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Casale M, Di Girolamo MG, Di Maio N, Tomeo R, Iengo M, Scianguetta S, Palma T, Porcelli F, Misso S, Perrotta S. Absence of blood donors' anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pre-storage leukoreduced red blood cell units indicates no role of passive immunity for blood recipients. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:623-629. [PMID: 37758964 PMCID: PMC10799091 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Transfer of vaccine antibodies (Ab) from donors to recipients after transfusion of packed red blood cells (RBC) is supposed, thus affecting the recipients' response to vaccinations. In this prospective study, SARS-CoV-2 IgG level in donors' serum and RBC supernatant samples was assessed. Among 346 subjects, 280 were referred for hyperimmune plasma donation and 30 for whole blood donations. All units underwent pre-storage filtration, and residual plasma volume was 18±18 mL. The mean total IgG and IgM levels were 171.43 ± 48.79 and 11.43 ± 10.69 mg/dL respectively, with significant reduction after plasma depletion and filtration (IgG 5.86 ± 5.2 and IgM 1.43 ± 3.78, p < 0.05). Anti-COVID-19 Ab were identified in serum of 28/30 (93.5%) blood donors but were absent in all blood units. The mean value of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG level in donors' serum samples and in RBC units was 8.80 S/C (range 0.01-23.4) and 0.11 (range 0.01-0.37) S/C, respectively (p<0.05). This study shows deplasmation and leukodepletion of RBC units ensured removal of IgG content and no red blood cell unit was reactive for anti-COVID-19 antibodies even from donors with high serum titre. These findings demonstrate that deplasmated and leukodepleted RBCs are not to be considered blood products containing substantial amounts of immune globulin, and differently from other blood derived-products containing Ab, transfusions with deplasmated and leukodepleted RBCs do not require delayed vaccinations and a revision of current recommendations is requested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Casale
- Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Nicoletta Di Maio
- Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Tomeo
- Medicina Trasfusionale, ASL Caserta, Caserta, Italy
| | | | | | - Teresa Palma
- Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Porcelli
- Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Silverio Perrotta
- Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Casale M, Di Maio N, Verde V, Scianguetta S, Di Girolamo MG, Tomeo R, Roberti D, Misso S, Perrotta S. Response to Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR) Vaccine in Transfusion-Dependent Patients. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060561. [PMID: 34072263 PMCID: PMC8227230 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) still determine significant morbidity and mortality, although a highly effective vaccine is available. Postponing the MMR vaccination until 6 months after the last red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is recommended, but this delay is incompatible with chronic transfusions. The present study aimed at investigating the impact of blood transfusions on the immunogenicity of the MMR vaccine. In this observational study, a group of 45 transfusion- dependent (TD) patients was compared to 24 non-transfusion-dependent (NTD) patients. Immunity to measles was achieved in 35 (78%) TD and 21 (88%) NTD subjects (p = 0.7), to mumps in 36 (80%) TD and 21 (88%) NTD subjects (p = 0.99), and to rubella in 40 (89%) TD and 23 (96%) NTD subjects (p = 0.99). No significant difference was observed in the number of non-immune individuals or those with doubtful protection between the two groups (p > 0.05). The mean IgG value, assayed in 50 pre-storage leukoreduced RBC units, was 0.075 ± 0.064 mg/mL, ten times lower than the level assumed in blood units and considered detrimental to the immune response in TD patients. This work shows a favorable response to MMR vaccination in TD and NTDT patients and paves the way for further larger studies assessing the impact of chronic transfusions on vaccine response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Casale
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.D.M.); (V.V.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08-1566-5698
| | - Nicoletta Di Maio
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.D.M.); (V.V.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Valentina Verde
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.D.M.); (V.V.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Saverio Scianguetta
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.D.M.); (V.V.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (S.P.)
| | | | - Rita Tomeo
- Immuno-Transfusion Service, ASL Caserta, 81031 Aversa, Italy; (M.G.D.G.); (R.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Domenico Roberti
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.D.M.); (V.V.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Saverio Misso
- Immuno-Transfusion Service, ASL Caserta, 81031 Aversa, Italy; (M.G.D.G.); (R.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Silverio Perrotta
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.D.M.); (V.V.); (S.S.); (D.R.); (S.P.)
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Conforti R, Marrone V, Sardaro A, Di Maio N, Manzi F, Rossi M, Amato M, Giganti M, Genovese EA. [The cerebral perivascular spaces: review of the literature on diffuse or focal expansion]. Recenti Prog Med 2013; 104:291-4. [PMID: 24042394 DOI: 10.1701/1315.14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) are pial-lined, interstitial fluid-filled structures that do not directly communicate with the subarachnoid space, accompany penetrating arteries and veins and can be visualized on magnetic resonance imaging. This article reviews the imageology characteristics, the functions, the causes and the relation with neurological disorders of VRS.
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Conforti R, Faella P, Marrone V, Iasiello F, Di Maio N, Rossi C, Giganti M, Santagata M. [Enlargment of Virchow-Robin spaces in cranial trauma: literature review]. Recenti Prog Med 2013; 104:318-21. [PMID: 24042400 DOI: 10.1701/1315.14568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this review it is discussed the role of mild traumatic brain injury as a cause of Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) pathological enlargement. Anatomy and physiology of normal VRS, and their immunological role are described. Special attention is given to magnetic resonance imaging findings of both normal and enlarged perivascular spaces.
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