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Bernal AF, Mota N, Pamplona R, Area-Gomez E, Portero-Otin M. Hakuna MAM-Tata: Investigating the role of mitochondrial-associated membranes in ALS. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166716. [PMID: 37044239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease leading to selective and progressive motor neuron (MN) death. Despite significant heterogeneity in pathogenic and clinical terms, MN demise ultimately unifies patients. Across the many disturbances in neuronal biology present in the disease and its models, two common trends are loss of calcium homeostasis and dysregulations in lipid metabolism. Since both mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are essential in these functions, their intertwin through the so-called mitochondrial-associated membranes (MAMs) should be relevant in this disease. In this review, we present a short overview of MAMs functional aspects and how its dysfunction could explain a substantial part of the cellular disarrangements in ALS's natural history. MAMs are hubs for lipid synthesis, integrating glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesteryl ester metabolism. These lipids are essential for membrane biology, so there should be a close coupling to cellular energy demands, a role that MAMs may partially fulfill. Not surprisingly, MAMs are also host part of calcium signaling to mitochondria, so their impairment could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, affecting oxidative phosphorylation and enhancing the vulnerability of MNs. We present data supporting that MAMs' maladaptation could be essential to MNs' vulnerability in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fernàndez Bernal
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Avda Rovira Roure 80, E25196 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Natàlia Mota
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Avda Rovira Roure 80, E25196 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Avda Rovira Roure 80, E25196 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Estela Area-Gomez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas CSIC, C. Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Avda Rovira Roure 80, E25196 Lleida, Spain.
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Papadopoulos K, Li T, Lakhani N, Powderly J, George T, Teoh D, Kilari D, Giaccone G, Sanborn R, Ghamande S, LoRusso P, Gibney G, Ma VL, Yalamanchili K, Brown J, Mota N, Tasillo Kadra C, Umiker B, Xiao X, Trehu E. 172P Phase I study of JTX-8064, a LILRB2 (ILT4) inhibitor, as monotherapy and combination with pimivalimab (pimi), a PD-1 inhibitor (PD-1i), in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors. Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Obeso-Estrella R, Pawelec B, Mota N, Flores-Sanchez LA, Quintana-Melgoza JM, Yocupicio-Gaxiola RI, Zepeda TA. Method for analyzing HR-TEM micrographs to propose and/or describe structures and their interaction in crystalline materials. MethodsX 2022; 9:101855. [PMID: 36187157 PMCID: PMC9523379 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2022.101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A general and versatile method for the analysis and processing of HR-TEM data useful for several applications is presented. The first utility is to identify the structures seen in the micrographs; also can be extended to propose the interaction of structure dynamics between various phases; and also it can be hybridized with the chemical method to make a proposal of new structure and/or phase. The general method consisted of four steps: 1) micrograph pretreatment, 2) measurement of planar distances, 3) structure identification, and 4) structure corroboration. Crystallographic planes were immediately identified by comparing the interplanar distances. Next, crystallographic data were collected from the Crystal Structures Database (ICSD) and introduced into Diamond software to visualize the planes in each structure. In addition, from the zone axis point of view it must show the planes aligned, similar as is observed in the HR-TEM micrograph.•It was possible establish the growth mechanism of the different structures by identifying how is the structural interaction between the different oxides and sulfide phases.•Method was successful applied to propose a new TiCoMoS sulfide phase through HR-TEM results.•The method can also be extended to other areas where structural studies with HR-TEM are viable, such as biology, electronics, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Obeso-Estrella
- Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418 Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico C.P. 22390
| | - B Pawelec
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, L10, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Mota
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, L10, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - L A Flores-Sanchez
- Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418 Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico C.P. 22390
| | - J M Quintana-Melgoza
- Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418 Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico C.P. 22390
| | - R I Yocupicio-Gaxiola
- Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California 22860, México
| | - T A Zepeda
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Ensenada, Baja California C.P. 22860, México
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Gemelgo C, Mota N, Costa M, Castro M. Unusual stress fracture post childbirth – Case-report and literature review. Sci Sports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Guil-López R, Mota N, Llorente J, Millán E, Pawelec B, Fierro J, Navarro RM. Methanol Synthesis from CO 2: A Review of the Latest Developments in Heterogeneous Catalysis. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:E3902. [PMID: 31779127 PMCID: PMC6926878 DOI: 10.3390/ma12233902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Technological approaches which enable the effective utilization of CO2 for manufacturing value-added chemicals and fuels can help to solve environmental problems derived from large CO2 emissions associated with the use of fossil fuels. One of the most interesting products that can be synthesized from CO2 is methanol, since it is an industrial commodity used in several chemical products and also an efficient transportation fuel. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in the development of heterogeneous catalysts and processes for the direct hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol. The main efforts focused on the improvement of conventional Cu/ZnO based catalysts and the development of new catalytic systems targeting the specific needs for CO2 to methanol reactions (unfavourable thermodynamics, production of high amount of water and high methanol selectivity under high or full CO2 conversion). Major studies on the development of active and selective catalysts based on thermodynamics, mechanisms, nano-synthesis and catalyst design (active phase, promoters, supports, etc.) are highlighted in this review. Finally, a summary concerning future perspectives on the research and development of efficient heterogeneous catalysts for methanol synthesis from CO2 will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Guil-López
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (N.M.); (J.L.); (E.M.); (B.P.); (J.L.G.F.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - R. M. Navarro
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (N.M.); (J.L.); (E.M.); (B.P.); (J.L.G.F.)
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Guil-López R, Mota N, Llorente J, Millán E, Pawelec B, García R, Navarro RM, Fierro JLG. Data on TGA of precursors and SEM of reduced Cu/ZnO catalysts co-modified with aluminium and gallium for methanol synthesis. Data Brief 2019; 24:104010. [PMID: 31193673 PMCID: PMC6538956 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The modification of Cu–Zn catalysts with low amount of Al and Ga (Al+Ga = 3%) was investigated and data corresponding to its influence on the decomposition of the calcined precursors and on the nanomorphology and surface concentration of reduced catalysts were presented in this contribution. The data presented here are supplementary material of the catalysts presented in the research article “Structure and activity of Cu/ZnO catalysts co-modified with aluminium and gallium for methanol synthesis” published in Catalysis Today [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- R Guil-López
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (CSIC), C/ Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Mota
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (CSIC), C/ Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Llorente
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (CSIC), C/ Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Millán
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (CSIC), C/ Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Pawelec
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (CSIC), C/ Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - R García
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (CSIC), C/ Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - R M Navarro
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (CSIC), C/ Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - J L G Fierro
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (CSIC), C/ Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Vázquez-Salas P, Huirache-Acuña R, Zepeda T, Alonso-Núñez G, Maya-Yescas R, Mota N, Pawelec B. Enhancement of dibenzothiophene hydrodesulphurization via hydrogenation route on NiMoW catalyst supported on HMS modified with Ti. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mota N, Guil-Lopez R, Pawelec BG, Fierro JLG, Navarro RM. Highly active Cu/ZnO–Al catalyst for methanol synthesis: effect of aging on its structure and activity. RSC Adv 2018; 8:20619-20629. [PMID: 35542371 PMCID: PMC9080870 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03291b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of aging of precipitates on the physical and catalytic properties of a copper/zinc oxide-aluminium (Cu/ZnO–Al) catalyst with an optimized composition (low Al concentration, Cu/Zn/Al = 68/29/3) prepared using co-precipitation has been investigated in detail. The change in the structure of precipitates with aging (from amorphous zincian georgeite to crystalline zincian malachite) strongly influences the micro- and nano-structure (Cu and ZnO crystallite size, exposed copper surface area, Cu–ZnO interactions and stability of ZnO) of the final Cu/ZnO–Al catalysts obtained after calcination and reduction of the precipitates. The results of catalytic activity in methanol synthesis from syngas show the higher intrinsic activity of the catalysts derived from aged zincian malachite precipitates as consequence of the increase in the exposed copper surface area and the Cu–ZnO contacts. The stability of catalysts under the reaction conditions was also improved in the catalysts derived from precipitates aged after crystallization of malachite. The catalyst derived from the precipitate removed close to the point of crystallization of malachite shows very poor activity in the methanol synthesis as consequence of its segregated large Cu crystallites in low contact with ZnO derived from the absence of carbonate retention after calcination of the precipitate and the presence of sodium species after conventional washing which favour the strong sintering and crystallization of Cu during reduction. The catalysts derived from precipitates aged after crystallization of zincian malachite show higher activity and stability![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Mota
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica-CSIC
- Calle de Marie Curie
- Madrid
- Spain
| | - R. Guil-Lopez
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica-CSIC
- Calle de Marie Curie
- Madrid
- Spain
| | - B. G. Pawelec
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica-CSIC
- Calle de Marie Curie
- Madrid
- Spain
| | - J. L. G. Fierro
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica-CSIC
- Calle de Marie Curie
- Madrid
- Spain
| | - R. M. Navarro
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica-CSIC
- Calle de Marie Curie
- Madrid
- Spain
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Leo IM, Soto E, Vaquero F, Mota N, Garcia B, Liuzzi D, Guil-López R, Navarro RM, Fierro JLG. Influence of the Reduction of Graphene Oxide with Hydroiodic Acid on the Structure and Photoactivity of CdS–rGO Hybrids. Top Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-017-0799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Preuss UW, Watzke S, Fehr C, Koller G, Soyka M, Wurst FM, Mouzas I, Grinakis E, Koulentaki M, Oustamanolakis P, Liodaki N, Stathaki D, Karpyak VM, Biernacka J, Geske J, Lewis K, Hall-Flavin D, Schneekloth T, Loukianova L, Frye M, Mrazek D, Durazzo TC, Cardenas VA, Mon A, Meyerhoff DJ, Mota N, Corral M, Parada M, Crego A, Lopez-Caneda E, Rodriguez-Holguin S, Cadaveira F, Mota N, Corral M, Parada M, Caamano-Isorna F, Gomez-Suarez AF, Rodriguez-Holguin S, Cadaveira F, Mioni D, Novara C, Bottesi G, Lazzaretto M, Pessa G, Ki S, Maurage P, Joassin F, de Timary P, Caamano F, Doallo-Pesado S, Salvadores J, Rodriguez-Holguin S, Corral M, Cadaveira F, Cvetkovic J, Milojkovic B, Djukic-Dejanovic S, Jovanovic M, Vuckovic N, Dickov A, Stijovic S, Arsenijevic V, Radivojevic V, Coric B, Jugovic V, Stanojevic A, Popovic V, Dimitrijevic V, Davidovic V. PSYCHIATRY * P61 * DIMENSIONS AND CATEGORIES OF DSM V CRITERIA IN AN INTERNATIONAL SAMPLE OF DRINKING SUBJECTS AND INPATIENT ALCOHOL-DEPENDENT INDIVIDUALS. Alcohol Alcohol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agr120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Vella L, Villoria J, Specchia S, Mota N, Fierro J, Specchia V. Catalytic partial oxidation of CH4 with nickel–lanthanum-based catalysts. Catal Today 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mota N, Mendoza G, Plata F, Martínez J, Lee H, Rojo R, Crosby M. Effect of exogenous glucoamylase enzymes and reduction of grain level on lamb performance. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2011.565188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Mota N, Álvarez-Galván MC, Villoria JA, Rosa F, Fierro JLG, Navarro RM. Reforming of Diesel Fuel for Hydrogen Production over Catalysts Derived from LaCo1−x M x O3 (M = Ru, Fe). Top Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-009-9376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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del Valle F, Ishikawa A, Domen K, Villoria de la Mano J, Sánchez-Sánchez M, González I, Herreras S, Mota N, Rivas M, Álvarez Galván M. Influence of Zn concentration in the activity of Cd1−xZnxS solid solutions for water splitting under visible light. Catal Today 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2008.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Inguimbert N, Coric P, Dhotel H, Bonnard E, Llorens-Cortes C, Mota N, Fournié-Zaluski MC, Roques BP. Synthesis and in vitro activities of new non-peptidic APA inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 65:175-88. [PMID: 15705162 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.2004.00211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase A (APA) is involved in the maturation of angiotensin III, a peptide which seems to be implicated in blood pressure regulation at the brain level. Therefore APA inhibitors are potential new antihypertensive agents with possible novel applications. With the aim of enhancing the bioavailability and potency of EC 33, the APA inhibitor (Ki = 300 nM) initially used in the earlier studies, we have synthesized new non-peptidic inhibitors able to interact with the S1 and S'1 subsites of the targeted enzyme. Compound 10a, (3S,4S)-3-amino-4-mercapto-6-phenyl-hexane-1-sulfonic acid was obtained using an asymmetric synthesis. Inhibitor 10a exhibits a Ki value of 30 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Inguimbert
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, Université René Descartes Paris V, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, INSERM U 640, CNRS UMR 8151, 4, avenue de l'observatoire, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
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Duarte M, Mota N, Pinto L, Videira A. Inactivation of the gene coding for the 30.4-kDa subunit of respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase: is the enzyme essential for Neurospora? Mol Gen Genet 1998; 257:368-75. [PMID: 9520272 DOI: 10.1007/s004380050659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We have isolated and characterised the nuclear gene that codes for the 30.4-kDa subunit of the peripheral arm of complex I from Neurospora crassa. The single-copy gene was localised on chromosome VI of the fungal genome by restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping. An extra copy of the gene was introduced into a strain of N. crassa by transformation. This strain was crossed with another strain in order to inactivate, by repeat-induced point mutations, both copies of the duplication carried by the parental transformant. Ascospore progeny from the cross were analysed and a mutant strain lacking the 30.4-kDa protein, nuo30.4, was isolated and further characterised. The mutant appears to assemble the membrane arm of complex I, while formation of the peripheral arm is prevented. Nevertheless, the mutant grows reasonably well--indicating that this well conserved protein is not essential for vegetative growth--and is able to mate with other strains both as male or female. Strains with multiple mutations are readily obtained from heterozygous crosses between different complex I mutants of N. crassa. On the other hand, homozygous crosses between several mutants, including nuo30.4, fail to produce ascospores. These results suggest that complex I plays an essential role during the sexual phase of the life cycle of the fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Duarte
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Lg. Prof. Abel Salazar 2, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
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da Silva MV, Alves PC, Duarte M, Mota N, Lobo-da-Cunha A, Harkness TA, Nargang FE, Videira A. Disruption of the nuclear gene encoding the 20.8-kDa subunit of NADH: ubiquinone reductase of Neurospora mitochondria. Mol Gen Genet 1996; 252:177-83. [PMID: 8804391 DOI: 10.1007/bf02173218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear gene coding for the 20.8-kDa subunit of the membrane arm of respiratory chain NADH: ubiquinone reductase (Complex I) from Neurospora crassa, nuo-20.8, was localized on linkage group I of the fungal genome. A genomic DNA fragment containing this gene was cloned and a duplication was created in a strain of N. crassa by transformation. To generate RIP (repeat-induced point) mutations in the duplicated sequence, the transformant was crossed with another strain carrying an auxotrophic marker on chromosome I. To increase the chance of finding an isolate with a non-functional nuo-20.8 gene, random progeny from the cross were selected against this auxotrophy since RIP of the target gene will only occur in the nucleus carrying the duplication. Among these, we isolated and characterised a mutant strain that lacks the 20.8 kDa mitochondrial protein, indicating that this cysteine-rich polypeptide is not essential. Nevertheless, the absence of the 20.8-kDa subunit prevents the full assembly of complex I. It appears that the peripheral arm and two intermediates of the membrane arm of the enzyme are still formed in the mutant mitochondria. The NADH: ubiquinone reductase activity of sonicated mitochondria from the mutant is rotenone insensitive. Electron microscopy of mutant mitochondria does not reveal any alteration in the structure or numbers of the organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V da Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
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Carballo J, Mota N, Barreto G, Colmenero F. Binding properties and colour of Bologna sausage made with varying fat levels, protein levels and cooking temperatures. Meat Sci 1995; 41:301-13. [DOI: 10.1016/0309-1740(95)00001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/1994] [Revised: 12/01/1994] [Accepted: 12/01/1994] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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