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Perlov NM, Shah SS, Bluj J, Urdang ZD, Chiffer RC. The Effect of Postoperative Naloxone in Certain Otolaryngologic Surgeries. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 170:1289-1295. [PMID: 38123881 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of postoperative naloxone with the development of new substance use disorder (SUD), overdose, and death within 6 months of otolaryngologic surgery. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort database study on TriNetX. METHODS Adult patients who underwent tonsil surgery (noncancerous), thyroid/parathyroid, septorhinoplasty, otology/neurotology, sinus/anterior skull base, and head and neck cancer surgeries between January 2003 and April 2023. Patients were excluded if they had an instance of SUD or overdose recorded in their charts prior to surgery, or had undergone another surgery within that 6-month time frame. We hypothesized that patients prescribed naloxone postoperatively would have decreased odds for experiencing new SUD, overdose, and/or death within 6 months of surgery compared to patients who did not receive naloxone. P < .01 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS There were 2,305,655 patients in this study. The average age was 36.7 ± 19.5 years old, with 46% female patients. Before matching, cohorts showed equivocal odds for developing new SUD, increased odds for overdose, and mixed odds for dying. After matching for demographic variables and comorbidities such as other substance use, opioid use for other pathologies, and psychiatric conditions, these effects diminished (P > .01). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that postoperative naloxone may not significantly affect development of new SUD and incident overdose and death in certain otolaryngologic surgeries after controlling for prior SUD and psychiatric conditions. Clinicians should be aware of these comorbidities when considering their postoperative pain management protocol, which may or may not include naloxone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Perlov
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sohan S Shah
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joann Bluj
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zachary D Urdang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rebecca C Chiffer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Tekumalla S, Perlov NM, Gokhale S, Awosanya S, Urdang ZD, Croce J, Bixler A, Willcox TO, Chiffer RC, Fitzgerald D. Evaluation of Subjective Tinnitus Severity and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions and Extended High-Frequency Audiometry. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024. [PMID: 38639322 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tinnitus is a multifactorial phenomenon with quality-of-life detriments for those affected by it. We aim to establish a relationship between subjective tinnitus severity with objective audiometric data in the extended high frequency (EHF) from 9 to 16 khz and with distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). We hypothesize that severe subjective tinnitus as measured by the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) does not correlate with increased hearing thresholds in the EHF range. STUDY DESIGN Prospective. SETTING Single Tertiary Care Center. METHODS Patients identified with tinnitus and normal hearing thresholds within standard frequency range (250-8000 Hz) were consented for participation. Those with underlying otologic disease, trauma, radiotherapy, or ototoxic drug use were excluded. The THI questionnaire was given to eligible patients and audiometric test results were collected. THI scores were categorized by severity groups. An n = 20 to 30 was determined to have an effect size of 0.7 with a significance level of P = .05. RESULTS THI and audiometric data were collected for 38 patients and categorized into mild (n = 18, 47.4%), moderate (n = 8, 21.1%), slight (n = 7, 18.4%), and severe (n = 5, 13.2%) tinnitus severity groups. Mean THI score was 32.3 ± 19.6 with a statistically significant difference in scores by assigned THI severity group (P < .01). There were no significant differences or linear relationship among hearing thresholds in EHF range or DPOAE stratified by subjective tinnitus group (P = .49, r2 = 0.10) CONCLUSION: Subjective tinnitus severity is not predictive of audiometric outcomes. This finding can be used as a counseling tool to help tinnitus patients manage symptoms, expectations, and overall treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruti Tekumalla
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Natalie M Perlov
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Saket Gokhale
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Samiat Awosanya
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zachary D Urdang
- Thomas Jefferson Hospital Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julia Croce
- Thomas Jefferson Hospital Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna Bixler
- Thomas Jefferson Hospital Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas O Willcox
- Thomas Jefferson Hospital Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rebecca C Chiffer
- Thomas Jefferson Hospital Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dennis Fitzgerald
- Thomas Jefferson Hospital Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Perlov NM, Li M, Patel J, Kumar AT, Urdang ZD, Willcox TO, Parkes W, Chiffer RC. Cognitive and language outcomes for pediatric hearing loss with otologic surgery. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 178:111889. [PMID: 38359620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.111889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that surgical otologic intervention for any type of pediatric hearing loss decreases the odds for incident adverse cognitive and linguistic developmental outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort database study. METHODS Electronic medical record data from the TriNetX Research Network were queried for children with congenital, sensorineural, conductive, and mixed hearing loss (HL) between ages 0 and 5 years. Patients were further stratified by presence (HL + surgery) or absence (HL-surgery) of surgical intervention at any point following diagnosis, including cochlear implantation, tympanoplasty with or without mastoidectomy, and tympanostomy. Primary outcomes were defined as odds for new adverse cognitive or linguistic outcomes at any point given HL treatment status [odds ratio with 95% confidence interval, (OR; 95%CI, p-value)]. Cohorts were balanced using propensity-score matching (PSM) based on US census-defined demographics and clinically relevant congenital conditions. RESULTS Of 457,636 total patients included in the study, 118,576 underwent surgery (HL + surgery cohort) and 339,060 did not (HL-surgery). In matched cohorts, surgical otologic intervention significantly decreased the odds of developing cognitive disorders including scholastic, motor, psychological developmental disorders, and pervasive developmental delays (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Surgical interventions for treatment of pediatric HL including cochlear implantation, tympanoplasty with or without mastoidectomy, and tympanostomy should be considered as they may prevent delays in development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marwin Li
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jena Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ayan T Kumar
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zachary D Urdang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas O Willcox
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca C Chiffer
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Li M, Perlov NM, Patel J, Amin D, Kumar A, Urdang ZD, Willcox TO, Chiffer RC. Association of Smoke and Nicotine Product Consumption With Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Population-Level Analysis. Otol Neurotol 2023; 44:1094-1099. [PMID: 37853788 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000004031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that use of cigarettes or other products with either cigarette-like smoke profile or high nicotine content by young populations increases the odds of developing sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING TriNetX US Collaborative Network (2003-2022). PATIENTS Approximately 3.6 million patients at least 18 years old. INTERVENTION None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome of interest was diagnosis of SNHL, defined using medical billing codes ( International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision , Current Procedural Terminology , etc.). Cohort inclusion criteria included electronic health record entry after 2003, age 18 to 54 or 55+ years at index, and status of cigarette, noncigarette nicotine, or cannabis use. Covariates were controlled via 1:1 propensity score matching for SNHL-related conditions, including diabetes mellitus and ischemic diseases. Odds for developing SNHL were calculated against control subjects aged 18 to 54 years who have no record of nicotine/cannabis use. RESULTS Odds for developing SNHL are higher for people 18 to 54 years old who use any nicotine product (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 5.91 [5.71-6.13]), cigarettes only (4.00 [3.69-4.33]), chewing tobacco only (9.04 [7.09-11.63]), or cannabis only (3.99 [3.60-4.44]) compared with control. People 55+ years old who use no products also showed increased odds for SNHL (4.73 [4.63-4.85]). CONCLUSIONS Both nicotine and smoke exposure seem to be strongly associated with increased odds for developing SNHL, with chewing tobacco having the strongest association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwin Li
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University
| | | | - Jena Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Dev Amin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Ayan Kumar
- Department of Otolaryngology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Zachary D Urdang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas O Willcox
- Department of Otolaryngology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Rebecca C Chiffer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia Pennsylvania
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Perlov NM, Urdang ZD, Spellun A, Middleton I, Croce J. DEAFMed: Deaf Education and Awareness for Medical Students. Am J Med Qual 2023; 38:209-210. [PMID: 37382308 DOI: 10.1097/jmq.0000000000000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Perlov
- Department of Otolaryngology and Audiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Zachary D Urdang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Audiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Arielle Spellun
- Department of Developmental Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Irina Middleton
- Department of Otolaryngology and Audiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Julia Croce
- Department of Otolaryngology and Audiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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Patadji S, Pantanowitz J, Perlov NM, Monaco SE. Diagnostic utility of arborizing stromal meshwork fragments in mucinous tumors. Diagn Cytopathol 2016; 44:805-10. [PMID: 27507063 DOI: 10.1002/dc.23553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arborizing stromal meshwork fragments (ASMFs) have been proposed as a useful clue to differentiate mucin associated with mucinous adenocarcinoma from contaminating mucus during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration. Our aim was to retrospectively review cytology cases with mucinous material to determine the utility of ASMFs in diagnosing mucinous tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Diff-Quik stained smears from archival cytology cases (N = 40) were reviewed, including adenocarcinomas with mucinous features, cystic mucinous neoplasms, and control cases with mucin contamination. Specimens were procured by image-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) (16 cases), endoscopic ultrasound-guided FNA (22 cases), pathologist-performed FNA (1 case), and fluid drainage (1 case). All cases were reviewed for ASMFs, which were defined as metachromatic, spidery extensions with frayed edges within a background of mucinous material. RESULTS ASMFs were identified in 4 (10% of cases, 14% of adenocarcinomas) cases of metastatic gastrointestinal mucinous adenocarcinomas in various locations (liver, lymph node, lung, and bone), but absent in mucin contamination. ASMFs in Diff-Quik stained smears were magenta-colored and corresponded to intervening stroma between dissecting mucin in the tumor. Nonarborizing desmoplastic stroma, inspissated mucus, cartilage fragments, transgressing vessels in renal cell carcinoma, and mucus-like material in pancreatic pseudocysts can morphologically mimic ASMFs. CONCLUSION These data show that ASMFs may be encountered in some (14%) cases of adenocarcinoma with mucinous differentiation. When present, ASMFs can be diagnostically helpful to differentiate adenocarcinoma with mucinous features from contaminating mucus, if reliably distinguished from mimics. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:805-810. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stell Patadji
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua Pantanowitz
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Natalie M Perlov
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sara E Monaco
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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