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Venugopalan P, Vidya N. Long pepper (Piper longum) derived carbon dots as fluorescent sensing probe for sensitive detection of Sudan I. LUMINESCENCE 2023; 38:401-409. [PMID: 36755504 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
In this piece of work, microwave-assisted conversion of a natural precursor in to high-valued nano-scale material was carried out by a completely greener method. The fluorescent carbon dots prepared, designated as long pepper derived carbon dots (LPCDs), have been thoroughly characterized to explore the physical and chemical properties. The system exhibits excitation dependent emission behavior and from the optimal studies the excitation and emission wavelength of the system was found to be 330 nm and 455 nm respectively. On account of the superior fluorescent behavior of the LPCDs, it was successfully employed as a fluorescent sensing probe to detect Sudan I with good level of selectivity and sensitivity. This carcinogenic dye extensively used as food adulterant can impart several health issues. Food product safety is of high concern, therefore a simple facile and economical analytical method was proposed based on the fluorescence of LPCDs for this dye detection with satisfactory statistical parameters. A linear relationship was maintained in the range of 0 to 27.27 μM Sudan I with limit of detection of 0.92 μM. The quenching mechanism was studied and finally attributed to Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism. In addition, the probe was effectively implemented for Sudan I detection in commercial chili powder samples with good level of recovery parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Venugopalan
- Department of Chemistry, Sree Neelakanta Government Sanskrit College (Affiliated to University of Calicut), Pattambi, Kerala, India
| | - N Vidya
- Department of Chemistry, Sree Neelakanta Government Sanskrit College (Affiliated to University of Calicut), Pattambi, Kerala, India
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Venugopalan P, Vidya N. Microwave-assisted green synthesis of carbon dots derived from wild lemon (Citrus pennivesiculata) leaves as a fluorescent probe for tetracycline sensing in water. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 286:122024. [PMID: 36308831 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report an eco-friendly biomass based completely greener microwave assisted synthesis of carbon dots from wild lemon leaves having superior photo-luminescent properties with moderately good quantum yield. The carbon dots synthesized (LLCDs) were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy, fluorescent, UV-vis absorption, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopic techniques. The quenching of native fluorescence of LLCDs observed with tetracycline antibiotic was made use to make it as a fluorescent probe. Tetracycline is widely used as a drug to treat various bacterial infections and as a growth promoter in variety of farming fields like aquaculture and feedstock's. The excessive usage of this antibiotic in farming fields caused severe water pollution and micro level detection of tetracycline in water system is highly demanded for the protection of health and environment. Based on the selective interaction of tetracycline with LLCDs, a simple and cost effective analytical method was proposed to detect tetracycline in water with satisfactory parameters. The limit of detection is 0.42 µM with a linear range of 0 to 27. 27 µM. The mechanism of quenching was investigated through various experiments and finally accredited to static quenching. Furthermore, the same method has been practically applied for tetracycline detection in natural water resources with acceptable recoveries ranging from 95.56 % to 101.93 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Venugopalan
- Department of Chemistry, Sree Neelakanta Government Sanskrit College (Affiliated to University of Calicut), Pattambi, Kerala 679306, India.
| | - N Vidya
- Department of Chemistry, Sree Neelakanta Government Sanskrit College (Affiliated to University of Calicut), Pattambi, Kerala 679306, India
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Venugopalan P, Vidya N. Microwave assisted green synthesis of carbon dots from sweet flag (Acorus calamus) for fluorescent sensing of 4-nitrophenol. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Kamble N, Bhattacharya A, Hegde S, Vidya N, Gothwal M, Yadav R, Pal PK. Cortical excitability changes as a marker of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 2022; 422:113733. [PMID: 34998797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment of different severity with eventual progression to dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) appears during the course of the disease. In this study, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to assess cortical excitability changes in PD patients with varying cognitive impairment. We aimed to identify the TMS parameters that could serve as a non-invasive marker of cognitive impairment in patients with PD. Consecutive PD patients were recruited in the study. Detailed neuropsychological assessment was carried out to identify PD without cognitive impairment (PD-nC), PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and PD with dementia (PDD). Twenty patients of PDD (2 females and 18 males), 20 PD-MCI (4 females and 16 males), 18 PD-nC (5 females, 13 males) and 18 healthy controls (4 females, and 14 males) were included in the study. All the participants underwent TMS with recording of resting motor threshold, central motor conduction time, silent period, short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF). All the groups were age matched. The SICI was present in all; however, significantly greater inhibition was noted in PDD (Mean±SD; 0.11±0.08) followed by PD-MCI (0.31±0.17), PD-nC (0.49±0.26) and controls (0.61±0.23; p<0.001). The ICF was significantly reduced in PDD (Mean±SD; 0.15±0.18), PD-MCI (0.55±0.31), PD-nC (0.96±0.59), when compared to healthy controls (1.81±0.83; p<0.001). Patients with PD-nC, PD-MCI and PDD had graded reduction in ICF and increasing intracortical inhibition as the disease progressed from PD-nC through PD-MCI to PDD. This suggests progressive overactivity of GABAergic transmission, glutaminergic deficiency with consequent reduction of cholinergic transmission leading to dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitish Kamble
- Departments of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Amitabh Bhattacharya
- Departments of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Shantala Hegde
- Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - N Vidya
- Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohit Gothwal
- Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi Yadav
- Departments of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Pal
- Departments of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India.
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Kesavan B, Srividhya KV, Krishnaswamy S, Raja M, Vidya N, Mohan AVSKK. Understanding the virulence of the entero-aggregative E. coli O104:H4. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:187-99. [PMID: 26561016 DOI: 10.1504/ijbra.2015.069185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
O104:H4 is a new strain of E. coli that has caused an outbreak in Germany. It was isolated from patients with bloody diarrhoea and Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). BGI (www.genomics.cn) sequenced and assembled this new strain. It was reported to show resistance to a number of drugs that are toxic to other E. coli and causes serious complications during infections, which ultimately lead to death. Multi-drug resistance and high virulence of this strain is thought to be acquired from different sources, by horizontal gene transfer. A total of 38 prophage elements were detected from the new strain by using three computational tools viz., DRAD, Prophage Finder and PHAST. Analysis on these prophage elements shows a number of virulence proteins like Shiga toxin and multi-drug resistance protein encoding genes. The high virulence of the strain could be attributed by the prophage elements acquired from its micro environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kesavan
- 1 Centre of Excellence in Bioinformatics, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K V Srividhya
- 2 Centre of Excellence in Bioinformatics, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Krishnaswamy
- 3 Centre of Excellence in Bioinformatics, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mugasimangalam Raja
- 4 Genotypic Technology Pvt Ltd., "Apurva" 4th Cross, 80 feet road, R.M.V. 2nd Stage, Bangalore 560094, Karnataka, India
| | - N Vidya
- 5 Genotypic Technology Pvt Ltd., "Apurva" 4th Cross, 80 feet road, R.M.V. 2nd Stage, Bangalore 560094, Karnataka, India
| | - A V S K Krishna Mohan
- 6 Genotypic Technology Pvt Ltd., "Apurva" 4th Cross, 80 feet road, R.M.V. 2nd Stage, Bangalore 560094, Karnataka, India
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a premalignant condition of oral cavity characterized by inflammation and progressive mucosal fibrosis. It has questionable pathogenesis. Mast cells (MC) have been associated with variety of inflammatory and fibrotic conditions, but little is known about their role in OSMF. Mast cells have been studied in normal gingiva, chronic inflammatory gingivitis, desquamative gingivitis, lichen planus, OSMF and oral cancer. Mast cells exhibit phenotypic plasticity. There is variation in the mast cell mediators with the change in the microenvironment, which makes the study of this cell in various diseases interesting. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective study was conducted to find possible correlation between MC in 25 cases of OSF, 10 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and 10 cases of normal buccal mucosa by means of acidified toluidine blue staining method. RESULTS The density of MC increased with disease progression. The densities of MC were significantly higher in OSMF than in normal buccal mucosa (p=0.001). The average numbers of MCs per square millimeter were 25, 49.50, 53.25 & 55.25 respectively. CONCLUSION The results suggest that MC have a definite role in initiation and progression of OSMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikumar Pujari
- Reader, Department Of Oral Pathology, Rajarajeshwari Dental College & Hospital, Bangalore
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Vidya N, Vadivukkarasi B, Manivannan G, Anbarasu K. Molecular modeling and docking studies of glutamate racemase in Vibrio vulnificus CMCP6. In Silico Biol 2008; 8:471-483. [PMID: 19374132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Identification of novel drug targets in silico in Vibrio vulnificus is important as it is one of the emerging pathogenic microorganisms. Glutamate racemase, an important constituent of bacterial cell wall is chosen for structure prediction using homology modeling. With the aid of tools and software like MODELLER and Swiss-PdbViewer, the 3D structure is predicted and the final model is refined by energy minimization. The quality of the refined model is assessed using PROCHECK. The interaction between the predicted structure of glutamate racemase and its potential inhibitors namely L-serine O-sulfate, (2R,4R)-2-amino-4-(2-benzo[b]thienyl)methyl pentanedioic acid, aziridino glutamate, exiguaquinol, gamma-2 naphthylmethyl-D-glutamate and D-glutamine is analysed in silico by Autodock. The results indicate that certain residues like Aspl3, Tyr45, Gly46, Asn78, Thr79, Cys185, His187 are highly conserved across the active site stretches of different bacterial species and may possibly assume precedence over the other residues for inhibitory action. This study provides an insight into the structure of glutamate racemase in V. vulnificus and also gives an idea about potential sites responsible for inhibitory action that could further be substantiated by experimental investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Vidya
- Department of Bioinformatics, HelixlnfoSystems, 132A, II Floor, Sterling Towers, IV Cross Street, Sterling Road, Chennai-600034, India
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Komal Kumar RN, Taly AB, Nair KPS, Sinha S, Prashanth LK, Vidya N, Arunodaya GR, Rao S. Quality of life in Wilson's disease. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2008; 11:37-40. [PMID: 19966977 PMCID: PMC2781144 DOI: 10.4103/0972-2327.40224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2007] [Revised: 02/17/2007] [Accepted: 02/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of Quality of life (QoL) is fast assuming significance as the measure of health in many disorders. AIM To correlate clinical severity and QoL in patients with Wilson's disease (WD). MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated patients of WD on regular follow up for at least two years and aged over 18 years using Neurological Symptom Score (NSS) for clinical severity and WHO-BREF for QoL at a university teaching hospital. Patients with inability to respond to the questionnaire due to behavioral problems, low IQ or other disease related factors were excluded. These 30 patients (M:F:: 23:7) had a mean age of 27.97 +/- 11.16 years at evaluation and the mean duration of treatment of 9.2 +/- 6.4 years. RESULTS All four domains of WHO-QoL-BREF viz., Physical, Psychological, Social and Environmental correlated well with each other (p < 0.01). The NSS correlated inversely with the physical domain (p < 0.02), while the duration of treatment had a positive correlation with the physical domain (p < 0.01). None of the other features of QoL showed any significant correlation with age, NSS or duration of treatment. CONCLUSION QoL is complementary to formal neurological assessment and should be routinely incorporated in the evaluation of outcome of patients with WD and other chronic neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. N. Komal Kumar
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - A. B. Taly
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - K. P. S. Nair
- Department of Psychiatric and Neurological Rehabilitation, National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - S. Sinha
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - L. K. Prashanth
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - N. Vidya
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - G. R. Arunodaya
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - S. Rao
- Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
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Vidya N, Thiagarajan R, Arumugam M. In vitro generation of superoxide anion by the hemocytes ofMacrobrachium rosenbergii: possible mechanism and pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 307:383-96. [PMID: 17541938 DOI: 10.1002/jez.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The hemocytes from the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii were examined for their ability to generate superoxide anion (O(2) (-)) in vitro upon exposure to various components derived from microbial cell wall components. Among the test molecules, laminarin (a polymer of beta-1, 3 glucans), mannan and LPS from five different bacterial species produced a differential response in terms of stimulated O(2) (-) production in prawn hemocytes, suggesting the ability of the hemocytes to differentiate non-self. This response was almost completely inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD) suggesting SOD-inhibitable O(2) (-) generation by prawn hemocytes. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Ca ionophore led to enhanced O(2) (-) generation by the hemocytes and this suggests the possible role of protein kinase C and Ca(2+) ions in such generation. Cytochemical analysis using nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)-staining revealed the importance of granular hemocytes in O(2) (-) generation in these prawns. Inhibition of O(2) (-) generation by inhibitors of NADPH-oxidase and phenoloxidase pathways clearly reveal the involvement of two different pathways in non-self stimulated O(2) (-) generation by the prawn hemocytes. These findings demonstrate the importance of O(2) (-) generation and role of possible pathways in hemocyte mediated cellular immune response of a crustacean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Vidya
- Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, India
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Nair V, Vidya N, Abhilash K. Efficient Condensation Reactions of Electron-Rich Arenes with Aldehydes and Enals Promoted by Gold(III) Chloride: Practical Synthesis of Triaryl- and Triheteroarylmethanes and Related Compounds. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-950209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Nair V, Vidya N, Biju A, Deepthi A, Abhilash K, Suresh E. DMAP catalyzed reaction of β-ketoesters and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate: efficient synthesis of polysubstituted benzenes and biaryls. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nair V, Vidya N, Abhilash K. Gold(III) chloride promoted addition of electron-rich heteroaromatic compounds to the CC and CO bonds of enals. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.02.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nair V, Dhanya R, Vidya N, Devipriya S. Lewis Acid Catalyzed Addition of Allylsilane too-Quinonediimides: Formal Diels-Alder Reaction versus Allylation. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-918494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Nair V, Abhilash KG, Vidya N. Practical Synthesis of Triaryl- and Triheteroarylmethanes by Reaction of Aldehydes and Activated Arenes Promoted by Gold(III) Chloride. Org Lett 2005; 7:5857-9. [PMID: 16354084 DOI: 10.1021/ol052423h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Electron-rich arenes condense efficiently with various aldehydes under the influence of AuCl3, thus opening up a practical route to triarylmethanes, which have important applications. The mild conditions employed are especially noteworthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Nair
- Organic Chemistry Division, Regional Research Laboratory (CSIR), Trivandrum-695019, India.
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Nair V, Thomas S, Mathew SC, Vidya N, Rath NP. Electrophilic substitution reactions of trisheteroarylmethanes: an efficient strategy to develop novel synthons for organic synthesis. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Nair V, Rema Devi B, Vidya N, Menon RS, Abhilash N, Rath NP. Novel pyridine catalysed reactions of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) and arylmethylidenemalononitriles: a stereoselective synthesis of highly substituted buta-1,3-dienes. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.02.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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