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Pasquali S, Arrighetti N, Zuco V, Tortoreto M, Soffientini C, Sigalotti L, Maestro R, Percio S, Barisella M, Collini P, Dagrada G, Frezza A, Gronchi A, Stacchiotti S, Zaffaroni N. Tazemetostat and doxorubicin in patient-derived preclinical models of epithelioid sarcoma (ES). Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)00984-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gioscio E, Rancati T, De Cecco L, Barbara A, Noris Chiorda B, Badenchini F, Giandini T, Cicchetti A, Zaffaroni N, Doldi V, Mancinelli E, Serafini M, Devecchi A, Andreoli L, Orlandi E, Valdagni R. PD-0161 Single-patient microbiota & inflammation profiles modulate dose-response curves for acute toxicity. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02766-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Iacovelli N, Rancati T, Ingargiola R, Alfieri S, De Cecco L, Badenchini F, Cavallo A, Cicchetti A, Zaffaroni N, Doldi V, Mancinelli E, Serafini M, Devecchi A, Valdagni R, Orlandi E. MO-0381 Saliva microbiota and inflammation markers predict acute toxicity after RT for head-and-neck cancer. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Stacchiotti S, Miah AB, Frezza AM, Messiou C, Morosi C, Caraceni A, Antonescu CR, Bajpai J, Baldini E, Bauer S, Biagini R, Bielack S, Blay JY, Bonvalot S, Boukovinas I, Bovee JVMG, Boye K, Brodowicz T, Callegaro D, De Alava E, Deoras-Sutliff M, Dufresne A, Eriksson M, Errani C, Fedenko A, Ferraresi V, Ferrari A, Fletcher CDM, Garcia Del Muro X, Gelderblom H, Gladdy RA, Gouin F, Grignani G, Gutkovich J, Haas R, Hindi N, Hohenberger P, Huang P, Joensuu H, Jones RL, Jungels C, Kasper B, Kawai A, Le Cesne A, Le Grange F, Leithner A, Leonard H, Lopez Pousa A, Martin Broto J, Merimsky O, Merriam P, Miceli R, Mir O, Molinari M, Montemurro M, Oldani G, Palmerini E, Pantaleo MA, Patel S, Piperno-Neumann S, Raut CP, Ravi V, Razak ARA, Reichardt P, Rubin BP, Rutkowski P, Safwat AA, Sangalli C, Sapisochin G, Sbaraglia M, Scheipl S, Schöffski P, Strauss D, Strauss SJ, Sundby Hall K, Tap WD, Trama A, Tweddle A, van der Graaf WTA, Van De Sande MAJ, Van Houdt W, van Oortmerssen G, Wagner AJ, Wartenberg M, Wood J, Zaffaroni N, Zimmermann C, Casali PG, Dei Tos AP, Gronchi A. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, an ultra-rare cancer: a consensus paper from the community of experts. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100170. [PMID: 34090171 PMCID: PMC8182432 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is an ultra-rare, translocated, vascular sarcoma. EHE clinical behavior is variable, ranging from that of a low-grade malignancy to that of a high-grade sarcoma and it is marked by a high propensity for systemic involvement. No active systemic agents are currently approved specifically for EHE, which is typically refractory to the antitumor drugs used in sarcomas. The degree of uncertainty in selecting the most appropriate therapy for EHE patients and the lack of guidelines on the clinical management of the disease make the adoption of new treatments inconsistent across the world, resulting in suboptimal outcomes for many EHE patients. To address the shortcoming, a global consensus meeting was organized in December 2020 under the umbrella of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) involving >80 experts from several disciplines from Europe, North America and Asia, together with a patient representative from the EHE Group, a global, disease-specific patient advocacy group, and Sarcoma Patient EuroNet (SPAEN). The meeting was aimed at defining, by consensus, evidence-based best practices for the optimal approach to primary and metastatic EHE. The consensus achieved during that meeting is the subject of the present publication. This consensus paper provides key recommendations on the management of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE). Recommendations followed a consensus meeting between experts and a representative of the EHE advocacy group and SPAEN. Authorship includes a multidisciplinary group of experts from different institutions from Europe, North America and Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stacchiotti
- Adult Mesenchymal Tumor and Rare Cancer Unit, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | - A B Miah
- The Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - A M Frezza
- Adult Mesenchymal Tumor and Rare Cancer Unit, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - C Messiou
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - C Morosi
- Radiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A Caraceni
- Palliative Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - C R Antonescu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - J Bajpai
- Medical Oncology Department, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - E Baldini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Center/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - S Bauer
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, Sarcoma Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - R Biagini
- Orthopaedic Department, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - S Bielack
- Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Y Blay
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Unicancer, Lyon, France
| | - S Bonvalot
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Curie, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Paris, France
| | | | - J V M G Bovee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - K Boye
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - T Brodowicz
- Medical University Vienna & General Hospital Department of Internal Medicine 1/Oncology, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Callegaro
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - E De Alava
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain; Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - A Dufresne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Unicancer, Lyon, France
| | - M Eriksson
- Department of Oncology, Skane University Hospital and Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - C Errani
- Orthopaedic Service, Musculoskeletal Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Fedenko
- Medical Oncology Division, P.A. Herzen Cancer Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - V Ferraresi
- Sarcomas and Rare Tumors Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - A Ferrari
- Paediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - C D M Fletcher
- Department of Pathology Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - X Garcia Del Muro
- University of Barcelona and Genitourinary Cancer and Sarcoma Unit Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R A Gladdy
- University of Toronto and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - F Gouin
- Department of Surgery, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
| | - G Grignani
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - J Gutkovich
- The EHE Foundation, Wisconsin, USA; NUY Langone Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - R Haas
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiotherapy, the Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - N Hindi
- Group of Advanced Therapies and Biomarkers in Sarcoma, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS, HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Seville, Spain
| | - P Hohenberger
- Division of Surgical Oncology & Thoracic Surgery, Mannheim University Medical Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - H Joensuu
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital & Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R L Jones
- Department of Cancer, The Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - C Jungels
- Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Kasper
- University of Heidelberg, Mannheim University Medical Center, Sarcoma Unit, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A Kawai
- Musculoskeletal Oncology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rare Cancer Center National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Le Cesne
- International Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - F Le Grange
- UCLH - University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Leithner
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - H Leonard
- Chair of Trustees of the EHE Rare Cancer Charity (UK), Charity number 1162472
| | - A Lopez Pousa
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Martin Broto
- Hospital Universitario Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - O Merimsky
- Unit of Soft Tissue and Bone Oncology, Division of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated with Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - P Merriam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - R Miceli
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organisation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - O Mir
- Sarcoma Group, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - M Molinari
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Thomas Starzl Transplant Institute, Pittsburgh, USA
| | | | - G Oldani
- Division of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Palmerini
- Chemotherapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - M A Pantaleo
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Patel
- Sarcoma Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | | | - C P Raut
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA; Center for Sarcoma and Bone Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Dana Farber Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - V Ravi
- Sarcoma Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - A R A Razak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Sinai Healthcare System & Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - P Reichardt
- Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Department of Oncology and Palliative Care, Berlin, Germany
| | - B P Rubin
- Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - P Rutkowski
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A A Safwat
- Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - C Sangalli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G Sapisochin
- Multi-Organ Transplant and HPB Surgical Oncology, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - M Sbaraglia
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Università Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - S Scheipl
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - D Strauss
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - S J Strauss
- University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Sundby Hall
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - W D Tap
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - A Trama
- Department of Research, Evaluative Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A Tweddle
- Palliative Care, The Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research London
| | - W T A van der Graaf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M A J Van De Sande
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Unit, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - W Van Houdt
- Sarcoma and Melanoma Unit, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G van Oortmerssen
- Co-Chair of Sarcoma Patients EuroNet (SPAEN), Woelfersheim, Germany & Chairman of the Dutch organisation for sarcoma patients (Patiëntenplatform Sarcomen), Guest researcher at Leiden University (Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A J Wagner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - M Wartenberg
- Chair of the Board of Directors of Sarcoma Patients EuroNet (SPAEN), Sarcoma Patients EuroNet (SPAEN), Woelfersheim, Germany
| | - J Wood
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - N Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - C Zimmermann
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Division of Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - P G Casali
- Adult Mesenchymal Tumor and Rare Cancer Unit, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A P Dei Tos
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Università Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A Gronchi
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Frezza AM, Napolitano A, Miceli R, Badalamenti G, Brunello A, Buonomenna C, Casali PG, Caraceni A, Grignani G, Gronchi A, Infante G, Morosi C, Saita L, Simeone N, Zaffaroni N, Vincenzi B, Stacchiotti S. Clinical prognostic factors in advanced epithelioid haemangioendothelioma: a retrospective case series analysis within the Italian Rare Cancers Network. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100083. [PMID: 33714008 PMCID: PMC7957151 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This multicentric, retrospective study conducted within the Italian Rare Cancer Network describes clinical features and explores their possible prognostic relevance in patients with advanced epithelioid haemangioendothelioma (EHE) started on surveillance. Patients and methods We collected data on adult patients with molecularly confirmed, advanced EHE consecutively referred at five sarcoma reference centres between January 2010 and June 2018, with no evidence of progressive disease (PD) and started on surveillance. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) univariable and multivariable Cox analyses were performed. In the latter, due to the low number of cases and events, penalized likelihood was applied, and variable selection was performed using a random forest model. Results Sixty-seven patients were included. With a median follow-up of 50.2 months, 51 (76%) patients developed PD and 16 (24%) remained stable. PD at treatment start did not meet RECIST version 1.1 in 15/51 (29%) patients. The 3-year PFS and OS were 25.4% and 71.1%, respectively, in the whole population. Tumour-related pain (TRP) was the most common baseline symptom (32.8%), followed by temperature (20.9%), fatigue (17.9%), and weight loss (16.4%). Baseline TRP (P = 0.0002), development of TRP during follow-up (P = 0.005), baseline temperature (P = 0.002), and development of fatigue during follow-up (P = 0.007) were associated with a significantly worst PFS. An association between baseline TRP (P < 0.0001), development of TRP during follow-up (P = 0.0009), evidence of baseline serosal effusion (P = 0.121), and OS was recorded. Conclusion Because of the poor outcome observed in EHE patients presenting with serosal effusion, TRP, temperature, or serosal effusion, upfront treatment in this subgroup could be considered. Prognosis prediction in advanced EHE at presentation remains a challenge. This study explores the prognostic value of clinical and radiological features in advanced EHE patients on surveillance. Given their prognostic impact, symptoms and serosal effusion in EHE patients on surveillance should be regularly checked. In advanced EHE patients presenting with pain, temperature, or serosal effusion, upfront treatment could be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Frezza
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | - A Napolitano
- Medical Oncology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - R Miceli
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organisation, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G Badalamenti
- Medical Oncology, Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | - A Brunello
- Department of Oncology, Medical Oncology Unit 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - C Buonomenna
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Foundation National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - P G Casali
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Caraceni
- Palliative Care, Pain Therapy and Rehabilitation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G Grignani
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - A Gronchi
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G Infante
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organisation, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - C Morosi
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Foundation National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - L Saita
- Palliative Care, Pain Therapy and Rehabilitation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - N Simeone
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - N Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - B Vincenzi
- Medical Oncology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - S Stacchiotti
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Cavallo A, Iacovelli N, Rancati T, Facchinetti N, Di Florio T, Doldi V, Campi E, Zaffaroni N, Giandini T, Ferella L, Romanello D, Delle Curti C, Bossi P, Pignoli E, Fallai C, Valdagni R, Orlandi E. EP-1190 Preliminary evaluation of salivary cytokines in patients treated with IMRT for head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Stacchiotti S, Simeone N, Lo Vullo S, Morosi C, Greco FG, Gronchi A, Barisella M, Collini P, Zaffaroni N, Dagrada GP, Frezza AM, Mariani L, Casali PG. Activity of axitinib in progressive advanced solitary fibrous tumour: Results from an exploratory, investigator-driven phase 2 clinical study. Eur J Cancer 2018; 106:225-233. [PMID: 30528807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the activity of axitinib in advanced solitary fibrous tumour (SFT). PATIENTS AND METHODS In this investigator-driven phase II study on axitinib in advanced and progressive SFT, patients received axitinib, 5 mg bis in day (BID), until progression or limiting toxicity. Pathologic diagnosis was centrally reviewed, distinguishing malignant SFT (M-SFT) and high-grade/dedifferentiated SFT (HG/D-SFT) subtypes. The primary end-point was the overall response rate (ORR) by Choi criteria (Choi). Secondary end-points were response by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS From April 2015 and October 2017, 17 eligible patients entered the study (metastatic: 17; SFT subtype: 13 M-SFT, 4 HG/D-SFT; prior treatment: 9 antiangiogenics, 5 cytotoxics). All patients were evaluable for response. The best Choi response was seven partial response (PR) (ORR, 41.2%), six stable disease (SD) and four progressions. Choi-ORR was 54% (7/13) when only M-SFTs were considered. Four of seven responsive patients were pretreated with pazopanib. No responses were detected in HG/D-SFT. Best RECIST response was one PR (5.9%), 14 SD and two progressions. Toxicity was as expected. Median Choi-PFS was 5.1 (interquartile range [IQR]: 2.5-14.8) months. Median Choi-PFS was 14.8 (IQR: 5.1-18.0) and 2.8 (IQR: 2.0-5.9) months for patients responsive and non-responsive by Choi, respectively (p = 0.0416). At a 14.4-month median follow-up, median OS was 25.3 months. CONCLUSION This study showed that axitinib is active in progressive advanced SFT. One-half of patients carrying the malignant variant of the disease responded, with a >12-month median progression arrest. Responses were better detected with Choi and seen even in patients resistant to other antiangiogenics. Tolerability was good.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stacchiotti
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazione dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | - N Simeone
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - S Lo Vullo
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organization, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - C Morosi
- Radiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazione dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - F G Greco
- Radiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazione dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A Gronchi
- Sarcoma Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M Barisella
- Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - P Collini
- Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - N Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G P Dagrada
- Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A M Frezza
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazione dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - L Mariani
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organization, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - P G Casali
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazione dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Medical Oncology and Hemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
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Zaffaroni N, Silvestrini R, Sanfilippo O, Daidone MG, Bolis G, Seminara P. Drug Sensitivity of Different Tumor Lesions from the Same Patient Evaluated by a Short-Term Assay. Tumori 2018; 74:137-44. [PMID: 3368967 DOI: 10.1177/030089168807400203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A short-term antimetabolic assay, which considers the interference with [3H]thymidine incorporation as an indicator of drug effect, has been used to comparatively assess the chemosensitivity of different tumor lesions from the same patient. The analysis was performed on primary tumors and their synchronous metastases from 67 patients with breast, ovarian, gastrointestinal and germ cell testicular tumors. A remarkable difference in sensitivity to cytostatic drugs was observed between the two lesions. In contrast, a strong association in chemosensitivity (81.7% agreement rate; p < 0.01) was observed between two synchronous metastases from 17 patients with breast, ovarian, germ cell testicular tumors or malignant melanoma. In addition, the predictive relevance of the antimetabolic assay on clinical response to chemotherapy was analyzed in relation to the type of tumor lesion tested in vitro in a retrospective correlative study on 57 patients with advanced ovarian and germ cell testicular tumors. The objective clinical response was significantly correlated to the in vitro sensitivity of metastases (83.7% agreement rate; p < 0.01), but not to that of the primary tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zaffaroni
- Divisione di Oncologia Sperimentale C, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan
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Zaffaroni N, Silvestrini R, Sanfilippo O, Daidone MG, Gasparini G. In Vitro Activity of Alkylating Agents on Human Tumors as Measured by a Short-term Antimetabolic Assay. Tumori 2018; 71:555-61. [PMID: 4082288 DOI: 10.1177/030089168507100607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The activity of some alkylating agents widely used in clinical practice was studied by an in vitro antimetabolic assay, which evaluates the interference of drugs on the incorporation of 3H-thymidine and 3H-uridine in short-term cultures of human tumors. The effect of CCNU, chlorambucil, cisplatin, melphalan, prednimustine, procarbazine and the pro-active derivatives of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide, 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide and 4-hydroperoxyifosfamide, was tested on non-Hodgkin lymphomas, germ cell testicular tumors, breast and ovarian cancers. Similar effects were generally produced by the drugs on both DNA and RNA precursor incorporation, and the in vitro response rates were similar to those clinically obtained for the same tumor types by using the same drugs in monochemotherapy. The effects of different alkylating agents on the individual tumors were not significantly associated, except for the analogues 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide and 4-hydroperoxyifosfamide, for which a significant agreement rate was observed. No evidence of acquired resistance to 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide and cisplatin after clinical treatment with the same drug was found in samples from ovarian cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, but there was a definite trend in germ cell testicular tumors to lower sensitivity to cisplatin in previously treated patients.
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Antoniotti C, Marmorino F, Pennati M, Zaffaroni N, Rossini D, Borelli B, Zucchelli G, Moretto R, Pietrantonio F, Masi G, Vannini F, Colombo C, Saettini A, Gini S, Delliponti L, Pfanner E, Brunetti I, Falcone A, Cremolini C. Circulating angiogenesis-related markers as predictors of benefit from regorafenib in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients (pts). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx422.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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11
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Necchi A, Lo Vullo S, Giannatempo P, Raggi D, Calareso G, Togliardi E, Crippa F, Pennati M, Zaffaroni N, Perrone F, Busico A, Colecchia M, Nicolai N, Mariani L, Salvioni R. Pazopanib in advanced germ cell tumors after chemotherapy failure: results of the open-label, single-arm, phase 2 Pazotest trial. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:1346-1351. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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12
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Necchi A, Lo Vullo S, Giannatempo P, Raggi D, Calareso G, Togliardi E, Crippa F, Pennati M, Zaffaroni N, Perrone F, Colecchia M, Nicolai N, Mariani L, Salvioni R. Pazopanib (PZP) in germ cell tumors (GCT) after chemotherapy (CT) failure: Final results of the open label, single-group, phase 2 Pazotest trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(17)31146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Corno C, Gatti L, Carenini N, Zaffaroni N, Lanzi C, Perego P. Targeting ErbB3 activation in drug-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells over-expressing the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)32804-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Proto C, Ganzinelli M, Botta L, Tiseo M, Pasello G, Fabbri A, Lo Russo G, Trama A, Imbimbo M, Vitali M, Macerelli M, Zilembo N, Gallucci R, Brissa A, Platania M, Zaffaroni N, Serafini M, De Braud F, Garassino M, Signorelli D. SMO mutations role in malignant pleural mesothelioma: a negative prognostic factor, but possible new target? Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw332.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Bianchi A, Arosio D, Perego P, De Cesare M, Carenini N, Zaffaroni N, De Matteo M, Manzoni L. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel dimeric and tetrameric cRGD-paclitaxel conjugates for integrin-assisted drug delivery. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:7530-41. [PMID: 26074454 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00497g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are associated with tumour cell survival and progression, and their expression has been shown to be increased in tumours. Thus, four novel conjugates of the tripeptide integrin ligand Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and the cytotoxic agent paclitaxel (cRGD-PTX) were prepared to investigate the potential of the multivalent presentation of the RGD moiety in improving the antitumor efficacy of PTX by tumour targeting. PTX was conjugated to two or four integrin recognizing ligands. The influence of multivalent presentation on in vitro αvβ3-receptor affinity was confirmed. For all the conjugates compared to the previously synthesized monovalent counterparts, an enhancement of the binding strength was observed; this behaviour was more pronounced when considering the tetravalent presented RGD-conjugate. Cell growth inhibition assays on a panel of human tumour cell lines showed remarkable cytotoxic activity for all conjugates with IC50 values in a nanomolar range. Among the four conjugates, the bivalent derivative 3b was selected for in vivo studies in an ovarian carcinoma cell model xenografted in immunodeficient mice. A marked antitumor activity was observed, similar to that of PTX, but with a much more favourable toxicity profile. Overall, the novel cRGD-PTX conjugates disclosed here represent promising candidates for further advancement in the domain of targeted anti-tumour therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bianchi
- Centro Interdipartimentale Studi Biomolecolari e Applicazioni Industriali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Fantoli 16/15, I-20138 Milano, Italy
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16
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El Bezawy R, Cominetti D, Gandellini P, Valdagni R, Zaffaroni N. OC-0131: miR-875-5p enhances radiation response of prostate cancer cells via EGFR suppression. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)31380-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Carbone A, Pennati M, Barraja P, Montalbano A, Parrino B, Spanò V, Lopergolo A, Sbarra S, Doldi V, Zaffaroni N, Cirrincione G, Diana P. Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of substituted 3[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)- 1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridines, marine alkaloid nortopsentin analogues. Curr Med Chem 2014; 21:1654-66. [PMID: 24180279 DOI: 10.2174/09298673113206660307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A large number of indolyl-4-azaindolyl thiazoles, nortopsentin analogues, were conveniently synthesized. The antiproliferative activity of the new derivatives was examined against four human tumor cell lines with different histologic origin. Seven derivatives consistently reduced the growth of the experimental models independently of TP53 gene status and exhibited the highest activity against the malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (STO) cell line. The most active compound of this series acts as a CDK1 inhibitor, and was found to cause cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, to induce apoptosis by preventing the phosphorylation of survivin in Thr(34) and to increase the cytotoxic activity of paclitaxel in STO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - P Diana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, STEBICEF, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
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18
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Stacchiotti S, Tortoreto M, Baldi GG, Grignani G, Toss A, Badalamenti G, Cominetti D, Morosi C, Dei Tos AP, Festinese F, Fumagalli E, Provenzano S, Gronchi A, Pennacchioli E, Negri T, Dagrada GP, Spagnuolo RD, Pilotti S, Casali PG, Zaffaroni N. Preclinical and clinical evidence of activity of pazopanib in solitary fibrous tumour. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:3021-8. [PMID: 25269954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the activity of pazopanib in solitary fibrous tumour (SFT). PATIENTS AND METHODS In a preclinical study, we compared the activity of pazopanib, sorafenib, sunitinib, regorafenib, axitinib and bevacizumab in a dedifferentiated-SFT (DSFT) xenotransplanted into Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Antiangiogenics were administered at their reported optimal doses when mean tumour volume (TV) was 80 mm(3). Drug activity was assessed as TV inhibition percentage (TVI%). From May 2012, six consecutive patients with advanced SFT received pazopanib, on a national name-based programme. In one case sunitinib was administered after pazopanib failure. RESULTS In the xenograft model, pazopanib showed the lowest antitumour activity (21%TVI), while regorafenib was the most active (95%TVI). Sorafenib, bevacizumab, sunitinib were markedly active (78/70/65%TVI). Axitinib was marginally active (51%TVI). In the retrospective case-series, three patients carried malignant-SFT (MSFT), three DSFT. Best Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumour (RECIST) responses were: three stable disease (SD), all MSFT, three progressive disease (PD), all DSFT, corresponding to one partial response (PR), two SD, three PD by Choi criteria. Median-progression-free survival was 3 months (range 1-15). In one patient, sunitinib was started after pazopanib failure, with a response. CONCLUSIONS In dedifferentiated-SFT xenograft pazopanib induced a marginal antitumour activity, while regorafenib appeared the most active and promising agent. When administered in patients, pazopanib showed a modest activity in terms of tumour growth stabilisation, observed only in non-dedifferentiated cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stacchiotti
- Adult Mesenchymal Tumor Medical Oncology Unit, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | - M Tortoreto
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G G Baldi
- Medical Oncology Unit 'Sandro Pitigliani', S. Stefano Civil Hospital, Prato, Italy
| | - G Grignani
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto di Candiolo, Candiolo, Italy
| | - A Toss
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Respiratory Diseases, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - G Badalamenti
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - D Cominetti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - C Morosi
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A P Dei Tos
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, General Hospital of Treviso, Treviso, Italy
| | - F Festinese
- Pharmacy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - E Fumagalli
- Adult Mesenchymal Tumor Medical Oncology Unit, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - S Provenzano
- Adult Mesenchymal Tumor Medical Oncology Unit, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A Gronchi
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - E Pennacchioli
- Melanoma and Sarcoma, Surgery Department, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - T Negri
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G P Dagrada
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - R D Spagnuolo
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - S Pilotti
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - P G Casali
- Adult Mesenchymal Tumor Medical Oncology Unit, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - N Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Necchi A, Giannatempo P, Mariani L, Farè E, Raggi D, Pennati M, Zaffaroni N, Crippa F, Marchianò A, Nicolai N, Maffezzini M, Togliardi E, Daidone MG, Gianni AM, Salvioni R, De Braud F. PF-03446962, a fully-human monoclonal antibody against transforming growth-factor β (TGFβ) receptor ALK1, in pre-treated patients with urothelial cancer: an open label, single-group, phase 2 trial. Invest New Drugs 2014; 32:555-60. [PMID: 24566706 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-014-0074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Despite a compelling preclinical rationale for the use of anti-angiogenic drugs in urothelial cancer (UC), short-living responses have been observed in clinical trials. PF-03446962 is a novel monoclonal antibody against Activin Receptor-Like Kinase-1 (ALK1), a type I subclass of the TGFβ receptor, with dose-dependent anti-angiogenic activity. An open label, single-group, phase 2 trial of PF-03446962 was conducted in salvage setting. Patients failing at least one chemotherapy regimen were eligible. Design provided PF-03446962 10 mg/Kg intravenously fortnightly until disease progression (PD) or unacceptable toxicity. Two-month progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary endpoint. The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01620970. Fourteen patients were enrolled from October 2012 to July 2013. Median age was 64 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 58.2-69.5), 9 patients had a Bellmunt score of 1-2, median number of prior drugs was 3. One stable disease and 13 PD were recorded and the study met the futility stopping rule of interim analysis. Median PFS was 1.8 months (95 %CI, 1.4-2.0). After a median follow up of 7.4 months (IQR 4.5-10.9), 8 patients are alive. Median overall survival (OS) was 8 months (95 %CI, 2.9-not estimable). Most common toxicities were thrombocytopenia (G1-2 in 5 cases, persistent G3 in one, with 3 dose delays and 1 dose interruption), fatigue and abdominal pain (G1-2 in 4 cases each). Impairment of quality of life (ESAS score) was observed as well as an increase from baseline to +2 month median levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-8. PF-03446962 had no activity as single drug in refractory UC and we do not recommend further investigation outside of the combination with agents targeting the VEGF receptor axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Necchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy,
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20
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De Santis M, Lozza L, Rancati T, Carrara M, Pariani C, Giandini T, Pignoli E, Chiruzzi C, Zaffaroni N, Valdagni R. PO-0698: Clinical predictors of acute skin erythema in patients undergoing breast irradiation. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)30816-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Zaffaroni N. SP-0594: microRNAs and tumour radiation response. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)30700-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Gatti L, Cossa G, Tinelli S, Carenini N, Arrighetti N, Pennati M, Cominetti D, De Cesare M, Zunino F, Zaffaroni N, Perego P. Improved Apoptotic Cell Death in Drug-Resistant Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Tumor Necrosis Factor–Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand–Based Treatment. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 348:360-71. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.210054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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23
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Pignoli E, Lozza L, De Santis M, Carrara M, Giandini T, Rancati T, Zaffaroni N, Valdagni R. Spectrophotometric Evaluation of Skin Erythema in Patients Undergoing Breast Irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.1829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Beretta GL, Zuco V, De Cesare M, Perego P, Zaffaroni N. Namitecan: a hydrophilic camptothecin with a promising preclinical profile. Curr Med Chem 2013; 19:3488-501. [PMID: 22680917 DOI: 10.2174/092986712801323252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Camptothecins are still among the most widely prescribed and effective anticancer drugs. Unfortunately, important drawbacks including water insolubility, lactone instability, reversibility of the drug-target interaction, drug resistance and toxicity are responsible for treatment failure and often require suspension of the drug administration itself. In order to overcome such drawbacks, several options in chemical manipulation of natural camptothecin have been explored, and effective compounds have been identified in a novel series of 7-oxyiminomethyl derivatives. Among the compounds of this series, the hydrophilic derivative namitecan (7 (2-aminoethoxy) iminomethyl camptothecin) has been selected for further development. The relevant features of namitecan are: 1) marked cytotoxic potency - likely related to multiple factors, including i) a potent inhibition of topoisomerase I, ii) a persistent stabilization of the cleavable complex, iii) an increased intracellular accumulation, and iv) a peculiar subcellular localization; 2) enhanced lactone stability and favorable pharmacokinetics; 3) remarkable antitumor efficacy in a large panel of human tumor xenografts (including tumor models relatively resistant to topotecan and irinotecan), particularly on squamous cell carcinomas. The clinical development of namitecan is currently ongoing. Namitecan exhibited an acceptable toxicity profile, with neutropenia being the dose-limiting toxic effect, and clinical benefit was appreciable in patients with different tumor types, particularly bladder and endometrium carcinomas. In this article, we review the relevant features of namitecan, with particular reference to its advantages compared with the two analogues (topotecan and irinotecan) approved for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Beretta
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Stacchiotti S, Tortoreto M, Bozzi F, Tamborini E, Morosi C, Messina A, Libertini M, Palassini E, Cominetti D, Negri T, Gronchi A, Pilotti S, Zaffaroni N, Casali P. Dacarbazine in Solitary Fibrous Tumor: A Case Series Analysis and Preclinical Evidence vis-à-vis Temozolomide and Antiangiogenics. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:5192-201. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-0776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Buzzoni R, Pusceddu S, Damato A, Meroni E, Aktolun C, Milione M, Mazzaferro V, De Braud F, Spreafico C, Maccauro M, Zaffaroni N, Castellani MR. Malignant pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: future considerations for therapy. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2013; 57:153-160. [PMID: 23598685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma are rare neuroendocrine tumors. Knowledge about such neoplasms ameliorated in the last 10-15 years with the discovery of increasing number of germ line mutations even in apparently sporadic cases. Seemingly, genetic tests are going to be an integral part of diagnostic procedures. Standard therapies (advanced surgery, radiometabolic therapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy) have revealed suboptimal results in tumor size reduction and survival. Currently, there is no standard therapeutic protocol and thus some patients end up with overtreatment while others are undertreated. An effective molecular target therapy aiming at permanent control of these highly complex neoplasms should be the aim of future efforts. In clinical setting investigatory trials with multiple drug therapies targeting a variety of different parallel pathways should be available. Successful management requires a multidisciplinary teamwork.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Buzzoni
- Day Hospital Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
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Cassinelli G, Lanzi C, Tortoreto M, Cominetti D, Petrangolini G, Favini E, Zaffaroni N, Pisano C, Penco S, Vlodavsky I, Zunino F. Antitumor efficacy of the heparanase inhibitor SST0001 alone and in combination with antiangiogenic agents in the treatment of human pediatric sarcoma models. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 85:1424-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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L. Beretta G, Gatti L, Perego P, Zaffaroni N. Camptothecin Resistance in Cancer: Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of a DNA-Damaging Drug. Curr Med Chem 2013; 20:1541-65. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867311320120006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Pennati M, Sbarra S, De Cesare M, Locatelli S, Carlo-Stella C, Zaffaroni N. 75 YM155-mediated Inhibition of Survivin Expression Enhances TRAIL-induced Apoptosis in Human Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)71873-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Gandellini P, Profumo V, Casamichele A, Fenderico N, Borrelli S, Petrovich G, Santilli G, Callari M, Colecchia M, Pozzi S, De Cesare M, Folini M, Valdagni R, Mantovani R, Zaffaroni N. miR-205 regulates basement membrane deposition in human prostate: implications for cancer development. Cell Death Differ 2012; 19:1750-60. [PMID: 22555458 PMCID: PMC3469086 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2012.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The basement membrane (BM) is a layer of specialized extracellular matrix that surrounds normal prostate glands and preserves tissue integrity. Lack or discontinuity of the BM is a prerequisite for tumor cell invasion into interstitial spaces, thus favoring metastasis. Therefore, BM maintenance represents a barrier against cancer development and progression. In the study, we show that miR-205 participates in a network involving ΔNp63α, which is essential for maintenance of the BM in prostate epithelium. At the molecular level, ΔNp63α is able to enhance miR-205 transcription by binding to its promoter, whereas the microRNA can post-transcriptionally limit the amount of ΔNp63α protein, mostly by affecting ΔNp63α proteasomal degradation rather than through a canonical miRNA/target interaction. Functionally, miR-205 is able to control the deposition of laminin-332 and its receptor integrin-β4. Hence, pathological loss of miR-205, as widely observed in prostate cancer, may favor tumorigenesis by creating discontinuities in the BM. Here we demonstrate that therapeutic replacement of miR-205 in prostate cancer (PCa) cells can restore BM deposition and 3D organization into normal-like acinar structures, thus hampering cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gandellini
- Department of Experimental Oncology,
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan,
Italy
| | - V Profumo
- Department of Experimental Oncology,
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan,
Italy
| | - A Casamichele
- Department of Experimental Oncology,
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan,
Italy
| | - N Fenderico
- Department of Experimental Oncology,
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan,
Italy
| | - S Borrelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences and
Biotechnology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Petrovich
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences and
Biotechnology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Santilli
- Department of Experimental Oncology,
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan,
Italy
| | - M Callari
- Department of Experimental Oncology,
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan,
Italy
| | - M Colecchia
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS
Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - S Pozzi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences and
Biotechnology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M De Cesare
- Department of Experimental Oncology,
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan,
Italy
| | - M Folini
- Department of Experimental Oncology,
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan,
Italy
| | - R Valdagni
- Department of Radiotherapy, Fondazione IRCCS
Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Prostate Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto
Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - R Mantovani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences and
Biotechnology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - N Zaffaroni
- Department of Experimental Oncology,
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan,
Italy
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Necchi A, Zaffaroni N, Mariani L, Giannatempo P, Nicolai N, Pennati M, Daidone M, Gianni A, De Braud F, Salvioni R. 436 Interleukin-8 (IL8) and Transforming Growth-Factor Beta (TGF-β) as Drugable Biomarkers of Response, Progression-free (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS) with Pazopanib (PZP): a Phase II Study in Relapsed Urothelial Cancer (UC). Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)72234-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Beretta GL, Zuco V, Perego P, Zaffaroni N. Targeting DNA topoisomerase I with non-camptothecin poisons. Curr Med Chem 2012; 19:1238-57. [PMID: 22204335 DOI: 10.2174/092986712799320529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerase I is required for DNA relaxation during a variety of cellular functions. The identification of camptothecins as specific enzyme poisons and their clinical efficacy have stimulated extensive efforts to exploit topoisomerase I as a therapeutic target for cancer. However, several limitations of camptothecins, such as low solubility and stability, high toxicity, and the occurrence of resistance, have encouraged the development of non-camptothecin topoisomerase I inhibitors. Different natural and synthetic compounds (e.g., indolocarbazoles, dibenzonaphthyridine and indenoisoquinoline) have been extensively studied as alternatives to camptothecins and have been proved to be promising therapeutic agents. In this review, we comparatively evaluate the preclinical results obtained with the different non-camptothecin poisons proposed thus far as topoisomerase I inhibitors, with special reference to cellular pharmacology, and discuss the perspective for their use in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Beretta
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
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33
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Tiberio P, Appierto V, Santilli G, Cavadini C, De Marco C, Zaffaroni N, Daidone M. 1025 Targeting Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma – Therapeutic Potential of Synthetic Retinoids. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)71640-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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34
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Peters G, Chatelut E, Larsen A, Zaffaroni N. EORTC-related new drug discovery and development activities: role of the Pharmacology and Molecular Mechanisms Group. EJC Suppl 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(12)70022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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35
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Gatti L, Cossa G, Beretta GL, Zaffaroni N, Perego P. Novel insights into targeting ATP-binding cassette transporters for antitumor therapy. Curr Med Chem 2012; 18:4237-49. [PMID: 21838682 DOI: 10.2174/092986711797189682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a large family of proteins implicated in physiological cellular functions. Selected components of the family play a well-recognized role in extruding conventional cytotoxic antitumor agents and molecularly targeted drugs from cells. Some lines of evidence also suggest links between transporters and tumor cell survival, in part unrelated to efflux. However, the study of the precise mechanisms regulating the function of drug transporters (e.g., posttranslational modifications such as glycosylation) is still in its infancy. A better definition of the molecular events clarifying the regulation of transporter levels including regulation by microRNAs may contribute to provide new molecular tools to target such a family of transporters. The present review focuses on the biological aspects that implicate ABC transporters in resistance of tumor cells, including cancer stem cells. Molecular analysis of well-known preclinical systems as well as of cancer stem cell models supports the notion that ABC transporters represent amenable targets for modulation of the efficacy of antitumor agents endowed with different molecular features. Recent achievements regarding tumor cell biology are expected to provide a rationale for developing novel inhibitors that target ABC transporters implicated in drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gatti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
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36
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Keith WN, Lafferty-Whyte K, Cairney CJ, Zaffaroni N, Bilsland A. Response to ‘Validating a gene expression signature proposed to differentiate liposarcomas that use different telomere maintenance mechanisms’. Oncogene 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Necchi A, Nicolai N, Ortega C, Sava T, Sacco C, Crippa F, Morosi C, Zaffaroni N, Gianni A, Salvioni R. 7157 POSTER INT70/09 Phase II Study of Pazopanib (PZP) Monotherapy for Patients (pts) With Relapsed/refractory Urothelial Cancer (UC) – Updated Results. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)72072-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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38
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Necchi A, Nicolai N, Ortega C, Sava T, Messina C, Sacco C, Crippa F, Morosi C, Lanocita R, Colecchia M, Mariani L, Zaffaroni N, Salvioni R. Updated results of INT70/09 phase II study of pazopanib (PZP) monotherapy for patients with relapsed/refractory urothelial cancer (UC). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.4618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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39
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Stacchiotti S, Negri T, Zaffaroni N, Palassini E, Morosi C, Brich S, Conca E, Bozzi F, Cassinelli G, Gronchi A, Casali PG, Pilotti S. Sunitinib in advanced alveolar soft part sarcoma: evidence of a direct antitumor effect. Ann Oncol 2011; 22:1682-1690. [PMID: 21242589 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdq644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to confirm sunitinib activity in alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) and to report on new insights into the molecular bases thereof. PATIENTS AND METHODS From July 2007, nine patients with progressive metastatic ASPS received sunitinib 37.5 mg/day, within a named use program. Cryopreserved material was available for five naive patients, among whom three received sunitinib. Immunofluorescence (IF)/confocal microscopy, biochemical, and molecular/cytogenetic analyses were carried out, complemented by antiproliferative and activation assays in a short-term culture derived from one case. RESULTS All patients were eligible for response. Best RECIST response was partial response in five cases, stable disease in three, and progression in one. The median progression-free survival was 17 months. Positron emission tomography results were consistent. Two cases of interval progressions were recorded. Antiproliferative assays and biochemistry on short-term culture showed that sunitinib is able to markedly impair ASPS cells growth and switch-off PDGFRB. IF/confocal microscopy demonstrated coexpression and physical association between PDGFRB/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and RET/VEGFR2 in ASPS cells, which was validated by biochemistry. PDGFRB, RET, and MET ligand-dependent activation was confirmed. CONCLUSIONS We confirm the clinical efficacy of sunitinib in ASPS, mediated by PDGFRB, VEGFR2, and RET, which are all expressed in tumor cells. A direct antitumor effect was shown in a short-term cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T Negri
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology
| | - N Zaffaroni
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine
| | | | | | - S Brich
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology
| | - E Conca
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology
| | - F Bozzi
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology
| | - G Cassinelli
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine
| | - A Gronchi
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - S Pilotti
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology
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Pennati M, Gandellini P, Profumo V, Orlotti N, Daidone M, Folini M, Zaffaroni N. 535 miR-205-mediated reversal of epithelial–mesenchymal transition modifies the drug sensitivity profile of prostate cancer cells. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)72242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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41
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Lopergolo A, Pennati M, Gandellini P, Orlotti NI, Poma P, Daidone MG, Folini M, Zaffaroni N. Apollon gene silencing induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells through p53 stabilisation and caspase-3 activation. Br J Cancer 2009; 100:739-46. [PMID: 19223905 PMCID: PMC2653776 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We analysed the effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of Apollon, a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein family, on the proliferative potential and ability of human breast cancer cell lines to undergo apoptosis. In wild-type p53 ZR75.1 cells, Apollon knockdown resulted in a marked, time-dependent decline of cell growth and an increased rate of apoptosis, which was associated with p53 stabilisation and activation of the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway. Pre-incubation of cells with a p53-specific siRNA resulted in a partial rescue of cell growth inhibition, as well as in a marked reduction of the apoptotic response, indicating p53 as a major player in cell growth impairment consequent on Apollon silencing. Apollon knockdown induced consistently less pronounced anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in mutant p53 MDA-MB-231 cells than in ZR75.1 cells. Furthermore, the activation of caspase-3 seemed to be essential for the induction of apoptosis after Apollon knockdown, as the Apollon-specific siRNA had no effect on the viability of caspase-3-deficient, wild-type p53 MCF-7 cells or the ZR75.1 cells after RNA interference-mediated caspase-3 silencing. Our results indicate that p53 stabilisation and caspase-3 activation concur to determine the apoptotic response mediated by Apollon knockdown in breast cancer cells, and suggest Apollon to be a potential new therapeutic target for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lopergolo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
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Pennati M, Lopergolo A, Gandellini P, Folini M, Daidone M, Zaffaroni N. 256 POSTER SiRNA-mediated Apollon gene silencing induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells via p53 stabilization and caspase-3 activation. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)72190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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43
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Cairney CJ, Hoare SF, Daidone MG, Zaffaroni N, Keith WN. High level of telomerase RNA gene expression is associated with chromatin modification, the ALT phenotype and poor prognosis in liposarcoma. Br J Cancer 2008; 98:1467-74. [PMID: 18414473 PMCID: PMC2361713 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere length is maintained by two known mechanisms, activation of telomerase or alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). The ALT pathway is more commonly activated in tumours of mesenchymal origin, although the mechanisms involved in the decision of a cell to activate either telomerase or ALT are unknown at present and no molecular markers exist to define the ALT phenotype. We have previously shown an association between chromatin remodelling, telomerase gene expression and ALT in cell line models. Here, we evaluate these findings and investigate their prognostic significance in a panel of liposarcoma tissue samples to understand the biology underlying the ALT phenotype. Liposarcoma samples were split into three groups: telomerase positive (Tel+); ALT positive; ALT−/Tel−. Differences in telomerase gene expression were evident between the groups with increased expression of hTR in ALT and Tel+ compared to ALT−/Tel− samples and increased hTERT in Tel+ samples only. Investigation of a small panel of chromatin modifications revealed significantly increased binding of acetyl H3 in association with hTR expression. We confirm that the presence of the ALT phenotype is associated with poor prognosis and in addition, for the first time, we show a direct association between hTR expression and poor prognosis in liposarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Cairney
- Centre for Oncology and Applied Pharmacology, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research UK Beatson Laboratories, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
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Venturini L, Erdas R, Costa A, Gronchi A, Pilotti S, Zaffaroni N, Daidone MG. ALT-associated promyelocytic leukaemia body (APB) detection as a reproducible tool to assess alternative lengthening of telomere stability in liposarcomas. J Pathol 2007; 214:410-4. [DOI: 10.1002/path.2288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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45
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Folini M, Bandiera R, Millo E, Gandellini P, Sozzi G, Gasparini P, Longoni N, Binda M, Daidone MG, Berg K, Zaffaroni N. Photochemically enhanced delivery of a cell-penetrating peptide nucleic acid conjugate targeting human telomerase reverse transcriptase: effects on telomere status and proliferative potential of human prostate cancer cells. Cell Prolif 2007; 40:905-20. [PMID: 18021178 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2007.00470.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are DNA mimics that have been demonstrated to be efficient antisense/antigene tools in cell-free systems. However, their potential as in vivo regulators of gene expression has been hampered by their poor uptake by living cells, and strategies need to be developed for their intracellular delivery. This study has aimed to demonstrate the possibility (i) of efficiently delivering a PNA, which targets mRNA of the catalytic component of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), into DU145 prostate cancer cells through a combined approach based on conjugation of the PNA to Tat internalizing peptide (hTERT-PNA-Tat) and subsequent photochemical internalization, and (ii) to interfere with telomerase function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Treated cells were analysed for telomerase activity, hTERT expression, growth rate, ability to undergo apoptosis and telomere status. RESULTS After exposure to light, DU145 cells treated with hTERT-PNA-Tat and the photosensitiser TPPS2a showed dose-dependent inhibition of telomerase activity, which was accompanied by marked reduction of hTERT protein expression. A dose-dependent decline in DU145 cell population growth and induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis were also observed from 48 h after treatment. Such an antiproliferative effect was associated with the presence of telomeric dysfunction, as revealed by cytogenetic analysis, in the absence of telomere shrinkage, and with induction of DNA damage response as suggested by the increased expression of gamma-H2AX. CONCLUSIONS Our results (i) indicate photochemical internalization as an efficient approach for intracellular delivery of chimaeric PNAs, and (ii) corroborate earlier evidence suggesting pro-survival and anti-apoptotic roles of hTERT, which are independent of its ability to maintain telomere length.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Folini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Valdagni R, Gariboldi M, Zaffaroni N, Fellin G, Vavassori V, Barra S, Cozzarini C, Fiorino C, Girelli G, Rancati T. 4006 POSTER Gene profile predicts protection from radio-induced late rectal bleeding in prostate cancer. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(07)71074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Pennati M, Meli M, Curto M, Daidone M, Plescia J, Toba S, Altieri D, Zaffaroni N, Colombo G. 354 POSTER AICAR: a rational identified small molecule targeting Hsp90 chaperone function in cancer cells. EJC Suppl 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(06)70359-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Zaffaroni N, Costa A, Pennati M, De Marco C, Erdas R, Kusamura S, Deraco M, Daidone M. 109 Potential of survivin as a new therapeutic target in diffuse malignant mesothelioma of the peritoneum. Lung Cancer 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(07)70185-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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49
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Sani M, Viani F, Binda M, Zaffaroni N, Zanda M. Synthesis and in Vitro Anti-Proliferative Activity of Racemic Trifluoro-Casodex® (Bicalutamide). LETT ORG CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178054405850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
Oligonucleotide-based therapies have been under investigation for many years, and different antisense oligomers are being tested in clinical trials on patients with cancer and other diseases. Since telomerase reactivation has been defined as one of the six hallmarks of cancer because of the enzyme's ability to provide tumor cells with unlimited proliferative potential, antisense-based approaches, aimed to inhibit the core enzyme components, could represent innovative anticancer therapies. Overall, available information indicates antisense-based strategies as powerful tools to inhibit telomerase and interfere with tumor cell proliferative potential. Specifically, cancer cell growth arrest was observed in several tumor models as a consequence of telomere shortening in the presence of prolonged telomerase inhibition. However, in other studies, antisense-based treatments caused rapid loss of tumor cell viability and induced apoptosis independently of telomere attrition. The results would suggest that telomerase inhibition affects tumor cell growth by mechanisms that are dependent as well as independent of the enzyme telomere elongating activity. However, the role of telomerase in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, beyond the classical mechanism of telomere lengthening, needs to be further investigated to provide a better rationale for the design and development of antitelomerase-based therapies in clinical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Folini
- Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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