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Liu JS, Li XC, Zhang QY, Han LF, Xia S, Kassegne K, Zhu YZ, Yin K, Hu QQ, Xiu LS, Wang XC, Li OY, Li M, Zhou ZB, Dong K, He L, Wang SX, Yang XC, Zhang Y, Guo XK, Li SZ, Zhou XN, Zhang XX. China's application of the One Health approach in addressing public health threats at the human-animal-environment interface: Advances and challenges. One Health 2023; 17:100607. [PMID: 37588422 PMCID: PMC10425407 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to emerging issues such as global climate change and zoonotic disease pandemics, the One Health approach has gained more attention since the turn of the 21st century. Although One Health thinking has deep roots and early applications in Chinese history, significant gaps exist in China's real-world implementation at the complex interface of the human-animal-environment. Methods We abstracted the data from the global One Health index study and analysed China's performance in selected fields based on Structure-Process-Outcome model. By comparing China to the Belt & Road and G20 countries, the advances and gaps in China's One Health performance were determined and analysed. Findings For the selected scientific fields, China generally performs better in ensuring food security and controlling antimicrobial resistance and worse in addressing climate change. Based on the SPO model, the "structure" indicators have the highest proportion (80.00%) of high ranking and the "outcome" indicators have the highest proportion (20.00%) of low ranking. When compared with Belt and Road countries, China scores above the median in almost all indicators (16 out of 18) under the selected scientific fields. When compared with G20 countries, China ranks highest in food security (scores 72.56 and ranks 6th), and lowest in climate change (48.74, 11th). Conclusion Our results indicate that while China has made significant efforts to enhance the application of the One Health approach in national policies, it still faces challenges in translating policies into practical measures. It is recommended that a holistic One Health action framework be established for China in accordance with diverse social and cultural contexts, with a particular emphasis on overcoming data barriers and mobilizing stakeholders both domestically and globally. Implementation mechanisms, with clarified stakeholder responsibilities and incentives, should be improved along with top-level design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Shu Liu
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xin-Chen Li
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qi-Yu Zhang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Le-Fei Han
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shang Xia
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Kokouvi Kassegne
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yong-Zhang Zhu
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Kun Yin
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qin-Qin Hu
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Le-Shan Xiu
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiang-Cheng Wang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Odel Y. Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
- Shanghai Legislative Research Institute, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zheng-Bin Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ke Dong
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lu He
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shu-Xun Wang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xue-Chen Yang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Kui Guo
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Zhang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
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Zhao Z, Xie Y, Bai B, Luo C, Zhou J, Li W, Meng Y, Li L, Li D, Li X, Li X, Wang X, Sun J, Xu Z, Sun Y, Zhang W, Fan Z, Zhao X, Wu L, Ma J, Li OY, Shang G, Chai Y, Liu K, Wang P, Gao GF, Qi J. Structural basis for receptor binding and broader interspecies receptor recognition of currently circulating Omicron sub-variants. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4405. [PMID: 37479708 PMCID: PMC10362042 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39942-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants, such as BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5, emerge one after another. BA.5 has become the dominant strain worldwide. Additionally, BA.2.75 is significantly increasing in some countries. Exploring their receptor binding and interspecies transmission risk is urgently needed. Herein, we examine the binding capacities of human and other 28 animal ACE2 orthologs covering nine orders towards S proteins of these sub-variants. The binding affinities between hACE2 and these sub-variants remain in the range as that of previous variants of concerns (VOCs) or interests (VOIs). Notably, R493Q reverse mutation enhances the bindings towards ACE2s from humans and many animals closely related to human life, suggesting an increased risk of cross-species transmission. Structures of S/hACE2 or RBD/hACE2 complexes for these sub-variants and BA.2 S binding to ACE2 of mouse, rat or golden hamster are determined to reveal the molecular basis for receptor binding and broader interspecies recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunliang Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Jingya Zhou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yumin Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linjie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dedong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Li
- Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junqing Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Zepeng Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yeping Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linhuan Wu
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juncai Ma
- Chinese National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Odel Y Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Guijun Shang
- Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kefang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Peiyi Wang
- Cryo-EM Center, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - George F Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianxun Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China.
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Li OY, Wang X, Yang K, Liu D, Shi H. The approaching pilot for One Health governance index. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:16. [PMID: 36915165 PMCID: PMC10009848 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One Health approach advocates realizing the best health and harmonious symbiosis of human, animal and natural environment through cross-border, multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation. The good governance model is the leading factor for the performance of One Health governance. In order to tackle the complex problems in the One Health governance at the global level, the variation of One Health governance in different countries was analyzed by a set of indicators within the One Health system. METHOD The capacity of One Health governance was assessed after establishment of a set of indicators for the One Health governance index (OHGI) following the methodology of the global One Health index. The data to calculate OHGI was collected from various database sources, including the Food and Agriculture Organization, the World Health Organization, the World Organization for Animal Health, and official health-related institutions of various countries. Eight indicators (including 19 sub-indicators) were employed in the OHGI system to comprehensively evaluate the capacity of One Health governance in 146 countries of the world. RESULTS Among the 146 countries scored in the OHGI system, the average score was 34.11, with a median score of 31.49, ranged from 8.50 to 70.28. Most countries with higher OHGI scores come from Europe and Central Asia, East Asia and the Pacific and North America, while countries with the lower OHGI scores are almost from sub-Saharan Africa. Six countries scored more than 65 points, including Australia, Sweden, Germany, Netherlands, the United States of America and Finland, indicating that these countries are relatively mature in most aspects of One Health governance. However, there were some developing countries with OHGI scored lower than 15. Therefore, the gap between countries with higher OHGI scores and those with lower OHGI scores is more than 60. CONCLUSIONS Good governance on One Health is an important indicator to measure One Health's governance capacity. The political stability, the level of rule of law and economic conditions in different regions are significantly correlated with the One Health governance capacity. Actions need to be taken urgently to close the gap of One Health governance between different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odel Y Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Legislative Research Institute, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Law School, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - XiangCheng Wang
- School of Global Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelly Yang
- Queens College, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - DongMei Liu
- Law School, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - HuaChen Shi
- Institute of Law, Shanghai Academy of Social Science, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Zhang XX, Liu JS, Han LF, Xia S, Li SZ, Li OY, Kassegne K, Li M, Yin K, Hu QQ, Xiu LS, Zhu YZ, Huang LY, Wang XC, Zhang Y, Zhao HQ, Yin JX, Jiang TG, Li Q, Fei SW, Gu SY, Chen FM, Zhou N, Cheng ZL, Xie Y, Li HM, Chen J, Guo ZY, Feng JX, Ai L, Xue JB, Ye Q, Grant L, Song JX, Simm G, Utzinger J, Guo XK, Zhou XN. Towards a global One Health index: a potential assessment tool for One Health performance. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:57. [PMID: 35599310 PMCID: PMC9124287 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-00979-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A One Health approach has been increasingly mainstreamed by the international community, as it provides for holistic thinking in recognizing the close links and inter-dependence of the health of humans, animals and the environment. However, the dearth of real-world evidence has hampered application of a One Health approach in shaping policies and practice. This study proposes the development of a potential evaluation tool for One Health performance, in order to contribute to the scientific measurement of One Health approach and the identification of gaps where One Health capacity building is most urgently needed. Methods We describe five steps towards a global One Health index (GOHI), including (i) framework formulation; (ii) indicator selection; (iii) database building; (iv) weight determination; and (v) GOHI scores calculation. A cell-like framework for GOHI is proposed, which comprises an external drivers index (EDI), an intrinsic drivers index (IDI) and a core drivers index (CDI). We construct the indicator scheme for GOHI based on this framework after multiple rounds of panel discussions with our expert advisory committee. A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process is adopted to determine the weights for each of the indicators. Results The weighted indicator scheme of GOHI comprises three first-level indicators, 13 second-level indicators, and 57 third-level indicators. According to the pilot analysis based on the data from more than 200 countries/territories the GOHI scores overall are far from ideal (the highest score of 65.0 out of a maximum score of 100), and we found considerable variations among different countries/territories (31.8–65.0). The results from the pilot analysis are consistent with the results from a literature review, which suggests that a GOHI as a potential tool for the assessment of One Health performance might be feasible. Conclusions GOHI—subject to rigorous validation—would represent the world’s first evaluation tool that constructs the conceptual framework from a holistic perspective of One Health. Future application of GOHI might promote a common understanding of a strong One Health approach and provide reference for promoting effective measures to strengthen One Health capacity building. With further adaptations under various scenarios, GOHI, along with its technical protocols and databases, will be updated regularly to address current technical limitations, and capture new knowledge. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40249-022-00979-9.
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