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Indelicato E, Boesch S, Mencacci NE, Ghezzi D, Prokisch H, Winkelmann J, Zech M. Dystonia in ATP Synthase Defects: Reconnecting Mitochondria and Dopamine. Mov Disord 2024; 39:29-35. [PMID: 37964479 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Indelicato
- Center for Rare Movement Disorders Innsbruck, Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Sylvia Boesch
- Center for Rare Movement Disorders Innsbruck, Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Niccolo' E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniele Ghezzi
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
- DZPG, Deutsches Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
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Iodice A, Carecchio M, Zorzi G, Garavaglia B, Spagnoli C, Salerno GG, Frattini D, Mencacci NE, Invernizzi F, Veneziano L, Mantuano E, Angriman M, Fusco C. Corrigendum to "Restless legs syndrome in NKX2-1-related chorea: An expansion of the disease spectrum" [Brain Dev. 41 (2019) 250-256]. Brain Dev 2019; 41:643. [PMID: 31053344 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Iodice
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - M Carecchio
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatric Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - G Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - B Garavaglia
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - C Spagnoli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - G G Salerno
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - D Frattini
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - N E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - F Invernizzi
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - L Veneziano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
| | - E Mantuano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
| | - M Angriman
- Child Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital of Bolzano, Italy
| | - C Fusco
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Balint B, Charlesworth G, Stamelou M, Carr L, Mencacci NE, Wood NW, Bhatia KP. Mitochondrial complex I NUBPL mutations cause combined dystonia with bilateral striatal necrosis and cerebellar atrophy. Eur J Neurol 2019; 26:1240-1243. [PMID: 30897263 PMCID: PMC6767441 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose The recent advances in genetics have helped to unravel the cause of many dystonia syndromes. With the broadening spectrum of genetically defined dystonia syndromes, distinct clinico‐radiological phenotypes are a welcome handle to guide the diagnostic work‐up. Methods Exome sequencing was used to elucidate the genetic cause of a syndrome characterized by generalized dystonia, pyramidal and cerebellar involvement, with bilateral striatal necrosis (BSN) and cerebellar atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging. Homozygosity mapping and linkage analysis were used in a supportive role. Known genetic causes of BSN were excluded by use of exome data or Sanger sequencing. Results Compound heterozygous mutations were identified in the NUBPL gene in a small UK kindred. The gene lay in a region of positive linkage and segregated with disease in a family of six individuals. Conclusion NUBPL mutations cause early onset, autosomal recessive generalized dystonia with cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal signs, preserved cognition and a distinct magnetic resonance imaging appearance with BSN and cerebellar atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Balint
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Charlesworth
- Department of Neurology, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Stamelou
- Second Department of Neurology, Attiko Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - L Carr
- Neuroscience Department, GOSH, London, UK
| | - N E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - N W Wood
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - K P Bhatia
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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Celardo I, Costa AC, Lehmann S, Jones C, Wood N, Mencacci NE, Mallucci GR, Loh SHY, Martins LM. Mitofusin-mediated ER stress triggers neurodegeneration in pink1/parkin models of Parkinson's disease. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2271. [PMID: 27336715 PMCID: PMC5143399 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in PINK1 and PARKIN cause early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD), thought to be due to mitochondrial toxicity. Here, we show that in Drosophila pink1 and parkin mutants, defective mitochondria also give rise to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signalling, specifically to the activation of the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR). We show that enhanced ER stress signalling in pink1 and parkin mutants is mediated by mitofusin bridges, which occur between defective mitochondria and the ER. Reducing mitofusin contacts with the ER is neuroprotective, through suppression of PERK signalling, while mitochondrial dysfunction remains unchanged. Further, both genetic inhibition of dPerk-dependent ER stress signalling and pharmacological inhibition using the PERK inhibitor GSK2606414 were neuroprotective in both pink1 and parkin mutants. We conclude that activation of ER stress by defective mitochondria is neurotoxic in pink1 and parkin flies and that the reduction of this signalling is neuroprotective, independently of defective mitochondria. A video abstract for this article is available online in the supplementary information
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Affiliation(s)
- I Celardo
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - A C Costa
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - S Lehmann
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - C Jones
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - N Wood
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - N E Mencacci
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - G R Mallucci
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Clifford Allbutt Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB1 0HN, UK
| | - S H Y Loh
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - L M Martins
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
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Sadnicka A, Teo JT, Kojovic M, Pareés I, Saifee TA, Kassavetis P, Schwingenschuh P, Katschnig-Winter P, Stamelou M, Mencacci NE, Rothwell JC, Edwards MJ, Bhatia KP. All in the blink of an eye: new insight into cerebellar and brainstem function in DYT1 and DYT6 dystonia. Eur J Neurol 2014; 22:762-7. [PMID: 25039324 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Traditionally dystonia has been considered a disorder of basal ganglia dysfunction. However, recent research has advocated a more complex neuroanatomical network. In particular, there is increasing interest in the pathophysiological role of the cerebellum. Patients with cervical and focal hand dystonia have impaired cerebellar associative learning using the paradigm eyeblink conditioning. This is perhaps the most direct evidence to date that the cerebellum is implicated in patients. METHODS Eleven patients with DYT1 dystonia and five patients with DYT6 dystonia were examined and rates of eyeblink conditioning were compared with age-matched controls. A marker of brainstem excitability, the blink reflex recovery, was also studied in the same groups. RESULTS Patients with DYT1 and DYT6 dystonia have a normal ability to acquire conditioned responses. Blink reflex recovery was enhanced in DYT1 but this effect was not seen in DYT6. CONCLUSIONS If the cerebellum is an important driver in DYT1 and DYT6 dystonia our data suggest that there is specific cerebellar dysfunction such that the circuits essential for conditioning function normally. Our data are contrary to observations in focal dystonia and suggest that the cerebellum may have a distinct role in different subsets of dystonia. Evidence of enhanced blink reflex recovery in all patients with dystonia was not found and recent studies calling for the blink recovery reflex to be used as a diagnostic test for dystonic tremor may require further corroboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sadnicka
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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