Influência do consumo alimentar e uso de suplementos no desempenho de paratletas brasileiros

RESUMO Introdução: Atletas de halterofilismo buscam aumentar sua força em relação ao peso corporal utilizando treinamento resistido e a nutrição como ferramentas para melhorar o desempenho. Apesar dos benefícios proporcionados por um adequado planejamento alimentar, muitos atletas utilizam estratégias inadequadas, manifestadas pela piora na composição corporal e no desempenho esportivo. Objetivo: Analisar o consumo energético e proteico e o uso de suplementos alimentares de paratletas a fim de avaliar a influência da estratégia dietética no desempenho. Métodos: Foram coletados dados pessoais, medidas antropométricas, informações referentes ao comportamento alimentar e da competição de 24 paratletas halterofilistas do sexo masculino. Resultados: A quantidade de calorias e as porções de macronutrientes consumidas pela alimentação foram em média 2.235,8 ± 694,92 kcal, 27 ± 11,55% proteínas, 46 ± 8,17% carboidratos e 27 ± 8,57% lipídeos. Dos atletas estudados, 87,5% relataram utilizar suplementos alimentares. Os atletas com maior índice de massa corporal (IMC) apresentaram menor ingestão energética e proteica relativa, maior somatório de dobras cutâneas e desempenho similar a dos demais estudados. Conclusão: A estratégia utilizada pelos atletas de maior massa corporal não propiciou melhoria direta no desempenho e influen-ciou negativamente na composição corporal. Este fato deve-se provavelmente à falta de adequação entre dieta e suplementação.

Ultrasonic and endocrinologic relationships in spontaneous and induced follicular phase

To correlate ovarian growth and follicular size with 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and androstenedione (A) peripheral levels, 20 induced cycles, 6 spontaneous ovulatory cycles and 6 spontaneous anovulatory cycles from 32 women during follicular phase were examined in order to obtain a better insight in the events involved in multiple folliculogenesis. In spontaneous ovulatory cycles, a significant correlation was obtained between E2 plasma levels and volume of the dominant follicle (p less than 0.05) as well as total follicular volume (p less than 0.01). Plasma A was significantly related with sonographic features likely related to ovarian stroma as well as preantral and antral subordinated follicles, which usually fail to ovulate. Significant correlation between E2/A peripheral ratio and volume of the dominant follicle(s) was also found (p less than 0.01). In anovulatory cycles, inverse significant correlation between E2 and sonographic aspects of degenerating antral follicles (p less than 0.001) was found, whereas a positive significant correlation between E2 and ovarian stroma was obtained (p less than 0.001). No correlation between peripheral A and any ovarian sonographic compartment was evident. However in the anovulatory cycles group a significant correlation between A v E2 peripheral levels was found, too. During HMG regimen, all the ovarian compartments seemed to be responsible for E2 peripheral levels. Ovarian stroma as well as preantral and multiple antral follicles were related to A levels. E2/A peripheral ratio did not result to be a good indicator of the large follicles. During "pure" FSH therapy, exclusive correlations between estrogen and large follicles as well as total follicular volume were found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Successful induction of ovulation and conception with combined gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist plus highly purified follicle-stimulating hormone in patients with polycystic ovarian disease

Five women (group A) with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) and sterility for at least 3 yr were treated for 1 cycle for ovulation induction with a combined regimen of GnRH agonist (GnRH-A) plus highly purified FSH. The patients received GnRH-A (Buserelin; 200 micrograms, sc, twice a day) for 6 weeks and then GnRH-A combined with FSH highly purified (2 ampules a day; 75 IU FSH and less than 0.11 IU LH in each ampule). Ovarian response was evaluated by plasma estradiol (E2) assay and ultrasound examination, performed daily. Furthermore, plasma FSH and LH levels were assayed 3 times a week. Once a follicle was considered sufficiently developed, the combined regimen was withheld, and 24-48 h later hCG (5000 IU, im) was given. The results are compared with those of 31 ovulatory cycles induced by im FSH highly purified (group B) in PCOD patients with the same FSH administration, clinical, and monitoring protocols. Ovulation was achieved in all cycles treated by GnRH-A plus FSH. Two singleton and a twin pregnancy resulted. Multiple follicular development occurred in all cycles. Plasma E2 levels were generally in the normal range. Echographic and endocrine features in the 2 groups were as follows. 1) basal ovarian volume and ovarian enlargement were similar. 2) Group A had a greater number of follicles than did group B (P less than 0.01), while E2 to number of follicles and E2 to ovarian volume ratios were greater (P less than 0.01) in group B. 3) The linear correlations between plasma E2 levels and ovarian volume were markedly different in groups A and B (P less than 0.01). The regression line for group B had a steeper slope than that for group A. This finding indicates that at a fixed ovarian volume plasma E2 levels were significantly lower in group A than in group B. We conclude that the combined GnRH-A and FSH regimen may constitute an alternative and promising tool for the induction of ovulation in patients with PCOD.