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Peelay Z, Saha S, Patil V, Menon N, Singh A, Shah M, Sahu A, Ubharay A, Chowdhury OR, Prabhash K, Noronha V. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Sinonasal Teratocarcinosarcoma a Rare Malignancy: An Audit From an Academic Tertiary Care Centre in India. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:e137-e145. [PMID: 38565457 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcomas (SNTCS) are rare sinonasal malignancies, the incidence of which is less than 1% of all tumors. There is limited data available on SNTCS's, often as case reports and small case series. The management of SNTCS is complicated because of its location, locally aggressive biology, difficulty in achieving complete resection, and limited data on chemotherapy in these malignancies. This audit was performed to understand the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in SNTCS's, its ability to downstage the disease, achieve complete resection, and impact on long-term survival outcomes. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC). The baseline characteristics, the extent of tumor, Kadish stage, NACT regimen, and adverse events were extracted from the Electronic Medical Records and the patient's case file. Patients with baseline extensive/inoperable disease were referred for NACT from the multidisciplinary joint clinic followed by response assessment (RECIST v1.1). Patients underwent skull-base surgery if respectable post-completion of NACT, however, if deemed unresectable were treated with non-surgical modalities or palliative therapies. RESULTS The data of 27 patients were evaluated from the year 2015-2022. The median age was 42 years (IQR:30-56) and 85.2% (n = 23) were males. The ECOG-PS was 0-1 in 88.8% (n = 24) patients. All 27 patients received NACT in view of extensive disease at presentation. 74.1% (n = 20) patients received Cisplatin-Etoposide and 25.9% (n = 7) received other chemotherapy regimens. The median number of chemotherapy cycles was 2(IQR:2-3). 96.3% patients (n = 26) completed the planned NACT cycles. 70.4% (n = 19) patients achieved a partial response in post-NACT imaging. 77.8% (n = 18) underwent surgery, 18.5% (n = 5) received CTRT, and 7.4% (n = 2) received definitive-RT alone. The median PFS and OS of the cohort was 19months (95%CI:12.0-25.6) and 23months (95%CI:5.94-40.06) respectively. CONCLUSION NACT is safe, feasible, and effective with significant response rates, leading to effective downstaging, resectability and improved survival in patients with locally advanced SNTCS's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Peelay
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - S Saha
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - V Patil
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - N Menon
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - A Singh
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - M Shah
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - A Sahu
- Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - A Ubharay
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - O R Chowdhury
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - K Prabhash
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - V Noronha
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
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Shah M, Noronha V, Patil V, Menon N, Singh AK, Shah A, Kumar P, Roychoudhary O, Peelay Z, Janu A, Purandare N, Chakrabarty N, Patil V, Kaushal R, Shetty O, Pai T, Chandrani P, Chougule A, Prabhash K. The Role of Systemic Therapy in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and a Poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:128-129. [PMID: 38097463 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - V Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - V Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A K Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Kumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - O Roychoudhary
- Biostatistics, Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Z Peelay
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Janu
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Purandare
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Chakrabarty
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - V Patil
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - R Kaushal
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - O Shetty
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - T Pai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Chandrani
- Department of Medical Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Chougule
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Sahu H, Patil VM, Menon N, Singh AK, Biswas S, Janu A, Chakraborty N, Prabhash K, Noronha V. Infections in Patients with Advanced-stage Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-mutant Lung Cancer - a Post-hoc Analysis of a Randomised Trial. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2023; 35:811-812. [PMID: 37838606 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Sahu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - V M Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A K Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Janu
- Department of Radiology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Chakraborty
- Department of Microbiology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - V Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Kumar D, Zhou N, Brau F, Menon N, Davidovitch B. Peeling from a liquid. Soft Matter 2023; 19:7343-7348. [PMID: 37740282 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00487b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
We establish the existence of a cusp in the curvature of a solid sheet at its contact with a liquid subphase. We study two configurations in floating sheets where the solid-vapor-liquid contact line is a straight line and a circle, respectively. In the former case, a rectangular sheet is lifted at its one edge, whereas in the latter a gas bubble is injected beneath a floating sheet. We show that in both geometries the derivative of the sheet's curvature is discontinuous. We demonstrate that the boundary condition at the contact is identical in these two geometries, even though the shape of the contact line and the stress distribution in the sheet are very different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Department of Physics, Indian Insitute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Nuoya Zhou
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Fabian Brau
- Nonlinear Physical Chemistry Unit, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP231, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Benny Davidovitch
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Menon N, Qureshi A, Khanna A, Keeler B. A systematic review of point-of-care abdominal ultrasound scans performed by general surgeons in paediatric patients. Surgeon 2023; 21:e238-e241. [PMID: 36670025 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Bedside point-of-care ultrasound scans are a cheap, quick and safe diagnostic tool. There is increasing evidence for the use of point-of-care surgeon-performed ultrasound scans in adults, however there are fewer studies of its use in children. This systematic review aims to provide an up-to-date summary of the evidence behind surgeon-performed ultrasound scans in paediatric surgery. METHODS The PubMed database was used to conduct this systematic review between the dates 1 Jan 1980 to 1 June 2020 (last search: 1 June 2020). Seven primary research studies were included in this review. RESULTS There is good evidence for the use of ultrasound scans in appendicitis and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Training times are easily achievable and transferable within a surgical department. CONCLUSIONS Although the use of surgeon-performed bedside ultrasound scans has been described in appendicitis and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, more research is required to embed this into clinical practice, particularly in low volume centres such as district general hospitals. A robust training programme is also recommended to incorporate ultrasound scans into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Menon
- General Surgery, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Way, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes MK6 5LD, UK.
| | - A Qureshi
- General Surgery, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Way, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes MK6 5LD, UK
| | - A Khanna
- General Surgery, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Way, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes MK6 5LD, UK
| | - B Keeler
- General Surgery, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Way, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes MK6 5LD, UK
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Tibdewal A, Tahmeed T, Agarwal J, Prabhash K, Mummudi N, Noronha V, Patil V, Menon N, Chopade S, Singh A. EP08.03-002 Local Ablative Therapy in Oligoprogressive NSCLC - Results from a Tertiary Cancer Center of India. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Liblik K, Theberge E, Menon N, Gomes Z, Gobran J, Burbidge E, Johri AM. Secondary prevention of acute coronary syndrome by reducing depression and anxiety. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background/Introduction
Cardiovascular disease is expected to reach an annual mortality rate of 23 million individuals by 2030, primarily due to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and cerebrovascular events. Simply stating the mortality associated with cardiovascular disease underrepresents its true burden considering the associated disability, healthcare expenditure, and loss of quality of life. Specifically, there has been increasing interest in the prevalence of depression and anxiety post-ACS as depressive and anxious symptoms are seen in up to 45% and 30% of patients, respectfully. These symptoms are associated with increased morbidity and mortality as well as decreased quality of life. Thus, it is crucial that secondary prevention be prioritized in this population with a specific focus on psychological wellbeing.
Purpose
The purpose of the present systematic review is to summarize the current literature on secondary prevention following ACS via interventions aimed at reducing depression and anxiety.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted of the databases PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane for studies which implemented an intervention to improve depression or anxiety in patients following ACS.
Results
The initial literature search identified 6,536 studies, of which 97 were added for inclusion with a total of 23,965 participants. Study design comprised 83 randomized control trials, two quasi-experimental studies, and 12 non-randomized experimental studies. The majority of interventions which significantly reduced symptoms of post-ACS anxiety involved modified cardiac rehabilitation programs (20%), aromatherapy (13%), and initiation of a new therapeutic (11%). Conversely, the majority of post-ACS interventions which significantly improved depressive symptoms involved therapy (24%), modified cardiac rehabilitation (24%), and initiation of a new therapeutic (20%). Notably, all aromatherapy (n=6), arts-based (n=3), exercise (n=7), meditation (n=3), and nature therapy (n=1) intervention studies extracted reported significant improvement in either depression or anxiety scores.
Conclusions
Depressive and anxious symptoms following ACS are associated with increased risk of death, rehospitalization, and poor quality of life. Programs which involve modified cardiac rehabilitation programs, aromatherapy, therapeutic agents, and therapy may increase secondary prevention of ACS by improving symptoms of depression and anxiety. Due to the heterogeneity of the programs identified, significant differences in sample size across studies, and the variety of depression/anxiety scales used, a large-scale randomized control trial comparing intervention efficacy is needed. Such a trial, as well as the present systematic review, may improve secondary prevention of ACS by identifying strategies to reduce depression and anxiety in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Liblik
- Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - E Theberge
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - N Menon
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Z Gomes
- Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - J Gobran
- Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | | | - AM Johri
- Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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Laskar SG, Sinha S, Singh M, Mummudi N, Mittal R, Gavarraju A, Budrukkar A, Swain M, Agarwal JP, Gupta T, Murthy V, Mokal S, Patil V, Noronha V, Joshi A, Menon N, Prabhash K. Post-cricoid and Upper Oesophagus Cancers Treated with Organ Preservation Using Intensity-modulated Image-guided Radiotherapy: a Phase II Prospective Study of Outcomes, Toxicity and Quality of Life. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2021; 34:220-229. [PMID: 34872822 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To prospectively examine the outcomes, toxicity and quality of life (QoL) of patients with post-cricoid and upper oesophagus (PCUE) cancers treated with an organ-preservation approach of (chemo)-radiotherapy using intensity-modulated image-guided radiotherapy (IM-IGRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS This phase II prospective study was conducted at a tertiary cancer centre from February 2017 to January 2020. Forty patients with squamous cell carcinoma of PCUE of stage T1-3, N0-2, M0 were accrued. Gross exolaryngeal extension/dysfunctional larynx were major exclusion criteria. Patients received 63-66 Gy in once-daily fractions using volumetric modulated arc therapy with daily IGRT. Outcome measures included disease-related outcomes, patterns of failure, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group toxicities, feeding tube dependency and QoL. RESULTS The median follow-up was 22 months. Twenty-six (87.5%) patients had locoregionally advanced disease and 34 (85%) patients received (chemo)-radiotherapy. A complete response was observed in 26 (65%) patients. The 2-year locoregional control, event-free survival and cause-specific survival were 59.6%, 40.2% and 44.8%, respectively. The volume of primary tumour (GTVPvol) exceeding 28 cm3 had inferior overall survival (P = 0.005) on univariate analysis. Multivariable analysis showed GTVPvol and positron emission tomography-computed tomography maximum standardised uptake value to be independently predictive for event-free and overall survival. A feeding tube requirement at presentation was seen in 11 (27.5%) patients, whereas long-term feeding tube dependency at 6 months was seen in 10 (37%) patients. For QoL, a statistical improvement in pain, appetite loss and swallowing was observed over time. CONCLUSION Although the outcomes of PCUE cancers remain dismal, the use of state of the art diagnostic modalities, careful case selection and modern radiotherapy techniques improved outcomes as compared with before in this exclusive analysis of PCUE cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Laskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - S Sinha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - M Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - N Mummudi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - R Mittal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Gavarraju
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Budrukkar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - M Swain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - J P Agarwal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - T Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Murthy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S Mokal
- Clinical Research Secretariat, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Joshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - N Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Forth J, Mariano A, Chai Y, Toor A, Hasnain J, Jiang Y, Feng W, Liu X, Geissler PL, Menon N, Helms BA, Ashby PD, Russell TP. The Buckling Spectra of Nanoparticle Surfactant Assemblies. Nano Lett 2021; 21:7116-7122. [PMID: 34448588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fine control over the mechanical properties of thin sheets underpins transcytosis, cell shape, and morphogenesis. Applying these principles to artificial, liquid-based systems has led to reconfigurable materials for soft robotics, actuation, and chemical synthesis. However, progress is limited by a lack of synthetic two-dimensional membranes that exhibit tunable mechanical properties over a comparable range to that seen in nature. Here, we show that the bending modulus, B, of thin assemblies of nanoparticle surfactants (NPSs) at the oil-water interface can be varied continuously from sub-kBT to 106kBT, by varying the ligands and particles that comprise the NPS. We find extensive departure from continuum behavior, including enormous mechanical anisotropy and a power law relation between B and the buckling spectrum width. Our findings provide a platform for shape-changing liquid devices and motivate new theories for the description of thin-film wrinkling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Forth
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andres Mariano
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yu Chai
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anju Toor
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jaffar Hasnain
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Wenqian Feng
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xubo Liu
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Phillip L Geissler
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Brett A Helms
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Paul D Ashby
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Conte Center for Polymer Research, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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Abstract
The shape assumed by a slender elastic structure is a function both of the geometry of the space in which it exists and the forces it experiences. We explore, by experiments and theoretical analysis, the morphological phase space of a filament confined to the surface of a spherical bubble. The morphology is controlled by varying bending stiffness and weight of the filament, and its length relative to the bubble radius. When the dominant considerations are the geometry of confinement and elastic energy, the filament lies along a geodesic and when gravitational energy becomes significant, a bifurcation occurs, with a part of the filament occupying a longitude and the rest along a curve approximated by a latitude. Far beyond the transition, when the filament is much longer than the diameter, it coils around the selected latitudinal region. A simple model with filament shape as a composite of two arcs captures the transition well. For better quantitative agreement with the subcritical nature of bifurcation, we study the morphology by numerical energy minimization. Our analysis of the filament’s morphological space spanned by one geometric parameter, and one parameter that compares elastic energy with body forces, may provide guidance for packing slender structures on complex surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ganga Prasath
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences (ICTS-TIFR) Shivakote, Hesaraghatta Hobli, Bengaluru 560089, India
| | - Joel Marthelot
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IUSTI (Institut Universitaire des Systémes Thermiques Industriels), 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Rama Govindarajan
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences (ICTS-TIFR) Shivakote, Hesaraghatta Hobli, Bengaluru 560089, India
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Menon N, Kumar S, Keeler B, Pawelec K, Khanna A. A systematic review of point-of-care abdominal ultrasound scans performed by general surgeons. Surgeon 2021; 19:e559-e563. [PMID: 33692002 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound is an established imaging modality in general surgery. With the increasing use of bedside point-of-care ultrasounds, general surgeons have been incorporating this skill into their clinical practice. This systematic review provides an up-to-date summary of the evidence for abdominal ultrasound scans performed by general surgeons to diagnose intra-abdominal pathology. METHODS Two independent reviewers searched the PubMed database between 1 January 1980 and 1 June 2020. Articles about surgeon-performed abdominal ultrasound in adult patients were included. Studies on trauma and vascular surgery were excluded. RESULTS 26 articles met the inclusion criteria, presented as a narrative analysis. There was good evidence for the use of surgeon-performed ultrasound, particularly in gallstone-related diseases and moderate evidence for the use of ultrasound in appendicitis. Further evidence is required for point-of-care ultrasounds for other pathologies such as diverticulitis and groin hernias. Ultrasound training for general surgeons is variable with notable heterogeneity across studies. CONCLUSION A standardised training programme for general surgeons will greatly improve confidence and skill. There is good evidence for the use of bedside ultrasound by general surgeons in the acute and elective setting with reduced time to definitive treatment and fewer unnecessary hospital admissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Menon
- General Surgery, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Way, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes, MK6 5LD, UK.
| | - S Kumar
- General Surgery, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Way, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes, MK6 5LD, UK
| | - B Keeler
- General Surgery, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Way, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes, MK6 5LD, UK
| | - K Pawelec
- General Surgery, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Way, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes, MK6 5LD, UK
| | - A Khanna
- General Surgery, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Standing Way, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes, MK6 5LD, UK
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12
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Khaddar S, Rajpurohit A, Kapoor A, Noronha V, Joshi A, Patil V, Menon N, More S, Goud S, Prabhash K. P76.26 Survival Outcomes in Patients Receiving Second Line Osimertinib Post First Line First Generation TKI Alone or in Combination with Chemotherapy. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Prasath SG, Marthelot J, Menon N, Govindarajan R. Wetting and wrapping of a floating droplet by a thin elastic filament. Soft Matter 2021; 17:1497-1504. [PMID: 33355592 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01863e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We study the wetting of a thin elastic filament floating on a fluid surface by a droplet of another, immiscible fluid. This quasi-2D experimental system is the lower-dimensional counterpart of the wetting and wrapping of a droplet by an elastic sheet. The simplicity of this system allows us to study the phenomenology of partial wetting and wrapping of the droplet by measuring angles of contact as a function of the elasticity of the filament, the applied tension and the curvature of the droplet. We find that a purely geometric theory gives a good description of the mechanical equilibria in the system. The estimates of applied tension and tension in the filament obey an elastic version of the Young-Laplace-Dupré relation. However, curvatures close to the contact line are not captured by the geometric theory, possibly because of 3D effects at the contact line. We also find that when a highly-bendable filament completely wraps the droplet, there is continuity of curvature at the droplet-filament interface, leading to seamless wrapping as observed in a 3D droplet.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ganga Prasath
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences (ICTS-TIFR) Shivakote, Hesaraghatta Hobli, Bengaluru 560089, India. and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02143, USA
| | - Joel Marthelot
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IUSTI (Institut Universitaire des Systémes Thermiques Industriels), 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Rama Govindarajan
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences (ICTS-TIFR) Shivakote, Hesaraghatta Hobli, Bengaluru 560089, India.
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14
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Patil VM, Abraham G, Noronha V, Joshi A, Menon N, Singh GK, Dhumal S, Prabhash K. The Pattern of Care of Use of Nivolumab in Head and Neck Cancers - Audit From a Tertiary Cancer Centre. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2021; 33:342. [PMID: 33526335 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V M Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and HBNI, Mumbai, India
| | - G Abraham
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and HBNI, Mumbai, India
| | - V Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and HBNI, Mumbai, India
| | - A Joshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and HBNI, Mumbai, India
| | - N Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and HBNI, Mumbai, India
| | - G K Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and HBNI, Mumbai, India
| | - S Dhumal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and HBNI, Mumbai, India
| | - K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and HBNI, Mumbai, India
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choudhary A, Joshi A, Noronha V, Menon N, Kapoor A, Menon S, Prabhash K. 202MO Real-world outcomes of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Retrospective study from tertiary cancer center in India. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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16
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Singh G, Menon N, Jadhav M, Walavalkar R, Dsouza H, Roy S, Das S, Srinivas SS, Vallathol D, Patil V. 345P Thromboembolic events in brain tumour patients on bevacizumab. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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17
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Kapoor A, Noronha V, Patil V, Joshi A, Menon N, Kumar R, Mahajan A, Prabhash K, Janu A, Chougule A, Shetty O. 403P Clinical profile, practice pattern and outcomes in ALK-positive lung cancer: Real-world data from India. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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18
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Noronha V, Singh G, Patil V, Menon N, Joshi A, Prabhash K. 280P Safety and efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancers in younger versus older patients: Post hoc analysis of a randomized control trial. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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19
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Noronha V, Patil V, Singh G, Joshi A, Menon N, Lashkar S, Mathrudev V, Satam K, Mukadam S, Prabhash K. Incidence and Outcome of Second Malignancy in Primary Treated Head and Neck Cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2020; 32:e213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Singh G, Menon N, Keluskar G, Kalra D, Patil V. 390P Spiritual well-being in brain tumour patients: An insight. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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21
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Kumar A, Noronha V, Patil V, Joshi A, Menon N, Kapoor A, Janu A, Mahajan A, Rajendra A, Prabhash K. 1049P Efficacy and safety of low dose immunotherapy in palliative setting of advanced solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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22
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Kalra D, Singh G, Menon N, Simha V, Srinivas S, Vallathol D, Das S, Adak S, Dale O, Patil V. 393P Financial toxicity in patients undergoing systemic therapy in brain tumours: A cross-sectional study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Benny Davidovitch
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
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24
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Kumar D, Russell TP, Davidovitch B, Menon N. Publisher Correction: Stresses in thin sheets at fluid interfaces. Nat Mater 2020; 19:808. [PMID: 32327727 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Benny Davidovitch
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
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25
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Menon N, Tan A. 27. A rare case of extramammary paget’s disease of the vulva involving the cervix and the utility of GATA3 immunohistochemical staining. Pathology 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2020.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Menon N, Simha V, Abhyankar A, Kalra D, Krishnatry R, Gupta T, Jalali R, Patil V. Pattern of care in high-grade gliomas after recurrence. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz419.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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27
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Noronha V, Patil V, Joshi A, Menon N, Agarwal J, Laskar S, Budrukkar A, Murthy V, Gupta T, Prabhash K. DOES AGE MATTER FOR RADICAL CHEMORADIATION IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER: A POST-HOC ANALYSIS OF A RANDOMIZED STUDY. J Geriatr Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1879-4068(19)31203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Talreja V, Patil V, Noronha V, Joshi A, Menon N, Chougule A, Menon M, Mittal N, Prabhash K. Molecular profiling and treatment patterns of advanced salivary gland cancers in head and neck region. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz428.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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29
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Rajpurohit A, Patil V, Noronha V, Joshi A, Menon N, Puranik A, Purandare N, Mahajan A, Mummudi N, Krishnatry R, Kumar R, Yadav S, Prabhash K. Multidisciplinary brain metastasis clinic: Is it effective and worthwhile? Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz419.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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30
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Joshi A, Patil VM, Noronha V, Abhyankar A, Menon N, Prabhash K. Nimotuzumab Dosing and Outcomes in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2019; 32:e36. [PMID: 31353134 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Joshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V M Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Abhyankar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - N Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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31
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Chajwa R, Menon N, Ramaswamy S. Kepler Orbits in Pairs of Disks Settling in a Viscous Fluid. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:224501. [PMID: 31283274 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.224501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We show experimentally that a pair of disks settling at negligible Reynolds number (∼10^{-4}) displays two classes of bound periodic orbits, each with transitions to scattering states. We account for these dynamics, at leading far-field order, through an effective Hamiltonian in which gravitational driving endows orientation with the properties of momentum. This treatment is successfully compared against the measured properties of orbits and critical parameters of transitions between types of orbits. We demonstrate a precise correspondence with the Kepler problem of planetary motion for a wide range of initial conditions, find and account for a family of orbits with no Keplerian analog, and highlight the role of orientation as momentum in the many-disk problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Chajwa
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru 560 089, India
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Sriram Ramaswamy
- Centre for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, India
- TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Hyderabad 500 107, India
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32
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joseph D. Paulsen
- Department of Physics and Soft and Living Matter Program, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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33
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Kumar D, Paulsen JD, Russell TP, Menon N. Wrapping with a splash: High-speed encapsulation with ultrathin sheets. Science 2018; 359:775-778. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aao1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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34
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Patton K, Menon N, Cheah K, Hillery S, Stewart C, Van Vliet C, Amanuel B, Combrinck M, Spagnolo D, Kumarasinghe M. Epstein-barr virus associated colitis: Another mimic of IBD? Pathology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2017.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Dashwood A, Laher S, Menon N, Thomson B, Prabhu A, Tesar P, Ziegenfuss M, Smith I, Javorsky G, Platts D, McKenzie S, Chan W, Bancroft J, Maddicks-Law J, Wong Y. Validation of EUROMACS-RHF (European Registry for Patients with Mechanical Circulatory Support Right-Sided Heart Failure) Score in Predicting Early Right Heart Failure Following Left Ventricular Assist Device Insertion in an Australian Single-Centre Cohort. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Walsh L, Wagner CG, Schlossberg S, Olson C, Baskaran A, Menon N. Noise and diffusion of a vibrated self-propelled granular particle. Soft Matter 2017; 13:8964-8968. [PMID: 29152630 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01206c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Granular materials are an important physical realization of active matter. In vibration-fluidized granular matter, both diffusion and self-propulsion derive from the same collisional forcing, unlike many other active systems where there is a clean separation between the origin of single-particle mobility and the coupling to noise. Here we present experimental studies of single-particle motion in a vibrated granular monolayer, along with theoretical analysis that compares grain motion at short and long time scales to the assumptions and predictions, respectively, of the active Brownian particle (ABP) model. Our results show that despite the unique relation between noise and propulsion, a variety of granular particles are correctly described by the ABP model. Additionally, our scheme of analysis for validating the inputs and outputs of the model can be applied to other granular and non-granular active systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Walsh
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA.
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37
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Paulsen JD, Démery V, Toga KB, Qiu Z, Russell TP, Davidovitch B, Menon N. Geometry-Driven Folding of a Floating Annular Sheet. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:048004. [PMID: 28186795 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.048004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the large-amplitude deformations of thin elastic sheets is difficult due to the complications of self contact, geometric nonlinearities, and a multitude of low-lying energy states. We study a simple two-dimensional setting where an annular polymer sheet floating on an air-water interface is subjected to different tensions on the inner and outer rims. The sheet folds and wrinkles into many distinct morphologies that break axisymmetry. These states can be understood within a recent geometric approach for determining the gross shape of extremely bendable yet inextensible sheets by extremizing an appropriate area functional. Our analysis explains the remarkable feature that the observed buckling transitions between wrinkled and folded shapes are insensitive to the bending rigidity of the sheet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Paulsen
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - Vincent Démery
- Gulliver, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - K Buğra Toga
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Zhanlong Qiu
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Benny Davidovitch
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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38
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Racault MF, Sathyendranath S, Menon N, Platt T. Phenological Responses to ENSO in the Global Oceans. Surv Geophys 2016; 38:277-293. [PMID: 32269401 PMCID: PMC7115060 DOI: 10.1007/s10712-016-9391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phenology relates to the study of timing of periodic events in the life cycle of plants or animals as influenced by environmental conditions and climatic forcing. Phenological metrics provide information essential to quantify variations in the life cycle of these organisms. The metrics also allow us to estimate the speed at which living organisms respond to environmental changes. At the surface of the oceans, microscopic plant cells, so-called phytoplankton, grow and sometimes form blooms, with concentrations reaching up to 100 million cells per litre and extending over many square kilometres. These blooms can have a huge collective impact on ocean colour, because they contain chlorophyll and other auxiliary pigments, making them visible from space. Phytoplankton populations have a high turnover rate and can respond within hours to days to environmental perturbations. This makes them ideal indicators to study the first-level biological response to environmental changes. In the Earth's climate system, the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dominates large-scale inter-annual variations in environmental conditions. It serves as a natural experiment to study and understand how phytoplankton in the ocean (and hence the organisms at higher trophic levels) respond to climate variability. Here, the ENSO influence on phytoplankton is estimated through variations in chlorophyll concentration, primary production and timings of initiation, peak, termination and duration of the growing period. The phenological variabilities are used to characterise phytoplankton responses to changes in some physical variables: sea surface temperature, sea surface height and wind. It is reported that in oceanic regions experiencing high annual variations in the solar cycle, such as in high latitudes, the influence of ENSO may be readily measured using annual mean anomalies of physical variables. In contrast, in oceanic regions where ENSO modulates a climate system characterised by a seasonal reversal of the wind forcing, such as the monsoon system in the Indian Ocean, phenology-based mean anomalies of physical variables help refine evaluation of the mechanisms driving the biological responses and provide a more comprehensive understanding of the integrated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.-F. Racault
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth, UK
- National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), PML, Plymouth, PL1 3DH UK
- ESA Living Planet Fellowship, PML, Plymouth, PL1 3DH UK
- INDO-European Research Facilities, Studies on MARine Ecosystem and CLIMate in India (INDO-MARECLIM), NERCI, Kochi, Kerala 682016 India
| | - S. Sathyendranath
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth, UK
- National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), PML, Plymouth, PL1 3DH UK
- INDO-European Research Facilities, Studies on MARine Ecosystem and CLIMate in India (INDO-MARECLIM), NERCI, Kochi, Kerala 682016 India
| | - N. Menon
- INDO-European Research Facilities, Studies on MARine Ecosystem and CLIMate in India (INDO-MARECLIM), NERCI, Kochi, Kerala 682016 India
- Nansen Environmental Research Centre India (NERCI), 6A, Oxford Business Centre (6th Floor), Sreekandath Road, Ravipuram, Kochi, Kerala 682016 India
| | - T. Platt
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth, UK
- INDO-European Research Facilities, Studies on MARine Ecosystem and CLIMate in India (INDO-MARECLIM), NERCI, Kochi, Kerala 682016 India
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39
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Davis J, Menon N. A survey of human and animal casualties resulting from bites of stray dogs in the municipal area in Palakkad district, Kerala. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Paulsen JD, Hohlfeld E, King H, Huang J, Qiu Z, Russell TP, Menon N, Vella D, Davidovitch B. Curvature-induced stiffness and the spatial variation of wavelength in wrinkled sheets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:1144-9. [PMID: 26787902 PMCID: PMC4747725 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1521520113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wrinkle patterns in compressed thin sheets are ubiquitous in nature and technology, from the furrows on our foreheads to crinkly plant leaves, from ripples on plastic-wrapped objects to the protein film on milk. The current understanding of an elementary descriptor of wrinkles--their wavelength--is restricted to deformations that are parallel, spatially uniform, and nearly planar. However, most naturally occurring wrinkles do not satisfy these stipulations. Here we present a scheme that quantitatively explains the wrinkle wavelength beyond such idealized situations. We propose a local law that incorporates both mechanical and geometrical effects on the spatial variation of wrinkle wavelength. Our experiments on thin polymer films provide strong evidence for its validity. Understanding how wavelength depends on the properties of the sheet and the underlying liquid or elastic subphase is crucial for applications where wrinkles are used to sculpt surface topography, to measure properties of the sheet, or to infer forces applied to a film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Paulsen
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Evan Hohlfeld
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Hunter King
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Jiangshui Huang
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Zhanlong Qiu
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003;
| | - Dominic Vella
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
| | - Benny Davidovitch
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003;
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Paulsen JD, Démery V, Santangelo CD, Russell TP, Davidovitch B, Menon N. Optimal wrapping of liquid droplets with ultrathin sheets. Nat Mater 2015; 14:1206-9. [PMID: 26322716 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Elastic sheets offer a path to encapsulating a droplet of one fluid in another that is different from that of traditional molecular or particulate surfactants. In wrappings of fluids by sheets of moderate thickness with petals designed to curl into closed shapes, capillarity balances bending forces. Here, we show that, by using much thinner sheets, the constraints of this balance can be lifted to access a regime of high sheet bendability that brings three major advantages: ultrathin sheets automatically achieve optimally efficient shapes that maximize the enclosed volume of liquid for a fixed area of sheet; interfacial energies and mechanical properties of the sheet are irrelevant within this regime, thus allowing for further functionality; and complete coverage of the fluid can be achieved without special sheet designs. We propose and validate a general geometric model that captures the entire range of this new class of wrapped and partially wrapped shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Paulsen
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Vincent Démery
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | | | - Thomas P Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Benny Davidovitch
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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Vella D, Huang J, Menon N, Russell TP, Davidovitch B. Indentation of ultrathin elastic films and the emergence of asymptotic isometry. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:014301. [PMID: 25615471 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.014301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We study the indentation of a thin elastic film floating at the surface of a liquid. We focus on the onset of radial wrinkles at a threshold indentation depth and the evolution of the wrinkle pattern as indentation progresses far beyond this threshold. Comparison between experiments on thin polymer films and theoretical calculations shows that the system very quickly reaches the far from threshold regime, in which wrinkles lead to the relaxation of azimuthal compression. Furthermore, when the indentation depth is sufficiently large that the wrinkles cover most of the film, we recognize a novel mechanical response in which the work of indentation is transmitted almost solely to the liquid, rather than to the floating film. We attribute this unique response to a nontrivial isometry attained by the deformed film, and we discuss the scaling laws and the relevance of similar isometries to other systems in which a confined sheet is subjected to weak tensile loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Vella
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
| | - Jiangshui Huang
- Physics Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA and Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Physics Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Benny Davidovitch
- Physics Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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Schroll RD, Adda-Bedia M, Cerda E, Huang J, Menon N, Russell TP, Toga KB, Vella D, Davidovitch B. Capillary deformations of bendable films. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:014301. [PMID: 23863002 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.014301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We address the partial wetting of liquid drops on ultrathin solid sheets resting on a deformable foundation. Considering the membrane limit of sheets that can relax compression through wrinkling at negligible energetic cost, we revisit the classical theory for the contact of liquid drops on solids. Our calculations and experiments show that the liquid-solid-vapor contact angle is modified from the Young angle, even though the elastic bulk modulus (E) of the sheet is so large that the ratio between the surface tension γ and E is of molecular size. This finding indicates a new elastocapillary phenomenon that stems from the high bendability of very thin elastic sheets rather than from material softness. We also show that the size of the wrinkle pattern that emerges in the sheet is fully predictable, thus resolving a puzzle in modeling "drop-on-a-floating-sheet" experiments and enabling a quantitative, calibration-free use of this setup for the metrology of ultrathin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Schroll
- Physics Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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Cherian S, Djemil T, Abdel-Wahab M, Greskovich J, Fung J, Aucejo F, Miller C, Sanabria J, Menon N, Stephan K. Stereotactic Radiation (SBRT) for Primary Liver Malignancies. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hodgson RJ, Menon N, Grainger AJ, O'Connor PJ, McGonagle D, Helliwell P, Emery P, Robson MD. Quantitative MRI measurements of the Achilles tendon in spondyloarthritis using ultrashort echo times. Br J Radiol 2012; 85:e293-9. [PMID: 22745209 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/13555456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tendon involvement is common in spondyloarthritis. The MRI signal from the Achilles tendon has been used to quantify mechanical tendinopathy; however, conventional MRI is limited by the short T(2) of normal tendon. Short and ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI have the potential to better measure signal intensity reflecting changes in T(2) or gadolinium enhancement. Furthermore, UTE images could be used for normalisation to reduce variability. The aim of this work was to investigate such techniques in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). METHODS The Achilles tendons of 14 healthy volunteers and 24 patients with symptomatic spondyloarthritis were studied. Combined UTE (TE=0.07 ms) and gradient echo (TE=4.9 ms) images were acquired before and after intravenous gadolinium together with pre-contrast gradient echo images (TE=2 ms). The signal intensity from a region of interest in the Achilles tendon above the calcaneus was measured. The relative enhancement at echo times of 0.07 ms (RE(0.1)) and 4.9 ms (RE(5)) were calculated. The ratios of the signal intensities from both 4.9 ms and 2 ms gradient echo images to the signal intensity from the UTE image were calculated (RTE(5) and RTE(2) respectively). RESULTS Interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients were excellent (≥0.97). The contrast-to-noise ratio was higher for enhancement on UTE images than on gradient echo images. RE(0.1), RTE(5) and RTE(2) were significantly higher in SpA patients than controls. CONCLUSION Signal intensity ratios using UTE images allow quantitative measurements to be made which are sensitive to tendon T(2) or contrast enhancement and which are increased in spondyloarthritis. They therefore have the potential for use as measures of tendon disease in spondyloarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Hodgson
- Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK.
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King H, Schroll RD, Davidovitch B, Menon N. Elastic sheet on a liquid drop reveals wrinkling and crumpling as distinct symmetry-breaking instabilities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:9716-20. [PMID: 22679292 PMCID: PMC3382559 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1201201109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Smooth wrinkles and sharply crumpled regions are familiar motifs in biological or synthetic sheets, such as rapidly growing plant leaves and crushed foils. Previous studies have addressed both morphological types, but the generic route whereby a featureless sheet develops a complex shape remains elusive. Here we show that this route proceeds through an unusual sequence of distinct symmetry-breaking instabilities. The object of our study is an ultrathin circular sheet stretched over a liquid drop. As the curvature is gradually increased, the surface tension stretching the sheet over the drop causes compression along circles of latitude. The compression is relieved first by a transition into a wrinkle pattern, and then into a crumpled state via a continuous transition. Our data provide conclusive evidence that wrinkle patterns in highly bendable sheets are not described by classical buckling methods, but rather by a theory which assumes that wrinkles completely relax the compressive stress. With this understanding we recognize the observed sequence of transitions as distinct symmetry breakings of the shape and the stress field. The axial symmetry of the shape is broken upon wrinkling but the underlying stress field preserves this symmetry. Thus, the wrinkle-to-crumple transition marks symmetry-breaking of the stress in highly bendable sheets. By contrast, other instabilities of sheets, such as blistering and cracking, break the homogeneity of shape and stress simultaneously. The onset of crumpling occurs when the wrinkle pattern grows to half the sheet's radius, suggesting a geometric, material-independent origin for this transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter King
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Robert D. Schroll
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Benny Davidovitch
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Narayanan Menon
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
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Tan A, Kim R, El-Gazzaz G, Menon N, Aucejo F. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor level in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing liver transplantation: experience of a single Western center. Int J Organ Transplant Med 2012; 3:42-51. [PMID: 25013622 PMCID: PMC4089276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The strongest predictor of tumor relapse after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is vascular invasion, appreciated only on explant analysis. High serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is associated with worse outcomes after resection or locoregional therapies but its role in liver transplantation remains undefined. OBJECTIVE We report the first western prospective study exploring serum VEGF in HCC liver transplant patients, correlating pre-operative serum VEGF with poor prognostic histologic features during explant analysis. METHODS Between May 2008, and June 2010, 75 HCC patients underwent liver transplantation at our institution. Serum VEGF was measured every 3 months until liver transplantation and correlated with histopathologic findings on explant. RESULTS There was no significant correlation between pre-transplant serum VEGF levels and tumor burden (median 31.0 pg/mL vs. 42.5 pg/mL, p=0.33, for tumors within and beyond the Milan criteria, respectively). Pre-transplant VEGF levels were higher in poorly differentiated tumors compared to well to moderately differentiated tumors, but not statistically significant (median 49.0 pg/mL vs. 31.0 pg/mL, p=0.26). Pre-transplant VEGF did not correlate with vascular invasion (median 37.0 pg/mL vs. 31.0 pg/mL, p=0.35, in the presence and absence of vascular invasion, respectively). CONCLUSION Pre-operative serum VEGF fails to predict unfavorable histologic HCC features in patients undergoing liver transplantation. Role of serum VEGF in liver transplant HCC patients remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Tan
- BC Cancer Agency-Abbotsford, BC, Canada,Correspondence: Ann Tan, MD, BC Cancer Agency-Abbotsford, 32900 Marshall Road, Abbotsford, BC, Canada V5C6T5
Phone: +1-604-910-3125
Fax: +1-604-851-4729
E-mail:
| | - R. Kim
- Department of Solid Tumor Oncology Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - G. El-Gazzaz
- Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - N. Menon
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - F. Aucejo
- Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH
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Huang J, Davidovitch B, Santangelo CD, Russell TP, Menon N. Smooth cascade of wrinkles at the edge of a floating elastic film. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:038302. [PMID: 20867813 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.038302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Revised: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An ultrathin polymer sheet floating on a fluid forms a periodic pattern of parallel wrinkles when subjected to uniaxial compression. The wave number of the wrinkle pattern increases sharply near the fluid meniscus where the translational symmetry of this one-dimensional corrugated profile is broken. We show that the observed multiscale morphology is controlled by a new "softness" number that quantifies the relative strength of capillary forces at the edge and the rigidity of the bulk pattern. We discover a new elastic cascade by which the wrinkling pattern in the bulk is smoothly matched to the fine structure at the edge by a discrete series of higher Fourier modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangshui Huang
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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Gardel E, Sitaridou E, Facto K, Keene E, Hattam K, Easwar N, Menon N. Dynamical fluctuations in dense granular flows. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2009; 367:5109-5121. [PMID: 19933130 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2009.0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have made measurements of force and velocity fluctuations in a variety of dense, gravity-driven granular flows under flow conditions close to the threshold of jamming. The measurements reveal a microscopic state that evolves rapidly from entirely collisional to largely frictional, as the system is taken close to jamming. On coarse-grained time scales, some descriptors of the dynamics-such as the probability distribution of force fluctuations, or the mean friction angle-do not reflect this profound change in the micromechanics of the flow. Other quantities, such as the frequency spectrum of force fluctuations, change significantly, developing low-frequency structure in the fluctuations as jamming is approached. We also show evidence of spatial structure, with force fluctuations being organized into local collision chains. These local structures propagate rapidly in the flow, with consequences far away from their origin, leading to long-range correlations in velocity fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Gardel
- Department of Physics, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, USA
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Wang HQ, Feitosa K, Menon N. Particle kinematics in a dilute, three-dimensional, vibration-fluidized granular medium. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2009; 80:060304. [PMID: 20365108 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.060304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2009] [Revised: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental study of particle kinematics in a three-dimensional system of inelastic spheres fluidized by intense vibration. The motion of particles in the interior of the medium is tracked by high-speed video imaging, yielding a spatially resolved measurement of the velocity distribution. The distribution is wider than a Gaussian and broadens continuously with increasing volume fraction. The deviations from a Gaussian distribution for this boundary-driven system are different in sign and larger in magnitude than predictions for homogeneously driven systems. We also find correlations between velocity components which grow with increasing volume fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qiang Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-3720, USA.
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