-triazole derivatives can guide many future studies in organic synthesis, medicine and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Nagamani
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana India
| | - T. Vishnu
- Department of Sciences and Humanities, Matrusri Engineering College, Hyderabad, Telangana India
| | - P. Jalapathi
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana India
| | - M. Srinivas
- Department of Chemistry, University Arts and Science College, Subedari Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana India
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Munirathnam K, Mallikarjuna K, Vijaya R, Nagajyothi P, Reddy KR, Srinivas M. Spectral change and far-red emission of Mn2+ ions co-doped NaSrB5O9:Dy3+ luminescence material for plant growth LEDs. J RARE EARTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Krishnan N, Dhua A, Jain V, Agarwala S, Bakshi S, Jana M, Srinivas M, Bhatnagar V. Recurrent hepatoblastoma: Role of irinotecan as salvage therapy. Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2022.10.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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15
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Thakur N, Ramidi A, Gopinath R, Srinivas M. Indigenous adaptor for high flow nasal oxygen delivery. Indian J Anaesth 2022; 66:149-151. [PMID: 35359477 PMCID: PMC8963223 DOI: 10.4103/ija.ija_812_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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16
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Singh AK, Srinivas M, Mallick S. Testicular fixation and its effect on ipsilateral and contralateral testis in prepubertal rat model. Afr J Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s12301-021-00202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
While performing orchidopexy, various suture materials or fibrin glues are used to achieve testicular fixation. This study was designed to assess the histological changes in testis after orchidopexy using fibrin glue and suture material.
Methods
Male Wistar rats (n = 80) were divided randomly into four groups. Group I, (n = 20): sham operation, Group II (n = 20): Dartos Pouch (DP), Group III (n = 20): Transtunical fixation (TF), Group IV (n = 20): Tissue Adhesive (TA). Ipsilateral and contralateral testicular histology was assessed at 70 and 120 days of life after sacrificing animals by using thiopental sodium intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 mg/kg.
Results
Morphologically, at day 70, contralateral testis in Group III had a significant (p value 0.046) decrease testicular width (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.24 ± 0.39 cm). At 120 of life, Group I, II, III, and IV had a significant (p value < 0.001 each) decrease testicular width and weight in ipsilateral and decrease testicular length (p value 0.002) in contralateral testis. Histologically, mean seminiferous tubular diameter and DNA flow cytometry had a significant (p value < 0.001) decrease in size in Group I, II, III, and IV both ipsilateral as well as contralateral testis. Intergroup comparison at 70 and 120 days of life showed a significant decrease in seminiferous tubular diameter in Group II, III and IV and in Johnsen maturation score, seminiferous tubular diameter, DNA flow cytometry in Group I, II, III, and IV.
Conclusions
Dartos Pouch is most suitable procedure for treatment of orchidopexy. Suture fixation must be avoided and if the need arises then instead of suture materials, fibrin glue should be used for testicular fixation.
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17
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Rajagopaludu P, Saritha N, Devanna N, Srinivas M. Method Development and Validation of Anabasine and Nornicotine in Human Plasma by LC-MS/MS. JPRI 2021. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i1731301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aim: For the Method development and validation of Anabasine and Nornicotine in human plasma LC-MS/MS technique is used.
Methodology: Operated in positive electron spray ionization which removes the hardness in ions. Metoprolol is used as an internal standard. Mass analyzers are used to determine the mass to charge ratio. Liquid chromatography separates mixture components in the basis of differences in affinity for stationary and mobile phase. It removes undesired impurities. It increases reproducibility, sensitivity, robustness, detection of low-level proteins. C18 Column (Phenomenex Luna C18, 5 μm, 50*4.6mm ID) is used to for high resolution and peak area. Calibration curve is constructed with the help of linear regression. During the entire process no instability is found.
Results: m/z values of Anabasine are 162.84(Q1), 134.68(Q3) and for Nornicotine are 148.90(Q1), 79.82(Q3). Back calculated curve is calculated at different concentrations from 1-1000ng/ml and their accuracy range from 97-105% for Anabasine and 93-108% for Nornicotine. In Anabasine and Nornicotine the precision and accuracy are calculated by Intra-batch and inter-batch. In the process of multi-step preparation, consider n=6 for intra-batch and n=18 for inter-batch the values obtained are between the nominal concentrations i.e., 90-110%. For each analyte the coefficients of variation are below nominal criteria <15%. For Anabasine and Nornicotine the average recovery rate is 98.3% and 94.3%.
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Ramesh K, Omkaramurthy B, Srinivas M. Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and anticancer activity of tetrahydro-quinolines using silica iodide as a heterogeneous catalyst. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Staal A, Cortenbach K, Wever P, Van Suylen R, Poyck P, Srinivas M, Van Deuren M, Bleeker-Rovers M, Van Der Meer J, De Vries I, Van Kimmenade R. A novel role for local immune suppression in chronic q fever infected abdominal aortic aneurysms? Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chronic Q fever (QCF) is the persistence of C. Burnettii after an acute infection. Atheromas in the abdominal aorta are a preferential location of this bacterial persistence and may result in accelerated abdominal aorta aneurysm (AAA) formation or even rupture. CQF is characterized by a poor response to antibiotic therapy with high mortality. The localization of the bacteria in the acidic lysosomes is thought to be the main cause of poor antibiotic efficacy.
Purpose
A potent immune system is mandatory for successful antibiotic therapy. PBMC simulation assays have shown potent immune activation on stimulation with C. Burnettii. Here we assess whether this holds true in situ by combining 3 six-marker panels with phenotypical markers describing the adaptive and innate immune system and looking at key check-points in immune regulation.
Methods
(Tissue) PCR-positive CQF infected AAAs (n=10) are compared to atherosclerotic AAAs (n=13) and normal abdominal aortas from kidney transplant donors (n=3). We combine DAPI and elastin autofluorescence with 3 distinct panels of 6 markers in an 8-color IHC technique (Vectra 3, Perkin Elmer, MA) to describe the local immune landscape. The panels focus on 1) adaptive immune response, 2) innate immune response and 3) checkpoint inhibitors. Cells were phenotyped and quantified using an automated quantitative analysis method.
Results
In contrast to normal abdominal aortas, both atherosclerotic AAAs and CQF AAAs show impressive lymphocyte recruitment and proliferation with the formulation of very large tertiary lymphoid structures. CQF AAAs show a 2-fold increase in regulatory T cell numbers compared to atherosclerotic AAAs. These regulatory cells are both surrounding germinal centers and are seen throughout the tissue. Additionally, CQF AAAs show more positive cells and a higher expression of PD-L1, which is a key immunosuppressive mediator.
Conclusion
The immune landscape within the aortic wall shows far greater immune suppression than previously found in in vitro and peripheral blood studies. We show that CQF infections are associated with severely increased numbers of regulatory T cells, even compared to the low-grade and chronic inflammation present in atherosclerosis. Subsequently, a look at the immune checkpoint PD-L1 shows an increased expression in CQF aortas, elucidating a possible underlying mechanism and treatment target.
Figure 1. Representative microscopy images of normal (left) atherosclerotic AAA (middle) and CQF AAA (right), full thickness overview (top row) and magnified region off interest (bottom row). Vast increase in regulatory T cells (FoxP3+), recognisable by the yellow nucleus, surrounding germinal centres in only the CQF aorta. Furthermore, DAPI in blue, B cells in green, helper T cells in red, cytotoxic T cells in cyan, classic DC type 2 in magenta.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): ERC starting grant (ERC-2014-StG-336454-CoNQUeST); TTW-NWO open technology grant (STW-14716)
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Affiliation(s)
- A.H.J Staal
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Cardiology, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - K.R.G Cortenbach
- Radboud University Medical Center, Tumor Immunology Lab, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - P.C Wever
- Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, Department of microbiology, 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands (The)
| | - R.J Van Suylen
- Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, Department of pathology, 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands (The)
| | - P.P.C Poyck
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of surgery, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - M Srinivas
- Radboud University Medical Center, Tumor Immunology Lab, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - M Van Deuren
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of internal medicine, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - M.C Bleeker-Rovers
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of internal medicine, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - J.W.M Van Der Meer
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of internal medicine, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - I.J.M De Vries
- Radboud University Medical Center, Tumor Immunology Lab, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
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20
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Staal A, Cortenbach K, Gorris M, Geuzebroek G, Wisse L, Textor J, Srinivas M, Morshuis W, De Vries I, De Ruiter M, Van Kimmenade R. Activated adaptive immune system in dissected bicuspid aortic valve aortas: trigger for dissection? Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background/Introduction
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is associated with ascending aorta aneurysms and dissections. Presently, genetic factors and pathological flow patterns are considered responsible for aneurysm formation in BAV. Despite, indication for preventive surgery is presently only defined by vessel diameter which is poor marker for dissection, as it does not take other processes responsible for the vulnerability of the aorta into account.
Purpose
Inflammation is not considered a player in BAV aortopathy. We introduce a quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) approach to sensitively look at the potential role of both the innate and adaptive immune system in BAV aortopathy.
Methods
Dilated (n=8), non-dilated (n=14) and dissected (n=4) BAV ascending aortas were collected during surgery or from post-mortem donors. Median time from symptoms to surgery for dissections was just over 4 hours. Tissue was stained with a novel 8-colour IHC technique allowing for simultaneous visualization of 6 markers per slide, completed with DAPI nuclear counter-stain and elastin fiber autofluorescence. One panel focused on the adaptive immune system (identifying B cells and classic dendritic cells type 2 (cDC2s) and phenotyping T cells), and the other on the innate immune system (assessing macrophage polarization and neutrophil extravasation). All cells were identified and comprehensively phenotyped using automated quantitative analysis.
Results
Aneurysm formation was associated with an organized and consistent increase of lymphocytes in the adventitia. B cell follicles and helper T cell expansion were identified, suggestive of a targeted adaptive immune response (Fig. 1a). Only dissected aortas showed a statistically significant increase of helper T (p=0.3) and cDC2s (p=0.3) in the media, when compared to non-dilated and dilated samples (Fig. 1b). The short time between dissection symptoms and surgery suggests these cells were present before the dissection occurred. Furthermore, aneurysms and dissections are associated with a shift in macrophage phenotype to the more aggressive M1-like subset. In summary, we found that a progression of aggressive immune cells in the adventitia and media was correlated to a progression in disease state; from normal to dilated to dissected.
Conclusions
Aorta dilatation in patients with BAV is associated with an expansion of B and helper T cells in the adventitial compartment without changes in the media. This result might indicate an antigen-driven adaptive immune response. Only dissections show an increase in helper T cells and cDC2s in the media, together with polarization of macrophages to a more M1-like phenotype. We hypothesize that antigen-specific helper T cells expand in the adventitia, migrate to the media, and then potentiate macrophages which can eventually lead to tissue degeneration. These associations could shine light on the final step in the deterioration of the aorta towards a dissection.
Figure 1. Microscopy results
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): TTW-NWO open technology grant (STW-14716), ERC-2014-StG-336454-CoNQUeST
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Affiliation(s)
- A.H.J Staal
- Radboud University Medical Center, Tumor Immunology Lab, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - K.R.G Cortenbach
- Radboud University Medical Center, Tumor Immunology Lab, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - M.A.J Gorris
- Radboud University Medical Center, Tumor Immunology Lab, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - G.S.C Geuzebroek
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - L.J Wisse
- Leiden University Medical Center, Epigenetics of Cardiovascular Development, Leiden, Netherlands (The)
| | - J Textor
- Radboud University Medical Center, Tumor Immunology Lab, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - M Srinivas
- Radboud University Medical Center, Tumor Immunology Lab, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - W.J Morshuis
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - I.J.M De Vries
- Radboud University Medical Center, Tumor Immunology Lab, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - M.C De Ruiter
- Leiden University Medical Center, Epigenetics of Cardiovascular Development, Leiden, Netherlands (The)
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Jain V, Dhua A, Agarwala S, Bakhshi S, Srinivas M, Iyer VK, Mathur S, Jana M, Kandasamy D, Biswas A, Bhatnagar V, Bajpai M. Outcome of Children with Stage IV Wilms Tumor - Our Experience of 15 Years. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2020; 25:372-377. [PMID: 33487940 PMCID: PMC7815034 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_168_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Stage IV Wilms tumor is associated with poor prognosis, and recent changes in management have been suggested based on genetic markers and response to chemotherapy in this subgroup of patients. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the outcomes of children with Stage IV Wilms tumor who were managed with the AIIMS-WT-99 protocol. Materials and Methods: All the children with Stage IV Wilms tumor who were managed by us from October 2000 to December 2012 were included in the study. All the patients who had received primary treatment elsewhere were excluded from the study. All patients were managed as per the AIIMS-WT-99 protocol. After appropriate investigations, tumors that were deemed resectable underwent an upfront surgery. Unresectable and inoperable tumors received chemotherapy after cytological confirmation of the diagnosis. Chemotherapy was administered as per the NWTS-5 study. Pulmonary and flank radiotherapy was advised to all patients. Patients with poor response to chemotherapy or with recurrence were managed with an alternative chemotherapy regimen. The outcomes that were assessed the 4-year overall survival (OS) and the 4-year event-free survival (EFS). Statistical Analysis Used: Kaplan–Meier survival estimates. Results: During the study period, 219 patients with Wilms tumor were treated. Of these, 36 (16.4%) had Stage IV disease, and they formed the study group. The 4-year OS was 48% with a mean survival time of 59 months limited to 115 months (95% confidence interval: 41.3–75.9 months). The 4-year EFS was 42.4%. Patients with liver metastases had a poor outcome, whereas patients with good response to chemotherapy had a good outcome. Conclusion: Stage IV Wilms had a poor prognosis, and the survival rates in the index study are lower than those quoted in the literature. Although the exact reason for this poor result eludes us, these patients may benefit from the intensification of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sameer Bakhshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. BRA Institute-Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Venkateswaran K Iyer
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Mathur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Jana
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ahitagni Biswas
- Department of Radiotherapy, Dr. BRA Institute-Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Veereshwar Bhatnagar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Singh TR, Agarwala S, Bakhshi S, Dhua A, Jain V, Srinivas M, Biswas A, Thulkur S, Jana M, Bisoi A, Kandaswamy D. Recurrent unilateral Wilms tumor: Lessons learned based on a prospective cohort study from India. Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2021.04.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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23
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Yadav M, Perumal M, Srinivas M. Analysis on novel coronavirus (COVID-19) using machine learning methods. Chaos Solitons Fractals 2020; 139:110050. [PMID: 32834604 PMCID: PMC7324348 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we are working on a pandemic of novel coronavirus (COVID-19). COVID-19 is an infectious disease, it creates severe damage in the lungs. COVID-19 causes illness in humans and has killed many people in the entire world. However, this virus is reported as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) and all countries are trying to control and lockdown all places. The main objective of this work is to solve the five different tasks such as I) Predicting the spread of coronavirus across regions. II) Analyzing the growth rates and the types of mitigation across countries. III) Predicting how the epidemic will end. IV) Analyzing the transmission rate of the virus. V) Correlating the coronavirus and weather conditions. The advantage of doing these tasks to minimize the virus spread by various mitigation, how well the mitigations are working, how many cases have been prevented by this mitigations, an idea about the number of patients that will recover from the infection with old medication, understand how much time will it take to for this pandemic to end, we will be able to understand and analyze how fast or slow the virus is spreading among regions and the infected patient to reduce the spread based clear understanding of the correlation between the spread and weather conditions. In this paper, we propose a novel Support Vector Regression method to analysis five different tasks related to novel coronavirus. In this work, instead of simple regression line we use the supported vectors also to get better classification accuracy. Our approach is evaluated and compared with other well-known regression models on standard available datasets. The promising results demonstrate its superiority in both efficiency and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Srinivas
- National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, India
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24
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Gazula S, Teja N, Mathur N, Srinivas M. Teratoma of Hepatoduodenal Ligament in Infancy: Precarious Location Posing a Grave Surgical Challenge. Indian J Surg Oncol 2020; 11:185-187. [PMID: 33364694 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-020-01138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suhasini Gazula
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Employees State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Superspeciality Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500038 India
| | - Navya Teja
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Employees State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Superspeciality Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500038 India
| | - Nimisha Mathur
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Employees State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Superspeciality Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500038 India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Employees State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Superspeciality Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500038 India
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Dey S, Jain V, Anand S, Agarwala S, Dhua A, Srinivas M, Bhatnagar V. First-Year follow-up of Newborns Operated for Esophageal Atresia in a Developing Country: Just Operating is not Enough! J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2020; 25:206-212. [PMID: 32939111 PMCID: PMC7478287 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_88_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To identify complications, their incidence and risk factors for their occurrence in patients of esophageal atresia (EA) in the 1st year after discharge following surgery. Materials and Methods: Cases of EA discharged after surgical intervention in the period of July 2011–July 2013 were considered a cohort. All data regarding demographics, investigations, surgical procedure, outcome, and follow-up were recorded. Results: Seventy-six such patients were discharged in the study period, six of whom were lost to follow-up, and hence, seventy patients were included in the study. Of these 70, 48 (69%) had esophageal continuity restored (46 EA + tracheoesophageal fistula [TEF]; 2 pure EA), while 22 (31%) had been diverted (3 pure EA; 8 EA + TEF following major leak; 11 long gap EA + TEF). Risk of developing any complication (except death) was 48/70 (68%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 57.4–79.7). Twenty-six of 48 patients with esophageal continuity restored, demonstrated narrowing on contrast study (54%; 95% CI = 39.5–68.7) but only 18 of these 48 (37.5%) had dysphagia. Thirty-one of seventy had an episode of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (44.2%; 95% CI = 32.3%–56.2%). Poor weight gain was observed in 27/70 (37%), and this was significantly common in diverted patients (63% vs. 25%; P = 0.009). Twenty-one of total 70 (30%) patients died within the 1st year following discharge. Conclusions: Sixty-eight percent of cases developed some complication, while 30% succumbed within the 1st year of life following discharge. The common complications were stricture, LRTI, and poor weight gain. All of these were common in diverted patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Dey
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Command Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vishesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Dhua
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Command Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Veereshwar Bhatnagar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Srinivas M, Satyaveni S, Ram B. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole-Isoxazole Linked Quinazoline Derivatives as Anticancer Agents. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363219120260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background: The histological nature of polyps by site prevalence and size is unclear. Aim: To determine the prevalence of polyps in patients undergoing routine lower gastrointestinal (LGI) endoscopy and identify the histological types and their characteristics by age, location and size. Materials and Methods: For this retrospective study, patients undergoing ileocolonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy between 2014 and 2016 were included. Data on age, gender, test indication, site and size of polyps and histology type were collected. Results: Two hundred and ninety (12.7%) of 2303 patients who underwent LGI endoscopy had colonic polyps (n= 317; single in 272 patients). The median age was 61.1 years (range 5-99 years) and 223 (76.4%) were men. Polyps were rare <40 years age (7.3%). By site, the polyp frequency in right colon was 6.9%, 3.9% in left colon and 4.6% in the rectum. Two thirds of polyps (64%) were <1cm size. The 3 common polyp types were adenomatous (48.9%), hyperplastic (23.7%), and inflammatory (22.4%). Adenomatous polyps were common above 60 years (p <0.0002), located often in right (35.5%) or left colon (42.6%), large in size (54.2%) and showed low grade dysplasia (89.7%). Hyperplastic polyps were most common in the middle aged and in the rectum (p <0.00001). Inflammatory polyps were the most common type below 40 years age. Almost all hyperplastic and inflammatory polyps were <1cm size (93.3% and 87.3%). Conclusions: Adenomatous polyps were the commonest type; especially >60 years age. High grade dysplasia and carcinoma were rare (10.3%). While two-thirds of polyps <1cm size were inflammatory or hyperplastic, 86% of large polyps were adenomatous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Jain
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mukul Vij
- Departments of Pathology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Srinivas
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tom Michael
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayanthi Venkataraman
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Krekorian M, Van Riessen K, Sandker G, Swider E, Staal A, Koshkina O, Heskamp S, Srinivas M, Aarntzen E. PLGA nanoparticles for combined SPECT/PET and 19F MRI in vivo cell tracking. Nucl Med Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(19)30305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gálisová A, Herynek V, Swider E, Sticová E, Pátiková A, Kosinová L, Kříž J, Hájek M, Srinivas M, Jirák D. A Trimodal Imaging Platform for Tracking Viable Transplanted Pancreatic Islets In Vivo: F-19 MR, Fluorescence, and Bioluminescence Imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 21:454-464. [PMID: 30167995 PMCID: PMC6525139 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1270-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Combining specific and quantitative F-19 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with sensitive and convenient optical imaging provides complementary information about the distribution and viability of transplanted pancreatic islet grafts. In this study, pancreatic islets (PIs) were labeled with positively charged multimodal nanoparticles based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA-NPs) with encapsulated perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether and the near-infrared fluorescent dye indocyanine green. PROCEDURES One thousand and three thousand bioluminescent PIs were transplanted into subcutaneous artificial scaffolds, which served as an alternative transplant site. The grafts were monitored using in vivo F-19 MR, fluorescence, and bioluminescence imaging in healthy rats for 2 weeks. RESULTS Transplanted PIs were unambiguously localized in the scaffolds by F-19 MRI throughout the whole experiment. Fluorescence was detected in the first 4 days after transplantation only. Importantly, in vivo bioluminescence correlated with the F-19 MRI signal. CONCLUSIONS We developed a trimodal imaging platform for in vivo examination of transplanted PIs. Fluorescence imaging revealed instability of the fluorescent dye and its limited applicability for longitudinal in vivo studies. A correlation between the bioluminescence signal and the F-19 MRI signal indicated the fast clearance of PLGA-NPs from the transplantation site after cell death, which addresses a major issue with intracellular imaging labels. Therefore, the proposed PLGA-NP platform is reliable for reflecting the status of transplanted PIs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gálisová
- MR Unit, Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - V Herynek
- MR Unit, Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Swider
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - E Sticová
- Department of Clinical and Transplant Pathology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Pátiková
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L Kosinová
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Kříž
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Hájek
- MR Unit, Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - D Jirák
- MR Unit, Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Jain M, Baijal R, Srinivas M, Venkataraman J. Fecal evacuation disorders in anal fissure, hemorrhoids, and solitary rectal ulcer syndrome. Indian J Gastroenterol 2019; 38:173-177. [PMID: 30707420 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-018-0927-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The causative factors for hemorrhoids, anal fissure, and solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) are poorly understood. The study was done to identify the prevalence of fecal evacuation disorders in patients with anal fissure, hemorrhoids, and SRUS using anorectal manometry (ARM). Retrospective analysis of ARM data from three centers across India was done. Baseline demographic details and symptoms pertaining to bowel movements were noted. Limited colonoscopy details pertaining to hemorrhoids, fissure-in-ano, and SRUS were noted. The patients were divided into two groups-group I (those with fissure, hemorrhoids, or solitary rectal ulcer) and group II (normal study). ARM parameters of resting anal pressure, squeeze pressure, dyssynergic defecation, and abnormal balloon expulsion were compared between the two groups. Sub-analysis was done for ARM metric differences between those with hemorrhoids, chronic fissure, and SRUS. Appropriate statistical tests were used. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. There were more men in group I (87%; p-value 0.01) with a higher resting anal pressure (80 vs. 69 mmHg, p-value 0.03). Functional evacuation disorders (p < 0.0001), dyssynergic defecation (77.2% vs. 46.8%, p < 0.0001) and abnormal balloon expulsion (66.7% vs. 20.3%, p < 0.0001) were significantly higher in group I. These were significantly more common in patients with anal fissure and SRUS compared to those with hemorrhoids (p-value 0.028). Functional evacuation disorders are frequently noted in patients with hemorrhoids, anal fissure, and SRUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, 439, Cheran Nagar, Chennai, 600 100, India. .,Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, 14, Manik Bagh Road, Indore, 452 014, India.
| | - Rajiv Baijal
- Pushpavati Singhania Hospital and Research Centre, Press Enclave Marg, J Pocket, Phase II, Sheikh Sarai, New Delhi, 110 017, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, 439, Cheran Nagar, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - Jayanthi Venkataraman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, 439, Cheran Nagar, Chennai, 600 100, India
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Chandra Prasad B, Srinivas M, Sadasiva Rao K. Comparative Efficacy of Ovsynch and Double PG Protocols in Postpartum Anoestrus Graded Murrah Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Journal of Livestock Science 2019. [DOI: 10.33259/jlivestsci.2019.6-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Joshi V, Jain M, Srinivas M, Mahadevan B, Kumar GSS, Ganesh P, Reddy AS, Venkataraman J. Bowel Cleansing Agents in Clinical Practice: A Cross-Sectional Study on Safety, Efficacy, and Predictor of Good Bowel Preparation. Journal of Digestive Endoscopy 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jde.jde_71_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background: A good bowel preparation for colonoscopy is the most important factor that has an impact on visualization and outcome of the procedure. Aim: The primary aim of the study was to assess the quality of bowel preparation as reported by the Boston Bowel Preparation Score (BBPS). The secondary aim of the study was to analyze the patient feedback on ease of administration, palatability, and side effects with the bowel preparation. Materials and Methods: Patients undergoing colonoscopy between March 2018 and September 2018 were enrolled in the study. Patients <18 years of age, those with the previous history of colorectal surgery, emergency procedures in an unprepared colon, and those not willing to participate were excluded from the study. Colon preparation of the patient was decided by senior consultants. A predesigned pro forma that included demography, indication for the procedure, preparation details, dietary recommendations the previous day if any, side effects, and patient’s comfort to preparation was completed by two-independent observers. The BBPS was used to assess the bowel preparation. A score of <5 was deemed inadequate. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study cohort consisted of 141 patients, of which 78 were male (55.3%). Eighty (56.7%) patients received oral sulfate-based preparation and 61(43.4%) polyethylene glycol-based preparation. Nearly one third of cases reported the solution to be non palatable. 15.4% respondents reported nausea, vomiting and bloating as the major side effects of the preparation. The median duration of colonoscopy was 25 min (8–45 min). One hundred and eighteen patients (83.6%) had a BBPS score of ≥5. Sulfate preparation resulted in better bowel cleansing (P = 0.01). Age, gender, and dosing schedule of preparation, including bedtime dosing of stimulant laxative, did not alter the BBPS score. Conclusion: Sulfate- and polyethylene glycol-based preparations are commonly used for cleansing the colon. Bowel cleansing was adequate in most patients and sulfate-based yielded better bowel cleansing. Nearly 15.4% of patients reported side effects to these preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Joshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mayank Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Srinivas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B. Mahadevan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G. S. Sameer Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P. Ganesh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramchandra Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alla Siddharth Reddy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramchandra Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayanthi Venkataraman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ramchandra Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Krishna H, Changil A, Srinivas M, Roy TS, Jacob TG. Ultrastructural Study of Rat Testis Following Conventional Phototherapy during Neonatal Period. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2018; 6:205-211. [PMID: 30464894 PMCID: PMC6206757 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_17_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Phototherapy is the most common treatment for neonatal jaundice. This study sought to determine ultrastructural changes in testis, at different time-points, after 48 hours of conventional phototherapy was given to newborn rats. Methods Newborn male Wistar rats (n = 36) were divided into two groups as follows - group 1 (G1), control (without phototherapy) and group 2 (G2), exposure to conventional phototherapy for 48 h. Six animals from each group were sacrificed on postnatal days (PND) 70, 100 and 130. The testes were dissected out and processed for Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Results TEM showed that G2 on PND 70 and 100 showed damaged organelles, including nuclei, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuoles and electron dense bodies in the testes. Seminiferous Tubule on PND130 showed lesser damage. On PND70 ST wall thickness (STWT) of G2 was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than G1 STWT of G2 was significantly lower than G1 on PND100 (P = 0.047) and on PND130 (P < 0.001). Mitochondrial diameter in spermatogonia was significantly higher in G2 on PND70 (P = 0.001), PND100 (P = 0.031) and PND130 (P = 0.028). Primary spermatocytes in G2 also had larger mitochondria on PND70 (P < 0.001), PND100 (P = 0.007) and PND130 (P = 0.008). Further, spermatids had larger mitochondria in G2 on PND70 (P < 0.001), PND100 (P = 0.044) and PND130 (P < 0.001). Conclusion Phototherapy causes degenerative changes in rat testis on PND70 and 100 that partially recover by PND 130.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hare Krishna
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Asha Changil
- Department of Anatomy, Army College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Tara Sankar Roy
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tony George Jacob
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Srinivas M, Jain M, Bawane P, Jayanthi V. Chicago Classification normative metrics in a healthy Indian cohort for a 16-channel water-perfused high-resolution esophageal manometry system. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13386. [PMID: 29856105 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) interpretation by the Chicago Classification (CC) derives its normal values from western volunteers using solid-state catheters. There is no normative data for the 16-channel water-perfused HREM system commonly used in India. AIMS To determine normal values for a 16-channel water-perfused HREM catheter in supine posture using healthy volunteers and substitute these normal values (if different from CC values) in the CC v3.0 algorithm. METHODS After ethics approval and informed consent, 53 volunteers (31 men) with no gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms or medications affecting GI motility underwent HREM by standard protocol. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and manometry parameters analyzed using Trace 1.3.3 software were collected. The median, range, and 5, 10, 75, and 95 percentiles (where applicable) were obtained for all HREM metrics. Normal value percentiles were defined as 95th (integrated relaxation pressure [IRP]), 10th-100th (distal contractile integral [DCI]), and minimum (distal latency [DL]). RESULTS The mean age was 30 years and the BMI was 24.2 kg m-2 . Compared to CC, our normal metrics were lower for IRP (13 mm Hg) and DCI (350-4500 mm Hg s cm). DCI >4500 and <70 (<5th percentile) were defined as hypercontractile and failed contraction, respectively. Abnormal DL (<4.5 s) and peristaltic break size (>5 cm) were similar to CC metrics. Applying these metrics, CC diagnoses changed in 15% (8/53) with downgrading of ineffective motility to fragmented peristalsis or normal, due to lower DCI cutoff used. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of normative data for the 16-channel water-perfused system in supine posture. It revealed lower IRP and DCI, necessitating modification of CC cutoffs for this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Srinivas
- GI Motility Unit, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, TN, India
| | - M Jain
- GI Motility Unit, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, TN, India
| | - P Bawane
- GI Motility Unit, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, TN, India
| | - V Jayanthi
- GI Motility Unit, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, TN, India
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Jain M, Srinivas M, Bawane P, Venkataraman J. Basal lower esophageal sphincter pressure in gastroesophageal reflux disease: An ignored metric in high-resolution esophageal manometry. Indian J Gastroenterol 2018; 37:446-451. [PMID: 30402679 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-018-0898-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Manometry and 24-h pH interpretation have seldom been studied. Our aim was to study these parameters as gold standard in reflux disease and to identify predictors of pathological acid reflux. Retrospective case record review of all patients with reflux disease evaluated using endoscopy, manometry, and 24-h pH testing from 2010 to 2016. Patients were categorized using Johnson-DeMeester score into two groups-group I (score > 14.7, normal study) and group II (< 14.7, normal study). These groups were compared for the above-mentioned parameters. Appropriate statistical tests were applied. P-value < 0.05 was considered significant. The study group includes 94 patients (median age 44 years, 63.8% males). Sixty (63.8%) and 34 patients belonged to groups I and II, respectively, 76.6% patients had normal endoscopy while the remaining had mild esophagitis. Peristalsis was normal in 66%, followed by ineffective esophageal motility (19.1%) and fragmented peristalsis (14.9%). Demography, symptoms, endoscopy findings, and peristalsis characteristics were similar between the two groups. Group II patients had significantly lower basal lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure (11.9 vs. 16.6; p < 0.02), lower integrated relaxation pressure (5.7 vs. 7.4; p < 0.01), and larger separation between LES and crural diaphragm (1.7 vs. 1.4 cm; p < 0.003). Basal LES pressure < 10 mmHg had the highest likelihood ratio (2.2) to predict an abnormal pH study. Basal LES pressure, integrated relaxation pressure, and hiatus size correlated with pathological acid reflux. Hypotensive basal lower esophageal sphincter pressure was the best predictor of an abnormal pH study but with negative linear correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, 439, Medavakkam Road, Perumbakkam, Cheran Nagar, Chennai, 600 100, India.
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, 439, Medavakkam Road, Perumbakkam, Cheran Nagar, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - Piyush Bawane
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, 439, Medavakkam Road, Perumbakkam, Cheran Nagar, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - Jayanthi Venkataraman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, 439, Medavakkam Road, Perumbakkam, Cheran Nagar, Chennai, 600 100, India
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Kumar A, Jat KR, Srinivas M, Lodha R. Nebulized N-Acetylcysteine for Management of Plastic Bronchitis. Indian Pediatr 2018; 55:701-703. [PMID: 30218522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plastic bronchitis is characterized by formation of extensive obstructive endobronchial casts and high recurrence rates. CASE CHARACTERISTICS Two children (1-year-old girl, 7-year-old boy) who had recurrent episodes of respiratory distress with acute worsening. Bronchoscopy revealed membrane-like casts. Both children were managed with nebulized N-acetylcysteine in addition to management for asthma. OUTCOME Symptom-free without recurrence for more than 9 months of follow-up. MESSAGE Nebulized N- acetylcysteine may be helpful in prevention of recurrence of plastic bronchitis due to asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kana Ram Jat
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Lodha
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Correspondence to: Dr Rakesh Lodha, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
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Jain M, Srinivas M, Ravi R, Mahadevan B, Michael T, Venkataraman J. Isolated Terminal Ileal Mucosal Changes: When is the Bite Indicated? Journal of Digestive Endoscopy 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/jde.jde_68_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Aim: This study aims to determine the clinical presentation, and ileal mucosal changes during colonoscopy for which terminal ileal (TI) biopsies were taken at our center and to determine the specific histopathology which had the best yield for specific colonoscopy findings. Materials and Methods: Retrospective audit of all patients who underwent colonoscopy with ileoscopy between 2012 and 2016. All patients with TI mucosal changes and normal colonic mucosa, who underwent ileal biopsy, were included in this study. Patient data regarding age, gender, indication for ileocolonoscopy (screening for colorectal cancers, inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], or irritable bowel syndrome [IBS]) and histopathology changes were collected. Appropriate statistical tests were used and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: One hundred and nine patients had isolated ileal lesions. The median age was 44.1 years (range 8–80
years). Men outnumbered women in a ratio of 82:27. The major clinical indications for ileocolonoscopy were IBS (64.2%), followed by IBD (22%). Ulcers (aphthoid) were the most frequent finding followed by mucosal nodularity and nonspecific findings. Ulcers in ileum were most often reported as chronic ileitis (46.2%), followed by nonspecific changes (35.2%) Biopsy from nodular ileal lesions, were predominantly nonspecific (74.4%), followed by acute (15.4%) and chronic ileitis (10.2%). About 50% of specimens with nonspecific ileal changes had nonspecific histological changes. Ileal ulcers had the highest sensitivity, PPV, and NPV for significant histological findings. Conclusion: Ileal ulcers are the significant colonoscopy findings where tissue biopsy is likely to yield a definitive diagnosis and justify specific management. Biopsies from nonspecific ileal changes and nodularity should be discouraged as it is unlikely to pick up
any major abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Srinivas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Ravi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B. Mahadevan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tom Michael
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayanthi Venkataraman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Roy A, Hegde S, Srinivas M. Sequelae of stroke a prospective study. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Saneja A, Nayak D, Srinivas M, Kumar A, Khare V, Katoch A, Goswami A, Vishwakarma RA, Sawant SD, Gupta PN. Development and mechanistic insight into enhanced cytotoxic potential of hyaluronic acid conjugated nanoparticles in CD44 overexpressing cancer cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 97:79-91. [PMID: 27989859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The overexpression of CD44 in cancer cells reroutes number of oncogenic pathways including the central Pi3K/Akt/NF-kB pathway leading to cancer progression and malignancy. Herein, we developed hyaluronic acid-modified poly(dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly (ethylene glycol) nanoparticles (PLGA-PEG-HA NPs) for targeted delivery of TTQ (thio-tetrazolyl analog of a clinical candidate, IC87114) to CD44 overexpressing cancer cells. The PLGA-PEG co-polymer was synthesized and characterized by NMR and FTIR. The co-polymer based nanoparticles were prepared by solvent evaporation method and hyaluronic acid (HA) was conjugated on to the nanoparticle surface via EDC/NHS chemistry. The PLGA-PEG-HA NPs had a desirable particle size (<200nm) with reduced polydispersibility and exhibited spherical shape under atomic force microscope (AFM). In vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake studies demonstrated higher cytotoxicity and enhanced intracellular accumulation of PLGA-PEG-HA NPs compared to PLGA-PEG NPs in high CD44 expressing MiaPaca-2 cells compared to MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells. At the molecular level, the PLGA-PEG-HA NPs were found to be inducing premature senescence with increase in senescence associated β-galactosidase activity and senescence specific marker p21 expression through modulation of Pi3K/Akt/NF-kB signaling pathway in MiaPaca-2 cells. These findings collectively indicated that HA-modified nanoparticles might serve as a promising nanocarrier for site-specific drug delivery, and can be explored further to increase the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs via targeting to CD44 over-expressing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Saneja
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Debasis Nayak
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Vaibhav Khare
- Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Archana Katoch
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Anindya Goswami
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
| | - Ram A Vishwakarma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Sanghapal D Sawant
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
| | - Prem N Gupta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of unnecessary hospital admissions as well as fatalities placing an immense burden on the healthcare industry. A process to provide timely intervention can reduce the morbidity rate as well as control rising costs. Patients with cardiovascular diseases require quick intervention. Towards that end, automated detection of abnormal heartbeats captured by electronic cardiogram (ECG) signals is vital. While cardiologists can identify different heartbeat morphologies quite accurately among different patients, the manual evaluation is tedious and time consuming. In this chapter, we propose new features from the time and frequency domains and furthermore, feature normalization techniques to reduce inter-patient and intra-patient variations in heartbeat cycles. Our results using the adaptive learning based classifier emulate those reported in existing literature and in most cases deliver improved performance, while eliminating the need for labeling of signals by domain experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Srinivas
- VIsual LearninG and InteLligence (VIGIL) Group, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India . E-mail:
| | - Tony Basil
- VIsual LearninG and InteLligence (VIGIL) Group, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India . E-mail:
| | - C Krishna Mohan
- VIsual LearninG and InteLligence (VIGIL) Group, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India . E-mail:
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Patel NP, Verma V, Modi D, Murhty KVR, Srinivas M. Thermoluminescence kinetic features of Eu 3+ doped strontium pyrophosphate after beta irradiation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15672j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Strontium pyrophosphate (Sr2P2O7) doped with various concentrations of Eu3+ as a doping agent is synthesized using a combustion method and to study the thermoluminescence dosimetry [TLD] and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimesh P. Patel
- Department of Physics
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara-390002
- India
| | - Vishwnath Verma
- Department of Physics
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara-390002
- India
| | - Dhaval Modi
- Department of Physics
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara-390002
- India
| | - K. V. R. Murhty
- Department of Applied Physics
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara-390003
- India
| | - M. Srinivas
- Department of Physics
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara-390002
- India
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Raj MP, Naidu GV, Srinivas M, Raghunath M, Rao KA. Relationship of Body Condition Score at Estrus and Conception Rate in Graded Murrah Buffaloes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5958/2277-940x.2016.00105.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Solanki S, Srinivas M, Sinha A, Mittal D, Mallick S, Agarwala S, Bhatnagar V. Histopathological changes at colonic anastomotic site after ischemia reperfusion injury: role of aminoguanidine in experimental model. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2015; 25:242-9. [PMID: 24683106 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1371714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) has a significant role in ischemia reperfusion (I-R) injury. I-R injury impairs the healing at the intestinal anastomotic site. This study was designed to assess the role of aminoguanidine (AG, a selective inhibitor of iNOS), in healing at the colonic anastomotic site after intestinal I-R injury in rats. Methods: Female Wistar rats (n = 60) were divided into three groups. Group I (n = 15): sham operation, Group II (n = 15): I-R injury and anastomosis, and Group III (n = 30): I-R injury + anastomosis + AG-50 mg/kg. On the 7th postoperative day, relaparotomy was done and 4 cm of the colon with an intact area of the anastomosis was resected. Bursting pressure and histology at the anastomotic site were assessed. RESULTS The bursting pressure was significantly higher in Group III. In addition, bridging parameters (i.e., mucosal continuity, muscular continuity, re-epithelization, and granulation tissue), collagen pattern, and collagen density were significantly better in Group III. While the polymorphonuclear density was higher in Group II, suggestive of delayed healing. CONCLUSION AG, by decreasing inflammation and increasing collagen content in an organized pattern, helped in preventing I-R injury at the site of colonic anastomosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh Solanki
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anand Sinha
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Mittal
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saumyaranjan Mallick
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V Bhatnagar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Raveendra G, Srinivas M, Pasha N, Prasada Rao AV, Sai Prasad PS, Lingaiah N. Heteropoly tungstate supported on tantalum oxide: a highly active acid catalyst for the selective conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxy methyl furfural. Reac Kinet Mech Cat 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-015-0868-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bhadoo D, Bajpai M, Abid A, Sukanya G, Agarwala S, Srinivas M, Deka D, Agarwal N, Agarwal R, Kumar R. Study of prognostic significance of antenatal ultrasonography and renin angiotensin system activation in predicting disease severity in posterior urethral valves. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2015; 20:63-7. [PMID: 25829668 PMCID: PMC4360456 DOI: 10.4103/0971-9261.151546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Study on prognostic significance of antenatal ultrasonography and renin angiotensin system activation in predicting disease severity in posterior urethral valves. Materials and Methods: Antenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis patients were included. Postnatally, they were divided into two groups, posterior urethral valve (PUV) and non-PUV. The studied parameters were: Gestational age at detection, surgical intervention, ultrasound findings, cord blood and follow up plasma renin activity (PRA) values, vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR), renal scars, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Results: A total of 25 patients were included, 10 PUV and 15 non-PUV. All infants with PUV underwent primary valve incision. GFR was less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 body surface area in 4 patients at last follow-up. Keyhole sign, oligoamnios, absent bladder cycling, and cortical cysts were not consistent findings on antenatal ultrasound in PUV. Cord blood PRA was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in PUV compared to non-PUV patients. Gestational age at detection of hydronephrosis, cortical cysts, bladder wall thickness, and amniotic fluid index were not significantly correlated with GFR while PRA could differentiate between poor and better prognosis cases with PUV. Conclusions: Ultrasound was neither uniformly useful in diagnosing PUV antenatally, nor differentiating it from cases with non-PUV hydronephrosis. In congenital hydronephrosis, cord blood PRA was significantly higher in cases with PUV compared to non-PUV cases and fell significantly after valve ablation. Cord blood PRA could distinguish between poor and better prognosis cases with PUV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bhadoo
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Bajpai
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ali Abid
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gayan Sukanya
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepika Deka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nutan Agarwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Agarwal
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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