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KANDA T, AKASHI N, KAWAMURA N, NEKI Y, OSUMI M, SUGINO R, IWASAKI H, KADOWAKI Y, ITOI T. Effect of fentanyl constant-rate infusions with or without medetomidine on the minimum infusion rate of propofol required to prevent motor movement in dogs. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:266-271. [PMID: 38267038 PMCID: PMC10963098 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Propofol is a potential injectable anesthetic agent used in total intravenous anesthesia. However, the sparing effect of fentanyl and medetomidine on the required propofol dose in dogs remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of fentanyl constant-rate infusion (CRI) with or without medetomidine on the minimum infusion rate of propofol required to prevent motor movement (MIRNM) in dogs. Six healthy purpose-bred dogs were anesthetized on three occasions with propofol alone (loading dose [LD], 8 mg/kg to effect; initial infusion rate [IR], 0.70 mg/kg/min); propofol (LD, 6 mg/kg to effect; IR, 0.35 mg/kg/min) and fentanyl (LD, 2 µg/kg; IR, 0.10 µg/kg/min); or propofol (LD, 4 mg/kg to effect; IR, 0.25 mg/kg/min), fentanyl (LD, 2 µg/kg; IR, 0.10 µg/kg/min), and medetomidine (LD, 2 µg/kg; IR, 0.5 µg/kg/hr) under controlled ventilation. The MIRNM was determined by observing the response to a noxious electrical stimulus. Heart rate, blood pressure, and blood gas analyses were performed at 1, 2, 3, and 4 hr after initiating CRI. The MIRNM (mean [range]) was significantly lower in the propofol-fentanyl-medetomidine group (0.16 [0.10-0.27] mg/kg/min) than that in the propofol-alone group (0.63 [0.47-0.82] mg/kg/min) (P=0.0004). Fentanyl combined with medetomidine did not significantly decrease the mean arterial pressure in dogs receiving propofol CRI 1-3 hr after initiating CRI compared with propofol CRI alone (P>0.9999, P=0.1536, and P=0.0596, respectively), despite inducing a significantly lower heart rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teppei KANDA
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan
- Department of Comparative Animal Science, College of Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and the Arts, Okayama, Japan
| | - Natsuki AKASHI
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan
| | - Nanako KAWAMURA
- Department of Comparative Animal Science, College of Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and the Arts, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuna NEKI
- Department of Comparative Animal Science, College of Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and the Arts, Okayama, Japan
| | - Miho OSUMI
- Department of Comparative Animal Science, College of Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and the Arts, Okayama, Japan
| | - Reina SUGINO
- Department of Comparative Animal Science, College of Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and the Arts, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hana IWASAKI
- Department of Comparative Animal Science, College of Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and the Arts, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yumi KADOWAKI
- Department of Comparative Animal Science, College of Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and the Arts, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takamasa ITOI
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan
- Department of Comparative Animal Science, College of Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and the Arts, Okayama, Japan
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Abstract
In the eggs of four species of echinoderms, Mespilia globulus, Pseudocentrotus depressus, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus and Clypeaster japonicus, changes in the distribution of protein-bound SH groups from fertilization to the 2 cell stage have been studied cytochemically by use of a mercaptide-forming azo dye. In the eggs of these species, the color intensity in the cytoplasm increased upon fertilization. The astral centers and spindle during mitosis were stained deeply. When the aster formation was suppressed by ether, hyaline spots appeared in the egg cytoplasm instead of well formed astral centers and these spots were stained by the SH-specific dye. Upon recovery of such eggs in pure sea water, and when cleavage ensued, such spots disappeared and two new astral centers were reorganized. The SH-protein occurring in the centrosphere is considered to be the precursor material for the asters and spindle, and this material is apparently derived from the cytoplasm.
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OKADA K, MIYOSHI I, KAWAMURA N, SATO M. Studies on leukemogenesis by cell-free filtrates of AKR mouse leukemia. Nihon Ketsueki Gakkai Zasshi 1962; 25:1-11. [PMID: 14481486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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