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Akhtar M, Zaman M, Siddiqi AZ, Ali H, Khan R, Alvi MN, Butt MH, El-Demerdash FM, Binjawhar DN, Sayed AA, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach to formulate and optimize the bilayer combination tablet of Tamsulosin and Finasteride. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101957. [PMID: 38313822 PMCID: PMC10837631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.101957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
An orally administered bilayer tablet with Tamsulosin (TAM) as the sustained release (SR) and Finasteride (FIN) as immediate release (IR) was manufactured. A response surface methodology was employed to formulate bilayer tablets with individual release layers, i.e., sustained and immediate release (SR and IR). Independent variables selected in both cases comprise hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as SR polymer, and avicel PH102 in the inner layer while Triacetin and talc in the outer layer, respectively. Tablets were prepared by direct compression, a total of 11 formulations were prepared for inner layer TAM, and 9 formulations for outer layer FIN were designed; these formulations were evaluated for hardness, friability, thickness, %drug content, and %drug release. A central composite design was employed in response surface methodology to design and optimize the formulation. The percentage of drug released was evaluated by in-vitro USP dissolution method of optimized formulation for 0.5, 2, and 6 hrs, and results were 24.63, 52.96, and 97.68 %, respectively. Drug release data was plotted in various kinetic models using a D.D solver, where drug release was first order that is concentration dependent and was best explained by Korsmeyer-Peppa kinetics, as the highest linearity was observed (R2 = 0.9693). However, a very close relationship was also noted with Higuchi kinetics (R2 = 0.9358). The mechanism of drug release was determined through the Korsmeyer model, and exponent "n" was found to be 0.4, indicative of an anomalous diffusion mechanism or diffusion coupled with erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneeba Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaman
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Hasan Ali
- Highnoon Laboratories Limited, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rahima Khan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Alvi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hammad Butt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fatma M. El-Demerdash
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dalal Nasser Binjawhar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany A. Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Safdar A, Akram W, Khan MA, Alvi MN. Comparison of Pakistani CKD-EPI, new Asian-modified CKD-EPI and revised Lund-Malmö study equations in a South Asian CKD population: a study from a Pakistani CKD cohort. J Nephrol 2024; 37:119-129. [PMID: 37646987 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-023-01749-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Newly proposed estimating glomerular filtration rate equations need to be studied, evaluated and compared for chronic kidney disease staging, diagnosis and medication dosing in South Asians. The objectives of the study were (1) to assess the performance of the CKD-EPIPK, CKD-EPIAsian-Modified, and LMRevised equations in the Pakistani chronic kidney disease population, and (2) to investigate prospective implications on chronic kidney disease classification and end-stage kidney disease prevalence. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis on a chronic kidney disease cohort of 385 participants 18 years of age or above. RESULTS CKD-EPIPK showed the lowest bias (- 1.33 ml/min/1.73 m2), highest precision [IQR, 2.33 (- 2.36, - 0.03)] and enhanced P30 accuracy (89.35%) compared to the CKD-EPIAsian-Modified and LMRevised equations. The mean difference (ml/min/1.73 m2), 95% limit of agreement (ml/min/1.73 m2) of the equations were; CKD-EPIAsian-Modified: - 5.98, - 13.03, LMRevised: - 4.06, - 8.13 and CKD-EPIPK: - 1.18, - 6.14 (P < 0.001). CKD-EPIAsian-Modified and LMRevised showed upward re-classification of the GFR categories compared to the CKD-EPIPK equation except in the G5 category where the highest count (217, 56.36%) was noted for the CKD-EPIPK equation. End-stage kidney disease prevailed in all age groups according to all equations, and the prevalence was high in females in all equations. CONCLUSION CKD-EPIPK showed the best performance, whereas both CKD-EPIAsian-Modified and LMRevised showed poor performance and did not offer a sufficient advantage in chronic kidney disease classification and end-stage kidney disease prevalence estimation over CKD-EPIPK. Hence, CKD-EPIPK seems ideal for South Asians, thus appropriate measures should be taken for its implementation, at least in Pakistani laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Safdar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Avenue 1, Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Waqas Akram
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Avenue 1, Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mahtab Ahmad Khan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Avenue 1, Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Alvi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Avenue 1, Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
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Munir M, Zaman M, Waqar MA, Khan MA, Alvi MN. Solid lipid nanoparticles: a versatile approach for controlled release and targeted drug delivery. J Liposome Res 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37840238 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2023.2268711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN), the first type of lipid-based solid carrier systems in the nanometer range, were introduced as a replacement for liposomes. SLN are aqueous colloidal dispersions with solid biodegradable lipids as their matrix. SLN is produced using processes like solvent diffusion method and high-pressure homogenization, among others. Major benefits include regulated release, increased bioavailability, preservation of peptides and chemically labile compounds like retinol against degradation, cost-effective excipients, better drug integration, and a broad range of applications. Solid lipid nanoparticles can be administered via different routes, such as oral, parenteral, pulmonary, etc. SLN can be prepared by using high shear mixing as well as low shear mixing. The next generation of solid lipids, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), can reduce some of the drawbacks of SLN, such as its restricted capacity for drug loading and drug expulsion during storage. NLC are controlled nanostructured lipid particles that enhance drug loading. This review covers a brief introduction of solid lipid nanoparticles, manufacturing techniques, benefits, limitations, and their characterization tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minahal Munir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaman
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Waqar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahtab Ahmad Khan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Alvi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Khan R, Zaman M, Salawi A, Khan MA, Iqbal MO, Riaz R, Ahmed MM, Butt MH, Alvi MN, Almoshari Y, Alshamrani M. Synthesis of Chemically Cross-Linked pH-Sensitive Hydrogels for the Sustained Delivery of Ezetimibe. Gels 2022; 8:gels8050281. [PMID: 35621579 PMCID: PMC9140580 DOI: 10.3390/gels8050281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, pH-sensitive hydrogels have been developed for the delivery of therapeutic agents to specific target sites that have a defined pH range. The use of pH-responsive polymers in hydrogels allows drug delivery to the desired pH range of the target organ. The primary aim is to increase the retention time of the drug in the small intestine by utilizing the swelling mechanism of the hydrogel at intestinal pH. In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as a polymer to formulate a pH-sensitive hydrogel of Ezetimibe to deliver the drug to the small intestine where it inhibits the absorption of cholesterol. Design Expert software was applied to design and optimize the trial formulations in order to obtain an optimized formulation that has all the desired characteristics of the hydrogels. The PEG/Acrylic Acid hydrogels showed the maximum swelling at pH 6.8, which is consistent with the pH of the small intestine (pH 6–7.4). The maximum entrapment efficiency of the hydrogels was 99%. The hydrogel released 80–90% of the drug within 24 h and followed first-order release kinetics, which showed that the release from the drug was sustained. Hence, the results showed that the choice of a suitable polymer can lead to the development of an efficient drug-loaded hydrogel that can deliver the drug at the specific pH of the target organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahima Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (R.K.); (M.A.K.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Muhammad Zaman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (R.K.); (M.A.K.); (M.N.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (M.H.B.)
| | - Ahmad Salawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (Y.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Mahtab Ahmad Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (R.K.); (M.A.K.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Muhammad Omer Iqbal
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266005, China;
| | - Romana Riaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan 59300, Pakistan;
| | | | - Muhammad Hammad Butt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (R.K.); (M.A.K.); (M.N.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (M.H.B.)
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Alvi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (R.K.); (M.A.K.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Yosif Almoshari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (Y.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Meshal Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (Y.A.); (M.A.)
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Qureshi J, Iqbal FM, Danish Z, Hussain Shah SN, Umar H, Zaman M, Alvi MN, Islam N. Synthesis and characterization of self-assembling chitosan-based nanoparticles. Pak J Pharm Sci 2022; 35:227-231. [PMID: 35228181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan (CHT) based biodegradable nanovectors were synthesized and modified with poly ethylene glycol 4000 (PEG-4000). CHT having medium molecular weight with 75% to 85% deacetylation was phthaloylated with phthalic anhydride, followed by PEGylation using PEG-4000. After confirmation of successful PEGylation by fourier transforminfra red spectroscopy (FTIR), the modified polymer was further processed to develop the nanocarrier using ionic gelation method by the addition of sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP). The prepared nanocarriers were subjected to physicochemical evaluation. The surface morphology of the particles was observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM), and particle size by dynamic light scattering (DLS) method, which was about 159-170nm in diameter. The zeta potential of the prepared nanovectors was +0.907mV which was due to cationic nature of nanovectors. The cell viability studies were also conducted to find the suitability of the carrier for in-vivo application, using liver cancerous cells (Hep G2). The findings have disclosed the concentration dependent activities of the particles, as viability of the cell was shown to be decreased with the increase in the concentration of the particles. Conclusively, the study was successful in determining the toxicity profile of these nanovectors as these were proved non-toxic at specific concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Furqan Muhamad Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Danish
- University College of Pharmacy, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syed Nisar Hussain Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hasaan Umar
- Department of Pharmacy, Hajvery University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Nayyer Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, Pakistan
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Sajid Chughtai FR, Zaman M, Khan AH, Amjad MW, Aman W, Khan SM, Ghafoor Raja MA, Nadeem Alvi M, Afridi M, Hanif M. Formulation and evaluation of sustained release ocular inserts of betaxolol hydrochloride using arabinoxylan from Plantago ovata. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:1069-1074. [PMID: 34602434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the current studies was to develop ocular insert of betaxolol hydrochloride (BXH), using arabinoxylan (AX) as a film former. The inserts were prepared by sandwiching I mg of BXH between two films of AX. Six different formulations of ocular inserts were prepared in such a way that first three formulations contained varying concentrations of AX along with glycerol as plasticizer, whereas, rest of the formulations were added with 0.5mg of sodium alginate, sandwiched between two films of AX along with 1mg of BXH. Chemical compatibilities of the ingredients were assessed by using FTIR. Prepared ocular inserts were subjected to various physicochemical characterizations. The dissolution studies showed that ocular inserts containing sodium alginate with the AX showed sustained release effect better than the formulations with AX alone. Addition of sodium alginate resulted in inhibition of sudden release in initial phase and further sustained the release of drug from ocular inserts. Ocular inserts were pH compatible to the eyes as well as there was no interaction among the drug and excipients, suggesting that the selected excipients were suitable for the development of sustained release ocular inserts of BXH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Zaman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Waqar Aman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Mahmood Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Maryam Afridi
- Kohat University of Science and Technology Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Alvi MN, Ishaque A, Siddiqi FA, Majeed I, Ur Rahman MS, Abbas M, Tahir D. Appraisal of organic extracts and isolated compounds of Azadirachta indica for in-vitro antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:2779-2783. [PMID: 33879437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The current study emphasized on assessment of Antioxidant, Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity of the crude methanolic and chloroform leaves extracts along with their isolated compounds derived from Azadirachta indica. Phytochemical analysis revealed the manifestation of ancillary metabolites like alkaloid, anthraqinones, catechins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, tannins and steroids. Methanolic crude extract of Azadirachta indica leaves revealed comparable antioxidant activity as that of quercetin and propyl gallate. As far as enzyme inhibitory activity was concerned, a significant AChE enzymes inhibition was observed. These findings confirm the traditional use of Azadirachticha indica as medicinal plant in the treatment of mental ailments and anti-inflammatory illnesses. Chloroform crude extract and isolated compounds showed weak antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ambreen Ishaque
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Imtiaz Majeed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Danish Tahir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ishaque A, Khan HM, Alvi MN, Siddiqi FA, Jamshaid M, Ahsan HM, Mehboob T, Tabassam N, Aslam R, Riaz T. Anti myelosuppressant and hematopoietic activities of ethanolic fraction obtained from seeds of Carica papaya L. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:2651-2657. [PMID: 33867343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow suppression is one of the serious consequences of treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin (DOX). It is very difficult to treat bone marrow suppression caused by anti-cancer drugs. This study was aimed to evaluate hematological effects particularly the antimyelosuppressant effects of ethanolic extract of papaya seeds at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg daily dose for three weeks in doxorubicin induced hematopoietic suppression in rat model. Hematological parameters were assessed on weekly basis on days 0, 1, 7, 14 and 21. The alcoholic extract was found to cause remission of induced myelosuppression as indicated by a dose dependent increase in WBCs, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, RBCs, Hb, hematocrit & mean corpuscular volume. However, the maximum dose (600mg/kg) of the extract showed maximum activity (p<0.05) in normalizing hematological parameters when compared with group B (induced group) and group A (controlled animals). These effects were compareable with those produced by Filgrastim 5µgm/kg used as standard or reference drug during these experiments. It is concluded from the results that papaya seeds possess myelostimulant activity and can be used to treat myelosuppression caused by chemotherapy. The drug can also be used for curing anemia, thrombocytopenia and immunological disorders characterized by myelosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambreen Ishaque
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan/Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Majeed Khan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Hafiz Muhammad Ahsan
- Department of Pharmacology, CMH Institute of Medical Sciences, Bahawalpur Cantt, Pakistan
| | - Tooba Mehboob
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naila Tabassam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Aslam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tehseen Riaz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Abbas M, Ansari MT, Alvi MN, Khan MA, Hassan SSU. Insight on the fractionations and structural characterizations of innovative antidiarrheal compounds screened from leaves of Psidium guajava of local origin in Pakistan. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:2323-2329. [PMID: 33832907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous ailments have been effectively treated with natural plants for long time all over the world. Plants provided a back bone for the exploration of novel medicinal compounds. Therefore, chief focus of our study was to isolate the biologically active compounds from the plant source and evaluate their antidiarrheal potentials, as diarrhea is still the most dominant disease in developing countries. The isolation and structure elucidation of two new compounds were identified from methanolic and chloroform extracts of Psidium guajava (guava) leaves. Extracts of plants were acquired by successive maceration from dried powder. Castor oil induced diarrheal-model was used to evaluate the antidiarrheal activity and therapeutic response was endorsed to the suppression of normal and wet stools in Spraug Dawley rats. Through the series of fractionations, compound-A was obtained from methanolic extract and named 3-(4-amino 1,3,8-tri-OH 5,6-di-CH3 7-propyl 1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen 2-yl) propanoic3-(4-NH3 7-butyl 1,3,8-tri-OH 5,6-di-CH3 1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen 2-yl)propanoic anhydride. Compound-B was entitled 5-(3-hydroxy-1,4-di-CH3-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-yl)pent-3-enoic acid was acquired from the chloroform extract. The structure elucidations of both compounds were interpreted through spectroscopic data, including EI-MS, FTIR, 1HNMR and 13C-NMR. The significant antidiarrheal activities were determined with crude extracts and isolated compounds. In inference, present study revealed that substantial antidiarrheal feature of guava is confined to the identified compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Ansari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan/Multan Institute of Health Sciences, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Mohsin Abbas Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahwalpur, Pakistan
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Alvi MN, Ansari MT, Siddiqi FA, Ishaque A, Abbas M, Ul-Hassan S. Hematopoietic effects of Azadirachta indica methanolic extract in cyclophosphamide mediated myelosuppressed albino rat. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:2269-2273. [PMID: 33832900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Myelosuppression or bone marrow suppression is one of the most common side effects caused by anti-cancer drugs. Certain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics and viruses like B19 virus can also cause bone marrow suppression resulting in serious consequences like leukopenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia. Currently, it is mainly treated by Filgrastim, use of which is not without side effects. Certain natural drugs can be a safer alternative to treat myelosuppression. Azadirachta indica, commonly known as Neem, is an important medicinal plant of subcontinent. Keeping in view the traditional uses of Neem, present study aims to investigate its potential role in reversing myelosuppression. Albino rats were used to determine hematopoietic activity of Neem leaves after inducing myelosuppression by cyclophosphamide given subcutaneously. Filgrastim was used as reference standard to compare the antimyelosuppressant activity of the drug. The drug was evaluated in three doses i.e. 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weight, while blood samples were drawn on 0, 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st day. The drug was found to be effective in reversing bone marrow suppression in all three doses based on the hematological parameters (mean WBC, RBC, platelets, Hb, Hct etc.) which improved significantly. The results suggest that the drug can be used as antimyelosuppressant after establishing its safety and identifying its active constituents with their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem Alvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan/ Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Ambreen Ishaque
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ul-Hassan
- Imran Adrees College of Pharmacy, 3Km Daska Road, Sialkot, Pakistan
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Yousaf AM, Qadeer A, Raza SA, Chohan TA, Shahzad Y, Din FU, Khan IU, Hussain T, Alvi MN, Mahmood T. Influence of levodropropizine and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin association on the physicochemical characteristics of levodropropizine loaded in hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin microcontainers: Formulation and in vitro characterization. Polim Med 2019; 49:35-43. [PMID: 31769938 DOI: 10.17219/pim/111887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poorly water-soluble drugs do not dissolve well in aqueous-based gastrointestinal fluid; therefore, they are not well absorbed. Thus, employing a suitable solubility enhancing technique is necessary for such a drug. Drug/HP‑β‑CD complexation is a promising way to improve solubility and dissolution of a poorly water-soluble drug. Levodropropizine was used as a model drug in this study. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this research was to enhance the aqueous solubility and dissolution rate of levodropropizine by employing the inclusion complexation technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS A microparticle formulation was prepared from levodropropizine and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP‑β‑CD) in a 1:1 molar ratio through the spray-drying technique. The host-guest relationship between levodropropizine and HP‑β‑CD was also investigated using the molecular docking computational methodology. The aqueous solubility and dissolution rate of levodropropizine in formulations were assessed and compared with those of the drug alone. X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were applied for the solid-state characterization of the prepared samples. RESULTS According to the research outcomes, the levodropropizine/HP‑β‑CD formulation had enhanced the aqueous solubility (351.12 ±13.26 vs 92.76 ±5.00 mg/mL) and dissolution rate (97.83 ±3.36 vs 3.12 ±1.76% in 10 min) of levodropropizine, compared to the plain drug powder. The levodropropizine/ HP‑β‑CD formulation had converted the crystalline drug into its amorphous counterpart. Furthermore, no covalent interaction was found to exist between levodropropizine and HP‑β‑CD. The spray-dried particles were discrete. Each particle had a shriveled appearance. CONCLUSIONS The levodropropizine/HP‑β‑CD formulation is, therefore, recommended for the more effective administration of levodropropizine through the oral route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Mehmood Yousaf
- Drug Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Alina Qadeer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syed Atif Raza
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Ali Chohan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yasser Shahzad
- Drug Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Ud Din
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Talib Hussain
- Drug Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
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