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Farzia, Rehman S, Ikram M, Khan A, Khan R, Sinnokrot MO, Khan M, AlAsmari AF, Alasmari F, Alharbi M. Synthesis, characterization, Hirshfeld surface analysis, antioxidant and selective β-glucuronidase inhibitory studies of transition metal complexes of hydrazide based Schiff base ligand. Sci Rep 2024; 14:515. [PMID: 38177189 PMCID: PMC10766943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of N'-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene] 2-aminobenzohydrazide (H-AHMB) was performed by condensing O-vanillin with 2-aminobenzohydrazide and was characterized by FTIR, high resolution ESI(+) mass spectral analysis, 1H and 13C-NMR. The compound H-AHMB was crystallized in orthorhombic Pbca space group and studied for single crystal diffraction analysis. Hirshfeld surface analysis was also carried out for identifying short interatomic interactions. The major interactions H…H, O…H and C…H cover the Hirshfeld surface of H-AHMB. The metal complexes [M(AHMB)n] where M = Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) were prepared from metal chlorides and H-AHMB ligand. The bonding was unambigously assigned using FTIR and UV/vis analysis. The synthesized ligand H-AHMB and its metal complexes were studied for β-glucuronidase enzyme inhibition. Surprisingly the metal complexes were found more active than the parent ligand and even the standard drug. Zn-AHMB shown IC50 = 17.3 ± 0.68 µM compared to IC50 = 45.75 ± 2.16 µM shown by D-saccharic acid-1,4-lactone used as standard. The better activity by Zn-AHMB implying zinc based metallodrug for the treatment of diseases associated with β-glucuronidase enzyme. The DPPH radical scavenging activities were also studied for all the synthesized compounds. The Co-AHMB complex with IC50 = 98.2 ± 1.78 µM was the only candidate to scavenge the DPPH free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzia
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Adnan Khan
- School of Physics & the Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rizwan Khan
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Mutasem Omar Sinnokrot
- College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Iraq-Baghdad, Airport Road Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Momin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah F AlAsmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ikram M, Rehman S, Feroz I, Farzia, Khan R, Sinnokrot MO, Subhan F, Naeem M, Schulzke C. Synthesis, spectral, Hirshfeld surface analysis and biological evaluation of a Schiff base copper(II) complex: towards a copper(II) based human anti-glioblastoma agent. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.134960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Ikram M, Rehman S, Khan A, Jadoon A, Sinnokrot MO. Theoretical and structural studies of a stable dinuclear sodium complex of dicoumarol - 3,3′-(pyridin-3-ylmethanediyl)bis(4‑hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one). J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Ikram M, Rehman S, Subhan F, Akhtar MN, Sinnokrot MO. Synthesis, characterization, thermal degradation and urease inhibitory studies of the new hydrazide based Schiff base ligand 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-{[(E)-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one. OPEN CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2017-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe novel Schiff base ligand 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-{[(E)-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one (H-HHAQ) derived from 2-aminobenzhydrazide was synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, ES+-MS, 1H and 13C{1H}-NMR, and IR studies. The characterization of the ligand was further confirmed by single crystal analysis. The Schiff base ligand was complexed with metal ions like Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) to obtain the bis-octahedral complexes. The ligand and its metal complexes were also studied for their urease inhibitory activities. All the tested compounds show medium to moderate activities for the enzyme, whereas the copper based complex was found to be much more active against urease with an IC50= 0.3 ± 0.1 μM±SEM, which is even more potent than the standard thiourea. The IC50 of the cobalt complex was 43.4±1.2 μM±SEM, whereas that of the nickel complex was 294.2±5.0 μM±SEM. The ligand H-HHAQ and the zinc complex were inactive against the tested enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Fazle Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | | | - Mutasem Omar Sinnokrot
- Department of Chemistry, The Petroleum InstituteKhalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 2533United Arab Emirates
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Abstract
Although supramolecular chemistry and noncovalent interactions are playing an increasingly important role in modern chemical research, a detailed understanding of prototype noncovalent interactions remains lacking. In particular, pi-pi interactions, which are ubiquitous in biological systems, are not fully understood in terms of their strength, geometrical dependence, substituent effects, or fundamental physical nature. However, state-of-the-art quantum chemical methods are beginning to provide answers to these questions. Coupled-cluster theory through perturbative triple excitations in conjunction with large basis sets and extrapolations to the complete basis set limit have provided definitive results for the binding energy of several configurations of the benzene dimer, and benchmark-quality ab initio potential curves are being used to calibrate new density functional and force-field models for pi-pi interactions. Studies of substituted benzene dimers indicate flaws in the conventional wisdom about substituent effects in pi-pi interactions. Three-body and four-body interactions in benzene clusters have also been examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutasem Omar Sinnokrot
- Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
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Sinnokrot MO, Sherrill CD. Highly Accurate Coupled Cluster Potential Energy Curves for the Benzene Dimer: Sandwich, T-Shaped, and Parallel-Displaced Configurations. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0469517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 599] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mutasem Omar Sinnokrot
- Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400
| | - C. David Sherrill
- Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400
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Abstract
Sandwich and T-shaped configurations of benzene dimer, benzene-phenol, benzene-toluene, benzene-fluorobenzene, and benzene-benzonitrile are studied by coupled-cluster theory to elucidate how substituents tune pi-pi interactions. All substituted sandwich dimers bind more strongly than benzene dimer, whereas the T-shaped configurations bind more or less favorably depending on the substituent. Symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) indicates that electrostatic, dispersion, induction, and exchange-repulsion contributions are all significant to the overall binding energies, and all but induction are important in determining relative energies. Models of pi-pi interactions based solely on electrostatics, such as the Hunter-Sanders rules, do not seem capable of explaining the energetic ordering of the dimers considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutasem Omar Sinnokrot
- Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutasem Omar Sinnokrot
- Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400
| | - C. David Sherrill
- Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400
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Abstract
State-of-the-art electronic structure methods have been applied to the simplest prototype of aromatic pi-pi interactions, the benzene dimer. By comparison to results with a large aug-cc-pVTZ basis set, we demonstrate that more modest basis sets such as aug-cc-pVDZ are sufficient for geometry optimizations of intermolecular parameters at the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) level. However, basis sets even larger than aug-cc-pVTZ are important for accurate binding energies. The complete basis set MP2 binding energies, estimated by explicitly correlated MP2-R12/A techniques, are significantly larger in magnitude than previous estimates. When corrected for higher-order correlation effects via coupled cluster with singles, doubles, and perturbative triples [CCSD(T)], the binding energies D(e) (D(0)) for the sandwich, T-shaped, and parallel-displaced configurations are found to be 1.8 (2.0), 2.7 (2.4), and 2.8 (2.7) kcal mol(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutasem Omar Sinnokrot
- Center for Computational Molecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA
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Sinnokrot MO, Sherrill CD. Density functional theory predictions of anharmonicity and spectroscopic constants for diatomic molecules. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1386412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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