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Park SH, Lee SY, Kim JS, Kim AY, Park SY, Lee JH, Lee M, Kim H, Lee SI, Kang NY, Park JW, Kim SM, Park JH, Ko YJ. Scale-Up Production of Type O and A Foot-and-Mouth Disease Bivalent Vaccine and Its Protective Efficacy in Pigs. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060586. [PMID: 34199359 PMCID: PMC8227705 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
South Korea has experienced FMD outbreaks almost every year since 2014. Therefore, a novel local vaccine that can cover various topotypes of viruses is required. Two virus strains, O/Boeun/SKR/2017 and A/Yeoncheon/SKR/2017, were cultured up to the pilot scale based on the optimized conditions set up on the flask scale. FMDV particles (146S) of 2 µg/mL or more were obtained from the virus culture supernatant using a 100 L bioreactor. The viruses were fully inactivated using binary ethylenimine within 16 h through two inactivation cycles and mixed with an adjuvant into a bivalent vaccine (types O and A) consisting of 15 µg viruses per strain. The experimental bivalent vaccine showed a broad spectrum of high neutralizing antibody titers against heterologous viruses, including type O Cathay strain and type A Asia topotypes, except for GVII. The 50% protective dose was determined as 12.5 for O/Boeun/SKR/2017 and 15.6 for A/Yeoncheon/SKR/2017. Collectively, we expect that the bivalent vaccine could protect against FMDV types O and A circulating in South Korea and neighboring countries. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that the vaccine strains could be successfully scaled-up to a 100 L bioreactor, with the determination of its protective efficacy in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyun Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (H.K.); (S.-I.L.); (N.-Y.K.); (J.-W.P.); (S.-M.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Seo-Yong Lee
- Research Unit, FVC Vaccine Company, #521, 5, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-Y.L.); (J.-H.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Jae-Seok Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (H.K.); (S.-I.L.); (N.-Y.K.); (J.-W.P.); (S.-M.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Ah-Young Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (H.K.); (S.-I.L.); (N.-Y.K.); (J.-W.P.); (S.-M.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Sun-Young Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (H.K.); (S.-I.L.); (N.-Y.K.); (J.-W.P.); (S.-M.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Ji-Hye Lee
- Research Unit, FVC Vaccine Company, #521, 5, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-Y.L.); (J.-H.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Mijung Lee
- Research Unit, FVC Vaccine Company, #521, 5, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-Y.L.); (J.-H.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (H.K.); (S.-I.L.); (N.-Y.K.); (J.-W.P.); (S.-M.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Sim-In Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (H.K.); (S.-I.L.); (N.-Y.K.); (J.-W.P.); (S.-M.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Na-Young Kang
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (H.K.); (S.-I.L.); (N.-Y.K.); (J.-W.P.); (S.-M.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (H.K.); (S.-I.L.); (N.-Y.K.); (J.-W.P.); (S.-M.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Su-Mi Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (H.K.); (S.-I.L.); (N.-Y.K.); (J.-W.P.); (S.-M.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Jong-Hyeon Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (H.K.); (S.-I.L.); (N.-Y.K.); (J.-W.P.); (S.-M.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Young-Joon Ko
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (S.-H.P.); (J.-S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (H.K.); (S.-I.L.); (N.-Y.K.); (J.-W.P.); (S.-M.K.); (J.-H.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-5491-209-08
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Hwang J, Park HS, Han S, Jun SW, Kang NY, Jeon JH, Choi SW, Lee CH, Kim IC, Cho YK, Yoon HJ, Kim H, Nam CW, Hur SH. The impact of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation on the left atrial volume and function: study using three-dimensional echocardiography. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2019; 57:87-95. [PMID: 31889225 PMCID: PMC7036070 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-019-00696-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The exact correlation between the baseline left atrial (LA) volume (LAV) and atrial fibrillation (AF) radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) outcomes and changes to the LA after AF RFCA has not yet been fully understood. We sought to evaluate the serial changes in the LAV and LA function after RFCA using 3D echocardiography. Methods Consecutive patients who received RFCA of paroxysmal (PAF) or persistent AF (PeAF) at our center between January 2013 and March 2016 were included. Real-time 3D apical full-volume images were acquired, and a 3D volumetric assessment was performed using an automated three-beat averaging method. The LAV index (LAVI) was calculated and the LA ejection fraction (LAEF) was calculated as [LAVmax − LAVmin]/LAVmax. Results Ninety-nine total patients were enrolled, and the mean age was 58.0 ± 8.2 years and 75 (74.7%) were male. There were 59 (59.6%) PAF patients and the remaining 40 (40.4%) had PeAF. AF recurred in 5 of 59 (8.5%) PAF and in 10 of 40 (25%) PeAF patients. The LAVImax increased on 1 day, decreased at 3 months, and then increased again at 1 year but was lower than that at baseline. The LAEF changes were similar to the volume changes but were more prominent in PeAF than PAF patients. The baseline 3D LAVImax was an independent predictor of AF recurrence after RFCA and the cut-off value was 44.13 ml/m2. Conclusion In our study, even after 3 months of scar formation due to ablation, structural remodeling of the LA continued. The changes were more prominent in the non-recurrent, PeAF patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10840-019-00696-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Hwang
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - Hyoung-Seob Park
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea.
| | - Seongwook Han
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - Seung-Woon Jun
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - Na-Young Kang
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hwa Jeon
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - Sang-Woong Choi
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - Cheol Hyun Lee
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - In-Cheol Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - Yun-Kyeong Cho
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - Hyuck-Jun Yoon
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - Hyungseop Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - Chang-Wook Nam
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Hur
- Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 1035, Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, Dalseo-gu,, 42601, South Korea
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Kang NY, Ivanovska J, Tamir-Hostovsky L, Belik J, Gauda EB. Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in Premature Infants: The Link Between Low Fat Stores, Adiponectin Receptor Signaling and Lung Injury. Adv Exp Med Biol 2018; 1071:151-157. [PMID: 30357746 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91137-3_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Premature infants have chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) that increases morbidity, and the youngest and the smallest premature infants are at the greatest risk. The combination of lung injury from inflammation/oxidative stress causing low functional residual capacity combined with frequent short apneas leads to CIH. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipose-derived adipokine that protects the lung from inflammation and oxidative stress. Premature and small for gestational age (SGA) infants have minimal body fat and low levels of circulating APN. To begin to understand the potential role of APN in lung protection during lung development, we characterized the developmental profile of APN and APN receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) protein and mRNA expression in the newborn rat lung at fetal day (FD) 19, and postnatal days (PD) 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28. Protein levels in lung homogenates were measured by western blot analyses; relative mRNA expression was detected by quantitative PCR (qPCR); and serum high molecular weight (HMW) APN was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: APN protein and mRNA levels were lowest at FD19 and PD1, increased 2.2-fold at PD4, decreased at PD10, and then increased again at PD21. AdipoR1 protein and mRNA levels peaked at PD1, followed by a threefold drop by PD4, and remained low until PD21. AdipoR2 protein and mRNA levels also peaked at PD1, but remained high at PD4, followed by a 1.7-fold drop by PD10 that remained low by PD21. Serum APN levels detected by ELISA did not differ from PD4 to PD28. To date, this is the first report characterizing APN and APN receptor protein and mRNA expression in the rat lung during development. The developmental stage of the newborn rat lung models that of the premature human infant; both are in the saccular stage of lung development. In the newborn rat lung, alveolarization begins at PD4, peaks at PD10, and ends at PD21. Importantly, we found that AdipoR1 receptor protein and mRNA expression is lowest during lung alveolarization (PD4 to PD21). Thus, we speculate that low levels of AdipoR1 during lung alveolarization contributes to the increased susceptibility to developing acute lung edema and chronic lung injury such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature human infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Young Kang
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julijana Ivanovska
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Liran Tamir-Hostovsky
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jaques Belik
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Estelle B Gauda
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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