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Jariwala N, Mehta GA, Bhatt V, Hussein S, Parker KA, Yunus N, Parker JS, Guo JY, Gatza ML. CPT1A and fatty acid β-oxidation are essential for tumor cell growth and survival in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. NAR Cancer 2021; 3:zcab035. [PMID: 34514415 PMCID: PMC8428294 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 11q13-14 amplification is a defining feature of high-risk hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer; however, the mechanism(s) by which this amplicon contributes to breast tumorigenesis remains unclear. In the current study, proteogenomic analyses of >3000 breast tumors from the TCGA, METABRIC and CPTAC studies demonstrated that carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), which is localized to this amplicon, is overexpressed at the mRNA and protein level in aggressive luminal tumors, strongly associated with indicators of tumor proliferation and a predictor of poor prognosis. In vitro genetic studies demonstrated that CPT1A is required for and can promote luminal breast cancer proliferation, survival, as well as colony and mammosphere formation. Since CPT1A is the rate-limiting enzyme during fatty acid oxidation (FAO), our data indicate that FAO may be essential for these tumors. Pharmacologic inhibition of FAO prevented in vitro and in vivo tumor growth and cell proliferation as well as promoted apoptosis in luminal breast cancer cells and orthotopic xenograft tumor models. Collectively, our data establish an oncogenic role for CPT1A and FAO in HR+ luminal tumors and provide preclinical evidence and rationale supporting further investigation of FAO as a potential therapeutic opportunity for the treatment of HR+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Jariwala
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Gaurav A Mehta
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Vrushank Bhatt
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Shaimaa Hussein
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Kimberly A Parker
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Neha Yunus
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Joel S Parker
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC, 27599, USA
| | | | - Michael L Gatza
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
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2
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Gatza ML, Bhatt V, Parker K, Mehta G, Khella C, Guo Y, Jariwala N. Abstract P3-03-02: Integrative proteogenomic analyses identifies CPT1A and fatty acid oxidation as a potential therapeutic strategy in hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-p3-03-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Clinically, approximately two-thirds of the nearly 250,000 breast cancer cases diagnosed each year in the United States are hormone receptor positive (HR+), luminal breast tumors. Slower growing luminal breast tumors are often successfully treated using endocrine based therapies resulting in a relatively good prognosis for these patients. However more highly proliferative luminal tumors are often resistant, or become resistant, to current therapies leading to a worse outcome for these patients. As such, there is a critical need to identify genomic alterations and dysregulated signaling pathway in this subset of tumors that may represent novel therapeutic opportunities. Methods: In order to identify genetic events responsible for tumorigenesis and to identify potential drug-able genetic alterations and/or pathways associated with high levels of proliferation in HR+ tumors, we used an integrative genomics-based strategy to interrogate orthogonal genome-wide data from more than 2,500 patients from the TCGA, METABRIC, CPTAC studies. Data from a genome-wide RNAi screen was used to delineate essential from non-essential genes in HR+ breast cancer cell lines. Genetic and pharmacological-based in vitro and in vivo studies were used to demonstrate the impact identified candidate genes on cell viability, proliferation, colony formation, spheroid formation and tumor growth rate. Results: Integrative genomic analyses of human breast tumors identified DNA amplification as well as mRNA and protein over-expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) in highly proliferative luminal tumors. Further in silico analyses demonstrated that high CPT1A expression corresponded with protein markers of proliferation in human tumors and is prognostic in HR+ tumors in both the TCGA and METABRIC cohorts. Since CPT1A is the rate limiting enzyme responsible for fatty acid import into the mitochondria during Fatty Acid β Oxidation (FAO), these data indicate that highly proliferative luminal tumors may utilize FAO as a prominent energy source. As such, we hypothesized that inhibiting CPT1A and/or FAO in this subset of tumors or cell lines may represent a potential therapeutic opportunity. Consistent with our hypothesis, analyses of data from a genome-wide RNAi screen in 27 breast cancer cell lines suggested that HR+ cells lines are dependent on CPT1A expression. Importantly, we experimentally demonstrated that in vitro genetic silencing of CPT1A or pharmacological inhibition of FAO in ER+ breast cancer cell lines results in reduced cell viability and increased cell death as well as decreased spheroid formation. Importantly, our data indicated that in vivo inhibition of CPT1A resulted in decreased tumor volume and growth rate in orthotopic xenograft tumor models. Conclusions: In this study, integrative proteogenomic analyses identified amplification and over-expression of CPT1A in highly proliferative ER+ breast tumors. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that CPT1A is an essential oncogenic driver in HR+/luminal breast cancer and establish CTP1A/FAO inhibition as a putative therapeutic strategy for treatment of these tumors.
Citation Format: Michael L Gatza, Vrushank Bhatt, Kimberly Parker, Guarav Mehta, Christen Khella, Yanxiang Guo, Nidhi Jariwala. Integrative proteogenomic analyses identifies CPT1A and fatty acid oxidation as a potential therapeutic strategy in hormone receptor positive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-03-02.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vrushank Bhatt
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | | | - Guarav Mehta
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | | | - Yanxiang Guo
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
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3
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Jariwala N, Mendoza RG, Garcia D, Lai Z, Subler MA, Windle JJ, Mukhopadhyay ND, Fisher PB, Chen Y, Sarkar D. Posttranscriptional Inhibition of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Nonreceptor Type 23 by Staphylococcal Nuclease and Tudor Domain Containing 1: Implications for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Hepatol Commun 2019; 3:1258-1270. [PMID: 31497746 PMCID: PMC6719750 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncoprotein staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain containing 1 (SND1) regulates gene expression at a posttranscriptional level in multiple cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Staphylococcal nuclease (SN) domains of SND1 function as a ribonuclease (RNase), and the tudor domain facilitates protein–oligonucleotide interaction. In the present study, we aimed to identify RNA interactome of SND1 to obtain enhanced insights into gene regulation by SND1. RNA interactome was identified by immunoprecipitation (IP) of RNA using anti‐SND1 antibody from human HCC cells followed by RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP‐Seq). Among RNA species that showed more than 10‐fold enrichment over the control, we focused on the tumor suppressor protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 23 (PTPN23) because its regulation by SND1 and its role in HCC are not known. PTPN23 levels were down‐regulated in human HCC cells versus normal hepatocytes and in human HCC tissues versus normal adjacent liver, as revealed by immunohistochemistry. In human HCC cells, knocking down SND1 increased and overexpression of SND1 decreased PTPN23 protein. RNA binding and degradation assays revealed that SND1 binds to and degrades the 3′‐untranslated region (UTR) of PTPN23 messenger RNA (mRNA). Tetracycline‐inducible PTPN23 overexpression in human HCC cells resulted in significant inhibition in proliferation, migration, and invasion and in vivo tumorigenesis. PTPN23 induction caused inhibition in activation of tyrosine‐protein kinase Met (c‐Met), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Src, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), suggesting that, as a putative phosphatase, PTPN23 inhibits activation of these oncogenic kinases. Conclusion: PTPN23 is a novel target of SND1, and our findings identify PTPN23 as a unique tumor suppressor for HCC. PTPN23 might function as a homeostatic regulator of multiple kinases, restraining their activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Jariwala
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA
| | - Rachel G Mendoza
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA
| | - Dawn Garcia
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio TX
| | - Zhao Lai
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio TX
| | - Mark A Subler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA
| | - Jolene J Windle
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA.,Massey Cancer Center Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA
| | | | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA.,Massey Cancer Center Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University Institute of Molecular Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA
| | - Yidong Chen
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio TX.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio TX
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA.,Massey Cancer Center Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University Institute of Molecular Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA
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4
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Robertson CL, Mendoza RG, Jariwala N, Dozmorov M, Mukhopadhyay ND, Subler MA, Windle JJ, Lai Z, Fisher PB, Ghosh S, Sarkar D. Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1 Regulates Macrophage Activation in Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6436-6446. [PMID: 30181179 PMCID: PMC6239947 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a known hallmark of cancer and is central to the onset and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatic macrophages play a critical role in the inflammatory process leading to HCC. The oncogene Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) regulates NFκB activation, and germline knockout of AEG-1 in mice (AEG-1-/-) results in resistance to inflammation and experimental HCC. In this study, we developed conditional hepatocyte- and myeloid cell-specific AEG-1-/- mice (AEG-1ΔHEP and AEG-1ΔMAC, respectively) and induced HCC by treatment with N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) and phenobarbital (PB). AEG-1ΔHEP mice exhibited a significant reduction in disease severity compared with control littermates, while AEG-1ΔMAC mice were profoundly resistant. In vitro, AEG-1-/- hepatocytes exhibited increased sensitivity to stress and senescence. Notably, AEG-1-/- macrophages were resistant to either M1 or M2 differentiation with significant inhibition in migration, endothelial adhesion, and efferocytosis activity, indicating that AEG-1 ablation renders macrophages functionally anergic. These results unravel a central role of AEG-1 in regulating macrophage activation and indicate that AEG-1 is required in both tumor cells and tumor microenvironment to stimulate hepatocarcinogenesis.Significance: These findings distinguish a novel role of macrophage-derived oncogene AEG-1 from hepatocellular AEG-1 in promoting inflammation and driving tumorigenesis. Cancer Res; 78(22); 6436-46. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadia L Robertson
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Rachel G Mendoza
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mikhail Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Nitai D Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mark A Subler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jolene J Windle
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Zhao Lai
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Shobha Ghosh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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5
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Perekatt AO, Shah PP, Cheung S, Jariwala N, Wu A, Gandhi V, Kumar N, Feng Q, Patel N, Chen L, Joshi S, Zhou A, Taketo MM, Xing J, White E, Gao N, Gatza ML, Verzi MP. SMAD4 Suppresses WNT-Driven Dedifferentiation and Oncogenesis in the Differentiated Gut Epithelium. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4878-4890. [PMID: 29986996 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The cell of origin of colon cancer is typically thought to be the resident somatic stem cells, which are immortal and escape the continual cellular turnover characteristic of the intestinal epithelium. However, recent studies have identified certain conditions in which differentiated cells can acquire stem-like properties and give rise to tumors. Defining the origins of tumors will inform cancer prevention efforts as well as cancer therapies, as cancers with distinct origins often respond differently to treatments. We report here a new condition in which tumors arise from the differentiated intestinal epithelium. Inactivation of the differentiation-promoting transcription factor SMAD4 in the intestinal epithelium was surprisingly well tolerated in the short term. However, after several months, adenomas developed with characteristics of activated WNT signaling. Simultaneous loss of SMAD4 and activation of the WNT pathway led to dedifferentiation and rapid adenoma formation in differentiated tissue. Transcriptional profiling revealed acquisition of stem cell characteristics, and colabeling indicated that cells expressing differentiated enterocyte markers entered the cell cycle and reexpressed stem cell genes upon simultaneous loss of SMAD4 and activation of the WNT pathway. These results indicate that SMAD4 functions to maintain differentiated enterocytes in the presence of oncogenic WNT signaling, thus preventing dedifferentiation and tumor formation in the differentiated intestinal epithelium.Significance: This work identifies a mechanism through which differentiated cells prevent tumor formation by suppressing oncogenic plasticity. Cancer Res; 78(17); 4878-90. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansu O Perekatt
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Pooja P Shah
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Shannon Cheung
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Alex Wu
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Vishal Gandhi
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Namit Kumar
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, New Jersey
| | - Neeket Patel
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Shilpy Joshi
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Anbo Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - M Mark Taketo
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jinchuan Xing
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Eileen White
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Nan Gao
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, New Jersey
| | - Michael L Gatza
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Michael P Verzi
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey. .,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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6
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Srivastava J, Robertson CL, Ebeid K, Dozmorov M, Rajasekaran D, Mendoza R, Siddiq A, Akiel MA, Jariwala N, Shen XN, Windle JJ, Subler MA, Mukhopadhyay ND, Giashuddin S, Ghosh S, Lai Z, Chen Y, Fisher PB, Salem AK, Sanyal AJ, Sarkar D. A novel role of astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) in regulating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Hepatology 2017; 66:466-480. [PMID: 28437865 PMCID: PMC5519412 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most prevalent cause of chronic liver disease in the Western world. However, an optimum therapy for NASH is yet to be established, mandating more in-depth investigation into the molecular pathogenesis of NASH to identify novel regulatory molecules and develop targeted therapies. Here, we unravel a unique function of astrocyte elevated gene-1(AEG-1)/metadherin in NASH using a transgenic mouse with hepatocyte-specific overexpression of AEG-1 (Alb/AEG-1) and a conditional hepatocyte-specific AEG-1 knockout mouse (AEG-1ΔHEP ). Alb/AEG-1 mice developed spontaneous NASH whereas AEG-1ΔHEP mice were protected from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NASH. Intriguingly, AEG-1 overexpression was observed in livers of NASH patients and wild-type (WT) mice that developed steatosis upon feeding HFD. In-depth molecular analysis unraveled that inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activity resulting in decreased fatty acid β-oxidation, augmentation of translation of fatty acid synthase resulting in de novo lipogenesis, and increased nuclear factor kappa B-mediated inflammation act in concert to mediate AEG-1-induced NASH. Therapeutically, hepatocyte-specific nanoparticle-delivered AEG-1 small interfering RNA provided marked protection from HFD-induced NASH in WT mice. CONCLUSION AEG-1 might be a key molecule regulating initiation and progression of NASH. AEG-1 inhibitory strategies might be developed as a potential therapeutic intervention in NASH patients. (Hepatology 2017;66:466-480).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Srivastava
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Chadia L. Robertson
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Kareem Ebeid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mikhail Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Devaraja Rajasekaran
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Rachel Mendoza
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Ayesha Siddiq
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Maaged A. Akiel
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jolene J. Windle
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Mark A. Subler
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Nitai D. Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Shah Giashuddin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Shobha Ghosh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Zhao Lai
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Yidong Chen
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Paul B. Fisher
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA,Department of Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA,Department of VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Aliasger K. Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Arun J. Sanyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA,Department of Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA,Department of VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA,Corresponding author: Devanand Sarkar, 1220 East Broad St, PO Box 980035, Richmond, VA 23298, Tel: 804-827-2339, Fax: 804-628-1176,
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7
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Akiel M, Guo C, Li X, Rajasekaran D, Mendoza RG, Robertson CL, Jariwala N, Yuan F, Subler MA, Windle J, Garcia DK, Lai Z, Chen HIH, Chen Y, Giashuddin S, Fisher PB, Wang XY, Sarkar D. IGFBP7 Deletion Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2017; 77:4014-4025. [PMID: 28619711 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Activation of IGF signaling is a major oncogenic event in diverse cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this setting, the insulin-like growth factor binding protein IGFBP7 inhibits IGF signaling by binding the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R), functioning as a candidate tumor suppressor. IGFBP7 abrogates tumors by inhibiting angiogenesis and inducing cancer-specific senescence and apoptosis. Here, we report that Igfbp7-deficient mice exhibit constitutively active IGF signaling, presenting with proinflammatory and immunosuppressive microenvironments and spontaneous liver and lung tumors occurring with increased incidence in carcinogen-treated subjects. Igfbp7 deletion increased proliferation and decreased senescence of hepatocytes and mouse embryonic fibroblasts, effects that were blocked by treatment with IGF1 receptor inhibitor. Significant inhibition of genes regulating immune surveillance was observed in Igfbp7-/- murine livers, which was associated with a marked inhibition in antigen cross-presentation by Igfbp7-/- dendritic cells. Conversely, IGFBP7 overexpression inhibited growth of HCC cells in syngeneic immunocompetent mice. Depletion of CD4+ or CD8+ T lymphocytes abolished this growth inhibition, identifying it as an immune-mediated response. Our findings define an immune component of the pleiotropic mechanisms through which IGFBP7 suppresses HCC. Furthermore, they offer a genetically based preclinical proof of concept for IGFBP7 as a therapeutic target for immune management of HCC. Cancer Res; 77(15); 4014-25. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaged Akiel
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Chunqing Guo
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devaraja Rajasekaran
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Rachel G Mendoza
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Chadia L Robertson
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mark A Subler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jolene Windle
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Dawn K Garcia
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Zhao Lai
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Hung-I Harry Chen
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Yidong Chen
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Shah Giashuddin
- Department of Pathology, New York Presbyterian Health System at Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCUMassey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCUMassey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. .,VCUMassey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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8
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Jariwala N, Rajasekaran D, Mendoza RG, Shen XN, Siddiq A, Akiel MA, Robertson CL, Subler MA, Windle JJ, Fisher PB, Sanyal AJ, Sarkar D. Oncogenic Role of SND1 in Development and Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2017; 77:3306-3316. [PMID: 28428278 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SND1, a subunit of the miRNA regulatory complex RISC, has been implicated as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we show that hepatocyte-specific SND1 transgenic mice (Alb/SND1 mice) develop spontaneous HCC with partial penetrance and exhibit more highly aggressive HCC induced by chemical carcinogenesis. Livers from Alb/SND1 mice exhibited a relative increase in inflammatory markers and spheroid-generating tumor-initiating cells (TIC). Mechanistic investigations defined roles for Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways in promoting TIC formation in Alb/SND1 mice. In human xenograft models of subcutaneous or orthotopic HCC, administration of the selective SND1 inhibitor 3', 5'-deoxythymidine bisphosphate (pdTp), inhibited tumor formation without effects on body weight or liver function. Our work establishes an oncogenic role for SND1 in promoting TIC formation and highlights pdTp as a highly selective SND1 inhibitor as a candidate therapeutic lead to treat advanced HCC. Cancer Res; 77(12); 3306-16. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Jariwala
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devaraja Rajasekaran
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Rachel G Mendoza
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Ayesha Siddiq
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Maaged A Akiel
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Chadia L Robertson
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mark A Subler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jolene J Windle
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Arun J Sanyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. .,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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9
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Jariwala N. Response to ‘Founding an undergraduate society: a student-led initiative to improve dermatology education’. Br J Dermatol 2016; 175:828-9. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Jariwala
- Drexel University College of Medicine; 2900 W Queen Ln Philadelphia PA 19129 U.S.A
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10
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for the second largest number of cancer related deaths globally with limited management options for the advanced disease. Although substantial research has identified molecular targets, with strong validation in pre-clinical in vivo studies, translation of therapeutics to clinics has shown modest success. In a recent manuscript in Hepatology, Zhou and Yang et al. unravel a novel p53 associated long non-coding RNA (PRAL) as a potential prognostic marker and molecular target in HCC. Their work provides a promising approach at capitalizing the tumor suppressive role of p53 protein in fighting HCC. More importantly, it emphasizes the evolving significance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in molecular medicine. Current research trends focus on identifying and understanding roles of lncRNA in regulation of gene expression relevant to multiple disease pathophysiologies thereby presenting a new avenue of research in molecular and translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Jariwala
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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11
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Rajasekaran D, Siddiq A, Willoughby JLS, Biagi JM, Christadore LM, Yunes SA, Gredler R, Jariwala N, Robertson CL, Akiel MA, Shen XN, Subler MA, Windle JJ, Schaus SE, Fisher PB, Hansen U, Sarkar D. Small molecule inhibitors of Late SV40 Factor (LSF) abrogate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): Evaluation using an endogenous HCC model. Oncotarget 2016; 6:26266-77. [PMID: 26313006 PMCID: PMC4694900 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy with high mortality and poor prognosis. Oncogenic transcription factor Late SV40 Factor (LSF) plays an important role in promoting HCC. A small molecule inhibitor of LSF, Factor Quinolinone Inhibitor 1 (FQI1), significantly inhibited human HCC xenografts in nude mice without harming normal cells. Here we evaluated the efficacy of FQI1 and another inhibitor, FQI2, in inhibiting endogenous hepatocarcinogenesis. HCC was induced in a transgenic mouse with hepatocyte-specific overexpression of c-myc (Alb/c-myc) by injecting N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) followed by FQI1 or FQI2 treatment after tumor development. LSF inhibitors markedly decreased tumor burden in Alb/c-myc mice with a corresponding decrease in proliferation and angiogenesis. Interestingly, in vitro treatment of human HCC cells with LSF inhibitors resulted in mitotic arrest with an accompanying increase in CyclinB1. Inhibition of CyclinB1 induction by Cycloheximide or CDK1 activity by Roscovitine significantly prevented FQI-induced mitotic arrest. A significant induction of apoptosis was also observed upon treatment with FQI. These effects of LSF inhibition, mitotic arrest and induction of apoptosis by FQI1s provide multiple avenues by which these inhibitors eliminate HCC cells. LSF inhibitors might be highly potent and effective therapeutics for HCC either alone or in combination with currently existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraja Rajasekaran
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Ayesha Siddiq
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jennifer L S Willoughby
- Department of Biology, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jessica M Biagi
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lisa M Christadore
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sarah A Yunes
- Program in Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rachel Gredler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Chadia L Robertson
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Maaged A Akiel
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Mark A Subler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jolene J Windle
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Scott E Schaus
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Ulla Hansen
- Department of Biology, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development at Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Program in Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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12
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Jariwala N, Rajasekaran D, Gredler R, Akiel M, Robertson C, Fisher P, Sanyal A, Sarkar D. Abstract 3823: Staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain containing 1 (SND1) in development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-3823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain containing 1 (SND1) is identified as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and overexpression of SND1 has been correlated with HCC progression. Here, we present effect of liver specific overexpression of human SND1 in a novel transgenic mouse model. We observe greater tumor load and tumor volume in transgenic mice than wildtype mice, when subjected to chemical carcinogenesis. Approximately 30% of transgenic animals manifest spontaneous tumorigenesis with age. Liver specific expression of cancer stem cell markers such as EpCAM and CD133 as well as inflammatory markers was found to be higher in transgenic mice. SND1 overexpressing hepatocytes show increased activation of insulin and NFκB signaling pathways compared to wildtype hepatocytes. However, no significant differences in liver weight or liver function was noted among transgenic and wildtype animals. Overall, our findings confirm that overexpression of SND1 in vivo plays a vital role in development and progression of HCC. Thus, molecular targeting of SND1 seems to be potential therapeutic intervention for HCC management in patients.
Citation Format: Nidhi Jariwala, Devaraja Rajasekaran, Rachel Gredler, Maaged Akiel, Chadia Robertson, Paul Fisher, Arun Sanyal, Devanand Sarkar. Staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain containing 1 (SND1) in development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3823.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul Fisher
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Arun Sanyal
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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13
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Rajasekaran D, Jariwala N, Mendoza RG, Robertson CL, Akiel MA, Dozmorov M, Fisher PB, Sarkar D. Staphylococcal Nuclease and Tudor Domain Containing 1 (SND1 Protein) Promotes Hepatocarcinogenesis by Inhibiting Monoglyceride Lipase (MGLL). J Biol Chem 2016; 291:10736-46. [PMID: 26997225 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.715359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain containing 1 (SND1) is overexpressed in multiple cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and functions as an oncogene. This study was carried out to identify novel SND1-interacting proteins to better understand its molecular mechanism of action. SND1-interacting proteins were identified by a modified yeast two-hybrid assay. Protein-protein interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation analysis. Monoglyceride lipase (MGLL) expression was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. MGLL-overexpressing clones were analyzed for cell proliferation and cell cycle analysis and in vivo tumorigenesis in nude mice. MGLL was identified as an SND1-interacting protein. Interaction of SND1 with MGLL resulted in ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation of MGLL. MGLL expression was detected in normal human hepatocytes and mouse liver, although it was undetected in human HCC cell lines. An inverse correlation between SND1 and MGLL levels was identified in a human HCC tissue microarray as well as in the TCGA database. Forced overexpression of MGLL in human HCC cells resulted in marked inhibition in cell proliferation with a significant delay in cell cycle progression and a marked decrease in tumor growth in nude mouse xenograft assays. MGLL overexpression inhibited Akt activation that is independent of enzymatic activity of MGLL and overexpression of a constitutively active Akt rescued cells from inhibition of proliferation and restored normal cell cycle progression. This study unravels a novel mechanism of SND1 function and identifies MGLL as a unique tumor suppressor for HCC. MGLL might function as a homeostatic regulator of Akt restraining its activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- From the Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics and
| | | | | | - Maaged A Akiel
- From the Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics and
| | | | - Paul B Fisher
- From the Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics and Massey Cancer Center, and VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- From the Departments of Human and Molecular Genetics and Massey Cancer Center, and VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
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Robertson CL, Srivastava J, Rajasekaran D, Gredler R, Akiel MA, Jariwala N, Siddiq A, Emdad L, Fisher PB, Sarkar D. The role of AEG-1 in the development of liver cancer. Hepat Oncol 2015; 2:303-312. [PMID: 26798451 DOI: 10.2217/hep.15.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AEG-1 is an oncogene that is overexpressed in all cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma. AEG-1 plays a seminal role in promoting cancer development and progression by augmenting proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and chemoresistance, all hallmarks of aggressive cancer. AEG-1 mediates its oncogenic function predominantly by interacting with various protein complexes. AEG-1 acts as a scaffold protein, activating multiple protumorigenic signal transduction pathways, such as MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin while regulating gene expression at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and translational levels. Our recent studies document that AEG-1 is fundamentally required for activation of inflammation. A comprehensive and convincing body of data currently points to AEG-1 as an essential component critical to the onset and progression of cancer. The present review describes the current knowledge gleaned from patient and experimental studies as well as transgenic and knockout mouse models, on the impact of AEG-1 on hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadia L Robertson
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sanger Hall, Room 11-0051101 East Marshall Street, PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA
| | - Jyoti Srivastava
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sanger Hall, Room 11-0051101 East Marshall Street, PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA
| | - Devaraja Rajasekaran
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sanger Hall, Room 11-0051101 East Marshall Street, PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA
| | - Rachel Gredler
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sanger Hall, Room 11-0051101 East Marshall Street, PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA
| | - Maaged A Akiel
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sanger Hall, Room 11-0051101 East Marshall Street, PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sanger Hall, Room 11-0051101 East Marshall Street, PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA
| | - Ayesha Siddiq
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sanger Hall, Room 11-0051101 East Marshall Street, PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sanger Hall, Room 11-0051101 East Marshall Street, PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 College Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sanger Hall, Room 11-0051101 East Marshall Street, PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 College Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Molecular Medicine Research Building 1220 East Broad Street, 7th Floor PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sanger Hall, Room 11-0051101 East Marshall Street, PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 College Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Molecular Medicine Research Building 1220 East Broad Street, 7th Floor PO Box 980033, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA
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15
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Rajasekaran D, Srivastava J, Ebeid K, Gredler R, Akiel M, Jariwala N, Robertson CL, Shen XN, Siddiq A, Fisher PB, Salem AK, Sarkar D. Combination of Nanoparticle-Delivered siRNA for Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1 (AEG-1) and All-trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA): An Effective Therapeutic Strategy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1651-61. [PMID: 26079152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a fatal cancer with no effective therapy. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) plays a pivotal role in hepatocarcinogenesis and inhibits retinoic acid-induced gene expression and cell death. The combination of a lentivirus expressing AEG-1 shRNA and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) profoundly and synergistically inhibited subcutaneous human HCC xenografts in nude mice. We have now developed liver-targeted nanoplexes by conjugating poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and lactobionic acid (Gal) (PAMAM-PEG-Gal) which were complexed with AEG-1 siRNA (PAMAM-AEG-1si). The polymer conjugate was characterized by (1)H-NMR, MALDI, and mass spectrometry; and optimal nanoplex formulations were characterized for surface charge, size, and morphology. Orthotopic xenografts of human HCC cell QGY-7703 expressing luciferase (QGY-luc) were established in the livers of athymic nude mice and tumor development was monitored by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Tumor-bearing mice were treated with PAMAM-siCon, PAMAM-siCon+ATRA, PAMAM-AEG-1si, and PAMAM-AEG-1si+ATRA. In the control group the tumor developed aggressively. ATRA showed little effect due to high AEG-1 levels in QGY-luc cells. PAMAM-AEG-1si showed significant reduction in tumor growth, and the combination of PAMAM-AEG-1si+ATRA showed profound and synergistic inhibition so that the tumors were almost undetectable by BLI. A marked decrease in AEG-1 level was observed in tumor samples treated with PAMAM-AEG-1si. The group treated with PAMAM-AEG-1si+ATRA nanoplexes showed increased necrosis, inhibition of proliferation, and increased apoptosis when compared to other groups. Liver is an ideal organ for RNAi therapy and ATRA is an approved anticancer agent. Our exciting observations suggest that the combinatorial approach might be an effective way to combat HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraja Rajasekaran
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jyoti Srivastava
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Kareem Ebeid
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Rachel Gredler
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Maaged Akiel
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Chadia L Robertson
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Ayesha Siddiq
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jariwala
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S McGraw
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - V S Rangarajan
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - O Mirza
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Wong
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - A Farzaneh-Far
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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17
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Jariwala N, Rajasekaran D, Srivastava J, Gredler R, Akiel MA, Robertson CL, Emdad L, Fisher PB, Sarkar D. Role of the staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain containing 1 in oncogenesis (review). Int J Oncol 2014; 46:465-73. [PMID: 25405367 PMCID: PMC4277250 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain containing 1 (SND1) is a multifunctional protein overexpressed in breast, prostate, colorectal and hepatocellular carcinomas and malignant glioma. Molecular studies have revealed the multifaceted activities of SND1 involved in regulating gene expression at transcriptional as well as post-transcriptional levels. Early studies identified SND1 as a transcriptional co-activator. SND1 is also a component of RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) thus mediating RNAi function, a regulator of mRNA splicing, editing and stability, and plays a role in maintenance of cell viability. Such diverse actions allow the SND1 to modulate a complex array of molecular networks, thereby promoting carcinogenesis. Here, we describe the crucial role of SND1 in cancer development and progression, and highlight SND1 as a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Jariwala
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Devaraja Rajasekaran
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jyoti Srivastava
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Rachel Gredler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Maaged A Akiel
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Chadia L Robertson
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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18
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Tong G, Savant I, Jariwala N, Burt D, Zheng N, Buzescu A, Bertz R, Keswani S, Marcus R. Phase I single and multiple dose study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of BMS-927711 in healthy subjects. J Headache Pain 2013. [PMCID: PMC3619991 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-14-s1-p118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Tong G, Savant I, Jariwala N, Burt D, Zheng N, Buzescu A, Bertz R, Keswani S, Marcus R. Phase I single and multiple dose study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of BMS-927711 in healthy subjects. J Headache Pain 2013. [DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-1-s1-p118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Upadhya I, Jariwala N, Datar J. Ototoxic effects of irradiation. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 63:151-4. [PMID: 22468252 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-011-0142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study ototoxic effect of ionizing radiation was studied in 70 ears with minimum follow up of 6 months post radiotherapy. Patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and with conductive deafness pre radiotherapy were excluded from the study to eliminate mechanical obstruction that may play role in Eustachian tube dysfunction. We found that Eustachian tube dysfunction and conductive deafness were reversible where as Sensorineural hearing loss was an irreversible effect of radiotherapy. Dose of radiation was directly proportional to ototoxicity, minimum 60 Gys of total radiation dose was required to produce significant ototoxicity.
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Marbury TC, Schwartz S, Rosenberg MA, Jariwala N, Becker RHA, Johnston PS. A pilot study to examine the feasibility of insulin glargine in subjects with impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance or new-onset type 2 diabetes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2008; 116:282-8. [PMID: 18484560 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1022521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE People with early type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes (impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] and/or impaired fasting glucose [IFG]) are at risk of hyperglycaemia-related complications, including cardiovascular disease. Insulin, traditionally reserved as late treatment in type 2 diabetes, may also be a useful therapy in this population. We examined the short-term efficacy and tolerability of insulin glargine (glargine) in individuals with early or pre-type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel group, 12-day study, subjects with IGT/IFG (n=9), newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (n=9) or normal glucose tolerance (n=3) (confined to a clinical research unit taking a prescribed diet) were randomized to once-daily glargine (n=16) or placebo (saline; n=5) at bedtime. Dose was titrated to achieve target fasting blood glucose (FBG) 80-95 mg/dL. RESULTS Over the treatment period, mean FBG decreased in glargine-treated subjects (from 100.0+/-18.8 to 85.6+/-18.4 mg/dL), but was unchanged in placebo-treated subjects (from 112.5+/-10.6 to 111.3+/-17.5 mg/dL). Mean eight-point blood glucose value decreased by 9.7 mg/dL in the glargine group, but increased by 8.1 mg/dL in the placebo group. Mean post-exercise blood glucose was similar before and after glargine treatment, but increased after placebo treatment. Five subjects receiving glargine experienced 16 mild symptomatic hypoglycaemia episodes; however, no hypoglycaemia occurred during exercise. Mean body weight decreased in both the glargine (-0.44 kg) and placebo (-0.25 kg) groups, in line with dietary restrictions. CONCLUSIONS The results of this pilot study suggest that glargine can be used by people with IFG, IGT or new-onset type 2 diabetes for management of hyperglycaemia with low risk of hypoglycaemia. However titration of insulin in people on dietary restrictions should be more cautious as they may be more prone to hypoglycaemia. Further studies are warranted to determine the clinical benefits of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Marbury
- Orlando Clinical Research Center, Orlando, FL, USA
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Abstract
Steroidal derivatives as IL-1 beta release inhibitors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W He
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Central Research, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
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Yu KT, Nuss G, Boyce R, Jariwala N, Owens G, Pennetti A, Chan W, Zhang DC, Chang MN, Zilberstein A. Inhibition of IL-1 release from human monocytes and suppression of streptococcal cell wall and adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats by an extract of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. Gen Pharmacol 1994; 25:1115-22. [PMID: 7875533 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(94)90126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
1. It was investigated whether an extract of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f (TW) inhibits IL-1 production by monocytes and suppresses the development of IL-1-dependent arthritis induced in rats with streptococcal cell wall and adjuvant. 2. TW preferentially inhibited IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta production by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human monocytes with IC50 of approximately 1 microgram/ml. 3. Oral administration of TW dose-dependently suppressed joint swelling and structural damage in streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis (ED50 = 20 mg/kg/day) and in adjuvant-induced arthritis (ED50 = 46 mg/kg/day for developing and 8 mg/kg/day for established arthritis).
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Yu
- Department of Inflammation/Bone Metabolism, Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Central Research, Collegeville, PA 19426
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Yu KT, Lyall R, Jariwala N, Zilberstein A, Haimovich J. Antigen- and ionophore-induced signal transduction in rat basophilic leukemia cells involves protein tyrosine phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 1991; 266:22564-8. [PMID: 1834674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-2H3) with antigen or ionophore leads to an increase in cellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Three major proteins of molecular mass of 72, 92, and 110 kDa are targeted by antigen and a 110-kDa species by ionophore, A23187. The antigen- and ionophore-induced tyrosine phosphorylation responses are dose-dependent and correlate with increases in serotonin release from activated cells. The presence of extracellular Ca2+ is required to sustain the antigen- and ionophore-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation as well as mediator release. A protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, RG 50864, differentially inhibits the antigen-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation in the decreasing order of 72, 91, and 110-kDa proteins. The compound inhibition of the 72-kDa protein tyrosine phosphorylation correlates with that of serotonin release. In ionophore-stimulated cells, the inhibition of the 110-kDa protein tyrosine phosphorylation and serotonin release by RG 50864 occurs in parallel. These results suggest that the 72- and 110-kDa phosphoproteins may represent the respective regulators of serotonin release in antigen- and ionophore-activated cells. The 110-kDa tyrosine phosphorylated proteins from antigen- and ionophore-stimulated cells exhibit identical electrophoretic mobility and V8 protease-generated phosphopeptide maps, suggesting that these two proteins may be the same. These results provide new evidence that both the stimulatory actions of antigen and ionophore on mediator release are mediated through enhanced protein tyrosine phosphorylation in RBL-2H3 cells. Significantly, the present study suggests the presence of multiple tyrosine phosphorylation signaling pathways in RBL cells and that their selective utility may be determined by the nature of the stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Yu
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Central Research, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406
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Carnathan GW, Sweeney DM, Travis JJ, Gordon RJ, Sutherland CA, Jariwala N, Clearfield M, O'Rourke S, Huang FC, Van Inwegen RG. The inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase by RG 6866. Agents Actions 1989; 28:204-11. [PMID: 2596372 DOI: 10.1007/bf01967402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The generation of leukotrienes C4, D4 and E4 from arachidonic acid is dependent upon the activity of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX). The effects of RG 6866 (N-methyl-4-benzyloxyphenylacetohydroxamic acid) on the activity of guinea pig 5-LOX in vitro and in vivo were determined in the present study. The generation of 5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) from arachidonic acid by isolated guinea pig peritoneal polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells was inhibited by incubation with RG 6866 (IC50 = 0.20 microM). A similar effect (IC50 = 0.23 microM) was observed when 5-HETE production was measured in a supernatant fraction from PMNs. Additionally, the compound did not inhibit 3H-LTD4 binding to guinea pig membranes. In actively sensitized guinea pigs pretreated with indomethacin, propranolol and pyrilamine, RG 6866 inhibited antigen-induced systemic anaphylaxis and LTD4-dependent bronchoconstriction in a dose-dependent manner following oral administration. In the pulmonary anaphylaxis model, significant (p less than 0.05) inhibition of the mortality was observed within 30 min and maintained through four hours after treatment with RG 6866 (50 mg/kg i.g.). Finally, orally administered RG 6866 inhibited the formation of LTC4 in these animals with an ED50 = 24.0 mg/kg. These findings indicate that RG 6866 is an inhibitor of 5-LOX both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Carnathan
- Department of Immunobiology, Rorer Central Research, King of Prussia, PA 19406
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Khandwala A, Van Inwegen R, Coutts S, Dally-Meade V, Jariwala N, Huang F, Musser J, Brown R, Loev B, Weinryb I. Antiallergic activity profiles in vitro of RHC 3164 and related compounds. I. A lack of correlation between inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and antigen-induced release of histamine from rat mast cells. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1984; 73:56-64. [PMID: 6198287 DOI: 10.1159/000233438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of 26 compounds belonging to the chemical class of (1,2,4)triazolo(4,3-a)-quinoxaline-1,4-diones have been investigated for their antiallergic activities in 3 in vitro models of anaphylaxis. Effects of these and other known antiallergic agents on cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (cNUC-PDE) from purified rat mast cells have also been investigated. 18 compounds were potent (I50 less than or equal to 45 microM) inhibitors of antigen-induced release of histamine (AIR) from rat mast cells (RMC), 3 compounds inhibited anti-IgE-induced release of histamine from human basophils (I50 less than or equal to 25 microM) and none of the compounds significantly affected AIR from guinea pig lung slices. 13 of the compounds were more potent than theophylline as inhibitors of cyclic AMP-PDE and/or cyclic GMP-PDE from RMC. Parallel concentration-response curves for the inhibition of cyclic AMP-PDE and cyclic GMP-PDE indicated that these compounds probably interact with enzyme in the same manner. Paired regression analysis of the I50 values for inhibition of AIR and cNUC-PDE from RMC by these compounds revealed no statistically significant correlation between the inhibition of AIR and inhibition of cyclic AMP-PDE or cyclic GMP-PDE. We conclude: (1) some of these compounds are potent inhibitors of immunologic release of histamine from RMC with an in vitro activity profile similar to that of DSCG, and (2) inhibition of cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP hydrolysis by cNUD-PDE by these compounds, DSCG, and 6 known antiallergic agents is not the biochemical mechanism by which they inhibit AIR from RMC.
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Khandwala A, Dally-Meade V, Jariwala N, Huang F. Antiallergic activity profiles in vitro of RHC 3164 and related compounds. II. Comparison of RHC 3164 with disodium cromoglycate. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1984; 73:65-70. [PMID: 6198288 DOI: 10.1159/000233439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
RHC 3164 has been investigated for its antiallergic activities in 3 in vitro models of anaphylaxis. RHC 3164 was 6 times more potent than DSCG as an inhibitor of antigen-induced release of histamine (AIR) from rat mast cells (RMC) and had an activity profile identical to that of DSCG in the following respects: loss of inhibitory activity with increasing preincubation time, tachyphylactic properties, cross-tachyphylaxis to DSCG, and inability to inhibit nonimmunologic release of histamine. Neither RHC 3164 nor DSCG had any effect on immunologic release of histamine from human basophils or guinea pig lung slices. We conclude that RHC 3164 is a potent inhibitor of immunologic release of histamine from RMC with a mechanism of action similar to that of DSCG.
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Khandwala A, Coutts S, Dally-Meade V, Jariwala N, Musser J, Brown R, Jones H, Loev B, Weinryb I. RHC 3288 [1-methyl-2(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one-5-yl) benzimidazole] and related compounds. Novel inhibitors of histamine release from rat mast cells and human basophils. Biochem Pharmacol 1983; 32:3325-33. [PMID: 6197075 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
RHC 3288 [1-methyl-2(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one-5-yl) benzimidazole] and twenty-five related 5-substituted oxadiazolones have been investigated for their antiallergic activities in three in vitro models of anaphylaxis. Sixteen compounds were potent (I50 less than or equal to 50 microM) inhibitors of antigen-induced release of histamine (AIR) from rat mast cells (RMC), and seven compounds inhibited anti-IgE-induced release of histamine from human basophils (I50 less than or equal to 100 microM). The antiallergic activity profiles of RHC 3288 and three other compounds in these models have been compared with that of disodium cromoglycate (DSCG). As inhibitors of AIR from RMC, RHC 3288, 3334, 3354 and 3380 were 3 to 10 times more potent than DSCG. In the same model (AIR from RMC), activity profiles of all four RHC compounds were identical to that of DSCG in the following respects: loss of inhibitory activity with increasing preincubation time, tachyphylaxis and cross-tachyphylaxis to each other, and inability to inhibit histamine release stimulated by Ca2+ ionophore, dextran + phosphatidyl serine and compound 48/80. RHC 3288, 3334, 3354 and DSCG had no effect in the other two models, histamine release from guinea pig lung mediated predominantly by IgG1 class of antibodies and anti-IgE-induced histamine release from human basophils. We conclude that RHC 3288 is a potent inhibitor of mediator release with a mechanism of action similar to that of DSCG.
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Khandwala A, Coutts SM, Dally-Meade V, Jariwala N, Huang FC. RHC 3024: antiallergic activity in vitro and comparison with disodium cromoglycate and other antiallergic agents. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1983; 70:311-20. [PMID: 6186610 DOI: 10.1159/000233342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
RHC 3024 has been investigated for its antiallergic activity in three in vitro models of anaphylaxis. We have also compared its activity profile in these models with that of disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) and other antiallergic agents. As an inhibitor of antigen-induced release of histamine from rat mast cells RHC 3024 was 4 times more potent than DSCG. In the same model the activity profile of RHC 3024 was identical to that of DSCG in the following respects: loss of inhibitory activity with increasing preincubation time, reversibility of the inhibition, tachyphylaxis and cross-tachyphylaxis to each other and inability to inhibit histamine release stimulated by Ca++ ionophore, dextran/phosphatidyl serine and compound 48/80. Both drugs had no effect in the other two models, IgG1-mediated histamine release from guinea pig lung and anti-IgE-induced histamine release from human basophils. We conclude: (1) RHC 3024 is a potent inhibitor of mediator release with a mechanism of action similar to that of DSCG, M&B 22,948, PRD-92-Ea and AH-7725 and (2) the in vitro activity profiles of proxicromil, doxantrazole, ICI 74,917 and WY-16,922 are different from DSCG and RHC 3024.
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Coutts SM, Nehring R, Jariwala N, Weinryb I, Khandwala A. Loss of IgE receptors and shedding of a protease during purification of mast cells. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1981; 66 Suppl 1:78-81. [PMID: 7030969 DOI: 10.1159/000232874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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