1
|
Wild KT, Conlin L, Blair J, Manfredi M, Hamilton TE, Muir A, Zackai EH, Nace G, Partridge EA, Devine M, Reynolds T, Rintoul NE, Hedrick HL, Spinner N, Krantz ID. Genomic Contributors to Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula: A 12 Year Retrospective Review. J Pediatr 2024; 271:114060. [PMID: 38641166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.114060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate genetic testing utilization and diagnostic yield in infants with esophageal atresia (EA)/tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) over the past 12 years to inform future practices and individualize prognostication and management. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective cohort study was performed for all infants with EA or EA/TEF hospitalized between January 2011 and January 2023 at a quaternary children's hospital. For each infant, demographic information, prenatal and postnatal history, and genetic testing were reviewed. RESULTS There were 212 infants who were classified as follows: 1) complex/syndromic with EA/TEF plus an additional major anatomic anomaly (n = 114, of which 74 met VACTERL criteria); 2) isolated/nonsyndromic EA/TEF (n = 88) and 3) isolated/nonsyndromic EA (n = 10). A range of genetic tests were sent with varying diagnostic rates including karyotype analysis in 12 (all with complex/syndromic phenotypes and all positive), chromosomal microarray analysis in 189 (114 of whom were complex/syndromic with an overall diagnostic rate of 3/189), single gene testing for CHD7 in 18 (4 positive), and exome analysis in 37 complex/syndromic patients (8 positive). CONCLUSIONS EA/TEF with and without additional anomalies is genetically heterogeneous with a broad range of associated phenotypes. While the genetic etiology of EA/TEF with or without VACTERL remains largely unknown, genome wide testing (exome or genome) including copy number analysis is recommended over chromosomal microarray testing. We anticipate that expanded genetic/genomic testing modalities such as RNA sequencing and tissue specific molecular testing are needed in this cohort to improve our understanding of the genomic contributors to EA/TEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Taylor Wild
- Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Human Genetics, Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Laura Conlin
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Justin Blair
- Division of Human Genetics, Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael Manfredi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Thomas E Hamilton
- Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic, and Fetal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Amanda Muir
- Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Elaine H Zackai
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Gary Nace
- Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic, and Fetal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Emily A Partridge
- Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic, and Fetal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Matthew Devine
- Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Tom Reynolds
- Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic, and Fetal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Natalie E Rintoul
- Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Holly L Hedrick
- Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic, and Fetal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nancy Spinner
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ian D Krantz
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Human Genetics, Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hatim O, Pavlinov I, Xu M, Linask K, Beers J, Liu C, Baumgärtel K, Gilbert M, Spinner N, Chen C, Zou J, Zheng W. Generation of an Alagille syndrome (ALGS) patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell line (TRNDi032-A) carrying a heterozygous mutation (p.Cys682Leufs*7) in the JAG1 gene. Stem Cell Res 2023; 73:103231. [PMID: 37890331 PMCID: PMC10842201 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is an autosomal dominant, multisystemic disorder due to haploinsufficiency in either the JAG1 gene (ALGS type 1) or the NOTCH2 gene (ALGS type 2). The disease has been difficult to diagnose and treat due to its muti-system clinical presentation, variable expressivity, and prenatal onset for some of the features. The generation of this iPSC line (TRNDi032-A) carrying a heterozygous mutation, p.Cys682Leufs*7 (c.2044dup), in the JAG1 gene provides a means of studying the disease and developing novel therapeutics towards patient treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omer Hatim
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ivan Pavlinov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Miao Xu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kaari Linask
- iPSC Core, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeanette Beers
- iPSC Core, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Transgenic Core, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karsten Baumgärtel
- Travere Therapeutics, 3611 Valley Centre Drive, Suite 300, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Gilbert
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nancy Spinner
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Catherine Chen
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jizhong Zou
- iPSC Core, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Leung DH, Devaraj S, Goodrich NP, Chen X, Rajapakshe D, Ye W, Andreev V, Minard CG, Guffey D, Molleston JP, Bass LM, Karpen SJ, Kamath BM, Wang KS, Sundaram SS, Rosenthal P, McKiernan P, Loomes KM, Jensen MK, Horslen SP, Bezerra JA, Magee JC, Merion RM, Sokol RJ, Shneider BL, Alonso E, Bass L, Kelly S, Riordan M, Melin-Aldana H, Bezerra J, Bove K, Heubi J, Miethke A, Tiao G, Denlinger J, Chapman E, Sokol R, Feldman A, Mack C, Narkewicz M, Suchy F, Sundaram SS, Van Hove J, Garcia B, Kauma M, Kocher K, Steinbeiss M, Lovell M, Loomes KM, Piccoli D, Rand E, Russo P, Spinner N, Erlichman J, Stalford S, Pakstis D, King S, Squires R, Sindhi R, Venkat V, Bukauskas K, McKiernan P, Haberstroh L, Squires J, Rosenthal P, Bull L, Curry J, Langlois C, Kim G, Teckman J, Kociela V, Nagy R, Patel S, Cerkoski J, Molleston JP, Bozic M, Subbarao G, Klipsch A, Sawyers C, Cummings O, Horslen SP, Murray K, Hsu E, Cooper K, Young M, Finn L, Kamath BM, Ng V, Quammie C, Putra J, Sharma D, Parmar A, Guthery S, Jensen K, Rutherford A, Lowichik A, Book L, Meyers R, Hall T, Wang KS, Michail S, Thomas D, Goodhue C, Kohli R, Wang L, Soufi N, Thomas D, Karpen S, Gupta N, Romero R, Vos MB, Tory R, Berauer JP, Abramowsky C, McFall J, Shneider BL, Harpavat S, Hertel P, Leung D, Tessier M, Schady D, Cavallo L, Olvera D, Banks C, Tsai C, Thompson R, Doo E, Hoofnagle J, Sherker A, Torrance R, Hall S, Magee J, Merion R, Spino C, Ye W. Serum biomarkers correlated with liver stiffness assessed in a multicenter study of pediatric cholestatic liver disease. Hepatology 2023; 77:530-545. [PMID: 36069569 PMCID: PMC10151059 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Detailed investigation of the biological pathways leading to hepatic fibrosis and identification of liver fibrosis biomarkers may facilitate early interventions for pediatric cholestasis. APPROACH AND RESULTS A targeted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based panel of nine biomarkers (lysyl oxidase, tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1, connective tissue growth factor [CTGF], IL-8, endoglin, periostin, Mac-2-binding protein, MMP-3, and MMP-7) was examined in children with biliary atresia (BA; n = 187), alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (A1AT; n = 78), and Alagille syndrome (ALGS; n = 65) and correlated with liver stiffness (LSM) and biochemical measures of liver disease. Median age and LSM were 9 years and 9.5 kPa. After adjusting for covariates, there were positive correlations among LSM and endoglin ( p = 0.04) and IL-8 ( p < 0.001) and MMP-7 ( p < 0.001) in participants with BA. The best prediction model for LSM in BA using clinical and lab measurements had an R2 = 0.437; adding IL-8 and MMP-7 improved R2 to 0.523 and 0.526 (both p < 0.0001). In participants with A1AT, CTGF and LSM were negatively correlated ( p = 0.004); adding CTGF to an LSM prediction model improved R2 from 0.524 to 0.577 ( p = 0.0033). Biomarkers did not correlate with LSM in ALGS. A significant number of biomarker/lab correlations were found in participants with BA but not those with A1AT or ALGS. CONCLUSIONS Endoglin, IL-8, and MMP-7 significantly correlate with increased LSM in children with BA, whereas CTGF inversely correlates with LSM in participants with A1AT; these biomarkers appear to enhance prediction of LSM beyond clinical tests. Future disease-specific investigations of change in these biomarkers over time and as predictors of clinical outcomes will be important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Leung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Sridevi Devaraj
- Department of Pathology and Immunology , Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Nathan P Goodrich
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Xinpu Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology , Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Deepthi Rajapakshe
- Department of Pathology and Immunology , Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Wen Ye
- Department of Biostatistics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Victor Andreev
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Charles G Minard
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Danielle Guffey
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Jean P Molleston
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics , Riley Hospital for Children , Indiana University , Indianapolis , Indiana , USA
| | - Lee M Bass
- Department of Pediatrics , Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Saul J Karpen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Binita M Kamath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition , Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Kasper S Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery , Children's Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California , USA
| | - Shikha S Sundaram
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition , Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora , Colorado , USA
| | - Philip Rosenthal
- Department of Pediatrics , University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , California , USA
| | - Patrick McKiernan
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition , Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh , Pittsburg , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Kathleen M Loomes
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics , The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - M Kyle Jensen
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA
| | - Simon P Horslen
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition , Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle , Washington , USA
| | - Jorge A Bezerra
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition , Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
| | - John C Magee
- University of Michigan Hospitals and Health Centers , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Robert M Merion
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Ronald J Sokol
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition , Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora , Colorado , USA
| | - Benjamin L Shneider
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas , USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bass LM, Ye W, Hawthorne K, Leung DH, Murray KF, Molleston JP, Romero R, Karpen S, Rosenthal P, Loomes KM, Wang KS, Squires RH, Miethke A, Ng VL, Horslen S, Kyle Jensen M, Sokol RJ, Magee JC, Shneider BL, Bass L, Kelly S, Riordan M, Melin‐Aldana H, Bezerra J, Bove K, Heubi J, Miethke A, Tiao G, Denlinger J, Chapman E, Sokol R, Feldman A, Mack C, Narkewicz M, Suchy F, Sundaram S, Van Hove J, Garcia B, Kauma M, Kocher K, Steinbeiss M, Lovell M, Loomes K, Piccoli D, Rand E, Russo P, Spinner N, Erlichman J, Stalford S, Pakstis D, King S, Squires R, Sindhi R, Venkat V, Bukauskas K, McKiernan P, Haberstroh L, Squires J, Rosenthal P, Bull L, Curry J, Langlois C, Kim G, Teckman J, Kociela V, Nagy R, Patel S, Cerkoski J, Molleston JP, Bozic M, Subbarao G, Klipsch A, Sawyers C, Cummings O, Horslen S, Murray K, Hsu E, Cooper K, Young M, Finn L, Kamath B, Ng V, Quammie C, Putra J, Sharma D, Parmar A, Guthery S, Jensen K, Rutherford A, Lowichik A, Book L, Meyers R, Hall T, Wang K, Michail S, Thomas D, Goodhue C, Kohli R, Wang L, Soufi N, Thomas D, Karpen S, Gupta N, Romero R, Vos MB, Tory R, Berauer J, Abramowsky C, McFall J, Shneider B, Harpavat S, Hertel P, Leung D, Tessier M, Schady D, Cavallo L, Olvera D, Banks C, Tsai C, Thompson R, Doo E, Hoofnagle J, Sherker A, Torrance R, Hall S, Magee J, Merion R, Spino C, Ye W. Risk of variceal hemorrhage and pretransplant mortality in children with biliary atresia. Hepatology 2022; 76:712-726. [PMID: 35271743 PMCID: PMC9378352 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The natural history of gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage (VH) in biliary atresia (BA) is not well characterized. We analyzed risk factors, incidence, and outcomes of VH in a longitudinal multicenter study. APPROACH AND RESULTS Participants enrolled in either an incident (Prospective Database of Infants with Cholestasis [PROBE]) or prevalent (Biliary Atresia Study of Infants and Children [BASIC]) cohort of BA were included. Variceal hemorrhage (VH) was defined based on gastrointestinal bleeding in the presence of varices accompanied by endoscopic or nontransplant surgical intervention. Cumulative incidence of VH and transplant-free survival was compared based on features of portal hypertension (e.g., splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia) and clinical parameters at baseline in each cohort (PROBE: 1.5 to 4.5 months after hepatoportoenterostomy [HPE]; BASIC: at enrollment > 3 years of age). Analyses were conducted on 869 children with BA enrolled between June 2004 and December 2020 (521 in PROBE [262 (51%) with a functioning HPE] and 348 in BASIC). The overall incidence of first observed VH at 5 years was 9.4% (95% CI: 7.0-12.4) in PROBE and 8.0% (5.2-11.5) in BASIC. Features of portal hypertension, platelet count, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin, and AST-to-platelet ratio index at baseline were associated with an increased risk of subsequent VH in both cohorts. Transplant-free survival at 5 years was 45.1% (40.5-49.6) in PROBE and 79.2% (74.1-83.4) in BASIC. Two (2.5%) of 80 participants who had VH died, whereas 10 (12.5%) underwent transplant within 6 weeks of VH. CONCLUSIONS The low risk of VH and associated mortality in children with BA needs to be considered in decisions related to screening for varices and primary prophylaxis of VH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lee M Bass
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wen Ye
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kieran Hawthorne
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel H Leung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Karen F Murray
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Hepatology, Seattle Children's Hospital and the University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington State, USA
| | - Jean P Molleston
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rene Romero
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Saul Karpen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Philip Rosenthal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kathleen M Loomes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kasper S Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Robert H Squires
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander Miethke
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Vicky L Ng
- Division of GI, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon Horslen
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington State, USA
| | - M Kyle Jensen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ronald J Sokol
- Department of Pediatrics-Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - John C Magee
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Benjamin L Shneider
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Carson JC, Hoffner L, Conlin L, Parks WT, Fisher RA, Spinner N, Yatsenko SA, Bonadio J, Surti U. Diploid/triploid mixoploidy: A consequence of asymmetric zygotic segregation of parental genomes. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:2720-2732. [PMID: 30302900 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.40646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Triploidy is the presence of an extra haploid set of chromosomes and can exist in complete or mosaic form. The extra haploid set of chromosomes in triploid cells can be of maternal or paternal origin. Diploid/triploid mixoploidy is a unique form of triploid mosaicism that requires the aberrant segregation of entire parental genomes into distinct blastomere lineages (heterogoneic cell division) at the earliest zygotic divisions. Here we report on eight cases of diploid/triploid mixoploidy from our institution and conduct a comprehensive review of the literature. The parental origin of the extra set of chromosomes was determined in two cases; and, based on phenotypic evidence we propose the parental origin in the other cases. One case with complex mixoploidy appears to have a digynic origin in addition to the involvement of two different sperm. Of our eight cases, only one resulted in the birth of a live healthy child. The other pregnancies ended in miscarriage, elective termination of pregnancy, intrauterine fetal demise or neonatal death. A review of the literature and the results of our cases show that a preponderance of recognized cases of diploid/triploid mixoploidy has a digynic origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Carson
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lori Hoffner
- Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura Conlin
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,The Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - W Tony Parks
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rosemary A Fisher
- Trophoblastic Tumour Screening and Treatment Centre, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nancy Spinner
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,The Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Svetlana A Yatsenko
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey Bonadio
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Urvashi Surti
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gibson KM, Nesbitt A, Cao K, Yu Z, Denenberg E, DeChene E, Guan Q, Bhoj E, Zhou X, Zhang B, Wu C, Dubbs H, Wilkens A, Medne L, Bedoukian E, White PS, Pennington J, Luo M, Conlin L, Monos D, Sarmady M, Marsh E, Zackai E, Spinner N, Krantz I, Deardorff M, Santani A. Correction: Novel findings with reassessment of exome data: implications for validation testing and interpretation of genomic data. Genet Med 2018; 20:1486. [PMID: 29419820 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2018.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the published version of this article, the name of the 18th author was misspelled as Minjie Lou. The correct name is Minjie Luo. The authors regret the error.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin McDonald Gibson
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Addie Nesbitt
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kajia Cao
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zhenming Yu
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth Denenberg
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth DeChene
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qiaoning Guan
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bhoj
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Bo Zhang
- BGI@CHOP, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chao Wu
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Holly Dubbs
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alisha Wilkens
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Livija Medne
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emma Bedoukian
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Peter S White
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey Pennington
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Minjie Luo
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura Conlin
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dimitri Monos
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mahdi Sarmady
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eric Marsh
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennslyvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elaine Zackai
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nancy Spinner
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ian Krantz
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matt Deardorff
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Avni Santani
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gibson KM, Nesbitt A, Cao K, Yu Z, Denenberg E, DeChene E, Guan Q, Bhoj E, Zhou X, Zhang B, Wu C, Dubbs H, Wilkens A, Medne L, Bedoukian E, White PS, Pennington J, Lou M, Conlin L, Monos D, Sarmady M, Marsh E, Zackai E, Spinner N, Krantz I, Deardorff M, Santani A. Correction: Novel findings with reassessment of exome data: implications for validation testing and interpretation of genomic data. Genet Med 2018; 20:1298. [PMID: 30377334 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the published version of this article, the degree of author Bo Zhang was incorrectly listed as PhD. The correct degree is BS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin McDonald Gibson
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Addie Nesbitt
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kajia Cao
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zhenming Yu
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth Denenberg
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth DeChene
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qiaoning Guan
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bhoj
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Bo Zhang
- BGI@CHOP, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chao Wu
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Holly Dubbs
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alisha Wilkens
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Livija Medne
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emma Bedoukian
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Peter S White
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey Pennington
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Minjie Lou
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura Conlin
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dimitri Monos
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mahdi Sarmady
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eric Marsh
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennslyvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elaine Zackai
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nancy Spinner
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ian Krantz
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matt Deardorff
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Avni Santani
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fan J, Mulchandani S, Dulik M, Chen J, Gleason A, Jayaraman P, Sarmady M, Zackai E, Luo M, Spinner N, Conlin L. Assessing Copy Number Variants Involving ACMGG Secondary Finding Genes Identified by Routine Chromosomal SNP Array in a Clinical Pediatric Population. Cancer Genet 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
9
|
Tilib Shamoun S, Le Friec G, Spinner N, Kemper C, Baker AJ. Immune dysregulation in Alagille syndrome: A new feature of the evolving phenotype. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2015; 39:566-9. [PMID: 26026399 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a rare autosomal dominant, multi-system disease caused by mutations in one of two NOTCH signaling pathway genes. Mutations in JAG1 are found in more than 94% of patients, with associated Jagged1 defects. We previously showed that CD46, which is a complement and immune regulator, regulates NOTCH expression during T cell activation after binding to C3b/C4b. We have identified 25% of our ALGS cohort with frequent infections and studied a subgroup of 4 in detail who were not showing current features of infections in order to show if Jagged1 abnormalities could affect immune function. We used cytometric bead arrays and FACS to measure cytokines and cell membrane expression. Resting and activated T cells were studied in both low and high IL-2 concentration to assess the TH1 ability to shift from INFγ to IL-10 production. In vitro initial PBMC cell population and subpopulation assessment were normal but further assessment of the lymphocytes revealed that while NOTCH1 expression and regulation was normal on resting TH1, Jagged1 expression was exaggerated. Resting TH1 cells from some patients exhibited high CD132 levels. Upon activating T cells, TH1 cells managed to produce TNF but failed to produce sufficient IFNγ levels (in two patients TH1 produced no IFNγ). TH2 exhibited exaggerated response with high IL-4 and IL-5 levels. TH1 were unable to down-regulate CD127, resulting in prolonged immune activation, and failed to shift from IFNγ to IL-10 production maintaining high IL-2 levels suggesting an impaired T cell response. Disturbed CD46-Jagged1 interaction may explain recurrent infections among ALGS patients, and could predispose to Th2-driven conditions such as asthma, eczema, food allergies and airway atopy and otitis media. The ALGS description could now be extended to include immune dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Tilib Shamoun
- King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - G Le Friec
- MRC Center for Transplantation, Guys' Hospital, King's College London, 5th Floor Tower Wing, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - N Spinner
- Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615, Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia 19104-4318, PA, United States
| | - C Kemper
- MRC Center for Transplantation, Guys' Hospital, King's College London, 5th Floor Tower Wing, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - A J Baker
- King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin HC, Falsey A, Krantz I, Spinner N. Alagille Syndrome. CONGENIT HEART DIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1159/000375213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
11
|
Foley AR, Hu Y, Zou Y, Yang M, Medne L, Leach M, Conlin LK, Spinner N, Shaikh TH, Falk M, Neumeyer AM, Bliss L, Tseng BS, Winder TL, Bönnemann CG. Large genomic deletions: a novel cause of Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. Ann Neurol 2011; 69:206-11. [PMID: 21280092 DOI: 10.1002/ana.22283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two mutational mechanisms are known to underlie Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD): heterozygous dominant negatively-acting mutations and recessively-acting loss-of-function mutations. We describe large genomic deletions on chromosome 21q22.3 as a novel type of mutation underlying recessively inherited UCMD in 2 families. Clinically unaffected parents carrying large genomic deletions of COL6A1and COL6A2also provide conclusive evidence that haploinsufficiency for COL6A1and COL6A2is not a disease mechanism for Bethlem myopathy. Our findings have important implications for the genetic evaluation of patients with collagen VI-related myopathies as well as for potential therapeutic interventions for this patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Reghan Foley
- Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Foley A, Hu Y, Zou Y, Yang M, Medne L, Leach M, Conlin L, Spinner N, Shaikh T, Neumeyer A, Bliss L, Winder T, Bönnemann C. P1.11 Large genomic deletions as a novel type of mutation in Ullrich CMD. Neuromuscul Disord 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2010.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
13
|
|
14
|
Anbari KK, Ierardi-Curto LA, Silber JS, Asada N, Spinner N, Zackai EH, Belasco J, Morrissette JD, Dormans JP. Two primary osteosarcomas in a patient with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2000:213-23. [PMID: 10986997 DOI: 10.1097/00003086-200009000-00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Rothmund-Thomson syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by poikilodermatous skin changes that develop in infancy. Associated manifestations include juvenile cataracts, sparse hair, short stature, skeletal defects, dystrophic nails and teeth, and hypogonadism. An increased incidence of malignancy, including osteosarcoma, has been reported in patients with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome. The molecular basis of the disorder is not known. This report describes a patient with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome in whom two primary osteosarcomas developed 12 years apart. The presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of osteosarcoma in this patient with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome are described. Cytogenetic and molecular analysis of peripheral blood and skin fibroblasts had low level mosaicism for trisomy of chromosomes 2 and 8. Although several patients have been described with mosaic trisomy 8 and i(2q) (mosaic isochromosome for the long arm of chromosome 2), the patient described here is the first to have mosaic trisomy for the entire chromosomes 2 and 8. The cytogenetic findings in this patient are consistent with an underlying defect in chromosomal stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Anbari
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wright TJ, Ricke DO, Denison K, Abmayr S, Cotter PD, Hirschhorn K, Keinänen M, McDonald-McGinn D, Somer M, Spinner N, Yang-Feng T, Zackai E, Altherr MR. A transcript map of the newly defined 165 kb Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome critical region. Hum Mol Genet 1997; 6:317-24. [PMID: 9063753 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/6.2.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a multiple malformation syndrome characterised by mental and developmental defects resulting from the absence of a segment of one chromosome 4 short arm (4p16.3). Due to the complex and variable expression of this disorder, it is thought that the WHS is a contiguous gene syndrome with an undefined number of genes contributing to the phenotype. In an effort to identify genes that contribute to human development and whose absence results in this syndrome, we have utilised a series of landmark cosmids to characterise a collection of WHS patient derived cell lines. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation with these cosmids was used to refine the WHS critical region (WHSCR) to 260 kb. The genomic sequence of this region is available and analysis of this sequence through BLAST detected several cDNA clones in the dbEST data base. A total of nine independent cDNAs, and their predicted translation products, from this analysis show no significant similarity to members of DNA or protein databases. Furthermore, these genes have been localised within the WHS critical region and reveal an interesting pattern of transcriptional organisation. A previously published report of a patient with proximal 4p- syndrome further refines the WHSCR to 165 kb defined by the loci D4S166 and D4S3327. This work provides the starting point to understand how multiple genes or other mechanisms can contribute to the complex phenotype associated with the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T J Wright
- Life Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Callen DF, Eyre H, Lane S, Shen Y, Hansmann I, Spinner N, Zackai E, McDonald-McGinn D, Schuffenhauer S, Wauters J. High resolution mapping of interstitial long arm deletions of chromosome 16: relationship to phenotype. J Med Genet 1993; 30:828-32. [PMID: 8230159 PMCID: PMC1016564 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.30.10.828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The breakpoints of seven interstitial deletions of the long arm of chromosome 16 and two ring chromosomes of this chromosome were mapped by in situ hybridisation or by analysis of mouse/human somatic cell hybrids containing the deleted chromosome 16. Use of a high resolution cytogenetic based physical map of chromosome 16 enabled breakpoints to be assigned to an average resolution of at least 1.6 Mb. In general, interstitial deletions involving q12 or q22.1 have broadly similar phenotypes though there are differences in specific abnormalities. Deletions involving regions more distal, from 16q22.1 to 16q24.1, were associated with relatively mild dysmorphism. One region of the long arm, q24.2 to q24.3, was not involved in any deletion, either in this study or in any previous report. Presumably, monosomy for this region is lethal. In contrast, patients with deletions of 16q21 have a normal phenotype. These results are consistent with the proposed distribution of genes, frequent in telomeric Giesma light band regions but infrequent in G positive bands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D F Callen
- Department of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Schnur RE, Herzberg AJ, Spinner N, Kant JA, Magnusson M, McDonald-McGinn D, Rehberg K, Honig PJ, Zackai EH. Variability in the Michelin tire syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0190-9622(93)70056-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
18
|
Schnur RE, Herzberg AJ, Spinner N, Kant JA, Magnusson M, McDonald-McGinn D, Rehberg K, Honig PJ, Zackai EH. Variability in the Michelin tire syndrome. A child with multiple anomalies, smooth muscle hamartoma, and familial paracentric inversion of chromosome 7q. J Am Acad Dermatol 1993; 28:364-70. [PMID: 8436660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We describe a 2 1/2-year-old boy who has hirsutism and ringed creases of the extremities associated with an underlying smooth muscle hamartoma. Cutaneous findings in this child resemble those in other reports of the "Michelin tire syndrome." Histologic examination showed numerous well-demarcated fascicles of smooth muscle cells randomly distributed at all levels of the reticular dermis with haphazard orientation. These cells were immunoreactive with desmin, which confirmed their smooth muscle nature. In addition to the skin changes, this child has multiple unusual phenotypic anomalies, some of which have not previously been associated with the Michelin tire syndrome. These include distinctive facial dysmorphia, submucous cleft palate, lateral clefting of the mouth, genital, and dental anomalies. He also developed seizures at age 2 1/2 years and has moderate developmental delay. The patient and his mother have apparently identical paracentric inversions of the long arm of chromosome 7 (46,XY,inv(7)(q22q31.3) with no detectable loss or gain of either chromosomal material or DNA markers from the cystic fibrosis (CFTR) region. The relevance, if any, of the karyotypic abnormality to the phenotype in this child is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E Schnur
- Division of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Danielsor KG, Damjanov A, McEldrew D, Damjanov I, Alston JT, Daskal I, Roling DB, Spinner N. Human colon carcinoma cell lines from the primary tumor and a lymph node metastasis. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 1992; 28A:7-10. [PMID: 1730573 DOI: 10.1007/bf02631073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
20
|
Lieberburg I, Spinner N, Snyder S, Anderson J, Goldgaber D, Smulowitz M, Carroll Z, Emanuel B, Breitner J, Rubin L. Cloning of a cDNA encoding the rat high molecular weight neurofilament peptide (NF-H): developmental and tissue expression in the rat, and mapping of its human homologue to chromosomes 1 and 22. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1989; 86:2463-7. [PMID: 2928342 PMCID: PMC286933 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.7.2463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofilaments (NFs) are the intermediate filaments specific to nervous tissue. They are probably essential to the tensile strength of the neuron, as well as to transport of molecules and organelles within the axon. Three peptides with apparent molecular masses of approximately 68 (NF-L), 145 (NF-M), and 200 (NF-H) kDa appear to be the major components of NF. The expression of these peptides is specific to nervous tissue and is developmentally regulated. Recently, complete cDNAs encoding NF-L and NF-M, and partial cDNAs encoding NF-H, have been described. To better understand the normal and pathophysiology of NFs we chose to clone the cDNA encoding the rat NF-H peptide. Using monoclonal antibodies that recognized NF-H, we screened a rat brain lambda gt11 library and identified a clone that contained a 2100-nucleotide cDNA insert representing the carboxyl-terminal portion of the NF-H protein. Anti-fusion protein antibodies recognized the NF-H peptide on immunoblots and stained fibrillar structures only in neurons. The cDNA recognized a 4500-nucleotide polyadenylated mRNA that was present only in nervous tissue and a 3500-nucleotide mRNA in adrenal. Brain NF-H mRNA levels were tightly developmentally regulated and paralleled the levels of NF-H peptide on immunoblots. Nuclear runoff studies showed that the 20-fold developmental increase in the NF-H message was due only in part to a 4-fold increase in its transcription rate. Levels of NF-H mRNA varied 20-fold among brain regions, with highest levels in pons/medulla, spinal cord, and cerebellum, and lowest levels in olfactory bulb and hypothalamus. Transcription studies revealed only a 2-fold difference in the transcription rates among these brain regions. Based on these results, we infer that half of the developmental increase and most of the interregional variation in the levels of the NF-H mRNA are mediated through message stabilization. Sequence information revealed that the carboxyl-terminal region of the NF-H peptide contained a unique serine-, proline-, alanine-, glutamic acid-, and lysine-rich repeat. The serine residues are likely sites of phosphorylation in the mature peptide. Genomic blots revealed a single copy of the gene in the rat genome and two copies in the human genome. In situ hybridizations performed on human chromosomes mapped the NF-H gene to chromosomes 1 and 22. Whether one copy is a pseudogene remains to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Lieberburg
- Fishberg Center for Neurobiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
|