1
|
Anwar FAS, Negm EA, Abdelhaseib M, Abdel-maksoud FM, Mohammed AA, Mohamed SAA, Gareh A, Elbarbary NK, El-khadragy MF, Hassan EA, Elmahallawy EK. High Prevalence of Bovine Cardiac Cysticercosis in Upper Egypt: An Epidemiological and Histopathological Study. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:158. [PMID: 38200889 PMCID: PMC10778426 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine cysticercosis is categorized as a serious parasitic zoonotic infestation. The infection is mainly caused by the tapeworm Taenia saginata, which infects cattle and humans. The larval stage, Cysticercus bovis (C. bovis), is found in the skeletal and cardiac muscles of infected cattle. Despite its potential public health concern, few studies have been conducted on cardiac cysticercosis in Upper Egypt. This study investigates the prevalence, epidemiology, and impact of cardiac cysticercosis in Upper Egypt, emphasizing how histopathological changes in cardiac muscle and physiological parameters might be associated with the infection. From December 2022 to October 2023, a total of 941 animals from Assiut province, Upper Egypt, were slaughtered and their cardiac muscles were examined for the presence of C. bovis. Cysts were classified as viable or degenerated through macroscopic inspection. The overall prevalence of C. bovis infected hearts made up 10.8% of the total examined. The highest prevalence rate was in the summer season followed by spring; winter had the lowest infections. The histopathological examination of infected tissues revealed immune cell infiltration around Cysticercus-infected areas. Additionally, Bax immunostaining demonstrated the apoptotic effect of cysticercosis. Regarding the measured physiological parameters, there were non-significant changes in plasma levels of total protein and albumin in cattle infected with cysticercosis compared with control animals. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) combined with a significant increase in lipid peroxide (Malondialdehyde) (MDA), troponin T, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in infected animals. The present work documented a set of epidemiological and pathological findings, revealing that C. bovis is a potentially harmful parasite and can cause significant health problems in both cattle and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma A. S. Anwar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt;
| | - Eman A. Negm
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt;
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Assiut, New Nasser City, Assiut 11829, Egypt
| | - Maha Abdelhaseib
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt;
| | - Fatma M. Abdel-maksoud
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt;
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sphinx University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Mohammed
- Department of Animal and Poultry Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Sara Abdel-Aal Mohamed
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Gareh
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan 24101, Egypt;
| | - Nady Khairy Elbarbary
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt;
| | - Manal F. El-khadragy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehssan Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Alkharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, El-Sheikh Zayed, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elbarbary NK, Abdelmotilib NM, Salem-Bekhit MM, Salem MM, Singh S, Dandrawy MK. Antibacterial efficiency of apple vinegar marination on beef-borne Salmonella. Open Vet J 2024; 14:274-283. [PMID: 38633164 PMCID: PMC11018434 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Salmonella-related foodborne illnesses are a significant public health concern. Naturally, antibacterial food components have been shown to limit microbial growth proliferation with various degrees of efficacy. Aims To examine the occurrence, microbial load, and effect of apple vinegar on Salmonella serovars in beef and beef products. Methods 150 beef and beef products were collected between March and May 2022. Total viable count (TVC), Enterobacteriaceae count (ENT), isolation and identification of Salmonella, and their virulence factors detection by multiplex PCR were determined, and an experimental study of the effect of natural apple vinegar marination on Salmonella spp. Results TVC was higher in meatballs (3.32 × 106 ± 1.07 × 106) while beef burgers (4.22 × 103 ± 0.71 × 103) had the highest ENT. Concerning the prevalence of Salmonella spp., meatball (46.7%) and beef burger (25.3%) samples were the highest contamination rate. The common serovars detected were Salmonella typhimurium (6%), Salmonella enteritidis (6%), and Salmonella infantis (4%). Based on the results of PCR, 12, 11, and 11 out of 18 samples of Salmonella isolates possess hila, stn, and invA genes. By immersing the inoculated steak meat in apple vinegar at different concentrations (50%, 70%, and 100%), the initial populations of the Salmonella strains after 12 hours were reduced to 0.38 × 102 ± 0.05 × 102 log CFU/ml; however, after 48 hours become the most reduction (0.31 × 102 ± 0.07 × 102 log CFU/ml) at a concentration of 100% apple vinegar. An enhancement in the sensory attributes was noted across all concentrations. Conclusion The consumed beef and beef products are contaminated with pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella spp. Marinades made using apple vinegar concentrations of 50%, 75%, and 100% effectively minimized the prevalence of artificially inoculated Salmonella and extended the shelf life of preserved refrigerated beef products to 48 hours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nady Khairy Elbarbary
- Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Neveen M. Abdelmotilib
- Department of Food Technology, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-CITY), New Borg El-Arab City, Egypt
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Salem
- College of Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Soumya Singh
- College of Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mohamed K. Dandrawy
- Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abd-ELrahman SM, Gareh A, Mohamed HI, Alrashdi BM, Dyab AK, El-Khadragy MF, Khairy Elbarbary N, Fouad AM, El-Gohary FA, Elmahallawy EK, Mohamed SAA. Prevalence and Morphological Investigation of Parasitic Infection in Freshwater Fish (Nile Tilapia) from Upper Egypt. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13061088. [PMID: 36978630 PMCID: PMC10044437 DOI: 10.3390/ani13061088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish are a source of high-quality protein with low cholesterol, but they are susceptible to parasitic infections, which have a significant impact on aquaculture, in addition to their zoonotic potential. The present study estimated parasitic infections and evaluated the diversity of zoonotic parasites in freshwater Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt. A total of 300 samples were randomly collected from the Assiut Governorate. These fish were examined for both ectoparasites and endoparasites, followed by the experimental infection of mice with encysted metacercariae (EMC) for the retrieval of the adult worms. The overall prevalence of the variable parasites was 82% (246 of 300). Both ecto- and endoparasites were detected in 41% (123 of 300) of the examined fish. The identified ectoparasites were Gyrodactylus, Dactylogrus, Cichlidogyrus, Trichodina and Icthyophthirius multifiliis, in 5%, 4%, 22%, 6% and 4% of the fish, respectively. The endoparasites were trematodes (Orientocreadium batrachoides 3%), nematodes (Contracaecum. 2%), acanthocephala (Acanthosentis tilapiae 25%) and protozoa that included Isospora and Eimeria spp., in 1% and 8% of fish, respectively. Myxobolus was detected in 2% of the examined fish. The overall prevalence of encysted metacercariae (EMC) was 95% (285 of 300), while infection with macroscopic EMC had a prevalence of 37% and microscopic EMC had a prevalence of 58%. The adult worms recovered from the experimental infections were Prohemistomum vivax and Mesostephanus spp., which belong to the family Cyathocotylidae. Collectively, these findings reflect the relatively high occurrence of parasites among the studied fish, confirming the necessity of strict measures to control infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Mahmoud Abd-ELrahman
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; (S.M.A.-E.); (H.I.M.); (S.A.-A.M.)
| | - Ahmed Gareh
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan 24101, Egypt;
| | - Hager Ibrahem Mohamed
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; (S.M.A.-E.); (H.I.M.); (S.A.-A.M.)
| | - Barakat M. Alrashdi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Kamal Dyab
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | - Manal F. El-Khadragy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nady Khairy Elbarbary
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt;
| | - Alamira Marzouk Fouad
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assuit University, Assiut 71526, Egypt;
| | - Fatma A. El-Gohary
- Department of Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara Abdel-Aal Mohamed
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; (S.M.A.-E.); (H.I.M.); (S.A.-A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|