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Hagan LM, Montgomery MP, Lauro PL, Cima M, Stringer G, Kupferman NM, Leapley A, Gandhi AP, Nims D, Iberg Johnson J, Bouton L, Burkholder C, Grilli GA, Kittle T, Hansen K, Sievers MM, Newman AP, Albertson JP, Taylor B, Pietrowski M, Stous S, Qiu-Shultz Z, Jones C, Barbeau B, Nicolai LA, McCombs K, Chan M, Cooley L, Gupta N, Nelson N. Recent Incarceration Among Individuals Infected With Hepatitis A Virus During Person-to-Person Community Outbreaks, United States, 2016-2020. Public Health Rep 2022:333549221108413. [PMID: 35856418 DOI: 10.1177/00333549221108413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although many people who are incarcerated have risk factors for hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, the proportion of hepatitis A cases among people with a recent incarceration is unknown. We examined the relationship between recent incarceration and HAV infection during community-based, person-to-person outbreaks to inform public health recommendations. METHODS The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveyed health departments in 33 jurisdictions reporting person-to-person HAV outbreaks during 2016-2020 on the number of outbreak-associated cases, HAV-infected people recently incarcerated, and HAV-associated hospitalizations and deaths. RESULTS Twenty-five health departments reported 18 327 outbreak-associated hepatitis A cases during January 11, 2016-January 24, 2020. In total, 2093 (11.4%) HAV-infected people had been recently incarcerated. Of those with complete data, 1402 of 1462 (95.9%) had been held in a local jail, and 1513 of 1896 (79.8.%) disclosed hepatitis A risk factors. Eighteen jurisdictions reported incarceration timing relative to the exposure period. Of 9707 cases in these jurisdictions, 991 (10.2%) were among recently incarcerated people; 451 of 688 (65.6%) people with complete data had been incarcerated during all (n = 55) or part (n = 396) of their exposure period. CONCLUSIONS Correctional facilities are important settings for reaching people with risk factors for HAV infection and can also be venues where transmission occurs. Providing HAV vaccination to incarcerated people, particularly people housed in jails, can be an effective component of community-wide outbreak response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesl M Hagan
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Martha P Montgomery
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Michael Cima
- Arkansas Department of Health, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Ginger Stringer
- Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Nikki M Kupferman
- Division of Public Health, Delaware Department of Health and Social Services, Dover, DE, USA
| | | | - Ami P Gandhi
- Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dawn Nims
- Illinois Department of Public Health, Springfield, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Cole Burkholder
- Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Theresa Kittle
- Mississippi State Department of Health, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Katrina Hansen
- New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, Concord, NH, USA
| | | | | | - Justin P Albertson
- North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Sarah Stous
- San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Bree Barbeau
- Utah Department of Public Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | | | - Mary Chan
- Washington State Department of Health, Tumwater, WA, USA
| | - Laura Cooley
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Neil Gupta
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Noele Nelson
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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