1
|
Burton MJ, Cresser-Brown J, Thomas M, Portolano N, Basran J, Freeman SL, Kwon H, Bottrill AR, Llansola-Portoles MJ, Pascal AA, Jukes-Jones R, Chernova T, Schmid R, Davies NW, Storey NM, Dorlet P, Moody PCE, Mitcheson JS, Raven EL. Correction: Discovery of a heme-binding domain in a neuronal voltage-gated potassium channel. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101754. [PMID: 35247676 PMCID: PMC8897671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
2
|
Burton MJ, Cresser-Brown J, Thomas M, Portolano N, Basran J, Freeman SL, Kwon H, Bottrill AR, Llansola-Portoles MJ, Pascal AA, Jukes-Jones R, Chernova T, Schmid R, Davies NW, Storey NM, Dorlet P, Moody PCE, Mitcheson JS, Raven EL. Discovery of a heme-binding domain in a neuronal voltage-gated potassium channel. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13277-13286. [PMID: 32723862 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The EAG (ether-à-go-go) family of voltage-gated K+ channels are important regulators of neuronal and cardiac action potential firing (excitability) and have major roles in human diseases such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, cancer, and sudden cardiac death. A defining feature of EAG (Kv10-12) channels is a highly conserved domain on the N terminus, known as the eag domain, consisting of a Per-ARNT-Sim (PAS) domain capped by a short sequence containing an amphipathic helix (Cap domain). The PAS and Cap domains are both vital for the normal function of EAG channels. Using heme-affinity pulldown assays and proteomics of lysates from primary cortical neurons, we identified that an EAG channel, hERG3 (Kv11.3), binds to heme. In whole-cell electrophysiology experiments, we identified that heme inhibits hERG3 channel activity. In addition, we expressed the Cap and PAS domain of hERG3 in Escherichia coli and, using spectroscopy and kinetics, identified the PAS domain as the location for heme binding. The results identify heme as a regulator of hERG3 channel activity. These observations are discussed in the context of the emerging role for heme as a regulator of ion channel activity in cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Burton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Morgan Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Portolano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jaswir Basran
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel L Freeman
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Hanna Kwon
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R Bottrill
- Protein Nucleic Acid Chemistry Laboratory, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel J Llansola-Portoles
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrew A Pascal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rebekah Jukes-Jones
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Tatyana Chernova
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ralf Schmid
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Noel W Davies
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Nina M Storey
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Dorlet
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Laboratoire de Bioenergetique et d'Ingenierie des Protéines, Marseille, France
| | - Peter C E Moody
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - John S Mitcheson
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L Raven
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Freeman SL, Kwon H, Portolano N, Parkin G, Venkatraman Girija U, Basran J, Fielding AJ, Fairall L, Svistunenko DA, Moody PCE, Schwabe JWR, Kyriacou CP, Raven EL. Heme binding to human CLOCK affects interactions with the E-box. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:19911-19916. [PMID: 31527239 PMCID: PMC6778266 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1905216116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is an endogenous time-keeping system that is ubiquitous in animals and plants as well as some bacteria. In mammals, the clock regulates the sleep-wake cycle via 2 basic helix-loop-helix PER-ARNT-SIM (bHLH-PAS) domain proteins-CLOCK and BMAL1. There is emerging evidence to suggest that heme affects circadian control, through binding of heme to various circadian proteins, but the mechanisms of regulation are largely unknown. In this work we examine the interaction of heme with human CLOCK (hCLOCK). We present a crystal structure for the PAS-A domain of hCLOCK, and we examine heme binding to the PAS-A and PAS-B domains. UV-visible and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies are consistent with a bis-histidine ligated heme species in solution in the oxidized (ferric) PAS-A protein, and by mutagenesis we identify His144 as a ligand to the heme. There is evidence for flexibility in the heme pocket, which may give rise to an additional Cys axial ligand at 20K (His/Cys coordination). Using DNA binding assays, we demonstrate that heme disrupts binding of CLOCK to its E-box DNA target. Evidence is presented for a conformationally mobile protein framework, which is linked to changes in heme ligation and which has the capacity to affect binding to the E-box. Within the hCLOCK structural framework, this would provide a mechanism for heme-dependent transcriptional regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L Freeman
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Hanna Kwon
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Portolano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Umakhanth Venkatraman Girija
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jaswir Basran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair J Fielding
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Fairall
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitri A Svistunenko
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Peter C E Moody
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - John W R Schwabe
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Charalambos P Kyriacou
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L Raven
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS Bristol, United Kingdom;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Portolano N, Watson PJ, Fairall L, Millard CJ, Milano CP, Song Y, Cowley SM, Schwabe JWR. Recombinant protein expression for structural biology in HEK 293F suspension cells: a novel and accessible approach. J Vis Exp 2014:e51897. [PMID: 25349981 PMCID: PMC4420617 DOI: 10.3791/51897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression and purification of large amounts of recombinant protein complexes is an essential requirement for structural biology studies. For over two decades, prokaryotic expression systems such as E. coli have dominated the scientific literature over costly and less efficient eukaryotic cell lines. Despite the clear advantage in terms of yields and costs of expressing recombinant proteins in bacteria, the absence of specific co-factors, chaperones and post-translational modifications may cause loss of function, mis-folding and can disrupt protein-protein interactions of certain eukaryotic multi-subunit complexes, surface receptors and secreted proteins. The use of mammalian cell expression systems can address these drawbacks since they provide a eukaryotic expression environment. However, low protein yields and high costs of such methods have until recently limited their use for structural biology. Here we describe a simple and accessible method for expressing and purifying milligram quantities of protein by performing transient transfections of suspension grown HEK (Human Embryonic Kidney) 293 F cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yun Song
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester
| | | | | |
Collapse
|