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Taylor A, Mills D, Wang T, Ntalamagka N, Cummins SF, Elizur A. A Sperm Spawn-Inducing Pheromone in the Silver Lip Pearl Oyster (Pinctada maxima). Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2018; 20:531-541. [PMID: 29705863 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9824-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pheromones are considered to play an important role in broadcast spawning in aquatic animals, facilitating synchronous release of gametes. In oysters, the sperm has been implicated as a carrier for the spawn-inducing pheromone (SIP). In hatchery conditions, male pearl oysters (Pinctata maxima) can be stimulated to spawn through a variety of approaches (e.g. rapid temperature change), while females can only be induced to spawn through exposure to conspecific sperm, thus limiting development of targeted pairing, required for genetic research and management. The capacity for commercial production and improvement of genetic lines of pearl oysters could be greatly improved with access to a SIP. In this study, we prepared and sequenced crude and semi-purified P. maxima sperm extracts that were used in bioassays to localise the female SIP. We report that the P. maxima SIP is proteinaceous and extrinsically associated with the sperm membrane. Bioactivity from pooled RP-HPLC fractions, but not individual fractions, suggests that the SIP is multi-component. We conclude that crude sperm preparations, as described in this study, can be used as a sperm-free inducer of female P. maxima spawning, which enables for a more efficient approach to genetic breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Taylor
- Darwin Aquaculture Centre, Channel Island, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0800, Australia
- Genecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - D Mills
- Darwin Aquaculture Centre, Channel Island, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0800, Australia
| | - T Wang
- Genecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - N Ntalamagka
- Genecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - S F Cummins
- Genecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - A Elizur
- Genecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, 4558, Australia.
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In VV, Ntalamagka N, O'Connor W, Wang T, Powell D, Cummins SF, Elizur A. Reproductive neuropeptides that stimulate spawning in the Sydney Rock Oyster (Saccostrea glomerata). Peptides 2016; 82:109-119. [PMID: 27328253 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The Sydney Rock Oyster, Saccostrea glomerata, is a socioeconomically important species in Australia, yet little is known about the molecular mechanism that regulates its reproduction. To address this gap, we have performed a combination of high throughput transcriptomic and peptidomic analysis, to identify genes and neuropeptides that are expressed in the key regulatory tissues of S. glomerata; the visceral ganglia and gonads. Neuropeptides are known to encompass a diverse class of peptide messengers that play functional roles in many aspects of an animal's life, including reproduction. Approximately 28 neuropeptide genes were identified, primarily within the visceral ganglia transcriptome, that encode precursor proteins containing numerous neuropeptides; some were confirmed through mass spectral peptidomics analysis of the visceral ganglia. Of those, 28 bioactive neuropeptides were synthesized, and then tested for their capacity to induce gonad development and spawning in S. glomerata. Egg laying hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, APGWamide, buccalin, CCAP and LFRFamide were neuropeptides found to trigger spawning in ripe animals. Additional testing of APGWa and buccalin demonstrated their capacity to advance conditioning and gonadal maturation. In summary, our analysis of S. glomerata has identified neuropeptides that can influence the reproductive cycle of this species, specifically by accelerating gonadal maturation and triggering spawning. Other molluscan neuropeptides identified in this study will enable further research into understanding the neuroendocrinology of oysters, which may benefit their cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Van In
- Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland 4558, Australia; Northern National Broodstock Center for Mariculture, Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1, Catba Islands, Haiphong, Vietnam
| | - Nikoleta Ntalamagka
- Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland 4558, Australia
| | - Wayne O'Connor
- Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland 4558, Australia; Industry and Investment NSW, Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, NSW, 2316, Australia
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland 4558, Australia
| | - Daniel Powell
- Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland 4558, Australia
| | - Scott F Cummins
- Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland 4558, Australia
| | - Abigail Elizur
- Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland 4558, Australia.
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