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van Minnen O, van den Bergh WM, Kneyber MCJ, Accord RE, Buys D, Meier S. Fresh Frozen Plasma Versus Solvent Detergent Plasma for Cardiopulmonary Bypass Priming in Neonates and Infants Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2024; 38:1144-1149. [PMID: 38383273 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compared with fresh frozen plasma (FFP), Omniplasma has been attributed to an increased coagulation potential and an increased fibrinolytic potential. This study aimed to compare Omniplasma and FFP used for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) priming regarding the incidence of postoperative thrombotic or hemorrhagic complications and outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. DESIGN A retrospective observational cohort study SETTING: This single-center study was performed at the University Medical Center Groningen. PARTICIPANT All pediatric patients up to 10 kg undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB. INTERVENTIONS Procedures in which FFP was used for CPB priming were compared with those in which Omniplasma was used. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The primary outcome parameter was a composite endpoint consisting of the following: (1) pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) mortality, (2) thromboembolic complications, and (3) hemorrhagic complications during PICU stay. The authors included 143 procedures in the analyses, 90 (63%) in the FFP group and 53 (37%) in the Omniplasma group. The occurrence of the combined primary endpoint (FFP 20% v Omniplasma 11%, p = 0.18) and its components did not differ between the used CPB priming agent). Omniplasma for CPB priming was associated with decreased unfractionated heparin administration per kg bodyweight (585 IU v 510 IU, p = 0.03), higher preoperative and postoperative activated clotting times (ACT) discrepancy (90% v 94%, p = 0.03), a lower postoperative ACT value (125 v 118 seconds, p = 0.01), and less red blood cell transfusion per kilogram bodyweight (78 v 55 mL, p = 0.02). However, none of the variables differed statistically significantly in the multivariate logistic regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS The authors did not find an association between the plasma used for CPB priming and thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications and death in neonates and infants undergoing cardiac surgery. Omniplasma seems to be safe to use in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier van Minnen
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Walter M van den Bergh
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martin C J Kneyber
- Division of Paediatric Critical Care Medicine, Beatrix Children's Hospital Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ryan E Accord
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dedré Buys
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sascha Meier
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
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van Minnen O, Jolink FE, van den Bergh WM, Droogh JM, Oude Lansink-Hartgring A. International Survey on Mechanical Ventilation During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. ASAIO J 2024; 70:300-304. [PMID: 38051596 PMCID: PMC10977054 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000002101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimal ventilation strategy for patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains uncertain. This survey reports current mechanical ventilation strategies adopted by ECMO centers worldwide. An international, multicenter, cross-sectional survey was conducted anonymously through an internet-based tool. Participants from North America, Europe, Asia, and Oceania were recruited from the extracorporeal life support organization (ELSO) directory. Responses were received from 48 adult ECMO centers (response rate 10.6%). Half of these had dedicated ventilation protocols for ECMO support. Pressure-controlled ventilation was the preferred initial ventilation mode for both venovenous ECMO (VV-ECMO) (60%) and venoarterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) (34%). In VV-ECMO, the primary goal was lung rest (93%), with rescue therapies commonly employed, especially neuromuscular blockade (93%) and prone positioning (74%). Spontaneous ventilation was typically introduced after signs of pulmonary recovery, with few centers using it as the initial mode (7%). A quarter of centers stopped sedation within 3 days after ECMO initiation. Ventilation strategies during VA-ECMO focused less on lung-protective goals and transitioned to spontaneous ventilation earlier. Ventilation strategies during ECMO support differ considerably. Controlled ventilation is predominantly used initially to provide lung rest, often facilitated by sedation and neuromuscular blockade. Few centers apply "awake ECMO" early during ECMO support, some utilizing partial neuromuscular blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier van Minnen
- From the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Floris E.J. Jolink
- From the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Walter M. van den Bergh
- From the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joep M. Droogh
- From the Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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van Minnen O, Oude Lansink-Hartgring A, Hoffmann RF, van den Bergh WM. Risk factors for elective and emergency oxygenator exchanges during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Perfusion 2023:2676591231168642. [PMID: 36995209 DOI: 10.1177/02676591231168642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite systemic anticoagulation and antithrombotic surface coating, oxygenator dysfunction remains one of most common technical complications of Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Several parameters have been associated with an oxygenator exchange, but no guidelines for when to perform an exchange are published. An exchange, especially an emergency exchange, has a risk of complications. Therefore, a delicate balance between oxygenator dysfunction and the exchange of the oxygenator exists. This study aimed to identify risk factors and predictors for elective and emergency oxygenator exchanges. METHODS This observational cohort study included all adult patients supported with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO). We compared patients' characteristics and laboratory values of patients with and without an oxygenator exchange and between an elective and emergency exchange, defined as an exchange outside office hours. Risk factors for an oxygenator exchange were identified with cox regression analyses, and risk factors for an emergency exchange were identified with logistic regression analyses. RESULTS We included forty-five patients in the analyses. There were twenty-nine oxygenator exchanges in nineteen patients (42%). More than a third of the exchanges were emergency exchanges. Higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), transmembrane pressure difference (ΔP), and hemoglobin (Hb) were associated with an oxygenator exchange. Lower lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was the only risk factor for an emergency exchange. CONCLUSION Oxygenator exchange is frequent during V-V ECMO support. PaCO2, ΔP and Hb were associated with an oxygenator exchange and lower LDH with the risk of an emergency exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier van Minnen
- Department of Critical Care of the University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Roland F Hoffmann
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Section Extracorporeal Circulation of the University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Walter M van den Bergh
- Department of Critical Care of the University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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van Minnen O, Oude Lansink-Hartgring A, van den Boogaard B, van den Brule J, Bulpa P, Bunge JJH, Delnoij TSR, Elzo Kraemer CV, Kuijpers M, Lambermont B, Maas JJ, de Metz J, Michaux I, van de Pol I, van de Poll M, Raasveld SJ, Raes M, Dos Reis Miranda D, Scholten E, Simonet O, Taccone FS, Vallot F, Vlaar APJ, van den Bergh WM. Reduced anticoagulation targets in extracorporeal life support (RATE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2022; 23:405. [PMID: 35578271 PMCID: PMC9108348 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06367-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although life-saving in selected patients, ECMO treatment still has high mortality which for a large part is due to treatment-related complications. A feared complication is ischemic stroke for which heparin is routinely administered for which the dosage is usually guided by activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). However, there is no relation between aPTT and the rare occurrence of ischemic stroke (1.2%), but there is a relation with the much more frequent occurrence of bleeding complications (55%) and blood transfusion. Both are strongly related to outcome. METHODS We will conduct a three-arm non-inferiority randomized controlled trial, in adult patients treated with ECMO. Participants will be randomized between heparin administration with a target of 2-2.5 times baseline aPTT, 1.5-2 times baseline aPTT, or low molecular weight heparin guided by weight and renal function. Apart from anticoagulation targets, treatment will be according to standard care. The primary outcome parameter is a combined endpoint consisting of major bleeding including hemorrhagic stroke, severe thromboembolic complications including ischemic stroke, and mortality at 6 months. DISCUSSION We hypothesize that with lower anticoagulation targets or anticoagulation with LMWH during ECMO therapy, patients will have fewer hemorrhagic complications without an increase in thromboembolic complication or a negative effect on their outcome. If our hypothesis is confirmed, this study could lead to a change in anticoagulation protocols and a better outcome for patients treated with ECMO. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04536272 . Registered on 2 September 2020. Netherlands Trial Register NL7969.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier van Minnen
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Room R3.904, PO BOX 30001, 9700, RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Annemieke Oude Lansink-Hartgring
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Room R3.904, PO BOX 30001, 9700, RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Judith van den Brule
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre Bulpa
- Department of Intensive Care, CHU UCL Namur site Mont-Godinne, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Jeroen J H Bunge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs S R Delnoij
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos V Elzo Kraemer
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marijn Kuijpers
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Isala Clinics, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jacinta J Maas
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jesse de Metz
- Department of Intensive Care, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Michaux
- Department of Intensive Care, CHU UCL Namur site Mont-Godinne, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Ineke van de Pol
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel van de Poll
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S Jorinde Raasveld
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Raes
- Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dinis Dos Reis Miranda
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Scholten
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier Simonet
- Department of Intensive Care, Centre Hospitalier de Wallonie Picarde (CHwapi), Tournai, Belgium
| | - Fabio S Taccone
- Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Erasme Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frederic Vallot
- Department of Intensive Care, Centre Hospitalier de Wallonie Picarde (CHwapi), Tournai, Belgium
| | - Alexander P J Vlaar
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Walter M van den Bergh
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Room R3.904, PO BOX 30001, 9700, RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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van Minnen O, van den Bergh WM, Droogh JM, Koehorst L, Lagrand WK, Raasveld SJ, Oude Lansink-Hartgring A, Terpstra A, Smit JM, Tuinman PR, Vlaar APJ. Incidence and risk factors of deep vein thrombosis after extracorporeal life support. Artif Organs 2022; 46:1893-1900. [PMID: 35466442 PMCID: PMC9546164 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after decannulation of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is not uncommon. Moreover, the impact of anticoagulation and potential risk factors is unclear. Furthermore, it is unclear if cannula‐associated DVT is more common in ECLS patients compared to critically ill patients without ECLS. Methods All adult patients who were successfully weaned from ECLS and were screened for DVT following decannulation were included in this observational cohort study. The incidence of post‐ECLS‐DVT was assessed and the cannula‐associated DVT rate was compared with that of patients without ECLS after central venous catheter (CVC) removal. The correlation between the level of anticoagulation, risk factors, and post‐ECLS‐DVT was determined. Results We included 30 ECLS patients and 53 non‐ECLS patients. DVT was found in 15 patients (50%) of which 10 patients had a DVT in a cannulated vein. No correlation between the level of anticoagulation and DVT was found. V‐V ECLS mode was the only independent risk factor for post‐ECLS‐DVT (OR 5.5; 95%CI 1.16–26.41). We found no difference between the ECLS and non‐ECLS cohorts regarding cannula‐associated DVT rate (33% vs. 32%). Conclusion Post‐ECLS‐DVT is a common finding that occurs in half of all patients supported with ECLS. The incidence of cannula‐associated DVT was equal to CVC‐associated DVT in critically ill patients without ECLS. V‐V ECLS was an independent risk factor for post‐ECLS‐DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier van Minnen
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Walter M van den Bergh
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joep M Droogh
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisette Koehorst
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Location AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim K Lagrand
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Location AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Jorinde Raasveld
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Location AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Aart Terpstra
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Location AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper M Smit
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Location VUmc), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter R Tuinman
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Location VUmc), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander P J Vlaar
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Location AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Oude Lansink-Hartgring A, van Minnen O, Vermeulen KM, van den Bergh WM. Hospital Costs of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Adults: A Systematic Review. Pharmacoecon Open 2021; 5:613-623. [PMID: 34060061 PMCID: PMC8166371 DOI: 10.1007/s41669-021-00272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Costs associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are an important factor in establishing cost effectiveness. In this systematic review, we aimed to determine the total hospital costs of ECMO for adults. METHODS The literature was retrieved from the PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases from inception to 4 March 2020 using the search terms 'extracorporeal membrane oxygenation' combined with 'costs'; similar terms or phrases were then added to the search, i.e. 'Extracorporeal Life Support' or 'ECMO' or 'ECLS' combined with 'costs'. We included any type of study (e.g. randomized trial or observational cohort) evaluating hospital costs of ECMO in adults (age ≥18 years). RESULTS A total of 1768 unique articles were retrieved during our search. We assessed 74 full-text articles for eligibility, of which 14 articles were selected for inclusion in this review; six papers were from the US, five were from Europe, and one each from Japan, Australia, and Taiwan. The sample sizes ranged from 16 to 18,684 patients. One paper exclusively used prospective cost data collection, while all other papers used retrospective data collection. Five papers reported charges instead of costs. There was large variation in hospital costs, ranging from US$22,305 to US$334,608 (2019 values), largely depending on the indication for ECMO support and location. The highest reported costs were for lung transplant recipients who were receiving ECMO support in the US, and the lowest reported costs were for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation patients presenting with non-shockable rhythm in Japan. The additional costs of ECMO patients compared with non-ECMO patients varied between US$2518 and US$200,658. Personnel costs varied between 11 and 52% of the total amount. CONCLUSIONS ECMO therapy is an advanced and expensive technology, although reported costs differ considerably depending on ECMO indication and whether charges or costs are measured. Combined with the ongoing gathering of outcome data, cost effectiveness per ECMO indication could be determined in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemieke Oude Lansink-Hartgring
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 970 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Olivier van Minnen
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 970 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Karin M Vermeulen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Walter M van den Bergh
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 970 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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