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Chouksey P, Yadav NS, Hazari P, Saxena V, Mahajan H, Narwani S, Somkuwar K, Alzahrani AH, Alqahtani SM, Robaian A, Alamoudi A, Zidane B, Albar N, Baeshen HA, Patil S. In Vitro Evaluation of marginal adaptation of polyether ether ketone and zirconia copings. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:701-708. [PMID: 37470642 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_701_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has emerged as a new thermoplastic material with potential applications as a restorative material. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the marginal adaptation of PEEK copings compared to zirconia copings using field emission scanning electron microscopy. Materials and Methods A freshly extracted maxillary central incisor was prepared for a full-coverage restoration following standard principles of tooth preparation. The tooth was sent to a laboratory for fabrication of samples using computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). Twenty samples of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) copings (group A) and 20 of zirconia copings were fabricated (group B). The copings were scanned under a field emission scanning electron microscope and measurements were taken at four distinct points. The marginal adaptation over the buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal margins for both groups was evaluated. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t test were applied. Results Our findings indicate that PEEK showed better marginal adaptation than zirconia at all measurement points. The mean marginal gap value of the PEEK group was 33.99 ± 8.81 μm and of the zirconia group was 56.21 ± 15.07 μm. On comparing marginal adaptation among the mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual aspects, PEEK showed better adaptation on all four margins, with the best adaptation on the buccal margin that had the lowest mean gap value of 29.27 ± 6.07 μm. The zirconia group adapted best at the distal margin, with a lowest mean gap value of 53.58 ± 15.25 μm (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion PEEK copings had better marginal adaptation and fit compared to zirconia copings. It may have applications as a restorative material in fixed prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chouksey
- Peoples Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - N S Yadav
- Department of Prosthodontics Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Peoples Dental Academy, Peoples University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - P Hazari
- Department of Prosthodontics Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Peoples Dental Academy, Peoples University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - V Saxena
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - H Mahajan
- Department of Prosthodontics Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Peoples Dental Academy, Peoples University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - S Narwani
- Department of Prosthodontics Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Peoples Dental Academy, Peoples University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - K Somkuwar
- Department of Prosthodontics Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Peoples Dental Academy, Peoples University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - A H Alzahrani
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif- 90813, Saudi Arabia
| | - S M Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Robaian
- Conservative Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj- 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alamoudi
- Oral Biology Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah- 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - B Zidane
- Restorative Dentistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah- 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Albar
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry Jazan University, Jazan- 45412, Saudi Arabia
| | - H A Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UTAH-84095, USA; Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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Waseem R, Singh Yadav N, Khan T, Ahmad F, Naqui Kazim S, Hassan I, Prakash A, Islam A. Molecular Basis of Structural Stability of Irisin: A Combined Molecular Dynamics Simulation and In vitro Studies for Urea-induced Denaturation. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Singh I, Singh S, Ojha KK, Yadav NS. Designing Self-Inhibitory fusion peptide analogous to viral spike protein against novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:11357-11372. [PMID: 34379031 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1960192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a highly contagious viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is declared pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is a key component playing a pivotal role in facilitating viral fusion as well as release of genome into the host cell. Till date there is no clinically approved vaccine or drug available against Covid-19. We designed four hydrophobic inhibitory peptides (ITPs) based on WWIHS (Wimley and White interfacial hydrophobicity scale) score, targeting the HR1 domain of spike protein. Two inhibitory peptides out of four have a strong affinity to the hydrophobic surface of HR1 domain in pre-fusion spike protein. The MD simulation result showed the strong accommodation of ITPs with HR1 domain surface. These self-inhibitory peptides mimic the function of HR2 by binding to HR1 domain, thus inhibiting the formation of HR1-HR2 post-fusion complex, which is a key structure for virus-host tropism.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indra Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Shalini Singh
- School of Biochemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Ojha
- Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
| | - Neetu Singh Yadav
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
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4
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Yadav NS, Kumar P, Singh I. Structural and functional analysis of protein. Bioinformatics 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-89775-4.00026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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5
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Agnihotry S, Agrawal P, Ajjarapu SM, Avashthi H, Awasthi A, Bani Baker Q, Bhandawat A, Bishnoi R, Chandra M, Chatterjee T, Chaudhary KK, Choubey J, Choudhari J, Gautam B, Goswami K, Harbola A, Hussain I, Jaiswar A, Jasrotia RS, Junior MC, Kaur S, Kesharwani RK, Kumar I, Kumar P, Kumar S, Manchanda M, Maurya R, Mishra A, Mishra B, Mishra P, Mishra S, Mittal S, Narad P, Naresh G, Negi A, Negi D, Ojha KK, Pant S, Pathak RK, Ramteke PW, Redhu N, Roy J, Sahariah B, Sanan-Mishra N, Saxena R, Sengupta A, Sharma G, Sharma H, Sharma PK, Sharma V, Sharma V, Shivam, Shrinet J, Shukla A, Shukla R, Shukla S, Singh A, Singh A, Singh DB, Singh I, Singh P, Singh PK, Singh R, Singh S, Singh S, Singh SP, Singh TR, Singh VK, Singla D, Sote WO, Tandon G, Thakur Z, Tiwari A, Tiwari A, Tyagi R, Verma M, Verma S, Yadav AK, Yadav IS, Yadav MK, Yadav N, Yadav NS, Yadav S. List of contributors. Bioinformatics 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-89775-4.00031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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6
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Wadhwa R, Yadav NS, Katiyar SP, Yaguchi T, Lee C, Ahn H, Yun CO, Kaul SC, Sundar D. Molecular dynamics simulations and experimental studies reveal differential permeability of withaferin-A and withanone across the model cell membrane. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2352. [PMID: 33504873 PMCID: PMC7840742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81729-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor bioavailability due to the inability to cross the cell membrane is one of the major reasons for the failure of a drug in clinical trials. We have used molecular dynamics simulations to predict the membrane permeability of natural drugs-withanolides (withaferin-A and withanone) that have similar structures but remarkably differ in their cytotoxicity. We found that whereas withaferin-A, could proficiently transverse through the model membrane, withanone showed weak permeability. The free energy profiles for the interaction of withanolides with the model bilayer membrane revealed that whereas the polar head group of the membrane caused high resistance for the passage of withanone, the interior of the membrane behaves similarly for both withanolides. The solvation analysis further revealed that the high solvation of terminal O5 oxygen of withaferin-A was the major driving force for its high permeability; it interacted with the phosphate group of the membrane that led to its smooth passage across the bilayer. The computational predictions were tested by raising and recruiting unique antibodies that react to withaferin-A and withanone. The time-lapsed analyses of control and treated cells demonstrated higher permeation of withaferin-A as compared to withanone. The concurrence between the computation and experimental results thus re-emphasised the use of computational methods for predicting permeability and hence bioavailability of natural drug compounds in the drug development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Wadhwa
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305 8565, Japan
| | - Neetu Singh Yadav
- DAILAB, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - Shashank P Katiyar
- DAILAB, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - Tomoko Yaguchi
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305 8565, Japan
| | - Chohee Lee
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305 8565, Japan.,Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsinmi-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyomin Ahn
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305 8565, Japan.,Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsinmi-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.,GeneMedicine Co., Ltd, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsinmi-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.,GeneMedicine Co., Ltd, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunil C Kaul
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305 8565, Japan.
| | - Durai Sundar
- DAILAB, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India.
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7
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Motiwale M, Yadav NS, Kumar S, Kushwaha T, Choudhir G, Sharma S, Singour PK. Finding potent inhibitors for COVID-19 main protease (Mpro): an in silico approach using SARS-CoV-3CL protease inhibitors for combating CORONA. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:1534-1545. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1829501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Motiwale
- Computational and Synthetic Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Bhopal, India
| | - Neetu Singh Yadav
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Botany, Shaheed Mangal Pandey Govt. P.G. College, Madhavpurum, Meerut, India
| | - Tushar Kushwaha
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Supriya Sharma
- Computational and Synthetic Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Bhopal, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Singour
- Computational and Synthetic Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Bhopal, India
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8
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Yadav NS, Choudhury D. Conformational perturbation of peptides in presence of polar organic solvents. J Mol Graph Model 2019; 89:1-12. [PMID: 30831385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The critical role played by solvent environment in maintaining the conformational integrity of peptides and proteins is accepted without question. Numerous experiments have suggested that perturbing the solvent environment of peptides and proteins by the addition of polar organic solvents have important consequences for the conformation of these molecules. However, experimental studies of such perturbations often report different kinds of effects depending on the solvent used and/or the sequence/structure of the molecule under study. In this work we report a simulation based comparative study on the effects of adding two common organic solvents viz. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and Acetonitrile (MeCN) on the dynamical conformation of a test peptide Ace-Gly-X-Gly-Nme where X is any amino acid. Our studies identify important differences in peptide solvation by these two solvents, which we attempt to correlate with the kinetic stability of the conformation, as well as the identity of the central 'X' residue in the test peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Singh Yadav
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Devapriya Choudhury
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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9
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Yadav NS, Choudhury D. A statistical geometry analysis of simulated water-DMSO and water-MeCN binary mixtures for biomolecular studies. Bioinformation 2018; 14:350-356. [PMID: 30262971 PMCID: PMC6143356 DOI: 10.6026/97320630014350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and water-Acetonitrile (MeCN) binary mixtures at various molar ratios ranging from 0 to 1 are
studied using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Hydration properties of water in different regions of MeCN/DMSO are
investigated by using the statistical geometry approach. The obtained results reveal that in water-DMSO simulations both water and
solvent molecules prefer to be in mixed cluster forms, depending upon the concentration of DMSO. While in case of water-MeCN
mixtures, self-association of water and acetonitrile molecules, take place, showing microheterogeneity associated with the water-
MeCN binary mixtures. The results highlight the utility of statistical geometric analysis of MD simulation data of binary liquid
mixtures for rapid screening of polar organic solvents in non-aqueous enzymology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Singh Yadav
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Devapriya Choudhury
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India
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10
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Kaur J, Yadav NS, Singh MK, Khan MJ, Sen S, Dixit A, Choudhury D. Role of Ser65, His148 and Thr203 in the Organic Solvent-dependent Spectral Shift in Green Fluorescent Protein. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 95:543-555. [PMID: 30240005 DOI: 10.1111/php.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The photophysics of green fluorescent protein (GFP) is remarkable because of its exceptional property of excited state proton transfer (ESPT) and the presence of a functional proton wire. Another interesting property of wild-type GFP is that its absorption and fluorescence excitation spectra are sensitive to the presence of polar organic solvents even at very low concentrations. Here, we use a combination of methodologies including site-specific mutagenesis, absorption spectroscopy, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations in explicit solvent, to uncover the mechanism behind the unique spectral sensitivity of GFP toward organic solvents. Based on the evidences provided herein, we suggest that organic solvent-induced changes in the proton wire prevent ground state movement of a proton through the wire and thus bring about the spectral changes observed. The present study can not only help to understand the mechanism of proton transfer by further dissecting the intricate steps in GFP photophysics but also encourages to develop GFP-based organic solvent biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvir Kaur
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Neetu Singh Yadav
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Mohd Jahir Khan
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sobhan Sen
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Aparna Dixit
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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11
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Yadav NS, Vanderleyden J, Bennett DR, Barnes WM, Chilton MD. Short direct repeats flank the T-DNA on a nopaline Ti plasmid. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 79:6322-6. [PMID: 16593241 PMCID: PMC347113 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.79.20.6322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Crown gall disease results from the insertion of a segment of the Agrobacterium Ti plasmid, called T-DNA, into host plant nuclear DNA. We have subjected to sequence analysis the border regions of pTi T37 (ends of T-DNA) and one left T-DNA/plant DNA border fragment isolated from BT37 tobacco teratoma by molecular cloning. These sequence studies, taken together with published sequence of a right T-DNA/plant DNA border fragment, allowed us to identify the positions of left and right borders at the DNA sequence level. Comparison of left and right border regions of the Ti plasmid revealed a "core" direct repeat of 13 of 14 bases (12 contiguous) precisely at the borders of T-DNA. An extended repeat of 21 of 25 bases overlaps this core repeat. T-DNA on the Ti plasmid exhibits no longer direct or inverted repeats in the border regions, based on Southern hybridization studies. The physical structure of T-DNA differs from that of known prokaryotic and eukaryotic transposable elements but bears a structural resemblance to the prophage of bacteriophage lambda.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Yadav
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jain
- Department of ENT and Pathology, Pt. B.D. Sharma Medical College and Hospital, Rohtak
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13
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Hitz WD, Carlson TJ, Booth JR, Kinney AJ, Stecca KL, Yadav NS. Cloning of a higher-plant plastid omega-6 fatty acid desaturase cDNA and its expression in a cyanobacterium. Plant Physiol 1994; 105:635-641. [PMID: 8066133 PMCID: PMC159404 DOI: 10.1104/pp.105.2.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Oligomers based on amino acids conserved between known plant omega-3 and cyanobacterium omega-6 fatty acid desaturases were used to screen an Arabidopsis cDNA library for related sequences. An identified clone encoding a novel desaturase-like polypeptide was used to isolate its homologs from Glycine max and Brassica napus. The plant deduced amino acid sequences showed less than 27% similarity to known plant omega-6 and omega-3 desaturases but more than 48% similarity to cyanobacterial omega-6 desaturase, and they contained putative plastid transit sequences. Thus, we deduce that the plant cDNAs encode the plastid omega-6 desaturase. The identity was supported by expression of the B. napus cDNA in cyanobacterium. Synechococcus transformed with a chimeric gene that contains a prokaryotic promoter fused to the rapeseed cDNA encoding all but the first 73 amino acids partially converted its oleic acid fatty acid to linoleic acid, and the 16:1(9c) fatty acid was converted primarily to 16:2(9c, 12) in vivo. Thus, the plant omega-6 desaturase, which utilizes 16:1(7c) in plants, can utilize 16:1(9c) in the cyanobacterium. The plastid and cytosolic homologs of plant omega-6 desaturases are much more distantly related than those of omega-3 desaturases.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D Hitz
- E.I. duPont de Nemours & Co., Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0402
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Yadav NS, Wierzbicki A, Aegerter M, Caster CS, Pérez-Grau L, Kinney AJ, Hitz WD, Booth JR, Schweiger B, Stecca KL. Cloning of higher plant omega-3 fatty acid desaturases. Plant Physiol 1993; 103:467-76. [PMID: 8029334 PMCID: PMC159005 DOI: 10.1104/pp.103.2.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA transformants were screened for mutations affecting seed fatty acid composition. A mutant line was found with reduced levels of linolenic acid (18:3) due to a T-DNA insertion. Genomic DNA flanking the T-DNA insertion was used to obtain an Arabidopsis cDNA that encodes a polypeptide identified as a microsomal omega-3 fatty acid desaturase by its complementation of the mutation. Analysis of lipid content in transgenic tissues demonstrated that this enzyme is limiting for 18:3 production in Arabidopsis seeds and carrot hairy roots. This cDNA was used to isolate a related Arabidopsis cDNA, whose mRNA is accumulated to a much higher level in leaf tissue relative to root tissue. This related cDNA encodes a protein that is a homolog of the microsomal desaturase but has an N-terminal extension deduced to be a transit peptide, and its gene maps to a position consistent with that of the Arabidopsis fad D locus, which controls plastid omega-3 desaturation. These Arabidopsis cDNAs were used as hybridization probes to isolate cDNAs encoding homologous proteins from developing seeds of soybean and rapeseed. The high degree of sequence similarity between these sequences suggests that the omega-3 desaturases use a common enzyme mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Yadav
- Agricultural Products, E. I. duPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0402
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Sharma S, Singhal S, Sandhu AP, Ghoshal S, Gupta BD, Yadav NS. Local thermo-radiotherapy in carcinoma cervix: improved local control versus increased incidence of distant metastasis. Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol 1991; 17:5-12. [PMID: 2064591 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.1991.tb00244.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In 1986, 50 patients with stages II and III carcinoma of the cervix were entered into this prospective randomized study. Twenty-five cases (Group I) were treated only by radical radiation whereas remaining 25 cases (Group II) received local hyperthermia in addition to radical radiation. Hyperthermia was delivered by intracavitary brachyhyperthermia approach using an endotract applicator. Both the groups were followed up for a minimum period of 18 months. Group II patients achieved better local control (14 out of 20 evaluable cases) than the Group I patients (11 out of 22 evaluable cases). A disturbing observation was the increased incidence of distant metastasis in Group II (4 out of 23 cases) as compared to Group I (1 out of 23 cases), though most of them remained disease free locally. The increasing use of hyperthermia in the management of various cancers needs to be reviewed in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sharma
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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16
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Odell JT, Caimi PG, Yadav NS, Mauvais CJ. Comparison of increased expression of wild-type and herbicide-resistant acetolactate synthase genes in transgenic plants, and indication of posttranscriptional limitation on enzyme activity. Plant Physiol 1990; 94:1647-54. [PMID: 16667898 PMCID: PMC1077433 DOI: 10.1104/pp.94.4.1647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Genes encoding wild type acetolactate synthase (ALS) and a sulfonylurea herbicide-resistant form of the enzyme, isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana, were expressed in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants under the control of their native promoters or of the highly active cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Expression of the wild type coding region from the 35S promoter resulted in a small, threefold increase in sulfonylurea tolerance above the levels measured in tissue expressing the native wild type gene. A much larger, 300-fold increase in herbicide tolerance was conferred by the mutant gene encoding a herbicide-resistant ALS. An additional 10-fold increase in tolerance was attained by expressing this coding region from the 35S promoter. The increase in both wild type and mutant gene expression directed by the 35S promoter resulted in over 25-fold higher levels of ALS messenger RNA in some transformants as compared with those expressing the native genes. However, ALS specific activity increased at most twofold, indicating that the amount of functional enzyme and messenger RNA are not correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Odell
- Agricultural Products Department, Experimental Station, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0402
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Sharma S, Sandhu AP, Patel FD, Ghoshal S, Gupta BD, Yadav NS. Side-effects of local hyperthermia: results of a prospectively randomized clinical study. Int J Hyperthermia 1990; 6:279-85. [PMID: 2182746 DOI: 10.3109/02656739009141138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1986, 25 patients with stage II and III carcinoma of the cervix were treated by a combination of radiation and local hyperthermia using an endotract intravaginal applicator. Another 25 patients were treated with radiation alone. Both groups were followed up for a minimum period of 18 months. The acute and long-term toxicity of local hyperthermia was closely monitored. Our study shows that whereas local hyperthermia adds significantly to the local control achieved with radiation alone, it is not in any way associated with any significant short- or long-term toxicity, and does not enhance the radiation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sharma
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Yadav NS. Molecular biology of plant cell transformation. Results Probl Cell Differ 1986; 12:109-42. [PMID: 3529269 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-39836-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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19
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Yadav NS, Filner P. Tubulin from cultured tobacco cells: isolation and identification based on similarities to brain tubulin. Planta 1983; 157:46-52. [PMID: 24263944 DOI: 10.1007/bf00394539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/1982] [Accepted: 11/05/1982] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The microtubule protein, tubulin, was isolated from most other proteins of cell suspension cultures of Nicotiana tabacum L. by its copolymerization with cow-brain tubulin. Cow-brain tubulin was added to the soluble protein fraction of extract from (35)S-labeled tobacco cells and subjected to two cycles of temperature-dependent assembly-disassembly (copolymerization). When analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) about 70% of the radioactivity in the twice copolymerized protein was found in a prominent doublet migrating close to the doublet of brain tubulin. When analyzed by two-dimensional isoelectric-focusing-SDS-PAGE the radioactive doublet behaved like the doublet of brain tubulin. Limited proteolysis of the individual polypeptides of the coublets showed that, while the peptide maps of the leading radioactive band and of the β-subunit of brain tubulin were virtually indistinguishable, the maps of the trailing radioactive band and of the α-subunit of brain tubulin, though similar, were not identical. Most of the copolymerized (35)S-labeled protein also behaved like brain tubulin during gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. It is concluded that the doublet of radioactive polypeptides isolated by copolymerization with brain tubulin are tobacco tubulin polypeptides that have, in their native as well as denatured forms, properties very similar to, but not identical with, cow brain tubulin. Apparently, tubulin has been highly conserved during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Yadav
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Lal H, Saini AS, Yadav NS, Dhatt PS. Leucocyte protein and free alpha amino nitrogen levels in marasmus. Indian Pediatr 1981; 18:523-5. [PMID: 6796513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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21
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Rao BC, Yadav NS. Primary soft tissue plasmacytoma. J Indian Dent Assoc 1975; 47:453-5. [PMID: 1075003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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