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Kirkiz E, Meers O, Grebien F, Buschbeck M. Histone Variants and Their Chaperones in Hematological Malignancies. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e927. [PMID: 37449197 PMCID: PMC10337764 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation occurs on the level of compacting DNA into chromatin. The functional unit of chromatin is the nucleosome, which consists of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins. While canonical histone proteins are incorporated into chromatin through a replication-coupled process, structural variants of histones, commonly named histone variants, are deposited into chromatin in a replication-independent manner. Specific chaperones and chromatin remodelers mediate the locus-specific deposition of histone variants. Although histone variants comprise one of the least understood layers of epigenetic regulation, it has been proposed that they play an essential role in directly regulating gene expression in health and disease. Here, we review the emerging evidence suggesting that histone variants have a role at different stages of hematopoiesis, with a particular focus on the histone variants H2A, H3, and H1. Moreover, we discuss the current knowledge on how the dysregulation of histone variants can contribute to hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Kirkiz
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Meers
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- PhD Programme in Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Florian Grebien
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Buschbeck
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
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Zhang S, Cooper JAL, Chong YS, Naveed A, Mayoh C, Jayatilleke N, Liu T, Amos S, Kobelke S, Marshall AC, Meers O, Choi YS, Bond CS, Fox AH. NONO enhances mRNA processing of super-enhancer-associated GATA2 and HAND2 genes in neuroblastoma. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e54977. [PMID: 36416237 PMCID: PMC9900351 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202254977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma patients have poor survival rates and require better therapeutic options. High expression of a multifunctional DNA and RNA-binding protein, NONO, in neuroblastoma is associated with poor patient outcome; however, there is little understanding of the mechanism of NONO-dependent oncogenic gene regulatory activity in neuroblastoma. Here, we used cell imaging, biochemical and genome-wide molecular analysis to reveal complex NONO-dependent regulation of gene expression. NONO forms RNA- and DNA-tethered condensates throughout the nucleus and undergoes phase separation in vitro, modulated by nucleic acid binding. CLIP analyses show that NONO mainly binds to the 5' end of pre-mRNAs and modulates pre-mRNA processing, dependent on its RNA-binding activity. NONO regulates super-enhancer-associated genes, including HAND2 and GATA2. Abrogating NONO RNA binding, or phase separation activity, results in decreased expression of HAND2 and GATA2. Thus, future development of agents that target RNA-binding activity of NONO may have therapeutic potential in this cancer context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- School of Human SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Jack AL Cooper
- School of Human SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Yee Seng Chong
- School of Molecular SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Alina Naveed
- School of Human SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute AustraliaRandwickNSWAustralia
- Centre for Childhood Cancer ResearchUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSWAustralia
- School of Women's and Children's HealthUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSWAustralia
| | - Nisitha Jayatilleke
- Children's Cancer Institute AustraliaRandwickNSWAustralia
- Centre for Childhood Cancer ResearchUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSWAustralia
| | - Tao Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute AustraliaRandwickNSWAustralia
- Centre for Childhood Cancer ResearchUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSWAustralia
| | - Sebastian Amos
- School of Human SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Simon Kobelke
- School of Human SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Andrew C Marshall
- School of Molecular SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Oliver Meers
- School of Human SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Charles S Bond
- School of Molecular SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
| | - Archa H Fox
- School of Human SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
- School of Molecular SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
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Corujo D, Malinverni R, Carrillo-Reixach J, Meers O, Garcia-Jaraquemada A, Le Pannérer MM, Valero V, Pérez A, Del Río-Álvarez Á, Royo L, Pérez-González B, Raurell H, Acemel RD, Santos-Pereira JM, Garrido-Pontnou M, Gómez-Skarmeta JL, Pasquali L, Manyé J, Armengol C, Buschbeck M. MacroH2As regulate enhancer-promoter contacts affecting enhancer activity and sensitivity to inflammatory cytokines. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110988. [PMID: 35732123 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MacroH2A histone variants have a function in gene regulation that is poorly understood at the molecular level. We report that macroH2A1.2 and macroH2A2 modulate the transcriptional ground state of cancer cells and how they respond to inflammatory cytokines. Removal of macroH2A1.2 and macroH2A2 in hepatoblastoma cells affects the contact frequency of promoters and distal enhancers coinciding with changes in enhancer activity or preceding them in response to the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha. Although macroH2As regulate genes in both directions, they globally facilitate the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-mediated response. In contrast, macroH2As suppress the response to the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon gamma. MacroH2A2 has a stronger contribution to gene repression than macroH2A1.2. Taken together, our results suggest that macroH2As have a role in regulating the response of cancer cells to inflammatory signals on the level of chromatin structure. This is likely relevant for the interaction of cancer cells with immune cells of their microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Corujo
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus ICO-GTP-UAB, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain; Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Roberto Malinverni
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus ICO-GTP-UAB, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Juan Carrillo-Reixach
- Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain; Childhood Liver Oncology Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Oliver Meers
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus ICO-GTP-UAB, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain; Doctoral Programme in Biomedicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Arce Garcia-Jaraquemada
- IBD Research Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Marguerite-Marie Le Pannérer
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus ICO-GTP-UAB, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain; PhD Programme in Biomedicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Vanesa Valero
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus ICO-GTP-UAB, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Pérez
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus ICO-GTP-UAB, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Álvaro Del Río-Álvarez
- Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain; Childhood Liver Oncology Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Laura Royo
- Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain; Childhood Liver Oncology Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-González
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Helena Raurell
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Rafael D Acemel
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - José M Santos-Pereira
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | | | - José Luis Gómez-Skarmeta
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Pasquali
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Josep Manyé
- IBD Research Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain; Liver and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBEREHD), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Carolina Armengol
- Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain; Childhood Liver Oncology Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain; Liver and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBEREHD), Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Marcus Buschbeck
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus ICO-GTP-UAB, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain; Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain.
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Hsu CJ, Meers O, Buschbeck M, Heidel FH. The Role of MacroH2A Histone Variants in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123003. [PMID: 34203934 PMCID: PMC8232725 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The structural unit of chromatin is the nucleosome that is composed of DNA wrapped around a core of eight histone proteins. Histone variants can replace ‘standard’ histones at specific sites of the genome. Thus, histone variants modulate all functions in the context of chromatin, such as gene expression. Here, we provide a concise review on a group of histone variants termed macroH2A. They contain two additional domains that contribute to their increased size. We discuss how these domains mediate molecular functions in normal cells and the role of macroH2As in gene expression and cancer. Abstract The epigenome regulates gene expression and provides a molecular memory of cellular events. A growing body of evidence has highlighted the importance of epigenetic regulation in physiological tissue homeostasis and malignant transformation. Among epigenetic mechanisms, the replacement of replication-coupled histones with histone variants is the least understood. Due to differences in protein sequence and genomic distribution, histone variants contribute to the plasticity of the epigenome. Here, we focus on the family of macroH2A histone variants that are particular in having a tripartite structure consisting of a histone fold, an intrinsically disordered linker and a globular macrodomain. We discuss how these domains mediate different molecular functions related to chromatin architecture, transcription and DNA repair. Dysregulated expression of macroH2A histone variants has been observed in different subtypes of cancer and has variable prognostic impact, depending on cellular context and molecular background. We aim to provide a concise review regarding the context- and isoform-dependent contributions of macroH2A histone variants to cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jen Hsu
- Internal Medicine C, Greifswald University Medicine, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Oliver Meers
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus Can Ruti, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
| | - Marcus Buschbeck
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus Can Ruti, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
- Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (F.H.H.); Tel.: +34-935-572-800 (M.B.); +49-383-486-6698 (F.H.H.); Fax: +49-383-486-6713 (F.H.H.)
| | - Florian H. Heidel
- Internal Medicine C, Greifswald University Medicine, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (F.H.H.); Tel.: +34-935-572-800 (M.B.); +49-383-486-6698 (F.H.H.); Fax: +49-383-486-6713 (F.H.H.)
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