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Khan W, Zhu Y, Khan A, Zhao L, Yang YM, Wang N, Hao M, Ma Y, Nepal J, Ullah F, Rehman MMU, Abrar M, Xiong YC. Above-and below-ground feedback loop of maize is jointly enhanced by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in drier soil. Sci Total Environ 2024; 917:170417. [PMID: 38280611 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a potent abiotic stressor that arrests crop growth, significantly affecting crop health and yields. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can offer to protect plants from stressful environments through improving water, and nutrient use efficiency by strengthening plant root structure and harnessing favorable rhizosphere environments. When Acaulospora laevis (AMF) and Bacillus subtilus (PGPR) are introduced in combination, enhanced root growth and beneficial microbial colonization can mitigate drought stress. To assess this potential, a pot experiment was done with maize (Zea mays L.) to explore the effects of A. laevis and B. subtilus under different water levels (well-watered = 80 %; moderate water stress = 55 %; and severe water stress = 35 %) on maize yield, soil microbial activities, nutrients contents, root, and leaf functioning. Plants exposed to severe drought stress hampered their root and leaf functioning, and reduced grain yield compared with control plants. Combined use of AMF and PGPR increased root colonization (104.6 %-113.2 %) and microbial biomass carbon (36.38 %-40.23 %) under moderate to severe drought conditions over control. Higher root colonization was strongly linked with elevated ACC (aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) production, subsequently enhancing water use efficiency (21.62 %-12.77 %), root hydraulic conductivity (1.9 %-1.4 %) and root nutrient uptake under moderate to severe drought conditions. Enhanced nutrient uptake further promoted leaf photosynthetic rate by 27.3 %-29.8 % under moderate and severe drought stress. Improving leaf and root physiological functioning enhanced maize grain yield under stressful environments. Furthermore, co-inoculation with AMF-PGPR reduced cellular damage by lowering oxidative enzyme levels and increasing antioxidative enzyme activities, improving plant performance and grain yield under stressful environments. Conclusively, the synergistic interaction of AMF with PGPR ensured plant stress tolerance by reducing cellular injury, facilitating root-leaf functioning, enhancing nutrient-water-use-efficiencies, and increasing yield under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, School of Life Sciences/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Aziz Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, School of Life Sciences/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, School of Life Sciences/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yu-Miao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, School of Life Sciences/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, School of Life Sciences/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Meng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, School of Life Sciences/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, School of Life Sciences/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jaya Nepal
- Department of Soil, Water & Ecosystem Sciences, Indian River Research Center, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
| | - Fazal Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, School of Life Sciences/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Muhammad Maqsood Ur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, School of Life Sciences/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Muhammad Abrar
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, School of Life Sciences/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - You-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, School of Life Sciences/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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Iqbal A, Maqsood Ur Rehman M, Sajjad W, Degen AA, Rafiq M, Jiahuan N, Khan S, Shang Z. Patterns of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of alpine wet meadows. Environ Res 2024; 241:117672. [PMID: 37980986 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Wet meadows, a type of wetland, are vulnerable to climate change and human activity, impacting soil properties and microorganisms that are crucial to the ecosystem processes of wet meadows. To decipher the ecological mechanisms and processes involved in wet meadows, it is necessary to examine the bacterial communities associated with plant roots. To gain valuable insight into the microbial dynamics of alpine wet meadows, we used Illumina MiSeq sequencing to investigate how environmental factors shape the bacterial communities thriving in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of three plant species: Cremanthodium ellisii, Caltha scaposa, and Cremanthodium lineare. The most abundant bacterial phyla in rhizosphere and rhizoplane were Proteobacteria > Firmicutes > Actinobacteria, while Macrococcus, Lactococcus, and Exiguobacterium were the most abundant bacterial genera between rhizosphere and rhizoplane. The mantel test, network, and structure equation models revealed that bacterial communities of rhizosphere were shaped by total nitrogen (TN), soil water content (SWC), soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), pH, however, rhizoplane bacterial communities exhibited varying results. The bacterial communities exhibited significant heterogeneity, with stochastic process predominating in both the rhizosphere and rhizoplane. PICRUSt2 and FAPROTAX analysis revealed substantial differences in key biogeochemical cycles and metabolic functional predictions. It was concluded that root compartments significantly influenced the bacterial communities, although plant species and elevation asserted varying effects. This study portrays how physicochemical properties, plant species, and elevations can shift the overall structure and functional repertoire of bacterial communities in alpine wet meadows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Muhammad Maqsood Ur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wasim Sajjad
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Abraham Allan Degen
- Desert Animal Adaptations and Husbandry, Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 8410500, Israel
| | - Muhammad Rafiq
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Baluchistan University of IT, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Niu Jiahuan
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xian Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Salman Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhanhuan Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Khan A, Ali H, Rehman UU, Belduz AO, Bibi A, Abdurahman MA, Shah AA, Badshah M, Hasan F, Kilic AO, Ullah A, Jahan S, Rehman MMU, Mansoor R, Khan S. Prebiotic potential of enzymatically prepared resistant starch in reshaping gut microbiota and their respond to body physiology. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267318. [PMID: 35576192 PMCID: PMC9109903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in consumer demand for high-quality food products has led to growth in the use of new technologies and ingredients. Resistant starch (RS) is a recently recognised source of fibre and has received much attention for its potential health benefits and functional properties. However, knowledge about the fate of RS in modulating complex intestinal communities, the microbial members involved in its degradation, enhancement of microbial metabolites, and its functional role in body physiology is still limited. For this purpose, the current study was designed to ratify the physiological and functional health benefits of enzymatically prepared resistant starch (EM-RSIII) from maize flour. To approve the beneficial health effects as prebiotic, EM-RSIII was supplemented in rat diets. After 21 days of the experiment, EM-RSIII fed rats showed a significant reduction in body weight gain, fecal pH, glycemic response, serum lipid profile, insulin level and reshaping gut microbiota, and enhancing short-chain fatty acid compared to control. The count of butyrate-producing and starch utilizing bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Pediococcus genus in rat’s gut, elevated after the consumption of medium and high doses of EM-RSIII, while the E. coli completely suppressed in high EM-RSIII fed rats. Short-chain fatty acids precisely increased in feces of EM-RSIII feed rats. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the effect of butyrate on functional and physiological alteration on the body had been investigated during the current study. Conclusively, the present study demonstrated the unprecedented effect of utilising EM-RSIII as a diet on body physiology and redesigning gut microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Huma Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ubaid Ur Rehman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Osman Belduz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Amna Bibi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Aamer Ali Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Badshah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fariha Hasan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Osman Kilic
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Asad Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Maqsood Ur Rehman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Mansoor
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samiullah Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Saba M, Khan A, Ali H, Bibi A, Gul Z, Khan A, Rehman MMU, Badshah M, Hasan F, Shah AA, Khan S. Microbial Pretreatment of Chicken Feather and Its Co-digestion With Rice Husk and Green Grocery Waste for Enhanced Biogas Production. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:792426. [PMID: 35464983 PMCID: PMC9022067 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.792426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To utilize wastes and residues sustainably and excellently, there is a need to fend for efficient methods and resources for biogas production. Use of poultry waste for biogas production represents one of the most important routes toward reaching global renewable energy targets. The current study involves microbial pretreatment of chicken feather waste, followed by its co-digestion with rice husk and green grocery waste in batch and continuous reactors, respectively. Microbial pretreatment of chicken feathers by keratinase secreting Pseudomonas aeruginosa was an effective and eco-friendly approach to make its recalcitrant structure available as a raw substrate for biogas production. The current study also addressed the enhancement and stability of anaerobic digestion by co-digestion. Results demonstrated that biogas production was increased by microbial pretreatment of chicken feathers and that the percentage increase in biogas yield was 1.1% in microbialy pretreated feathers compared to mono-digestion (non-pretreated feathers) in batch fermentation. The highest yield of biogas was obtained in a batch reactor having co-digestion of pretreated rice husk and microbial pretreated chicken feathers. The co-digestion of chicken feathers hydrolysate with green grocery waste in continuous fermentation mode has also enhanced the biogas yield as compared to average of mono-digestion (chicken feather hydrolysate and green grocery waste) and, therefore, improve the efficiency of the overall process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marium Saba
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anum Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Huma Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Bibi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Gul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Alam Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Maqsood Ur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory, Grassland Argo-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Malik Badshah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fariha Hasan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ali Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Samiullah Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Samiullah Khan,
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Khan A, Siddiqui S, Ur Rahman U, Ali H, Saba M, Andleeb Azhar F, Maqsood Ur Rehman M, Ali Shah A, Badshah M, Hasan F, Khan S. Physicochemical properties of enzymatically prepared resistant starch from maize flour and its use in cookies formulation. International Journal of Food Properties 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1742736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anum Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Samiya Siddiqui
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ubaid Ur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Huma Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Marium Saba
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Aamer Ali Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Badshah
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fariha Hasan
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Samiullah Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Iqbal A, Shang Z, Rehman MLU, Ju M, Rehman MMU, Rafiq MK, Ayub N, Bai Y. Pattern of microbial community composition and functional gene repertoire associated with methane emission from Zoige wetlands, China-A review. Sci Total Environ 2019; 694:133675. [PMID: 31756831 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Hindu-Kush Himalaya region extends over 4 million km2 across the eight countries. Knowingly, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) is considered the principal altitudinal permafrost constituent on earth and is deemed as the third 'pole'. Among which, the Zoige wetlands are located in the northeastern boundary of QTP, wrapping a total area of 6180 km2 with an average altitude of 3500 m. This entire region is the hotspot for methane emission since the last decade. Given the importance of methane emission, many studies have focused on the effect of environmental fluctuations on the overall methane profile and, more recently on the methanogenic community structure. The current review summarizes recent advancements of the methanogenic community and methane profile and outlines a framework for better understanding of the microbial ecology of the Zoige wetlands, China. Moreover, as microorganisms are indispensable to biogeochemical cycles, especially for methane, they are believed to be the best indicators to identify the condition of wetlands. Hence, we suggest that, underpinning the microbial profile could help understand the status of a wetland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Iqbal
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Zhanhuan Shang
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Mian Laiq Ur Rehman
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Meiting Ju
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Muhammad Maqsood Ur Rehman
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Muhammad Khalid Rafiq
- Rangeland Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; UK Biochar Research Centre, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, King's Building, Edinburgh EH93FF, United Kingdom
| | - Nasir Ayub
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Yanfu Bai
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
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Uddin S, Khan FU, Ahmad T, Rehman MMU, Arif M. Two Years of Retrospective Study on the Incidence of Tuberculosis in Dir Lower Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Hosp Pharm 2018; 53:344-349. [PMID: 30210154 PMCID: PMC6130118 DOI: 10.1177/0018578718758603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Pakistan has high tuberculosis (TB) burden with alarming mortality and morbidity, and its rate increases day by day, especially in remote areas where access of quality health is not available. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the incidence rate of pulmonary TB in the Dir valley among the suspected patients according to age-, gender-, and location-wise prevalence of the disease. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was designed from January 2015 to December 2016. All the 556 people registered are suspected patients of pulmonary tuberculosis sputum smear (PTB-SS) positive, whereas the remaining cases were diagnosed with extra-pulmonary TB and hence excluded from the study. Results: The ratio of PTB-SS-positive cases was higher in females (50.5%, n = 281) compared with males (49.5%, n = 275). Furthermore, in the age group 1 to 20 years, the percentage of PTB-SS-positive cases was 28.1% (n = 156), in 21 to 40 years 40.3% (n = 224), in 41 to 60 years 18.7% (n = 104), in 61 to 80 years 11.2% (n = 62), and at age group >81 years, it was 1.8% (n = 10). No difference was found in the years 2015 and 2016 regarding PTB-SS-positive cases registration. Age and health care facilities (P < .000) and treatment outcome (P < .000) have a strong relationship. No significant relation was found with other demographics variables (P > 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded from our finding that TB was considerably increased in the general population of District Dir (Lower), and proper supervision, diagnosis, treatment, and awareness of rapid prophylactic measures are needed to eradicate the issue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tariq Ahmad
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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