1
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Choi S, Cho N, Kim EM, Kim KK. The role of alternative pre-mRNA splicing in cancer progression. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:249. [PMID: 37875914 PMCID: PMC10594706 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03094-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative pre-mRNA splicing is a critical mechanism that generates multiple mRNA from a single gene, thereby increasing the diversity of the proteome. Recent research has highlighted the significance of specific splicing isoforms in cellular processes, particularly in regulating cell numbers. In this review, we examine the current understanding of the role of alternative splicing in controlling cancer cell growth and discuss specific splicing factors and isoforms and their molecular mechanisms in cancer progression. These isoforms have been found to intricately control signaling pathways crucial for cell cycle progression, proliferation, and apoptosis. Furthermore, studies have elucidated the characteristics and functional importance of splicing factors that influence cell numbers. Abnormal expression of oncogenic splicing isoforms and splicing factors, as well as disruptions in splicing caused by genetic mutations, have been implicated in the development and progression of tumors. Collectively, these findings provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between alternative splicing and cell proliferation, thereby suggesting the potential of alternative splicing as a therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Lee S, Jung H, Choi S, Cho N, Kim EM, Kim KK. Intron retention decreases METTL3 expression by inhibiting mRNA export to the cytoplasm. BMB Rep 2023; 56:514-519. [PMID: 37357537 PMCID: PMC10547966 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2023-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), a key component of the m6A methyltransferase complex, regulates the splicing, nuclear transport, stability, and translation of its target genes. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of METTL3 expression by alternative splicing (AS) remains unknown. We analyzed the expression pattern of METTL3 after AS in human tissues and confirmed the expression of an isoform retaining introns 8 and 9 (METTL3-IR). We confirmed the different intracellular localizations of METTL3-IR and METTL3 proteins using immunofluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the endogenous expression of METTL3-IR at the protein level was different from that at the mRNA level. We found that 3'-UTR generation by intron retention (IR) inhibited the export of METTL3-IR mRNA to the cytoplasm, which in turn suppressed protein expression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to confirm the regulation of METTL3 gene expression by AS, providing evidence that the suppression of METTL3 protein expression by IR is an integral part of the mechanism by which 3'-UTR generation regulates protein expression via inhibition of RNA export to the cytoplasm. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(9): 514-519].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangsoo Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Haesoo Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Kee Kwang Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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3
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Lee S, Jung H, Choi S, Cho N, Kim EM, Kim KK. Intron retention decreases METTL3 expression by inhibiting mRNA export to the cytoplasm. BMB Rep 2023; 56:514-519. [PMID: 37357537 PMCID: PMC10547966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), a key component of the m6A methyltransferase complex, regulates the splicing, nuclear transport, stability, and translation of its target genes. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of METTL3 expression by alternative splicing (AS) remains unknown. We analyzed the expression pattern of METTL3 after AS in human tissues and confirmed the expression of an isoform retaining introns 8 and 9 (METTL3-IR). We confirmed the different intracellular localizations of METTL3-IR and METTL3 proteins using immunofluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the endogenous expression of METTL3-IR at the protein level was different from that at the mRNA level. We found that 3'-UTR generation by intron retention (IR) inhibited the export of METTL3-IR mRNA to the cytoplasm, which in turn suppressed protein expression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to confirm the regulation of METTL3 gene expression by AS, providing evidence that the suppression of METTL3 protein expression by IR is an integral part of the mechanism by which 3'-UTR generation regulates protein expression via inhibition of RNA export to the cytoplasm. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(9): 514-519].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangsoo Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Haesoo Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Kee Kwang Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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4
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Park S, Jalaludin I, Hwang H, Ko M, Adelipour M, Hwan M, Cho N, Kim KK, Lubman DM, Kim J. Size-exclusion chromatography for the characterization of urinary extracellular vesicles. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1228:123828. [PMID: 37480686 PMCID: PMC10530618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have gained attention for their potential as biomarkers for the early diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Traditionally, EV isolation has relied exclusively on ultracentrifugation. However, alternative enrichment methods such as size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and polyethylene glycol-based precipitation have been introduced. This study utilized SEC as a characterization tool to assess the efficiency of EV isolation. Urinary EVs isolated from human urine using centrifugation (40,000 × g) were analyzed using an SEC column with a pore size of 1000 Å, an inner diameter of 7.8 mm, and a length of 300 mm. The EVs were detected sequentially using UV (280 nm) and fluorescence (λex/em = 550 nm/565 nm); the EVs were observed at approximately 6 min, while the proteins were observed at approximately 12 min. The repeated centrifugation enrichment steps resulted in an increase in EV peaks and a decrease in protein peaks. SEC analysis of the enriched EV samples confirmed that a four-cycle repetition of centrifugation is necessary for successful EV enrichment and removal of non-EV proteins from 40 mL of human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghwi Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Iqbal Jalaludin
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310 Johor, Malaysia
| | - Hyojin Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjeong Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Maryam Adelipour
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Myung Hwan
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - David M Lubman
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeongkwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Choi S, Cho N, Kim KK. The implications of alternative pre-mRNA splicing in cell signal transduction. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:755-766. [PMID: 37009804 PMCID: PMC10167241 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells produce multiple mRNAs through alternative splicing, which ensures proteome diversity. Because most human genes undergo alternative splicing, key components of signal transduction pathways are no exception. Cells regulate various signal transduction pathways, including those associated with cell proliferation, development, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. Since proteins produced through alternative splicing can exhibit diverse biological functions, splicing regulatory mechanisms affect all signal transduction pathways. Studies have demonstrated that proteins generated by the selective combination of exons encoding important domains can enhance or attenuate signal transduction and can stably and precisely regulate various signal transduction pathways. However, aberrant splicing regulation via genetic mutation or abnormal expression of splicing factors negatively affects signal transduction pathways and is associated with the onset and progression of various diseases, including cancer. In this review, we describe the effects of alternative splicing regulation on major signal transduction pathways and highlight the significance of alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Choi S, Kim EM, Kim SY, Choi Y, Choi S, Cho N, Park HJ, Kim KK. Particulate matter exposure exacerbates cellular damage by increasing stress granule formation in respiratory syncytial virus-infected human lung organoids. Environ Pollut 2022; 315:120439. [PMID: 36257563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to atmospheric particulate matter (PM) increases morbidity and mortality in respiratory diseases by causing various adverse health effects; however, the effects of PM exposure on cellular stress under virus-infected conditions remain unclear. The effects of PM under 10 μm (PM10) and diesel PM (DPM) on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection were investigated in human two-dimensional lung epithelial cells and human three-dimensional lung organoids mimicking the lung tissue. We evaluated the formation of stress granules, which are important in cellular adaptation to various stress conditions. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of repeated exposure to PM10 and DPM on DNA damage and cell death during viral infection. PM10 and DPM did not cause stress granule formation in the absence of RSV infection but drastically increased stress granule formation and signal transduction during RSV infection in human lung epithelial cells and human lung organoids. Further, repeated exposure to PM10 and DPM caused cell death by severely damaging DNA under RSV infection conditions. Thus, PM10 and DPM induce severe lung toxicity under stress conditions, such as viral infection, suggesting that the effects of PMs under various stressful conditions should be examined to accurately predict the lung toxicity of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea; Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongsoo Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seri Choi
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Jin Park
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Choi S, Lee HS, Cho N, Kim I, Cheon S, Park C, Kim EM, Kim W, Kim KK. RBFOX2-regulated TEAD1 alternative splicing plays a pivotal role in Hippo-YAP signaling. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:8658-8673. [PMID: 35699208 PMCID: PMC9410899 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative pre-mRNA splicing is key to proteome diversity; however, the biological roles of alternative splicing (AS) in signaling pathways remain elusive. Here, we focus on TEA domain transcription factor 1 (TEAD1), a YAP binding factor in the Hippo signaling pathway. Public database analyses showed that expression of YAP-TEAD target genes negatively correlated with the expression of a TEAD1 isoform lacking exon 6 (TEAD1ΔE6) but did not correlate with overall TEAD1 expression. We confirmed that the transcriptional activity and oncogenic properties of the full-length TEAD1 isoform were greater than those of TEAD1ΔE6, with the difference in transcription related to YAP interaction. Furthermore, we showed that RNA-binding Fox-1 homolog 2 (RBFOX2) promoted the inclusion of TEAD1 exon 6 via binding to the conserved GCAUG element in the downstream intron. These results suggest a regulatory mechanism of RBFOX2-mediated TEAD1 AS and provide insight into AS-specific modulation of signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Seong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Inyoung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongmin Cheon
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.,Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Chungoo Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Wantae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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8
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Choi S, Cho N, Kim KK. Non-canonical splice junction processing increases the diversity of RBFOX2 splicing isoforms. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 144:106172. [PMID: 35124219 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of splicing regulation through non-canonical splice junction processing remain largely unknown. Here, we identified two RBFOX2 splicing isoforms by alternative 3' splice site selection of exon 9; the non-canonical splice junction processed RBFOX2 transcript (RBFOX2-N.C.) was expressed by the selection of the 3' splice GG acceptor sequence. The cytoplasmic localization of RBFOX2-C., a canonical splice junction-processed RBFOX2 transcript, was different from that of RBFOX2-N.C., which showed nuclear localization. In addition, we confirmed that RBFOX2-C. showed a significantly stronger localization into stress granules than RBFOX2-N.C. upon sodium arsenite treatment. Next, we investigated the importance of non-canonical 3' splice GG sequence selection of specific cis-regulatory elements using minigene constructs of the RBFOX2 gene. We found that the non-canonical 3' splice GG sequence and suboptimal branch point site adjacent region were critical for RBFOX2-N.C. expression through a non-canonical 3' splice selection. Our results suggest a regulatory mechanism for the non-canonical 3' splice selection in the RBFOX2 gene, providing a basis for studies related to the regulation of alternative pre-mRNA splicing through non-canonical splice junction processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Choi S, Choi S, Choi Y, Cho N, Kim SY, Lee CH, Park HJ, Oh WK, Kim KK, Kim EM. Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate increases stress granule formation in human 3D lung organoids under respiratory syncytial virus infection. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 229:113094. [PMID: 34942421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p), a humidifier disinfectant, is known to cause lung toxicity, including inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of PHMG-p on human lung tissue models (2D epithelial cells and 3D organoids) under conditions of oxidative stress and viral infection. The effect of PHMG-p was studied by evaluating the formation of stress granules (SGs), which play a pivotal role in cellular adaptation to various stress conditions. Under oxidative stress and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, exposure to PHMG-p remarkably increased eIF2α phosphorylation, which is essential for SG-related signalling, and significantly increased SG formation. Furthermore, PHMG-p induced fibrotic gene expression and caused cell death due to severe DNA damage, which was further increased under oxidative stress and RSV infection, indicating that PHMG-p induces severe lung toxicity under stress conditions. Taken together, toxicity evaluation under various stressful conditions is necessary to accurately predict potential lung toxicity of chemicals affecting the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seri Choi
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea; Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Yeongsoo Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Seung-Yeon Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea; Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Lee
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Han-Jin Park
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Won Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea.
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea.
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10
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Cho N, Lee B, Choi S, Kim J, Kim J, Yu J, Kim KK. Brucite shows antibacterial activity via establishment of alkaline conditions. RSC Adv 2021; 11:18003-18008. [PMID: 35480177 PMCID: PMC9033193 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10071d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucite, a mineral form of magnesium hydroxide, has been used industrially as a useful refractory insulator. However, its antibacterial activity remains largely unknown. This study investigated the antibacterial activity of brucite in two bacterial strains, Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive). Brucite, compared to other minerals, showed a strong antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains. The surface structure of brucite examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) had no implications in its antibacterial activity. Brucite in lysogeny broth (LB) medium maintained the basicity (pH 9) of the solution for a prolonged period of time. The basicity of the medium was responsible for the antibacterial activity of brucite. The study results identified brucite as a potent antibacterial agent that required no further processing and also revealed the underlying mechanism of action responsible for its antibacterial activity. Brucite, a mineral form of magnesium hydroxide, has been used industrially as a useful refractory insulator.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Boyeong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewhan Kim
- Department of Biochemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Geological Sciences
- College of Natural Sciences
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyung Yu
- Department of Geological Sciences
- College of Natural Sciences
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Chungnam National University
- Daejeon
- Republic of Korea
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11
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Cho N, Lee SG, Kim JO, Kim YA, Kim EM, Park C, Ji JH, Kim KK. Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes Associated with Extracellular Matrix Degradation and Inflammatory Regulation in Calcific Tendinopathy Using RNA Sequencing. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 107:489-498. [PMID: 32776213 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Calcific tendinopathy (CT), developed due to calcium hydroxyapatite deposition in the rotator cuff tendon, mostly affects women in their 40 s and 50 s and causes severe shoulder pain. However, the molecular basis of its pathogenesis and appropriate treatment methods are largely unknown. In this study, we identified 202 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between calcific and adjacent normal tendon tissues of rotator cuff using RNA sequencing-based transcriptome analysis. The DEGs were highly enriched in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and inflammation-related processes. Further, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13), two of the enzymes associated with ECM degradation, were found to be highly upregulated 25.85- and 19.40-fold, respectively, in the calcific tendon tissues compared to the adjacent normal tendon tissues. Histopathological analyses indicated collagen degradation and macrophage infiltration at the sites of calcific deposit in the rotator cuff tendon. Our study acts as a foundation that may help in better understanding of the pathogenesis associated with CT, and thus in better management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gwon Lee
- School of Biological Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ok Kim
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-An Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chungoo Park
- School of Biological Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hun Ji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Cho N, Kang RS, McCartney CJL, Pawa A, Costache I, Rose P, Abdallah FW. Analgesic benefits and clinical role of the posterior suprascapular nerve block in shoulder surgery: a systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Anaesthesia 2019; 75:386-394. [PMID: 31583679 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The posterior suprascapular nerve block has been proposed as an analgesic alternative for shoulder surgery based on the publication of several comparisons with interscalene block that failed to detect differences in analgesic outcomes. However, quantification of the absolute treatment effect of suprascapular nerve block on its own, in comparison with no block (control), to corroborate the aforementioned conclusions has been lacking. This study examines the absolute analgesic efficacy of suprascapular nerve block compared with control for shoulder surgery. We systematically sought electronic databases for studies comparing suprascapular nerve block with control. The primary outcomes included postoperative 24-h cumulative oral morphine consumption and the difference in area under the curve for 24-h pooled pain scores. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of opioid-related side-effects (postoperative nausea and vomiting) and patient satisfaction. Data were pooled using random-effects modelling. Ten studies (700 patients) were analysed; all studies examined landmark-guided posterior suprascapular nerve block performed in the suprascapular fossa. Suprascapular nerve block was statistically but not clinically superior to control for postoperative 24-h cumulative oral morphine consumption, with a weighted mean difference (99%CI) of 11.41 mg (-21.28 to -1.54; p = 0.003). Suprascapular nerve block was also statistically but not clinically superior to control for area under the curve of pain scores, with a mean difference of 1.01 cm.h. Nonetheless, suprascapular nerve block reduced the odds of postoperative nausea and vomiting and improved patient satisfaction. This review suggests that the landmark-guided posterior suprascapular nerve block does not provide clinically important analgesic benefits for shoulder surgery. Investigation of other interscalene block alternatives is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cho
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ottowa, ON, Canada
| | - R S Kang
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - C J L McCartney
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ottowa, ON, Canada
| | - A Pawa
- Department of Anaesthesia, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - I Costache
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ottowa, ON, Canada
| | - P Rose
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ottowa, ON, Canada
| | - F W Abdallah
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ottowa, ON, Canada
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Choi S, Sa M, Cho N, Kim KK, Park SH. Rbfox2 dissociation from stress granules suppresses cancer progression. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-12. [PMID: 31028247 PMCID: PMC6486603 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are stalled translation initiation complexes comprising untranslated mRNAs and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). RBP fox-1 homolog 2 (Rbfox2), a component of SGs, binds to retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) mRNA, which is closely related to cancer progression; however, the role of Rbfox2 in cancer progression remains largely unknown. In this study, we confirmed that Rbfox2, which is present in the nucleus as a splicing regulator, localizes to the cytoplasm of human colon cancer tissues and that induction of Rbfox2 dissociation from SGs by resveratrol treatment inhibits cancer progression. We also observed that Rbfox2 in SGs inhibited RB1 protein expression and promoted cell cycle progression. Additionally, resveratrol treatment inhibited SG-mediated Rbfox2 localization, further inhibiting RB1 protein expression, and inhibited specific Rbfox2 localization to the cytoplasm in melanoma B16-F10 cells, thereby effectively inhibiting metastasis and tumor growth ability. These results indicate that Rbfox2 dissociation from SGs attenuates cancer progression and offer insight into the mechanism associated with Rbfox2 dissociation, thereby marking Rbfox2 as a potential candidate target for cancer therapy. Resveratrol, an antioxidant found in red grapes, slows cancer progression by interfering with the localization and function of the RNA-binding protein Rbfox2. A study led by Kee Kim at Chungnam National University and Su-Hyung Park at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea, showed that in human colon cancer cells Rbfox2 is located in the cytoplasm where it promotes cell proliferation by blocking the assembly of the tumor suppressor protein RB1. Treatment with resveratrol prevented the migration of Rbfox2 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and significantly reduced tumor growth in a mouse model of melanoma. This study not only sheds light on the protective effects of resveratrol but also suggests that Rbfox2 could be a potential target for the development of new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Moa Sa
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su-Hyung Park
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea. .,Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Bhattacharjee A, Easwaran A, Leow MKS, Cho N. Design of an online-tuned model based compound controller for a fully automated artificial pancreas. Med Biol Eng Comput 2019; 57:1437-1449. [PMID: 30895514 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-019-01972-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper deals with the development of a control algorithm that can predict optimal insulin doses without patients' intervention in fully automated artificial pancreas system. An online-tuned model based compound controller comprising an online-tuned internal model control (IMC) algorithm and an enhanced IMC (eIMC) algorithm along with a meal detection module is proposed. Volterra models, used to develop IMC and eIMC algorithms, are developed online using recursive least squares (RLS) filter. The time domain kernels, computed online using RLS filter, are converted into frequency domain to obtain Volterra transfer function (VTF). VTFs are used to develop both IMC and eIMC algorithms. The compound controller is designed in such a way that eIMC predicts insulin doses when the glucose rate increase detector of meal detection module is positive, otherwise conventional IMC takes the control action. Experimental results show that the compound controller performs robustly in the presence of higher and irregular amounts of meal disturbances at random times, very high actuator and sensor noises and also with the variation in insulin sensitivity. The combination of compound control strategy and meal detection module compensates the shortcomings of both slow subcutaneous insulin action that causes postprandial hyperglycemia, and delayed peak of action that causes hypoglycaemia. Graphical Abstract A fully-automated artificial pancreas system containing glucose sensor, insulin pump and control algorithm. Block diagram showing the control algorithm i.e., online-tuned compound IMC comprising enhanced IMC, conventional IMC and meal detection module, developed in the present work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Melvin Khee-Shing Leow
- Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore.,Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine-Imperial College London, London, SW7 2DD, UK
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Ji JH, Kim YY, Patel K, Cho N, Park SE, Ko MS, Park SJ, Kim JO. Dexamethasone Facilitates NF-��B Signal Pathway in TNF-�� Stimulated Rotator Cuff Tenocytes. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 29:297-303. [DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1810.10051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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16
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Hossieni R, Fahradyan A, Magee W, Cho N, Urata M, Hammoudeh J. Analysis of rhBMP-2/DBM vs. ICBG for Secondary Alveolar Bone Grafts in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate: Review of 501 Cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.06.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Doi S, Cho N, Obara T. Stellate ganglion block increases blood flow in the anastomotic artery after superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass. Br J Anaesth 2018; 117:395-6. [PMID: 27543535 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aew230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Doi
- Sakura-ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - N Cho
- Sakura-ku, Saitama, Japan
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Suh S, Kim J, Han S, Cho N, Chang J, Woo D, Choi S, Joo E. 0942 Treatment Effects Of Imagery Rehearsal Therapy In Female Nightmare Disorder Patients With Trauma History: Data driven Analyses Using Resting State Functional Connectivity Study. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Suh
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin University, SEOUL, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - J Kim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, SEOUL, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - S Han
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin University, SEOUL, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - N Cho
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin University, SEOUL, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - J Chang
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin University, SEOUL, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - D Woo
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin University, SEOUL, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - S Choi
- Sleep Clinic, Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, SEOUL, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - E Joo
- Sleep Clinic, Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, SEOUL, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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Bhattacharjee A, Easwaran A, Leow MKS, Cho N. Evaluation of an artificial pancreas in in silico patients with online-tuned internal model control. Biomed Signal Process Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Choi S, Kim YE, Kim JW, Cho N, Cheon S, Kim KK. Rbfox family proteins make the homo- and hetero-oligomeric complexes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 495:1022-1027. [PMID: 29170129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rbfox family of proteins that consists of Rbfox1, Rbfox2, and Rbfox3 in mammals regulates alternative pre-mRNA splicing in various tissues via direct binding to their RNA binding element. Although many studies have indicated the splicing activity of each member of the Rbfox family, the interactions of Rbfox family proteins are largely unknown. Here, we have investigated interactions among Rbfox family proteins. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and GST-pull down assays confirmed that Rbfox proteins form homo and hetero complexes. Moreover, in vivo crosslinking using disuccinimidyl suberate treatment indicated that the Rbfox proteins form a dimer which then assembles with other proteins to form a large multiprotein complex. Duolink in situ proximity ligation (PLA) assay revealed that neuron specific Rbfox3 protein interacts with other Rbfox family proteins. This study is the first to provide an evidence that Rbfox family proteins form homo- and hetero-oligomeric complexes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunkyung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Eun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Whan Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghye Cheon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Cho N, Kim S, Shin C, Suh S. Sleep and mood disturbances in surgical menopausal women compared to natural menopausal women. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Kim YE, Cho N, Cheon S, Kim KK. Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, alleviates atopic dermatitis by increasing claudin 1 protein expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:744-750. [PMID: 28859979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Many studies investigating AD pathogenesis and its therapy have been conducted but none have been successful. One of the causes of AD is dysfunction of tight junctions through reduction of claudin 1 expression in the epidermal barrier of the skin. In the present study, we investigated the role of bortezomib (BTZ) in the restoration of the reduced expression of claudin 1. Immunoblot and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that BTZ increased the protein expression level of claudin 1 in the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT, thereby forming paracellular barriers. Furthermore, repeated application of BTZ alleviated atopic symptoms on the backs and ears of 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD mice, and led to the formation of normal tight junctions in the epidermal barrier of DNCB-induced mice skin. Taken together, these results demonstrate that BTZ-induced claudin 1 expression may be a valuable therapeutic approach for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Eun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Namjoon Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghye Cheon
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Hoory E, Budassi J, Pfeffer E, Cho N, Thalappillil J, Andersen J, Rafailovich M, Sokolov J. Discrimination of Adsorbed Double-Stranded and Single-Stranded DNA Molecules on Surfaces by Fluorescence Emission Spectroscopy Using Acridine Orange Dye. J Fluoresc 2017; 27:2153-2158. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-017-2154-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Kim M, Cho N, Lee I. Thermographic analysis of photo-cured composite in tooth cavity. Dent Mater 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.08.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Kim A, Ahn D, Kim JY, Park KH, Cho N, Paik M. Synthesis of hapten for measuring 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, major metabolite of chlorpyrifos. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Ohoka N, Nagai K, Hattori T, Okuhira K, Shibata N, Cho N, Naito M. Cancer cell death induced by novel small molecules degrading the TACC3 protein via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1513. [PMID: 25375378 PMCID: PMC4260729 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The selective degradation of target proteins with small molecules is a novel approach to the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. We have developed a protein knockdown system with a series of hybrid small compounds that induce the selective degradation of target proteins via the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. In this study, we designed and synthesized novel small molecules called SNIPER(TACC3)s, which target the spindle regulatory protein transforming acidic coiled-coil-3 (TACC3). SNIPER(TACC3)s induce poly-ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of TACC3 and reduce the TACC3 protein level in cells. Mechanistic analysis indicated that the ubiquitin ligase APC/CCDH1 mediates the SNIPER(TACC3)-induced degradation of TACC3. Intriguingly, SNIPER(TACC3) selectively induced cell death in cancer cells expressing a larger amount of TACC3 protein than normal cells. These results suggest that protein knockdown of TACC3 by SNIPER(TACC3) is a potential strategy for treating cancers overexpressing the TACC3 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ohoka
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Health Science, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - K Nagai
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-0012, Japan
| | - T Hattori
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Health Science, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - K Okuhira
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Health Science, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - N Shibata
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Health Science, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - N Cho
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-0012, Japan
| | - M Naito
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Health Science, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
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Ohoka N, Nagai K, Okuhira K, Shibata N, Hattori T, Cho N, Naito M. 155 SNIPER(TACC3) degrades TACC3 protein via the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway and induces apoptosis in cancer cells expressing a large amount of TACC3. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)70281-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Yip F, Cho N, Yamashita D. Single, Non-Compression Superior-Lateral Border Plate in the Treatment of Mandibular Angle Fractures; a Retrospective Study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2014.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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29
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Kim S, Lim D, Cho N, Yang W. 577: Lats1 knockout mouse model recapitulating human dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50512-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wong J, Kazanzides P, Iordachita I, Jacques R, Cho N, Eslami S, Velarde E, Wang K, McNutt T. 220: Advancing the small animal radiation research platform for pre-clinical radiation research. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)34241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Koo HR, Moon WK, Cho N, Chang JM, Kang KW, Yi A. P2-09-13: The Value of FDG PET/CT in Screening Detected Breast Cancer Patients. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p2-09-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background. To evaluate the diagnostic value of FDG PET/CT for initial staging of screening detected breast cancer.
Methods. Between January 2008 and June 2010, a total of 77 women (mean age 54 years, range 31–77 years) with screening detected primary breast cancer (mean invasive tumor size 1.65cm, range 1–70mm) underwent whole body fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT for initial staging and were included in this retrospective study. Two patients had bilateral breast cancer. The sensitivity of FDG PET/CT for the detection of primary tumor and the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for the detection of axillary lymph node metastases were determined. Systemic staging with whole body FDG PET/CT was also performed. For analysis of diagnostic performance of FDG PET/CT, quantitative measurement of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) criteria 1.0 was used. The final histopathology following surgery served as the gold standard.
Results. The primary tumor was FDG PET/CT positive in 65 of 79 lesions (82%). Depending on the tumor size, there was a variation in diagnostic sensitivity (63% in ≤ 1cm tumor, n=19 vs. 88% in > 1cm tumor, n=60) and the uptake of FDG was significantly higher in > 1cm tumor than in ≤ 1cm tumor (mean SUVmax 2.85 vs. 1.11, p<0.05). The uptake of FDG was significantly higher in ductal carcinomas compared to lobular carcinomas (median SUVmax 2.0, n=72 vs. 1.3, n=7, p<0.05). Of the 77 patients included in this study, 16 patients were found to have axillary node metastasis. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of FDG PET/CT for detection of LN metastasis were 63% (10/16), 89% (54/61), 59% (10/17) and 90% (54/60), respectively. FDG PET/CT showed distant uptake in 9 patients and 8 of 9 were false positive results. 4 lesions were confirmed histopathologically as benign and 4 lesions were evaluated with radiologic methods. One of nine was true positive result. Distant involvement was skeletal and visible on the conventional bone scintigraphy. The patient staged as cT1N3M1.
Conclusion. FDG PET/CT has limited value for the initial staging of screening detected breast cancer patients. Considering high costs, radiation exposure and false positivity, FDG PET-CT is not recommended for the preoperative evaluation of screening detected breast cancer patients.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-09-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- HR Koo
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - WK Moon
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - N Cho
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - JM Chang
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - KW Kang
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - A Yi
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kim J, You J, Shin H, Ahn S, Moon HG, Cho N, Moon WK, Han W, Noh D. P2-08-12: Additional Lesion Found in Preoperative Breast MRI; Is Routine Use Justified? Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p2-08-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Preoperative breast MRI has been increasingly performed in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer due to its high sensitivity in assessing the extent and additional malignant foci. But due to it's low specificity, role of routine preoperative breast MRI has become an issue. In this study we aught to analyze the characteristics of the additional lesion found in preoperative breast MRI and to evaluate the clinicopathological factors in association with likelihood of having additional malignancy.
We retrospectively reviewed 2491 patients who undergone surgery due to breast cancer in Seoul National University Hospital(SNUH) between Jan 2006 and Dec 2010. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy cases, patients undergone initial sonography in other center or ones with prior excision were excluded and total 1068 patients were analyzed. The additional lesion was defined as the lesion not found in initial sonography and detected in preoperative breast MRI. The pathology of the additional lesion was reviewed and the association between the clinicopathologic factors and additional malignancy were evaluated. Accuracy of breast MRI was estimated regarding cancer yield, positive predictive value(PPV).
Mean age at diagnosis was 50.9 years (21 to 85 years). Overall detection rate of additional lesion was 26.2%(280 out of 1068). Mean size of the additional lesion was 9.8mm(3-51). Additional lesions consist of 99(35.4% of 280) C4 or higher, 174(62.1% of 280) below C4, 7(2.5% of 280) C0 lesions. Among them 100 patients undergone onstage surgery. 5(55% of 100) lesions were in ipsilateral breast and 45(45% of 100) in contralateral breast. Breast conserving surgery and mastectomy rate of the 100 onstage-operation group was 36% versus 64% and 64.6% versus 35.4% in total 1068 patients, showing no significant change of operation method of the primary cancer owing to additional lesion.
Among the 100 patients, 54(19.3% of 280) were benign, 3(1.1% of 280) were atypical ductal hyperplasia, 13(4.6% of 280) were in situ carcinoma, 19(6.8% of 280) were invasive carcinoma and 11(3.9% of 280) were unknown. Cancer yield was 2.99%(32 out of 1068) and PPV of preoperative breast MRI was 39.0%(31 out of 82).
In univariate analysis, young age and premenopausal patients showed to have higher rate of additional cancer found in MRI(p=0.022, p=0.036). Breast density, size and LN status of the primary cancer didn't show significancy and neither the hormone receptor status with each p value 0.705, 0.381, 0.973, 0.375 respectively. Lobular carcinoma(ILC or mixed IDC with ILC) and low grade carcinoma showed significancy of having additional malignancy (p=0.019, 0.022). In multivariate analysis age, low grade carcinoma and lobular carcinoma showed independent association with p value 0.014, 0.039, 0.035 respectively(HR 0.95, 95%CI:0.94 o 0.99),(HR 0.39, 95%CI:0.16 to 0.96),(HR 5.66, 95%CI:1.13 to 28.39).
Routine preoperative breast MRI use can result in overtreatment also with delay in surgical management. In our data, younger age, low grade carcinoma, lobular carcinoma showed independent association having additional malignant foci in breast MRI. With the basis of mammography and sonography, preoperative breast MRI should only be done when additional gain is considered to overcome the flaws.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J You
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Shin
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Ahn
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-G Moon
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - N Cho
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - W-K Moon
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - W Han
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Noh
- 1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JW, Im SA, Kim JH, Ham HS, Han HS, Kim JS, Kim TM, Han SW, Oh DY, Lee SH, Kim DW, Cho N, Moon WK, Kim TY, Park IA, Heo DS, Bang YJ. Abstract P2-09-36: Role of ABCB1 Polymorphisms as Predictive Markers in Patients with HER-2 FISH Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Who Were Treated with Taxane Plus Trastuzumab First Line Chemotherapy. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p2-09-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: ABCB1 polymorphisms could predict treatment results of taxane therapy in several malignancies. FCGR2A and FCGR3A polymorphisms were associated with clinical outcomes in several diseases after treatment with monoclonal antibody drugs which had antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity activity. These polymorphisms could be possible predictive markers after taxane plus trastuzumab (TH) chemotherapy in patients with HER-2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC).
Methods: Fifty-seven patients with HER-2 FISH positive MBC who received TH chemotherapy as the 1st-line treatment were enrolled. We analyzed 5 polymorphisms using DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells: ABCB1 1236C>T (rs1128503), ABCB1 2677G>T/A (rs2032582), ABCB1 3435C>T (rs1045642), FCGR2A 131H/R (rs1801274), and FCGR3A 158V/F (rs396991), then correlated them to treatment results of patients.
Results: Among 57 patients, 22 patients (38.6%) received weekly paclitaxel plus trastuzumab, 26 patients (45.6%) tri-weekly paclitaxel plus trastuzumab, and 9 patients (15.8%) tri-weekly docetaxel plus trastuzumab. After a median follow-up of 30.6 (range, 0.6-75.9) months, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 15.1 (95% confidence interval (CI), 10.3-19.8) months. ABCB1 2677T allele carriers had longer PFS than the others (42.1 (95% CI, 12.7-71.4) months vs. 13.0 (95% CI, 10.6-15.4) months; p=0.037) along with a tendency toward higher response rate (RR) (86.4% vs. 76.0%; p=0.470) and longer overall survival (OS) (54.7 (95% CI, 43.0-66.4) months vs. 38.9 (95% CI, 18.1-59.7) months; p=0.057). In addition, ABCB1 3435CC genotype carriers had shorter PFS than the others (13.0 (95% CI, 10.8-15.2) months vs. 19.1 (95% CI, 0.0-38.5) months; p=0.039) along with a tendency toward lower RR (78.6% vs. 100%; p=0.567) and shorter OS (38.9 (95% CI, 19.7-58.1) months vs. 54.7 (95% CI, 43.0-66.4) months; p=0.093). ABCB1 1236C>T, FCGR2A 131H/R, and FCGR3A 158V/F were not significantly associated with RR, PFS, and OS. None of these polymorphisms were associated with any grades of hematologic or cardiac toxicities.
Conclusions: Our results support that ABCB1 2677G>T/A and 3435C>T may have predictive roles after the 1st-line TH chemotherapy in patients with HER-2-positive MBC. In contrast, ABCB1 1236C>T, FCGR2A 131H/R, and FCGR3A 158V/F could not predict response after TH treatment.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-09-36.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-W Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - S-A Im
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - HS Ham
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Han
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - J-S Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - T-M Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - S-W Han
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - D-Y Oh
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - D-W Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - N Cho
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - WK Moon
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - T-Y Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - IA Park
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - DS Heo
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-J. Bang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Public Healthcare Center of Yangyang County, Yangyang, Republic of Korea
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Cho N, Ahn H, Lee Y, Kang S, Park A, Sung J, Kim Y, Kim J, Song K. 864 Evolutional epidemiology of human papillomavirus genotyping and multiplicity for the triage of Korean women with abnormal cytology by longitudinal prospective study. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71658-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Keam B, Kim H, Im S, Im S, Han S, Han S, Oh D, Oh D, Kim J, Kim J, Lee S, Lee S, Chie E, Chie E, Han W, Han W, Kim D, Kim D, Cho N, Moon W, Kim T, Kim T, Park I, Noh D, Noh D, Heo D, Heo D, Ha S, Ha S, Bang Y, Bang Y. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in RASSF1 and Clinical Outcomes of Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Docetaxel/Doxorubicin Chemotherapy. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-6061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
PurposeThe tumor suppressor gene RASSF1 (Ras association domain family member 1) regulates cell cycle, progression, apoptosis, and microtubule stability, and is inactivated by promoter hypermethylation in breast cancer. We analyzed the SNPs in RASSF1 and their predictive and prognostic value in stage II or III breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant docetaxel/doxorubicin chemotherapyMethodsA total of 139 stage II or III breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant docetaxel/doxorubicin chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. The patients received three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by curative surgery, and received additional three cycles of docetaxel/doxorubicin chemotherapy as an adjuvant. Germline DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was extracted. The genotypes were performed using Illumina GoldenGate® Assay. We analyzed 3 SNPs in RASSF1 genes: rs3213621 T>C in 3'UTR, rs2073499 G>A in intron, and rs2073498 C>A in exon 3 Ala133Ser.ResultsThe overall radiologic response rate (RR) for neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 79.8% and 10 patients (7.2%) achieved a pathologic complete remission (pCR). None of the SNPs were correlated with radiologic RR or pCR rate. SNP in intron of RASSF1 (rs2073499) was associated with relapse free survival (RFS). RFS was longer in GA/AA genotype than GG genotype (Hazard ratio [HR]=0.374, p=0.034) After adjusting age and hormone status, prognostic value of RASSF1 SNP remained significant (HR=0.393, p=0.050). Other two SNPs were not significantly associated with RFS.ConclusionsThe GA/AA genotype in SNP of RASSF1 (rs2073499) is associated with significantly longer RFS than the GG genotype. Further research is warranted to identify the biologic characteristics of RASSF1.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 6061.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Keam
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - H. Kim
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Im
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Im
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Han
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Han
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Oh
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Oh
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Kim
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Kim
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Lee
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Lee
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - E. Chie
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - E. Chie
- 3Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - W. Han
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - W. Han
- 4Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Kim
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Kim
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - N. Cho
- 5Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - W. Moon
- 5Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - T. Kim
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - T. Kim
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - I. Park
- 6Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Noh
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Noh
- 4Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Heo
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - D. Heo
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Ha
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Ha
- 3Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Y. Bang
- 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Y. Bang
- 2Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
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Moon HG, Han W, Lee J, Ko E, Kim EK, Yu JH, Kang S, Moon W, Cho N, Park IA, Oh DY, Han SW, Im SA, Noh DY. Age and HER2 expression status affect MRI accuracy in predicting residual tumor extent after neo-adjuvant systemic treatment. Ann Oncol 2009; 20:636-41. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdn683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Choi Y, Kim W, Ham W, Cho K, Cho N, Lee H, Lee J, Ju H. MP-2.12: Transurethral Layer-Section of Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Accurate T Staging and Bladder Preservation in a Selected T2 Bladder Cancer. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Seo J, Cho N, Kim H, Tsurumi T, Jang Y, Lee W, Lee S. Cell cycle arrest and lytic induction of EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cells by a histone deacetylase inhibitor, Trichostatin A. Oncol Rep 2008. [DOI: 10.3892/or.19.1.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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39
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Koo B, Cho N, Choi E, Lee J, Kim S. 286 POSTER Human papilloma virus integration begins in the tonsillar crypt and leads to the alteration of p16, EGFR, and c-myc during tumor formation. EJC Suppl 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(06)70291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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40
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Suh M, Kim K, Kim I, Cho N, Choi H, Noh S. Caregiver's burden, depression and support as predictors of post-stroke depression: a cross-sectional survey. Int J Nurs Stud 2005; 42:611-8. [PMID: 15967452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2004.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2003] [Revised: 10/08/2004] [Accepted: 10/14/2004] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
To examine the effects of caregiver's burden, depression, and support on post-stroke depression (PSD), cross-sectional data were obtained from an epidemiologic survey of 225 stroke survivors and their caregivers living in Seoul, Korea. Multivariate analyses showed that, taking the clinical status of patients into account, caregiver's burden, depression and support were related to higher PSD. Perceived burden exerts adverse effects on PSD through its influence on the depression in caregivers. Hence, the care of stroke survivors that incorporates the care of caregivers is likely to reduce the risk of post-stroke depression in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suh
- School of Nursing, Seoul National University, 28 Yeongun-dong, Jongro-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
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Park SY, Cho N, Chang I, Chung JH, Min YK, Lee MK, Kim KW, Kim SJ, Lee MS. Effect of PK11195, a peripheral benzodiazepine receptor agonist, on insulinoma cell death and insulin secretion. Apoptosis 2005; 10:537-44. [PMID: 15909116 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-005-1884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Functional role of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor on mitochondrial membrane in apoptosis and insulin secretion from insulinoma cells was studied. A prototypic peripheral benzodiazepine receptor agonist PK11195 induced insulinoma cell apoptosis, while a central benzodiazepine receptor agonist did not. Death of insulinoma cells by PK11195 was inhibited by cyclosporin A, a blocker of mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Caspase inhibitors further inhibited MIN6N8 cell death. PK11195 induced dissipation of mitochondrial potential and cytochrome c translocation to cytoplasm. PK11195 induced an increase in cytoplasmic [Ca(2+)], which was reversed by cyclosporin A. Rhod-2 staining showed decreased mitochondrial [Ca(2+)] after PK11195 treatment. PK11195 potentiated glucose-induced insulin secretion probably due to the increased cytoplasmic [Ca(2+)]. Calpain was activated following Ca(2+) release, and calpain inhibitors attenuated death of insulinoma cells by PK11195. These results suggest that PK11195 induces mitochondrial potential loss, cytochrome c translocation, increased insulin secretion in conjunction with an increase in cytoplasmic [Ca(2+)] and calpain activation, which collectively leads to apoptosis of insulinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Park
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Korea
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Cho N, Kim EK, Oh KK, Kwak JY, Son EJ. Migrated foreign body granulomas on mammography after injection in the cervicofacial area. Clin Radiol 2004; 59:835-40. [PMID: 15351250 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2004.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2003] [Revised: 03/05/2004] [Accepted: 03/08/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to describe the mammographic findings of localized foreign body granulomas in women who were injected with a foreign body in the cervicofacial area to flatten wrinkles. MATERIALS AND METHODS The teaching files of our institutions were searched, and nine mammograms of migrated foreign body granulomas located. The mammograms were analysed, including the location, shape, size, distribution and depth of the high-density nodules. All these cases had undergone sonography. RESULTS The migrated foreign body granulomas appeared bilateral (n = 6) or unilateral (n = 3), as oval or round high-density nodules, in the upper inner and/or upper central locations. The average size of the lesions was less than 5 mm in all cases. All nine sonograms showed multiple, round cystic nodules, less than 5 mm in size, with strong posterior shadowing from far upper central to the upper inner breast. Sonography of the lower neck revealed the anatomy could not be visualized due to the strong posterior shadowing in the skin and subcutaneous fat layer. CONCLUSION Migrated foreign body granulomas appeared on mammograms as localized, multiple oval or round high-density nodules, less than 0.5 cm in size, in the upper inner and/or upper central breast. Breast sonography, including the sonography of the suspected cervicofacial area, is helpful in verifying migrated foreign body granulomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cho
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Gachon Medical School, Incheon, South Korea
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Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We have shown that zinc ion (Zn2+) in secretory granules of pancreatic beta cells could act as a paracrine death effector in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. As Zn2+ has been reported to perturb glycolysis, we studied if pyruvate could inhibit Zn(2+)-mediated islet cell death in vitro and streptozotocin-induced diabetes in vivo by normalizing intracellular energy metabolism. METHODS Cell death was measured by quantitative viable cell staining and Hoechst/propidium iodide staining. ATP was measured by bioluminescence determination. Pyruvate was infused through the tail vein 1 h before streptozotocin administration. Beta-cell volume was measured by point counting of the insulin-containing cells. RESULTS Zn2+ induced classical necrosis on MIN6N8 insulinoma cells which was associated with a rapid decline of intracellular ATP levels. Pyruvate inhibited Zn(2+)-induced necrosis of insulinoma cells and depletion of intracellular ATP by Zn2+. Pyruvate did not inhibit other types of necrosis or apoptosis. Energy substrates such as oxaloacetate, alpha-ketoglutarate and succinic acid dimethylester also attenuated Zn(2+)-induced insulinoma cell death. Methylpyruvate that does not generate NAD+ in the cytoplasm or alpha-ketoisocaproate that stimulates ATP generation exclusively in mitochondria also protected insulinoma cells from Zn(2+)-induced necrosis. Pyruvate infusion inhibited the development of diabetes by protecting beta-cell mass after streptozotocin administration. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION These results indicate that pyruvate inhibits Zn(2+)-induced necrosis of beta cells in vitro by protecting intracellular ATP levels and also streptozotocin-induced diabetes in vivo where Zn2+ has been reported to act as a paracrine death effector.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Chang
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee J, Hur J, Lee P, Kim JY, Cho N, Kim SY, Kim H, Lee MS, Suk K. Dual role of inflammatory stimuli in activation-induced cell death of mouse microglial cells. Initiation of two separate apoptotic pathways via induction of interferon regulatory factor-1 and caspase-11. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:32956-65. [PMID: 11402054 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m104700200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that mouse microglial cells undergo apoptosis upon inflammatory activation and that nitric oxide (NO) is the major autocrine mediator in this process (Lee, P., Lee, J., Kim, S., Yagita, H., Lee, M. S., Kim, S. Y., Kim, H., and Suk, K. (2001) Brain Res. 892, 380-385). Here, we present evidence that interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) and caspase-11 are the essential molecules in activation-induced cell death of microglial cells. The apoptogenic action of inflammatory stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) was mediated through the induction of IRF-1 and caspase-11 expression in two separate events. Although IRF-1 was required for NO synthesis, caspase-11 induction was necessary for NO-independent apoptotic pathway. Microglial cells from IRF-1-deficient mice showed markedly decreased NO production, and they were partially resistant to apoptosis in response to LPS/IFNgamma but were sensitive to NO donor exposure. LPS/IFNgamma treatment resulted in the induction of caspase-11 followed by activation of caspase-11, -1, and -3. Inactivation of caspase-11 by the transfection of dominant-negative mutant or treatment with the caspase inhibitors rendered microglial cells partially resistant to LPS/IFNgamma-induced apoptosis. Inhibition of both NO synthesis and caspase-11 completely blocked LPS/IFNgamma-induced cytotoxicity. These results indicated that LPS/IFNgamma not only induced the production of cytotoxic NO through IRF-1 but also initiated the NO-independent apoptotic pathway through the induction of caspase-11 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyunghee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Chung SY, Ha HK, Kim JH, Kim KW, Cho N, Cho KS, Lee YS, Chung DJ, Jung HY, Yang SK, Min YI. Radiologic findings of Behçet syndrome involving the gastrointestinal tract. Radiographics 2001; 21:911-24; discussion 924-6. [PMID: 11452065 DOI: 10.1148/radiographics.21.4.g01jl19911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Behçet syndrome is characterized by the histopathologic finding of nonspecific vasculitis in multiple organs. The diagnosis is usually made on the basis of the combination of clinical signs and symptoms. This disease involves the gastrointestinal tract in 10%-50% of patients, and the terminal ileum and cecum are chiefly affected. Barium study is useful in demonstrating the characteristic radiographic features of Behçet syndrome involving the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of deep, penetrating ulcers results in a high rate of complications, such as perforation, fistula, hemorrhage, and peritonitis. Furthermore, recurrence of disease adjacent to or at the surgical anastomosis is common. Computed tomography is useful in determining the extent of the lesions and in identifying cases in which complications are likely to occur. Familiarity with the various radiologic findings of Behçet syndrome involving the gastrointestinal tract helps in making an early diagnosis, as well as in establishing an appropriate treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chung
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Poongnap-Dong, Songpa-Ku, Seoul 138-736, Korea
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Schubert D, Staiger JF, Cho N, Kötter R, Zilles K, Luhmann HJ. Layer-specific intracolumnar and transcolumnar functional connectivity of layer V pyramidal cells in rat barrel cortex. J Neurosci 2001; 21:3580-92. [PMID: 11331387 PMCID: PMC6762473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Layer V pyramidal cells in rat barrel cortex are considered to play an important role in intracolumnar and transcolumnar signal processing. However, the precise circuitry mediating this processing is still incompletely understood. Here we obtained detailed maps of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs onto the two major layer V pyramidal cell subtypes, intrinsically burst spiking (IB) and regular spiking (RS) cells, using a combination of caged glutamate photolysis, whole-cell patch-clamp recording, and three-dimensional reconstruction of biocytin-labeled cells. To excite presynaptic neurons with laminar specificity, the release of caged glutamate was calibrated and restricted to small areas of 50 x 50 microm in all cortical layers and in at least two neighboring barrel-related columns. IB cells received intracolumnar excitatory input from all layers, with the largest EPSP amplitudes originating from neurons in layers IV and VI. Prominent transcolumnar excitatory inputs were provided by presynaptic neurons also located in layers IV, V, and VI of neighboring columns. Inhibitory inputs were rare. In contrast, RS cells received distinct intracolumnar inhibitory inputs, especially from layers II/III and V. Intracolumnar excitatory inputs to RS cells were prominent from layers II-V, but relatively weak from layer VI. Conspicuous transcolumnar excitatory inputs could be evoked solely in layers IV and V. Our results show that layer V pyramidal cells are synaptically driven by presynaptic neurons located in every layer of the barrel cortex. RS cells seem to be preferentially involved in intracolumnar signal processing, whereas IB cells effectively integrate excitatory inputs across several columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Schubert
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Duesseldorf, D-40001 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Choi T, Cho N, Oh Y, Yoo M, Matsukage A, Ryu Y, Han K, Yoon J, Baek K. The DNA replication-related element (DRE)-DRE-binding factor (DREF) system may be involved in the expression of the Drosophila melanogaster TBP gene. FEBS Lett 2000; 483:71-7. [PMID: 11033359 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The TATA box binding protein (TBP) is a general transcription factor required for initiation by all three eukaryotic RNA polymerases. Previously, we found that the promoter region of the Drosophila melanogaster TBP gene contains three sequences similar to the DNA replication-related element (DRE) (5'-TATCGATA). In the present study, we found that the DRE-like sequences are also present in the promoter of the Drosophila virilis TBP gene, suggesting a role for these sequences in TBP expression. Band mobility shift assays revealed that oligonucleotides containing sequences similar to the DRE of D. melanogaster TBP gene promoter form specific complexes with a factor in a Kc cell nuclear extract and with recombinant DRE-binding factor (DREF). Furthermore, these complexes were either supershifted or diminished by monoclonal antibodies to DREF. Transient luciferase assays demonstrated that induction of mutations in two DRE-related sequences at positions -223 and -63 resulted in an extensive reduction of promoter activity. Thus, the DRE-DREF system appears to be involved in the expression of the D. melanogaster TBP gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Choi
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, South Korea
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Cho N, Oshima I, Takahashi K. [A study of the guideline of case management for persons with mental disorders analyzed with fidelity index. The conditions of effective implementation]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2000; 47:411-20. [PMID: 10860387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examines the condition of effective case management based on the guideline of case management for persons with mental disorders. METHODS A total of 295 clients were admitted to a case management trial for about 2 months. A fidelity index of program implementation and outcome measures of case management were developed. The relationship between implementation of critical program components measured by fidelity index, and outcome was analyzed. RESULTS Fidelity Index was significantly correlated with outcome measures of clients, staffs and the care system. Effective but not-easily-feasible elements of program were having case-conference, application, of informal support and development of services. CONCLUSION It is necessary to facilitate application of informal support with liaison with public health nurses, to standardize case-conference and to place development of care services in the core of programs for ensuring effective implementation of case management for persons with mental disorders in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cho
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Tokyo Institute of Psychiatry
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Oh Y, Lee C, Baek K, Kim W, Yoon J, Han K, Cho N. An element with palindromic structure is required for the expression of TBP (TATA box-binding protein) gene in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Cells 1999; 9:673-7. [PMID: 10672937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously we showed that the 5'-flanking regions between -261 and -207 of the Drosophila melanogaster TBP (TATA box binding protein) gene is important for its expression. We further made serial deletion mutants in this region and analyzed their promoter activities using the transient transfection assay. We found that the 16 bp deletion from -261 to -245 greatly reduces the promoter activity of the Drosophila TBP gene. The 16 bp DNA element contains half of a 11 bp long palindromic sequence, CTTTT-GAAAAG. Disruption of the palindromic sequence by site-directed mutagenesis severely affected promoter activity. In addition, the electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that the oligonucleotide containing the palindromic sequence can make specific DNA/protein complexes when it was mixed with the Drosophila nuclear extract, suggesting that it interacts with nuclear protein(s). Our data suggest that the palindromic sequence has a critical role in the expression of the Drosophila TBP gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Oh
- Department and Institute of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
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Naoi Y, Maehara T, Cho N, Katayama H. Stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases using a linac system: evaluation of initial local response by imaging. Radiat Med 1999; 17:311-5. [PMID: 10510905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We analyzed the efficacy of initial local response of MBT by imaging obtained within two months after treatment, to determine if there are factors that may be important for the initial local response of the disease. If an earlier local tumor response can be expected from SRS, patients with a poor prognosis should be treated with this modality. METHODS Thirty-six patients with 59 lesions were treated by linac radiosurgery. The primary tumor, peripheral dose, tumor volume, and CT enhancement pattern of the tumor before treatment (homogeneous or ring-enhancing) were chosen as factors related to local tumor response and were used in the statistical analysis. RESULTS 1) The initial local response of radiation-resistant tumors to conventional EBRT was worse than that of other tumors. The initial local responses of MBT from breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma, and pulmonary carcinoma were good. 2) Excluding radioresistant tumors, the cases irradiated at 25 Gy or more tended to show good local control. 3) No statistically significant differences were found between local response and factors such as the enhancement pattern and tumor volume in the analysis of MBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Naoi
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
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