Tzioumis NA, Cullen DA, Jolliffe KA, White NG. Selective Removal of Sulfate from Water by Precipitation with a Rigid Bis-amidinium Compound.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023;
62:e202218360. [PMID:
36702770 DOI:
10.1002/anie.202218360]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A simple, readily prepared biphenyl bis-amidinium compound (1⋅Cl2 ) is able to selectively precipitate sulfate from water. The precipitant is effective at concentrations as low as 1 mM and shows complete selectivity against monovalent anions, and high selectivity even against CO3 2- and HPO4 2- . It is highly effective (>90 % sulfate removed) in both seawater and highly acidic conditions relevant to mining waste-streams. X-ray crystallography reveals that 1⋅SO4 forms a tightly packed, anhydrous, structure where each sulfate anion receives eight hydrogen bonds from amidinium N-H hydrogen bond donors.
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