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Pascart T, Wasik KA, Preda C, Chune V, Torterat J, Prud'homme N, Nassih M, Martin A, Le Masson J, Rodière V, Frogier S, Canova G, Pescheux JP, Shan Sei Fan C, Jauffret C, Claeys P, von Baeyer SL, Castel SE, Emde AK, Yerges-Armstrong L, Fox K, Leask M, Vitagliano JJ, Graf S, Norberciak L, Raynal J, Dalbeth N, Merriman T, Bardin T, Oehler E. The gout epidemic in French Polynesia: a modelling study of data from the Ma'i u'u epidemiological survey. Lancet Glob Health 2024; 12:e685-e696. [PMID: 38485432 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(24)00012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gout is the most common cause of inflammatory arthritis worldwide, particularly in Pacific regions. We aimed to establish the prevalence of gout and hyperuricaemia in French Polynesia, their associations with dietary habits, their comorbidities, the prevalence of the HLA-B*58:01 allele, and current management of the disease. METHODS The Ma'i u'u survey was epidemiological, prospective, cross-sectional, and gout-focused and included a random sample of adults from the general adult population of French Polynesia. It was conducted and data were collected between April 13 and Aug 16, 2021. Participants were randomly selected to represent the general adult population of French Polynesia on the basis of housing data collected during the 2017 territorial census. Each selected household was visited by a research nurse from the Ma'i u'u survey who collected data via guided, 1-h interviews with participants. In each household, the participant was the individual older than 18 years with the closest upcoming birthday. To estimate the frequency of HLA-B*58:01, we estimated HLA-B haplotypes on individuals who had whole-genome sequencing to approximately 5× average coverage (mid-pass sequencing). A subset of individuals who self-reported Polynesian ancestry and not European, Chinese, or other ancestry were used to estimate Polynesian-ancestry specific allele frequencies. Bivariate associations were reported for weighted participants; effect sizes were estimated through the odds ratio (OR) of the association calculated on the basis of a logistic model fitted with weighted observations. FINDINGS Among the random sample of 2000 households, 896 participants were included, 140 individuals declined, and 964 households could not be contacted. 22 participants could not be weighted due to missing data, so the final weighted analysis included 874 participants (449 [51·4%] were female and 425 [48·6%] were male) representing the 196 630 adults living in French Polynesia. The estimated prevalence of gout was 14·5% (95% CI 9·9-19·2), representing 28 561 French Polynesian adults, that is 25·5% (18·2-32·8) of male individuals and 3·5% (1·0-6·0) of female individuals. The prevalence of hyperuricaemia was estimated at 71·6% (66·7-76·6), representing 128 687 French Polynesian adults. In multivariable analysis, age (OR 1·5, 95% CI 1·2-1·8 per year), male sex (10·3, 1·8-60·7), serum urate (1·6, 1·3-2·0 per 1 mg/dL), uraturia (0·8, 0·8-0·8 per 100 mg/L), type 2 diabetes (2·1, 1·4-3·1), BMI more than 30 kg/m2 (1·1, 1·0-1·2 per unit), and percentage of visceral fat (1·7, 1·1-2·7 per 1% increase) were associated with gout. There were seven heterozygous HLA-B*58:01 carriers in the full cohort of 833 individuals (seven [0·4%] of 1666 total alleles) and two heterozygous carriers in a subset of 696 individuals of Polynesian ancestry (two [0·1%]). INTERPRETATION French Polynesia has an estimated high prevalence of gout and hyperuricaemia, with gout affecting almost 15% of adults. Territorial measures that focus on increasing access to effective urate-lowering therapies are warranted to control this major public health problem. FUNDING Variant Bio, the French Polynesian Health Administration, Lille Catholic University Hospitals, French Society of Rheumatology, and Novartis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Pascart
- Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Saint-Philibert, Lille, France.
| | | | - Cristian Preda
- Department of Methodology and Biostatistics, Hôpital Saint-Philibert, Lille, France
| | - Valérie Chune
- Department of Biology, Centre Hospitalier de Polynésie Française, Pape'ete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Jérémie Torterat
- Institut de la Statistique de Polynésie Française, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Nicolas Prud'homme
- Institut de la Statistique de Polynésie Française, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Maryline Nassih
- Lille Catholic University and Research Department, Hôpital Saint-Philibert, Lille, France
| | - Agathe Martin
- Lille Catholic University and Research Department, Hôpital Saint-Philibert, Lille, France
| | - Julien Le Masson
- Lille Catholic University and Research Department, Hôpital Saint-Philibert, Lille, France
| | - Vahinetua Rodière
- Lille Catholic University and Research Department, Hôpital Saint-Philibert, Lille, France; Direction de la Santé de Polynésie Française, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Sylvain Frogier
- Lille Catholic University and Research Department, Hôpital Saint-Philibert, Lille, France; Direction de la Santé de Polynésie Française, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Georges Canova
- Lille Catholic University and Research Department, Hôpital Saint-Philibert, Lille, France; Direction de la Santé de Polynésie Française, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Jean-Paul Pescheux
- Lille Catholic University and Research Department, Hôpital Saint-Philibert, Lille, France; Direction de la Santé de Polynésie Française, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | | | | | - Patrick Claeys
- Department of Biology, Centre Hospitalier de Polynésie Française, Pape'ete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | | | | | | | | | - Keolu Fox
- Global Health Program, Department of Anthropology and Indigenous Futures Institute, Division of Design and Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Native BioData Consortium, Eagle Butte, SD, USA
| | - Megan Leask
- Division of Clinical Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Sahara Graf
- Department of Methodology and Biostatistics, Hôpital Saint-Philibert, Lille, France
| | - Laurène Norberciak
- Department of Methodology and Biostatistics, Hôpital Saint-Philibert, Lille, France
| | - Jacques Raynal
- Ministère de la Santé de Polynésie Française, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Nicola Dalbeth
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tony Merriman
- Division of Clinical Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Thomas Bardin
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research U1132, Université Paris-Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Erwan Oehler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier de Polynésie Française, Pape'ete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
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Prud'homme N, Galante GJ, Kaur H, Brundler MA, Beaudry P, Strother D. Comment on: Pancreaticoduodenectomy for the treatment of pancreatic neoplasms in children: A Pediatric Surgical Oncology Research Collaborative study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68:e29074. [PMID: 33890416 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Prud'homme
- Departments of Oncology and Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary J Galante
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Harmeet Kaur
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marie-Anne Brundler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul Beaudry
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Douglas Strother
- Departments of Oncology and Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Pélisson A, Teysset L, Chalvet F, Kim A, Prud'homme N, Terzian C, Bucheton A. About the origin of retroviruses and the co-evolution of the gypsy retrovirus with the Drosophila flamenco host gene. Genetica 1998; 100:29-37. [PMID: 9440256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The gypsy element of Drosophila melanogaster is the first retrovirus identified so far in invertebrates. According to phylogenetic data, gypsy belongs to the same group as the Ty3 class of LTR-retrotransposons, which suggests that retroviruses evolved from this kind of retroelements before the radiation of vertebrates. There are other invertebrate retroelements that are also likely to be endogenous retroviruses because they share with gypsy some structural and functional retroviral-like characteristics. Gypsy is controlled by a Drosophila gene called flamenco, the restrictive alleles of which maintain the retrovirus in a repressed state. In permissive strains, functional gypsy elements transpose at high frequency and produce infective particles. Defective gypsy proviruses located in pericentromeric heterochromatin of all strains seem to be very old components of the genome of Drosophila melanogaster, which indicates that gypsy invaded this species, or an ancestor, a long time ago. At that time, Drosophila melanogaster presumably contained permissive alleles of the flamenco gene. One can imagine that the species survived to the increase of genetic load caused by the retroviral invasion because restrictive alleles of flamenco were selected. The characterization of a retrovirus in Drosophila, one of the most advanced model organisms for molecular genetics, provides us with an exceptional clue to study how a species can resist a retroviral invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pélisson
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire du CNRS (UPR 9061), l'Université P. & M. Curie, Paris VI, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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