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Withatanung P, Janesomboon S, Vanaporn M, Muangsombut V, Charoensudjai S, Baker DJ, Wuthiekanun V, Galyov EE, Clokie MRJ, Gundogdu O, Korbsrisate S. Induced Burkholderia prophages detected from the hemoculture: a biomarker for Burkholderia pseudomallei infection. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1361121. [PMID: 38633694 PMCID: PMC11022660 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1361121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages), viruses that infect bacteria, are found in abundance not only in the environment but also in the human body. The use of phages for the diagnosis of melioidosis, a tropical infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is emerging as a promising novel approach, but our understanding of conditions under which Burkholderia prophages can be induced remains limited. Here, we first demonstrated the isolation of Burkholderia phages from the hemocultures of melioidosis patients. The B. pseudomallei-positive hemoculture bottles were filtered to remove bacteria, and then phages were isolated and purified by spot and double agar overlay plaque assays. Forty blood samples (hemoculture-confirmed melioidosis) were tested, and phages were found in 30% of the samples. Transmission electron microscopy and genome analysis of the isolated phages, vB_HM387 and vB_HM795, showed that both phages are Myoviruses. These two phages were stable at a pH of 5-7 and temperatures of 25-37°C, suggesting their ability to survive in human blood. The genome sizes of vB_HM387 and vB_HM795 are 36.3 and 44.0 kb, respectively. A phylogenetic analysis indicated that vB_HM387 has homologs, but vB_HM795 is a novel Myovirus, suggesting the heterogeneity of Burkholderia phages in melioidosis patients. The key finding that Burkholderia phages could be isolated from the blood of melioidosis patients highlights the potential application of phage-based assays by detecting phages in blood as a pathogen-derived biomarker of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patoo Withatanung
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sujintana Janesomboon
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Muthita Vanaporn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Veerachat Muangsombut
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Dave J. Baker
- Science Operations, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Vanaporn Wuthiekanun
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Edouard E. Galyov
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Martha R. J. Clokie
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ozan Gundogdu
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sunee Korbsrisate
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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2
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Meethai C, Vanaporn M, Intarak N, Lerdsittikul V, Withatanung P, Janesomboon S, Vattanaviboon P, Chareonsudjai S, Wilkinson T, Stevens MP, Stevens JM, Korbsrisate S. Analysis of the role of the QseBC two-component sensory system in epinephrine-induced motility and intracellular replication of Burkholderia pseudomallei. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282098. [PMID: 36821630 PMCID: PMC9949665 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes melioidosis, a severe invasive disease of humans. We previously reported that the stress-related catecholamine hormone epinephrine enhances motility of B. pseudomallei, transcription of flagellar genes and the production of flagellin. It has been reported that the QseBC two-component sensory system regulates motility and virulence-associated genes in other Gram-negative bacteria in response to stress-related catecholamines, albeit disparities between studies exist. We constructed and whole-genome sequenced a mutant of B. pseudomallei with a deletion spanning the predicted qseBC homologues (bpsl0806 and bpsl0807). The ΔqseBC mutant exhibited significantly reduced swimming and swarming motility and reduced transcription of fliC. It also exhibited a defect in biofilm formation and net intracellular survival in J774A.1 murine macrophage-like cells. While epinephrine enhanced bacterial motility and fliC transcription, no further reduction in these phenotypes was observed with the ΔqseBC mutant in the presence of epinephrine. Plasmid-mediated expression of qseBC suppressed bacterial growth, complicating attempts to trans-complement mutant phenotypes. Our data support a role for QseBC in motility, biofilm formation and net intracellular survival of B. pseudomallei, but indicate that it is not essential for epinephrine-induced motility per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatruthai Meethai
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Muthita Vanaporn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narin Intarak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Genomics and Precision, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Varintip Lerdsittikul
- Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Diagnostic Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Patoo Withatanung
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sujintana Janesomboon
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Toby Wilkinson
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Mark P. Stevens
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne M. Stevens
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (JMS); (SK)
| | - Sunee Korbsrisate
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail: (JMS); (SK)
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Duangurai T, Rungruengkitkul A, Kong-Ngoen T, Tunyong W, Kosoltanapiwat N, Adisakwattana P, Vanaporn M, Indrawattana N, Pumirat P. Phylogenetic analysis and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from wild and domestic animals at an agricultural land interface area of Salaphra wildlife sanctuary, Thailand. Vet World 2022; 15:2800-2809. [PMID: 36718336 PMCID: PMC9880845 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2800-2809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Domestic and wild animals are important reservoirs for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This study aimed to isolate Escherichia coli from feces of domestic and wild animals at an agricultural land interface area of Salaphra Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand, and study the phylogenic characteristics and antibiotic resistance in these isolates. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional, descriptive study, we randomly collected ground feces from free-ranging wild animals (deer and elephants) and domestic animals (cattle and goats). All fecal samples were inoculated onto MacConkey agar plates, and lactose-fermenting colonies were identified as E. coli. Antibiotic susceptibility of the E. coli isolates was determined using the disc diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction assays were used to detect antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Results We obtained 362 E. coli isolates from the collected fecal samples. The E. coli isolates were categorized into four phylogenetic groups according to the virulence genes (chuA, vjaA, and TspE4C2). Phylogenetic Group D was predominant in the deer (41.67%) and elephants (63.29%), whereas phylogenetic Group B1 was predominant in the cattle (62.31%), and phylogenetic Groups A (36.36%) and B2 (33.33%) were predominant in the goats. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that most antibiotic-resistant E. coli were isolated from domestic goats (96.96%). Among the 362 E. coli isolates, 38 (10.5%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic, 21 (5.8%) were resistant to two antibiotics, and 6 (1.66%) were resistant to three or more antibiotics. Ampicillin (AMP) was the most common antibiotic (48.48%) to which the E. coli were resistant, followed by tetracycline (TET) (45.45%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (3.03%). One isolate from an elephant was resistant to five antibiotics: AMP, amoxicillin, sulfisoxazole, TET, and ciprofloxacin. Determination of antibiotic resistance genes confirmed that E. coli isolates carried antibiotic resistance genes associated with phenotypic resistance to antibiotics. Most antibiotic-resistant E. coli belonged to phylogenic Groups A and B1, and most non-resistant E. coli belonged to phylogenic Groups B2 and D. Conclusion Monitoring E. coli isolates from wild and domestic animals showed that all four phylogenic groups of E. coli have developed antibiotic resistance and are potential sources of multidrug resistance. High levels of antibiotic resistance have been linked to domestic animals. Our results support strengthening surveillance to monitor the emergence and effects of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taksaon Duangurai
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amporn Rungruengkitkul
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thida Kong-Ngoen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Witawat Tunyong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nathamon Kosoltanapiwat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poom Adisakwattana
- Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Muthita Vanaporn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nitaya Indrawattana
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornpan Pumirat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand,Corresponding author: Pornpan Pumirat, e-mail: Co-authors: TD: , AR: , TK: , WT: , NK: , PA: , MV: , NI:
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Ngamprasertchai T, Vanaporn M, Muangnoicharoen S, Pan-ngum W, Ruenroengbun N, Piroonamornpun P, Ponam T, Duangdee C, Chankete P, Jitmuang A, Thamlikitkul V. Mortality in Thai Nursing Homes Based on Antimicrobial-Resistant Enterobacterales Carriage and COVID-19 Lockdown Timing: A Prospective Cohort Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11060762. [PMID: 35740168 PMCID: PMC9219865 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacterales carriage and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown measures may impact the incidence all-cause mortality rate among nursing home residents. To determine the all-cause mortality rate in the presence/absence of antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacterales carriage and the incidence all-cause mortality rate before and during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, this prospective closed-cohort study was conducted at various types of nursing homes in Bangkok, Thailand, from June 2020 to December 2021. The elderly residents included 142 participants (aged ≥60 years) living in nursing homes ≥3 months, who did not have terminal illnesses. Time-to-event analyses with Cox proportional hazards models and stratified log-rank tests were used. The all-cause mortality rate was 18%, and the incidence all-cause mortality rate was 0.59/1000 person-days in residents who had antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacterales carriage at baseline. Meanwhile, the incidence all-cause mortality rate among noncarriage was 0.17/1000 person-days. The mortality incidence rate of carriage was three times higher than residents who were noncarriage without statistical significance (HR 3.2; 95% CI 0.74, 13.83). Residents in nonprofit nursing homes had a higher mortality rate than those in for-profit nursing homes (OR 9.24; 95% CI 2.14, 39.86). The incidence mortality rate during and before lockdown were 0.62 and 0.30, respectively. Effective infection-control policies akin to hospital-based systems should be endorsed in all types of nursing homes. To limit the interruption of long-term chronic care, COVID-19 prevention should be individualized to nursing homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thundon Ngamprasertchai
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Correspondence:
| | - Muthita Vanaporn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (M.V.); (P.C.)
| | - Sant Muangnoicharoen
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Wirichada Pan-ngum
- Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Narisa Ruenroengbun
- Department of Pharmaceutics (Clinical Pharmacy), Faculty of Pharmacy, Slipakorn University, Nakornprathom 73000, Thailand;
| | - Pittaya Piroonamornpun
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (P.P.); (T.P.); (C.D.)
| | - Thitiya Ponam
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (P.P.); (T.P.); (C.D.)
| | - Chatnapa Duangdee
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (P.P.); (T.P.); (C.D.)
| | - Phanita Chankete
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (M.V.); (P.C.)
| | - Anupop Jitmuang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (A.J.); (V.T.)
| | - Visanu Thamlikitkul
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (A.J.); (V.T.)
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5
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Onvimala N, Kosoltanapiwat N, Pumirat P, Vanaporn M, Nimmanitya S, Tacharoenmuang R, Guntapong R, Leaungwutiwong P. Genotyping of non-polio enteroviruses associated with acute flaccid paralysis in Thailand in 2013 and 2014. Virol J 2021; 18:153. [PMID: 34301271 PMCID: PMC8305495 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01621-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance was conducted as part of the World Health Organization’s strategy for completely eradicating poliomyelitis and leaving non-polio enteroviruses NPEVs as one of the main potential causes of AFP. We aimed to detect NPEV in association with AFP. Methods We used 459 isolates reported to be Negative Polio and some NPEVs by the World Health Organization Polio Regional Reference Laboratory (Thailand), which had been obtained during polio surveillance programmes conducted in Thailand in 2013–2014. Of 459 isolates, 35 belonged to the genus Enterovirus by RT-PCR and genotyping by DNA sequencing. Results This study found 17 NPEV genotypes, with 3, 13 and 1 belonging to enterovirus (EV) species A (EV-A), EV-B, and EV-C, respectively. The EV-A types identified included coxsackievirus A2 (CA2), CA4, and EV71, typically associated with hand, foot and mouth diseases. EV-B is the most prevalent cause of AFP in Thailand, while CA21 was the only type of EV-C detected. The EV-B species (13/35; 76.5%) constituted the largest proportion of isolates, followed by EV-A (3/35; 17.6%) and EV-C (1/35; 5.9%). For the EV-B species, Echovirus (E) 30 and CVB were the most frequent isolates. E30, CVB, E14, and E6 were considered endemic strains. Conclusion NPEVs, e.g. CA4, are reported for the first time in Thailand. Despite some limitations to this study, this is the first report on the circulation patterns of NPEVs associated with AFP in Thailand. AFP surveillance has unearthed many unknown NPEVs and, the cases of death due to AFP occur annually. Therefore, it is important to study NPEVs in the wake of the eradication of poliovirus in the context of the continued incidence of paralysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napa Onvimala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, MOPH, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Nathamon Kosoltanapiwat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornpan Pumirat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Muthita Vanaporn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchitra Nimmanitya
- Department of Disease Control, Bureau of General Communicable Diseases, MOPH, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Ratana Tacharoenmuang
- Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, MOPH, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Ratigorn Guntapong
- Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, MOPH, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Pornsawan Leaungwutiwong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Abstract
Trehalose is a disaccharide of two D-glucose molecules linked by a glycosidic linkage, which plays both structural and functional roles in bacteria. Trehalose can be synthesized and degraded by several pathways, and induction of trehalose biosynthesis is typically associated with exposure to abiotic stress. The ability of trehalose to protect against abiotic stress has been exploited to stabilize a range of bacterial vaccines. More recently, there has been interest in the role of this molecule in microbial virulence. There is now evidence that trehalose or trehalose derivatives play important roles in virulence of a diverse range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens of animals or plants. Trehalose and/or trehalose derivatives can play important roles in host colonization and growth in the host, and can modulate the interactions with host defense mechanisms. However, the roles are typically pathogen-specific. These findings suggest that trehalose metabolism may be a target for novel pathogen-specific rather than broad spectrum interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthita Vanaporn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Richard W Titball
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter, UK
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7
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Sawatwong P, Sapchookul P, Whistler T, Gregory CJ, Sangwichian O, Makprasert S, Jorakate P, Srisaengchai P, Thamthitiwat S, Promkong C, Nanvatthanachod P, Vanaporn M, Rhodes J. High Burden of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteremia in Older Adults: A Seven-Year Study in Two Rural Thai Provinces. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 100:943-951. [PMID: 30793684 PMCID: PMC6447101 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Bloodstream infection surveillance conducted from 2008 to 2014 in all 20 hospitals in Sa Kaeo and Nakhon Phanom provinces, Thailand, allowed us to look at disease burden, antibiotic susceptibilities, and recurrent infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Of 97,832 blood specimens, 3,338 were positive for E. coli and 1,086 for K. pneumoniae. The proportion of E. coli isolates producing ESBL significantly increased from 19% to 22% in 2008-2010 to approximately 30% from 2011 to 2014 (P-value for trend = 0.02), whereas ESBL production among K. pneumoniae cases was 27.4% with no significant trend over time. Incidence of community-onset ESBL-producing E. coli increased from 5.4 per 100,000 population in 2008 to 12.8 in 2014, with the highest rates among persons aged ≥ 70 years at 79 cases per 100,000 persons in 2014. From 2008 to 2014, community-onset ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae incidence was 2.7 per 100,000, with a rate of 12.9 among those aged ≥ 70 years. Although most (93.6% of E. coli and 87.6% of K. pneumoniae) infections were community-onset, hospital-onset infections were twice as likely to be ESBL. Population-based surveillance, as described, is vital to accurately monitor emergence and trends in antimicrobial resistance, and in guiding the development of rational antimicrobial therapy recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongpun Sawatwong
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration (TUC), Nonthaburi, Thailand.,Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patranuch Sapchookul
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration (TUC), Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Toni Whistler
- Division of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.,Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration (TUC), Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Christopher J Gregory
- Division of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.,Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration (TUC), Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Ornuma Sangwichian
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration (TUC), Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Makprasert
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration (TUC), Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Possawat Jorakate
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration (TUC), Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Prasong Srisaengchai
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration (TUC), Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Somsak Thamthitiwat
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration (TUC), Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | | | | | - Muthita Vanaporn
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Julia Rhodes
- Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration (TUC), Nonthaburi, Thailand
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8
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Pumirat P, Vanaporn M, Boonyuen U, Indrawattana N, Rungruengkitkun A, Chantratita N. Effects of sodium chloride on heat resistance, oxidative susceptibility, motility, biofilm and plaque formation of Burkholderia pseudomallei. Microbiologyopen 2017. [PMID: 28643413 PMCID: PMC5552950 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei is an environmental saprophyte and the causative agent of melioidosis, a severe infectious disease prevalent in tropical areas, including southeast Asia and northern Australia. In Thailand, the highest incidence of melioidosis is in the northeast region, where saline soil and water are abundant. We hypothesized that B. pseudomallei develops an ability to thrive in saline conditions and gains a selective ecological advantage over other soil-dwelling microorganisms. However, little is known about how an elevated NaCl concentration affects survival and adaptive changes in this pathogen. In this study, we examined the adaptive changes in six isolates of B. pseudomallei after growth in Luria-Bertani medium containing different concentrations of NaCl at 37°C for 6 hr. The bacteria were then investigated for resistance to heat at 50°C and killing by hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). In addition, flagellar production, biofilm formation, and the plaque formation efficiency of B. pseudomallei after culture in saline conditions were observed. In response to exposure to 150 and 300 mmol L-1 NaCl, all B. pseudomallei isolates showed significantly increased thermal tolerance, oxidative resistance, and plaque-forming efficiency. However, NaCl exposure notably decreased the number of B. pseudomallei flagella. Taken together, these results provide insight into the adaptations of B. pseudomallei that might be crucial for survival and persistence in the host and/or endemic environments with high salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornpan Pumirat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Muthita Vanaporn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Usa Boonyuen
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nitaya Indrawattana
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amporn Rungruengkitkun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narisara Chantratita
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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9
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Vanaporn M, Sarkar-Tyson M, Kovacs-Simon A, Ireland PM, Pumirat P, Korbsrisate S, Titball RW, Butt A. Trehalase plays a role in macrophage colonization and virulence of Burkholderia pseudomallei in insect and mammalian hosts. Virulence 2017; 8:30-40. [PMID: 27367830 PMCID: PMC5963195 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1199316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalose is a disaccharide formed from two glucose molecules. This sugar molecule can be isolated from a range of organisms including bacteria, fungi, plants and invertebrates. Trehalose has a variety of functions including a role as an energy storage molecule, a structural component of glycolipids and plays a role in the virulence of some microorganisms. There are many metabolic pathways that control the biosynthesis and degradation of trehalose in different organisms. The enzyme trehalase forms part of a pathway that converts trehalose into glucose. In this study we set out to investigate whether trehalase plays a role in both stress adaptation and virulence of Burkholderia pseudomallei. We show that a trehalase deletion mutant (treA) had increased tolerance to thermal stress and produced less biofilm than the wild type B. pseudomallei K96243 strain. We also show that the ΔtreA mutant has reduced ability to survive in macrophages and that it is attenuated in both Galleria mellonella (wax moth larvae) and a mouse infection model. This is the first report that trehalase is important for bacterial virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthita Vanaporn
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Andrea Kovacs-Simon
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Philip M. Ireland
- CBR Division, Defense Science and Technology Laboratory, Salisbury, UK
| | - Pornpan Pumirat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunee Korbsrisate
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Richard W. Titball
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Aaron Butt
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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10
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Vanaporn M, Wand M, Michell SL, Sarkar-Tyson M, Ireland P, Goldman S, Kewcharoenwong C, Rinchai D, Lertmemongkolchai G, Titball RW. Superoxide dismutase C is required for intracellular survival and virulence of Burkholderia pseudomallei. Microbiology (Reading) 2011; 157:2392-2400. [PMID: 21659326 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.050823-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei is an intracellular pathogen and the causative agent of melioidosis, a life-threatening disease of humans. Within host cells, superoxide is an important mediator of pathogen killing. In this study, we have identified the B. pseudomallei K96243 sodC gene, shown that it has superoxide dismutase activity, and constructed an allelic deletion mutant of this gene. Compared with the wild-type, the mutant was more sensitive to killing by extracellular superoxide, but not to superoxide generated intracellularly. The sodC mutant showed a markedly decreased survival in J774A.1 mouse macrophages, and reduced numbers of bacteria were recovered from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) when compared with the wild-type. The numbers of wild-type or mutant bacteria recovered from human diabetic neutrophils were significantly lower than from normal human neutrophils. The sodC mutant was attenuated in BALB/c mice. Our results indicate that SodC plays a key role in the virulence of B. pseudomallei, but that diabetics are not more susceptible to infection because of a reduced ability of PMNs to kill by superoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthita Vanaporn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Mahidol University, Rajvithi Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Matthew Wand
- Health Protection Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Stephen L Michell
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Mitali Sarkar-Tyson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UK
| | - Philip Ireland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UK
| | - Stan Goldman
- Genetic Chemistry Inc., 200 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94306, USA
| | - Chidchamai Kewcharoenwong
- The Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Darawan Rinchai
- The Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai
- The Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Richard W Titball
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
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11
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Vanaporn M, Vattanaviboon P, Thongboonkerd V, Korbsrisate S. The rpoE operon regulates heat stress response in Burkholderia pseudomallei. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2008; 284:191-6. [PMID: 18507684 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01216.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei is a gram-negative bacterium and the causative agent of melioidosis, one of the important lethal diseases in tropical regions. In this article, we demonstrate the crucial role of the B. pseudomallei rpoE locus in the response to heat stress. The rpoE operon knockout mutant exhibited growth retardation and reduced survival when exposed to a high temperature. Expression analysis using rpoH promoter-lacZ fusion revealed that heat stress induction of rpoH, which encodes heat shock sigma factor (sigma(H)), was abolished in the B. pseudomallei rpoE mutant. Analysis of the rpoH promoter region revealed sequences sharing high homology to the consensus sequence of sigma(E)-dependent promoters. Moreover, the putative heat-induced sigma(H)-regulated heat shock proteins (i.e. GroEL and HtpG) were also absent in the rpoE operon mutant. Altogether, our data suggest that the rpoE operon regulates B. pseudomallei heat stress response through the function of rpoH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthita Vanaporn
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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12
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Thongboonkerd V, Vanaporn M, Songtawee N, Kanlaya R, Sinchaikul S, Chen ST, Easton A, Chu K, Bancroft GJ, Korbsrisate S. Altered Proteome in Burkholderia pseudomallei rpoE Operon Knockout Mutant: Insights into Mechanisms of rpoE Operon in Stress Tolerance, Survival, and Virulence. J Proteome Res 2007; 6:1334-41. [PMID: 17346071 DOI: 10.1021/pr060457t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that the alternative sigma factor sigmaE (RpoE), encoded by rpoE, is involved in stress tolerance and survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei. However, its molecular and pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we applied gel-based, differential proteomics to compare the cellular proteome of an rpoE operon knockout mutant (RpoE Mut) to that of wild-type (K96243 WT) B. pseudomallei. Quantitative intensity analysis (n = 5 gels from 5 individual culture flasks in each group) revealed significantly differential expression of 52 proteins, which were subsequently identified by Q-TOF MS/MS. These included oxidative, osmotic, and other stress response proteins; chaperones; transcriptional/translational regulators; metabolic enzymes; proteins involved in cell wall synthesis, fatty synthesis, glycogen synthesis, and storage; exported proteins; secreted proteins; adhesion molecule; protease/peptidase; protease inhibitor; signaling proteins; and other miscellaneous proteins. The down-regulation of several stress response proteins, chaperones, transcriptional/translational regulators, and proteins involved in cell wall synthesis in RpoE Mut provided some new insights into the mechanisms of the rpoE operon for the stress tolerance and survival of B. pseudomallei. In addition, the proteomic data and in vivo study indicated that the rpoE operon is also involved in the virulence of B. pseudomallei. Our findings underscore the usefulness of proteomics for unraveling pathogenic mechanisms of diseases at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Molecular Biology Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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13
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Korbsrisate S, Vanaporn M, Kerdsuk P, Kespichayawattana W, Vattanaviboon P, Kiatpapan P, Lertmemongkolchai G. The Burkholderia pseudomallei RpoE (AlgU) operon is involved in environmental stress tolerance and biofilm formation. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2005; 252:243-9. [PMID: 16185818 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsle.2005.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2005] [Revised: 08/08/2005] [Accepted: 09/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, can be isolated from soil and water. To persist, adapt and survive within and outside their human host, bacteria rely on regulatory mechanisms that allow them to respond rapidly to stressful situations. We have examined the possible role of B. pseudomallei alternative sigma factor sigma(E) (RpoE) in the stress response and found that rpoE and its putative regulators (bprE-rseB-mucD) are transcribed in a single transcriptional unit. Inactivation of the rpoE operon changed the B. pseudomallei phenotype. Changes included increased susceptibility to killing by menadione and H(2)O(2), susceptibility to high osmolarity, reduced ability to form biofilms, and reduced survival in macrophage J774A.1. Therefore, we conclude that rpoE controls gene expression that contributes, at least in part, to B. pseudomallei adaptation to adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunee Korbsrisate
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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