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Shilton T, Shilton H, Mosheva M, Amsalem D, Negri O, Cohen T, Hertz-Palmor N, Waniel-Zaga A, Pesach IM, Tuval-Mashiach R, Hasson-Ohayon I, Gothelf D. Parents' experience of a shared parent-child stay during the first week of hospitalization in a child psychiatry inpatient ward. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1039-1046. [PMID: 37202584 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02225-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hospitalization of children in an inpatient psychiatric ward is stressful for both the children and their parents, and separation from the parents during hospitalization is probably one major cause of this stress. We designated one room in a closed inpatient unit to enable a parent to stay with his/her child, including overnight, during the 1st week of hospitalization. We then examined the parents' experience of the shared parent-child stay. Thirty parents of 16 children aged 6-12 years admitted to our inpatient child psychiatry ward completed in-depth semi-structured interviews after that week's experience. The interviews covered the parents' experiences of the 1st week in the larger context of pre-hospitalization period, which also includes the decision to hospitalize the child. The contents of the interviews were analyzed by means of independent coders that identified the following major themes: (1) ambivalence and confusion of the parents as related to their decision to hospitalize their child in the time period just before admission; (2) gradual process of separation from the child during the joint stay at the ward; (3) building confidence and trust toward the staff. Themes 2 and 3 express benefits from the joint hospitalization that may have a strong positive impact on the child's and the parent's recovery. These themes warrant further evaluation of the proposed shared stay during hospitalization in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Shilton
- The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 5262000, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hany Shilton
- Department of Education and Psychology, The Open University, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mariela Mosheva
- The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 5262000, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Doron Amsalem
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Ofir Negri
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tal Cohen
- The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 5262000, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nimrod Hertz-Palmor
- The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 5262000, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ariela Waniel-Zaga
- The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 5262000, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Faculty of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Itai M Pesach
- The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 5262000, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | - Doron Gothelf
- The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 5262000, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Negri O, Horesh D, Gordon I, Hasson-Ohayon I. Searching for Certainty During a Pandemic: A Longitudinal Investigation of the Moderating Role of Media Consumption on the Development of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms During COVID-19. J Nerv Ment Dis 2022; 210:672-679. [PMID: 35394974 PMCID: PMC9426309 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The current study longitudinally examined the moderating effects of consuming different types of media ( i.e. , formal [news] and informal [social media, WhatsApp]) in the association among COVID-19-related worries, intolerance of uncertainty (IU), and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSSs). Data were collected at two time points during July and September 2020, with approximately 60 days between measurements. Results showed that both COVID-19-related worries and IU were found to be positively associated with PTSSs. An interaction with formal media consumption was found, so that when one's formal media consumption was high, he or she were most vulnerable to the aforementioned effects on the development of PTSSs. Our findings point to the interactive effects of both COVID-19 worries and IU with media consumption on the development of PTSSs. Although media consumption might provide information during uncertainty, it may also intensify PTSSs during times of crisis. Implications and limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Negri
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Danny Horesh
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ilanit Gordon
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Gonda Brain Sciences Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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Abstract
Molten Salt Reactors are Gen-IV reactors that use liquid fuel. Fluid fuel allows continuous removal of fission gases as well as batch fuel reprocessing. With these control mechanisms the system can be sustained within the desired operating temperature range and required power output. These methods rely on the presence of a chemical processing plant on-site that adds complexity. This also creates a risk of processing plant unavailability due to faults, emergency downtime or maintenance. The work considers variation of fuel salt flow rate in Molten Salt Reactors as a means of controlling reactor operation without using reprocessing. The analysis is performed using the Molten Salt Fast Reactor as an example. An extended version of the SERPENT Monte-Carlo transport code coupled with OpenFOAM generic platform were used for capturing delayed neutron drift, decay heat, gaseous fission product removal, calculating fuel salt velocity vectors and the fuel temperature distribution. The two models were coupled via a script that accounted for reactivity insertion between time steps and the changes caused in the fission power. Results confirm that, while operating at constant power, the difference between fuel inlet and outlet temperatures increase as the flow rate decreases. Burnup analysis has shown that while the average fuel temperature continues to reduce with time, the difference between inlet and outlet temperatures can be controlled by varying the flow rate while maintaining constant power. Finally, the variation in the fuel flow rate has been shown to extend the reactor operating time with no insertion of additional fissile inventory.
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