1
|
Song J, Liu L, Wang Z, Xie D, Azami NLB, Lu L, Huang Y, Ye W, Zhang Q, Sun M. CCL20 and CD8A as potential diagnostic biomarkers for HBV-induced liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28329. [PMID: 38596115 PMCID: PMC11002547 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The main cause of the liver fibrosis (LF) remains hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, especially in China. Histologically, liver fibrosis still occurs progressively in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, even if HBV-DNA is negative or undetectable. The diagnosis of LF is beneficial to control the development of it, also it may promote the reversal of LF. Although liver biopsy is the gold standard of diagnosis in LF at present, it isa traumatic diagnosis. There are no diagnostic biomarkers as yet for the condition. It is badly in need of biomarkers clinically, which is simple to test, minimally invasive, highly specific, and sensitive. Early detection of HBV-LF development is crucial in the prevention, treatment, and prognosis prediction of HBV-LF. Cytokines are closely associated with both immune regulation and inflammation in the progression of hepatitis B virus associated-liver fibrosis (HBV-LF). In this bioinformatic study, we not only analyzed the relationship between HBV-LF and immune infiltration, but also identified key genes to uncover new therapeutic targets. Objectives To find potential biomarkers for liver fibrosis in the development of chronic hepatic B patients. Materials and methods We obtained two sets of data including CHB/healthy control and CHB/HBV-LF from the Integrated Gene Expression (GEO) database to select for differential expression analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also generated, while key genes and important gene modules involved in the occurrence and development of HBV-LF were identified. These key genes were analyzed by functional enrichment analysis, module analysis, and survival analysis. Furthermore, the relationship between these two diseases and immune infiltration was explored. Results Among the identified genes, 150 were individually associated with CHB and healthy control in the differential gene expression (DGE) analysis. While 14 with CHB and HBV-LF. It was also analyzed in the Robust rank aggregation (RRA) analysis, 34 differential genes were further identified by Cytohubba. Among 34 differential genes, two core genes were determined: CCL20 and CD8A. CCL20 was able to predict CHB positivity (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC-ROC] = 0.883, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.786-0.963), while HBV-LF positivity ([AUC-ROC] = 0.687, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.592-0.779). And CD8A was able to predict CHB positivity ([AUC-ROC] = 0.960, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.915-0.992), while HBV-LF positivity ([AUC-ROC] = 0.773, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.680-0.856). Relationship between CCL20 gene expression and LF grades was P < 0.05, as well as CD8A. Conclusion CCL20 and CD8A were found to be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HBV-LF. It is instructive for research on the progression of LF in HBV patients, suppression of chronic inflammation, and development of molecularly targeted-therapy for HBV-LF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Song
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yanping Huang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Z, Bahaji Azami NL, Liu N, Sun M. Research Progress of Intestinal Microecology in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Adenoma and Carcinogenesis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338221135938. [PMID: 36740990 PMCID: PMC9903042 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221135938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal adenoma is a precancerous lesion that may progress to colorectal cancer. Patients with colorectal adenoma had a 4-fold higher risk of developing colorectal malignancy than the rest of the population, with approximately 80% of colorectal cancer originating from colorectal adenoma. Therefore, preventing the occurrence and progression of colorectal adenoma is crucial in reducing the risk for colorectal cancer. The human intestinal microecology is a complex system consisting of numerous microbial communities with a sophisticated structure. Interactions among intestinal microorganisms play crucial roles in maintaining normal intestinal structure, digestion, absorption, metabolism, and other functions. The colorectal system is the largest microbial bank or fermentation system in the human body. Studies suggest that intestinal microecological imbalance, one of the most important environmental factors, may play an essential role in the occurrence and development of colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer. Based on the complexity of studying the gut microbiota ecosystem, its specific role in the occurrence and development of colorectal adenoma is yet to be elucidated. In addition, further studies are expected to provide new insights regarding the prevention and treatment of colorectal adenoma. This article reviews the relationship and mechanism of the diversity of the gut microbiota, the relevant inflammatory response, immune regulation, and metabolic changes in the presence of colorectal adenomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Ningning Liu, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Mingyu Sun, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu C, Bian Y, Lu B, Wang D, Azami NLB, Wei G, Ma F, Sun M. Rhubarb free anthraquinones improved mice nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome. J Transl Med 2022; 20:294. [PMID: 35765026 PMCID: PMC9238089 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases and has become a huge public health issue worldwide. Inhibition of nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a potential therapeutic strategy for NAFLD. Currently, there are no drugs targeting NLRP3 inflammasome for clinical treatment of NAFLD. In this study, we explored the efficacy and mechanism of rhubarb free anthraquinones (RFAs) in treating NAFLD by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome. Methods First, NLRP3 inflammasome was established in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), Kuffer cells and primary hepatocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inflammasome inducers to evaluate the effect of RFAs on inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and explore the possible mechanism. Further, Mice NAFLD were established by methionine and choline deficiency diet (MCD) to verify the effect of RFAs on ameliorating NAFLD by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome. Results Our results demonstrated that RFAs including rhein/diacerein, emodin, aloe emodin and 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone inhibited interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) but had no effect on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Similar results were also showed in mouse primary hepatocytes and Kuffer cells. RFAs inhibited cleavage of caspase-1, formation of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) speck, and the combination between NLRP3 and ASC. Moreover, RFAs improved liver function, serum inflammation, histopathological inflammation score and liver fibrosis. Conclusions RFAs including rhein/diacerein, emodin, aloe emodin and 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone ameliorated NAFLD by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome. RFAs might be a potential therapeutic agent for NAFLD. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03495-4. Diacerein/rhein as NLRP3 blockers used in treating osteoarthritis clinically. RFAs including rhein/diacerein are main components of Rhubarb contained in yinchenhao decoction. RFAs inhibited the transcription and assembly of NLRP3 inflammasome. RFAs, Rhubarb and yinchenhao decoction improved NAFLD probably by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome. RFAs are the potential NLRP3 inflammasome blockers for treating NAFLD clinically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yanqin Bian
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingjie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Gang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Ma
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Z, Sun X, Feng Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wang Y, Fang Z, Azami NLB, Sun M, Li Q. Corrigendum to Dihydromyricetin reverses MRP2-induced multidrug resistance by preventing NF-κB-Nrf2 signaling in colorectal cancer cell Phytomedicine 82(2021) PHYMED 153414. Phytomedicine 2022; 100:153732. [PMID: 35358933 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Department of Pathology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Qi Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Z, Song J, Azami NLB, Sun M. Identification of a Novel Immune Landscape Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Response of Colon Cancer to Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:802665. [PMID: 35572595 PMCID: PMC9095944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.802665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To construct an immune-related gene prognostic index (IRGPI) for colon cancer and elucidate the molecular and immune characteristics as well as the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in IRGPI-defined groups of colon cancer. Experimental Design Transcriptional and clinical data of colon cancer samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (n = 521). Immune-related genes were obtained from ImmPort and InnateDB databases. 21 immune-related hub genes were identified byweighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). the Cox regression method was used to construct IRGPI and validated with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset (n = 584). Finally, the molecular and immune profiles in the groups defined by IRGPI and the benefit of ICI treatment were analyzed. Results 8 genes were identified to construct IRGPI. IRGPI-low group had a better overall survival (OS) than IRGPI-high group. And this was well validated in the GEO cohort. Overall results showed that those with low IRGPI scores were enriched in antitumor metabolism, and collated with high infiltration of resting memory CD4 T cells and less aggressive phenotypes, benefiting more from ICI treatment. Conversely, high IRGPI scores were associated with cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and chemokine signaling pathways, high infiltration of macrophage M1, suppressed immunity, more aggressive colon cancer phenotypes, as well as reduced therapeutic benefit from ICI treatment. Conclusions IRGPI is a promising biomarker to differentiate the prognostic and molecular profile of colon cancer, as well as the therapeutic benefits of ICI treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingru Song
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hui D, Liu L, Azami NLB, Song J, Huang Y, Xu W, Wu C, Xie D, Jiang Y, Bian Y, Sun M. The spleen-strengthening and liver-draining herbal formula treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulation of intestinal flora in clinical trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1107071. [PMID: 36743913 PMCID: PMC9892935 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1107071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As a metabolic disease, one important feature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the disturbance of the intestinal flora. Spleen-strengthening and liver-draining formula (SLF) is a formula formed according to the theory of "One Qi Circulation" (Qing Dynasty, 1749) of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which has shown significant therapeutic effect in patients with NAFLD in a preliminary clinical observation. In this study, we aim to explore the mechanism of SLF against NAFLD, especially its effect on glucolipid metabolism, from the perspective of intestinal flora. METHODS A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study was designed to observe the efficacy and safety of SLF in the treatment of NAFLD. The study participants were randomly and evenly divided into control group and treatment group (SLF group). The control group made lifestyle adjustments, while the SLF group was treated with SLF on top of the control group. Both groups were participated in the study for 12 consecutive weeks. Furthermore, the feces of the two groups were collected before and after treatment. The intestinal flora of each group and healthy control (HC) were detected utilizing 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the SLF group showed significant improvements in liver function, controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM), meanwhile, patients had significantly lower lipid and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) with better security. Intestinal flora 16S rRNA gene sequencing results indicated reduced flora diversity and altered species abundance in patients with NAFLD. At the phylum level, Desulfobacterota levels were reduced. Although Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes did not differ significantly between HC and NAFLD, when grouped by alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels in NAFLD, Firmicutes levels were significantly higher in patients with ALT or AST abnormalities, while Bacteroidetes was significantly lower. Clinical correlation analysis showed that Firmicutes positively correlated with gender, age, ALT, AST, LSM, and Fibroscan-AST (FAST) score, while the opposite was true for Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, the levels of Alistipes, Bilophila, Butyricimonas, Coprococcus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 group Phascolarctobacterium, Ruminococcus, UCG-002, and UCG-003 were reduced, whereas abundance of Tyzzerella increased. There was no statistically significant difference in Firmicutes and Bacteroidota levels in the SLF group before and after treatment, but both bacteria tended to retrace. At the genus level, Coprococcus (Lachnospiraceae family), Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 group (Lachnospiraceae family), and Ruminococcus (Ruminococcaceae family) were significantly higher in the SLF group after treatment, and there was also a tendency for Bilophila (Desulfovibrionaceae family) to be back-regulated toward HC. CONCLUSIONS SLF can improve liver function and glucolipid metabolism in patients with NAFLD and lower down liver fat content to some extent. SLF could be carried out by regulating the disturbance of intestinal flora, especially Coprococcus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 group, and Ruminococcus genus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dengcheng Hui
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingru Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanping Huang
- Department of Good Clinical Practice Office, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan Xu
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulang Jiang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqin Bian
- Arthritis Institute of Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Mingyu Sun,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bian Y, Chen X, Cao H, Xie D, Zhu M, Yuan N, Lu L, Lu B, Wu C, Bahaji Azami NL, Wang Z, Wang H, Zhang Y, Li K, Ye G, Sun M. A correlational study of Weifuchun and its clinical effect on intestinal flora in precancerous lesions of gastric cancer. Chin Med 2021; 16:120. [PMID: 34801051 PMCID: PMC8605594 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Weifuchun (WFC), a Chinese herbal prescription consisting of Red Ginseng, Isodon amethystoides and Fructus Aurantii, is commonly used in China to treat a variety of chronic stomach disorders. The aim of the paper was to determine the effect of WFC on intestinal microbiota changes in precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) patients. Methods PLGC patients of H. pylori negative were randomly divided into two groups and received either WFC tablets for a dose of 1.44 g three times a day or vitacoenzyme (Vit) tablets for a dose of 0.8 g three times a day. All patients were treated for 6 months consecutively. Gastroscopy and histopathology were used to assess the histopathological changes in gastric tissues before and after treatment. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was carried out to assess the effects WFC on intestinal microbiota changes in PLGC patients. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of different intestinal microbiota in distinguishing between PLGC patients and healthy control group. Results Gastroscopy and histopathological results indicated that WFC could improve the pathological condition of PLGC patients, especially in the case of atrophy or intestinal metaplasia. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that WFC could regulate microbial diversity, microbial composition, and abundance of the intestinal microbiota of PLGC patients. Following WFC treatment, the relative abundance of Parabacteroides decreased in WFC group when compared with the Vit group. ROC analysis found that the Parabacteroides could effectively distinguish PLGC patients from healthy individuals with sensitivity of 0.79 and specificity of 0.8. Conclusions WFC could slow down the progression of PLGC by regulating intestinal microbiota abundance. Trial registration NCT03814629. Name of registry: Randomized Clinical Trial: Weifuchun Treatment on Precancerous Lesions of Gastric Cancer. Registered 3 August 2018-Retrospectively registered, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/ NCT03814629.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Bian
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Department of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Hongyan Cao
- Department of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Meiping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Nong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bingjie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Building 4, No. 898, Halei Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yeqing Zhang
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Building 4, No. 898, Halei Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Kun Li
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Building 4, No. 898, Halei Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Guan Ye
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Building 4, No. 898, Halei Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lu B, Wu C, Azami NLB, Xie D, Zhao C, Xu W, Hui D, Chen X, Sun R, Song J, An Y, Li K, Wang H, Ye G, Sun M. Babao Dan improves neurocognitive function by inhibiting inflammation in clinical minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111084. [PMID: 33383371 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Inflammation has been considered a precipitating event that contributes to neurocognitive dysfunction in minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Inhibition TLR-4 related inflammation can effectively improve neurocognitive dysfunction of MHE. Our previous study showed that Babao Dan (BBD) effectively inhibited inflammation and ameliorated neurocognitive function in rats with acute hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and chronic HE. The mechanism may lie in the regulation of TLR4 signaling pathway. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the role of BBD in the treatment of MHE patients with cirrhosis and to elucidate the underlying mechanism by which BBD regulated TLR4 pathway to alleviate inflammation. METHODS A randomized controlled trial (n = 62) was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy between BBD plus lactulose (n = 31) and lactulose alone (n = 31) in MHE patients by testing neurocognitive function (NCT-A and DST), blood ammonia, liver function (ALT, AST and TBIL) and blood inflammation (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α). Afterward, we detected NO, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and the phosphorylation of P65, JNK, ERK as well as P38 in LPS-activated rat primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), peritoneal macrophages (PMs), and mouse primary BMDMs/PMs/microglia/astrocytes, to investigate the underlying mechanism of BBD inhibiting inflammation through TLR4 pathway. Also, the survival rate of mice, liver function (ALT, AST), blood inflammation (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α), inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and histopathological changes in the liver, brain and lung were measured to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of BBD on neurocognitive function in endotoxin shock/endotoxemia mice. RESULTS BBD combined with lactulose significantly ameliorated neurocognitive function by decreasing NCT-A (p<0.001) and increasing DST (p<0.001); inhibited systemic inflammation by decreasing IL-1β (p<0.001), IL-6(p<0.001) and TNF-α (p<0.001); reduced ammonia level (p = 0.005), and improved liver function by decreasing ALT(p = 0.043), AST(p = 0.003) and TBIL (p = 0.026) in MHE patients. Furthermore, BBD inhibited gene and protein expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α as well as NO in rat primary BMDMs/PMs, and mouse primary BMDMs/PMs/microglia/astrocytes in a dose-dependent manner. BBD inhibited the activation of mouse primary BMDMs/PMs/microglia/astrocytes by regulating TLR4 pathway involving the phosphorylation of P65, JNK, ERK and P38. Also, BBD reduced the mortality of mice with endotoxin shock/endotoxemia; serum levels of ALT, AST, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α; gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the liver, brain and lung, and tissue damage in the liver and lung. CONCLUSION Our study provided for the first time clinical and experimental evidence supporting the use of BBD in MHE, and revealed that BBD could play a crucial role in targeting and regulating TLR4 inflammatory pathway to improve neurocognitive function in MHE patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Lu
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Chao Wu
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Dong Xie
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Changqing Zhao
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wan Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Dengcheng Hui
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, China.
| | - Runfei Sun
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jingru Song
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yongtong An
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Kun Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Huijun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Guan Ye
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Z, Sun X, Feng Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wang Y, Fang Z, Azami NLB, Sun M, Li Q. Dihydromyricetin reverses MRP2-induced multidrug resistance by preventing NF-κB-Nrf2 signaling in colorectal cancer cell. Phytomedicine 2021; 82:153414. [PMID: 33461143 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Dihydromyricetin (DMY), a natural flavonoid compound from the leaves of the Chinese medicinal herb Vitis heyneana, has been shown to have the potential to combat chemoresistance by inhibiting Nrf2/MRP2 signaling in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. However, the precise underlying molecular mechanism and its therapeutic target are not well understood. PURPOSE Our study aims to investigate the effects of DMY on multidrug resistance (MDR), and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN In vitro, HCT116/OXA and HCT8/VCR cells were employed as our MDR models. The cells were treated with DMY (50 µM) or MK-571 (50 µM) plus oxaliplatin (OXA) (10 µM) or vincristine (VCR) (10 µM) for 48 h. In vivo, we used BALB/c mice as a CRC xenograft mouse model. BALB/c mice were given DMY (100 mg/kg), OXA (5 mg/kg) and DMY (100 mg/kg) combined with OXA (5 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal route every 2 days per week for 4 weeks. METHODS We used MTT and colony forming assays to detect DMY's ability to reverse MDR. Flow cytometric analysis was used to detect apoptosis. Immunocytochemistry was used to detect the localization of Nrf2 and NF-κB/p65. Western blot, qRT-PCR and reporter gene assays were employed to measure the protein and gene transcriptional levels (MRP2, Nrf2, NF-κB/p65). Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was used to investigate the endogenous promoter occupancy of NF-κB/p65. Finally, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining were used to detect protein expression and apoptosis in vivo. RESULTS DMY restored chemosensitivity (OXA and VCR) by inhibiting both MRP2 expression and its promoter activity in HCT116/OXA and HCT8/VCR cell lines. Furthermore, DMY could inhibit NF-κB/p65 expression, reducing NF-κB/p65 translocation to the nucleus to silence Nrf2 signaling, which is necessary for MRP2 expression. Overexpressing NF-κB/p65 expression reduced the reversal effect of DMY. In addition, NF-κB/p65 regulated Nrf2 expression by directly binding to its specific promoter region and activating its transcription. Finally, we proved that the combination of OXA and DMY has a synergistic tumor suppression effect in vivo. CONCLUSION Our study provided a novel mechanism of DMY boosted chemosensitivity in human CRC. The downstream signals of DMY, NF-κB or Nrf2 could also be potential targets for the treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Department of Pathology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Qi Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lu L, Wu C, Lu BJ, Xie D, Wang Z, Bahaji Azami NL, An YT, Wang HJ, Ye G, Sun MY. BabaoDan cures hepatic encephalopathy by decreasing ammonia levels and alleviating inflammation in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 249:112301. [PMID: 31622746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE BabaoDan (BBD) is a famous traditional Chinese formula frequently used in TCM clinics to eliminate jaundice and treat infectious viral hepatitis. This paper assesses BBD's preventive and therapeutic effects on hepatic encephalopathy after liver cirrhosis (CHE) and acute liver failure (AHE) in rats and explains its possible mechanism of action. METHODS CHE rat model was established by injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) twice a week for a total of 9 weeks and then by injection of thioacetamide (TAA) to induce hepatic encephalopathy. AHE rat model was established by injection of TAA once a day for a total of 3 days. In CHE rat model, BBD was gavaged once a day at the end of the 6th week until the experiment ended. In AHE rat model,BBD was gavaged once a day 3 days before TAA injection until the experiment ended. The preventive and therapeutic effects of BBD on brain dysfunction, as well as liver injury, pathology and fibrosis were evaluated in vivo. The role of BBD in the regulation of inflammatory factors and myeloid differentiation factor 88/Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-B (TLR4/MyD88/NK-κ B) pathway was detected in both liver and brain in vivo. The rat bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) were activated by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the role of BBD in the regulation of inflammatory factors and NK-κ B pathway were detected in vitro. RESULTS In CHE rat model: BBD significantly improved the total distance as well as the activity rate of rats. BBD also improved the learning and memory abilities of rats compared with the control group. In addition, BBD effectively decreased ammonia levels and significantly decreased the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TBil) and total bile acid (TBA), as well as improved the levels of total protein (TP) and albumin (Alb). In the liver, BBD not only inhibited the gene expressions of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukini-6 (IL-6), TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κ B but also inhibited the protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, NK-κ B and TNF-α. In the brain, BBD inhibited the gene expressions of iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α, TLR-4, MyD88, and NF-κ B, as well as inhibited the protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, P65 TNF-α and ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1). BBD also decreased NO and TNF-α in the blood. IN AHE RAT MODEL BBD improved neurological scores, blood ammonia levels and the brain inflammatory gene expressions of iNOS, TNF-α and IL-1β. BBD also improved liver function biomarkers such as ALT, TBil, TBA, TP, ALB and inflammatory and apoptotic gene expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-3 and NF-κ B. In LPS-activated rat BMDMs, BBD decreased NO and TNF-α production in BMDM culture supernatant. In addition, BBD inhibited the gene expressions of TNF-α, IL-1 β and IL-6 as well as the phosphorylation of P65. CONCLUSION BBD can prevent and cure hepatic encephalopathy (HE) derived from both chronic and acute liver diseases. BBD can reduce hyperammonemia as well as the systematic and neurological inflammation. Inflammation is likely an important target of BBD to treat HE. The anti-inflammatory role of BBD may lie in its regulation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κ B pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Chao Wu
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Bing-Jie Lu
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Dong Xie
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yong-Tong An
- Central Research Institute of Shanghai Pharmaceutical Group Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hui-Jun Wang
- Central Research Institute of Shanghai Pharmaceutical Group Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Guan Ye
- Central Research Institute of Shanghai Pharmaceutical Group Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Ming-Yu Sun
- Shuguang Hospital, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|